TRANSISTOR COMMON-BASE CONFIGURATION

PHYSIC
S INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Name: Joydeep Naskar

Class: XII- Science
Roll:
School: Kendriya Vidyalaya,
IIM Joka
Session: 20!-"
 INDEX
S. Title
No.
1 Acknowledgement

2 Certifcate

3 Introduction
Experiment
-Aim
4 -Materials required
-!ser"ation
-#esult

5. $i!liograp%&
 Acknowledgement
I would like to t%ank t%e C$SE' (or
pro"iding me t%e opportunit& to
carr& out t%is in"estigator&
pro)ect* I also take t%is
opportunit& to express m& sincere
gratitude to m& P%&sics teac%er'
Mr. Arin!" O#$!% PGT P$&'i('
)Contr!(t*!l+' (or guiding me
and imparting a sound !ase o(
knowledge pertaining to t%is topic
w%ic% ensured t%e success(ul
completion o( t%is pro)ect* I would
also like to t%ank %im (or
unending assistance to ena!le
completion o( t%e exercise*
 CERTI,ICATE
+%is is to %ere!& certi(& t%at t%e
original and genuine
in"estigator& pro)ect %as !een
completed sincerel& and
satis(actoril& !& Jo&ee-
N!'!r o( class XII / S(.
0enri&!Vi&!l!&! IIMJo!%
0ol!t!' regarding %is pro)ect
titled ,To 't*& t$e ee(t o
!rio*' 'ol*te' on t$e
ele!tion o oilin -oint o
6!ter7 as per t%e C$SE
practical work requirement (or
t%e session ./0-./1*

#eacher$s Si%na&'re ()aminer$s Si%na&'re

* &ransis&or is a &hree &erminal ac&i+e de+ice #he &erminals are

emi&&er, ase, collec&or In C. con/i%'ra&ion, &he ase is common &o
o&h inp'& emi&&er1 and o'&p'& collec&or1 or normal opera&ion, &he
(-. 3'nc&ion is /or4ard iased and C-. 3'nc&ion is re+erse iased
In C. con/i%'ra&ion, I( is 5+e, IC is 6+e and I. is 6+e
7i&h an increasin% &he re+erse collec&or +ol&a%e, &he space-char%e
4id&h a& &he o'&p'& 3'nc&ion increases and &he e//ec&i+e ase 4id&h
87$ decreases #his phenomenon is kno4n as 9(arly e//ec& #hen,
&here 4ill e less chance /or recomina&ion 4i&hin &he ase re%ion
7i&h increase o/ char%e %radien& 4i&hin &he ase re%ion, &he c'rren& o/
minori&y carriers in3ec&ed across &he emi&&er 3'nc&ion increases #he
c'rren& ampli/ica&ion /ac&or o/ C. con/i%'ra&ion is %i+en y,
;< =IC> =I(

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

AIM:
  #o oser+e and dra4 &he inp'& and o'&p'&
charac&eris&ics o/ a &ransis&or connec&ed in
common ase con/i%'ra&ion
2 #o /ind c'rren& %ain ;1 o/ &he %i+en
&ransis&or

MATERIALS REQUIRED:
 * pnp #ransis&or
2 Re%'la&ed po4er s'pply 0-?0V, *1 and a ?-V a&&ery
? Vol&me&er 0-?0V1
@ *mme&ers 0-!0m*1
! 2 hi%h resis&ance rheos&a&s
" Connec&in% 4ires

PROCEDURE:
INPUT CHARACTERISTICS:

 Connec&ions are made as per &he circ'i& dia%ram

2 or plo&&in% &he inp'& charac&eris&ics, &he o'&p'& +ol&a%e V C( is kep&
cons&an& a& 0V and /or di//eren& +al'es o/ V (. no&e do4n &he +al'es o/
I(
 ? Repea& &he ao+e s&ep keepin% VC. a& 2V, @V, and "V *ll &he
readin%s are &a'la&ed
@ * %raph is dra4n e&4een V(. and I( /or cons&an& VC.

OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS:

 Connec&ions are made as per &he circ'i& dia%ram

2 or plo&&in% &he o'&p'& charac&eris&ics, &he inp'& I( is kep& cons&an& a&
0m* and /or di//eren& +al'es o/ VC., no&e do4n &he +al'es o/ IC
? Repea& &he ao+e s&ep /or &he +al'es o/ I ( a& 20m*, @0m*, and
"0m*, all &he readin%s are &a'la&ed
@ * %raph is dra4n e&4een VC. and Ic /or cons&an& I(

OBSERATIONS:
 Aeas& co'n& o/ +ol&me&er Vi < 0V
2 Ran%e o/ +ol&me&er Vi< 0-! +ol&s
? Bero error o/ +ol&me&er Vi< No error
@ Aeas& co'n& o/ +ol&me&er V0 < 0V
! Ran%e o/ +ol&me&er V0<0 &o !V
" Bero error o/ +ol&me&er V0< No error
 Ran%e o/ milli-amme&er< 0-!0m*
 D Bero error o/ milli-amme&er< No error

T!"le #o$ %n&'t c(!$!cte$%)t%c)

Sl .ase-emi&&er (mi&&er c'rren& I( m*1 /or

+ol&a%e V(.V1
No VC.< 0V VC.< -2V VC.< -@V

 2! 0 0 0
2 ?0 0 0 0
? @2 0 0 0
@ @" ! " E
! @D 20 2 2"

" @E ?D @D F'& o/ ran%e

T!"le #o$ o't&'t c(!$!cte$%)t%c)

Sl .ase-collec&or Collec&or c'rren& IC m*1 /or

+ol&a%e VC.V1
No I(<!m* I(<0m* I(<20m*

 0 @! E0 E0
2  !0 E0 E!
? 2 !0 E0 E!
@ @ !! E! E!

! ! !! E! E!

" " !! E! E!
  !! E! E!
D D !! E! E!

T!"le #o$ t$!n)#e$ c(!$!cte$%)t%c)

Sl(mi&&er c'rren& I( Collec&or c'rren& IC m*1 /or

m*1
No VC.< 0V VC.< -2V VC.< -@V

 0 0 0 0
2 ! ! ! !
? " " " "
@    

! D D D D

" 0 0 0 0

CALCULATIONS
RESULT
 #he inp'&, o'&p'& and &rans/er charac&eris&ics are sho4n
in &he ad3oinin% %raphs
2 #he c'rren& %ain, ; <
? #he +ol&a%e %ain, *+ <

PRECAUTIONS
  #he s'pply +ol&a%es sho'ld no& e)ceed &he ra&in% o/ &he
&ransis&or
2 Me&ers sho'ld e connec&ed properly accordin% &o &heir
polari&ies

SOURCES O* ERROR
#he &ransis&or may e /a'l&y

BIBILOGRPAH+

2arious !ooks and we!sites were

re(erred w%ile making t%is pro)ect3
/4 P%&sics +ext!ook (or class 5II' Part-I'
6CE#+
4 P%&sics 7a!orator& Manual (or class
5II' 6CE#+
84 9ikipedia*org
:4 Connect;Edu
04 Youtu!e*com