CARBON AND ITS COMPOUNDS

Hydrocarbon – compounds of carbon

and hydrogen.

Saturated hydrocarbon -Compounds of

carbon, which are linked by only single
bonds between the carbon atoms are
called saturated compounds.

Unsaturated hydrocarbon-Compounds of
carbon having double or triple bonds
between their carbon atoms are called
unsaturated compounds.
Q.1 What do you mean by isomerism? Draw and give formula of isomers of butane, pentane and
hexane.

Answer: The organic compounds having the same molecular formula but different structural formula
is known as isomers and this property is known as isomerism.

ISOMERS OF BUTANE : Butane and 2-Methylpropane

ISOMERS OF PENTANE

ISOMERS OF HEXANE:

Q. 2 What is Homologous series? Explain it with an example.

Answer : A homologous series is a family of organic compounds having the same functional group
,similar chemical properties and the successive members of the series differ by a –CH2 group or a
molecular mass of 14 u .All the members of the homologues series can be represented by the same
general formula and the members show a gradual change in their physical properties with increase in
molecular mass.

HOMOLOGOUS SERIES OF ALKANES

HOMOLOGOUS SERIES OF ALKENES