YEAR 9 HAP- SEMESTER 1 EXAM

REVISION BOOKLET
Year 9 Pythagoras and Trigonometry

1Find the length of the hypotenuse in each of the following right-angled triangles.
a b

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2 In each of the following, find the value of the pronumeral.

Round your answer in part b to two decimal places and give an exact answer to part c.
a b

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 c

_______________________________

_______________________________

3 A 4 m tall ladder reaches 3.7 m up a wall. Find the horizontal distance between the
base of the wall and the ladder. Give your answer correct to two decimal places.
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______________________________________________________________________

4 Label the sides of the following triangles as opposite to θ (O), adjacent to θ (A)
or hypotenuse (H).

a b

5 Write a trigonometric ratio (in fraction form) for each of these triangles, and simplify
when possible.
a b

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_________________________________ ___________________________________

6 In each of the following, find the value of x correct to two decimal places.
 x x
a sin 40° = 5 b 2. 7 = tan 73°

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13
c cos 26° = x
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________________________________
16 . 4
d x = sin 58.9°

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7 For each of the following, find the value of x correct to two decimal places.
a b

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c d

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8 Find the value of θ to the nearest degree.

 a b

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9 If a = 3, b = 4, c = 5 then the hypotenuse is equal to

A 3 B 5 C 4

D E

10 For the right-angled triangle shown, the value of x is given by:

A B C 1.52 + 1.32

D E 1.52 – 1.32

11 Which of the following triangles has its sides labelled correctly?

 A B C

D E

12 The value of tan 29°, correct to four decimal places, is:

A 0.4848 B 0.8746 C 0.1307

D 0.5543 E 0.2591

Questions 13 and 14 refer to the following diagram:

13 For the given triangle:

a a b
cos q= cos q= cos q=
A b B c C c
b c
cos q= cos q=
D a E a

14 For the given triangle:

A
q=sin−1 ( bc ) B
q=sin−1 ( ba ) C
q=sin−1 ( ac )
D
q=sin−1 ( ab ) E
q=sin−1 ( cb )
15 Find the ratios for the following triangle (Leave in exact form)
 a b

________________________ ___________________________

c d

________________________ ___________________________

e f

________________________ ___________________________

16 Find the length of the hypotenuse in each of the following right-angled triangles,
leaving your answer to part b as an exact value. (HINT: Pythagoras theorem).
a b

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_______________________________ ________________________________
_______________________________ ________________________________
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17 Find the value of the pronumeral in each of the following right-angled triangle, leaving
your answer to part b as an exact value. (HINT: Pythagoras theorem).
 a b

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18 In each of the following, find the value of x correct to two decimal places.
x x
a cos 70° = 3 b 7 . 4 = tan 28°

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18 15 .2
c sin 34° = x d x = cos 59.6°

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19 For each of the following, find the value of the unknown correct to two decimal places.
(HINT: SOH CAH TOA).
a b
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_______________________________ ________________________________

c d

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20 Find the value of θ to the nearest degree.

a b

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_______________________________ ________________________________
Year 10 Pythagoras and Trigonometry

1 Find the length of the unknown side in these right-angled triangles, correct to two
decimal places.
a b
_______________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________
c d

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_______________________________ __________________________________

2 Consider the rectangular prism ABCDEFGH shown below.

a Find BE, leaving your answer in exact form.

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___________________________________________________________________________
b Find BH, correct to two decimal places.
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___________________________________________________________________________
3 Find the value of x in these right-angled triangles, correct to two decimal places.
a b
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_______________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________

c d

_______________________________
__________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________
4 Find the value of  in the following right-angled triangles, rounding to two decimal
places where necessary.
a b

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_______________________________ __________________________________
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c d
_______________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________
_______________________________ __________________________________

5 A 3 m ladder makes an angle of 65 with the horizontal. How high does the ladder
reach up the wall? Round to two decimal places.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

6 The altitude of an aeroplane is 800 metres, and the horizontal distance from the
aeroplane to the runway is 3 km. Find the angle of elevation from the runway to the
aeroplane, to the nearest degree.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

7 Use the sine rule to find the value of x in this triangle, correct to two decimal places.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________

8 A triangle ABC has A = 40, AC = 9 cm and BC = 6 cm. Use the sine rule to find the
value of B, correct to one decimal place, given that:
 a B is acute

b B is obtuse.

9 Use the cosine rule to find the value of x in this triangle, correct to two decimal
places.

10 Use the cosine rule to find the value of  in this triangle, correct to one decimal
place.
 11 i. For the given diagram, find the true bearing from O to each of the following points.

a A _______________________________________
b B _______________________________________
c C _______________________________________
d D _______________________________________

ii. Give the true bearing of:

a O from A _______________________________________
b O from C _______________________________________

12 A ship travels due east for 8 km, then on a true bearing of 150 for 4 km.
Draw a clear diagram labelling all relevant angles and lengths.
a Find how far south the ship is from its starting point, correct to two decimal
places.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

b Find how far east the ship is from its starting point.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Checklist for Pythagoras and Trigonometry

Check 
I CAN …. Check 
find missing side lengths using Pythagoras’ solve problems related to elevation
Theorem and depression
Use the sine and cosine rule to find
use Pythagoras’ Theorem in 3D shapes the value of a missing side or
length
use the sine, cosine and tangent ratio to find the write directions in their True
value of a missing side length bearing
use inverse sine, cosine and tangent ratios to find solve trigonometry problems, using
missing angles true bearings
Indices and Surds
1 Simplify the following using the index laws.
 a m 6 ÷m 2 b 2 s 3 t 2×4 s2 t

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_________________________________ _________________________________

c ( a2 )5 d ( 5 b 3 )2
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( )
3
12 x5 y 3 2 x3
e 3 x2 y f 3y
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_________________________________ _________________________________
2 Evaluate using the zero power.

a 7 m0 b 6 x 0 −( 4 x )0
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_________________________________ _________________________________

3 Express each using positive indices.

8
a 5 a2 b−3 b y−4

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4 Simplify the following and express your answers using positive indices.

( )
−4 3
6 ( mn ) 2 2
m
× −3
a m−2 n 3n

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 __________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

( )( )
2 3
4 a−3 2 a−3 b
÷
b b−2 c 4 c2

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__________________________________________________________________

5 Write these numbers as a basic numeral.

a 7.905×104 b 3.8×10−5
_________________________________ _________________________________

6 Write these numbers in scientific notation using four significant figures.

a 9 503 600 b 0.0051702
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7 Simplify each of the following, where possible.

a 5 √ 3+8 √ 3−12 √ 3 b 3 √ 2−7 √ 3

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c √ 2× √ 3× √ 6
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d √ 91 ÷ √7
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8 Evaluate each of the following.

1 1
a 64 3 b 64 6
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 9 Solve each of the following equations.

x
x 1 1
a 2 =32 b ( )=
3 27
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_________________________________ _________________________________

Checklist for Indices and Surds

I CAN …. Check 

apply different index laws

use the zero power

write an expression using positive indices

round numbers to a given number of decimal places

round numbers to a given number of significant figures

convert between scientific notation and a basic numeral

apply the four operations to surds

Linear and Simultaneous Equations

1 Simplify the following by collecting like terms.

a b
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2 Simplify the following.

a b
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c d
 _________________________________ _________________________________
_________________________________ _________________________________

3 Expand the following using the distributive law. Simplify where possible.

a b
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4 Factorise the following.

a b
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5 Evaluate these expressions if a=−2 , b=4 and c=−3 .

a b
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6 Simplify the following.

a b
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c d
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7 Simplify the following.

a b
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c d
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8 Solve the following equations.

a b
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c d
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_________________________________ _________________________________

e f
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 _________________________________ _________________________________
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9 Solve the following equations and check your solution by substitution.

a b

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c d

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_________________________________ ________________________________

10 Solve the following inequalities and graph their solutions on the number line
provided.

Checklist for Linear Relations

I CAN …. Check 

simplify algebraic expression by collecting ‘like terms’.

multiply and divide algebraic terms.

apply the distributive law to expand brackets.

factorise an expression using the highest common factor.

substitute values for pronumerals and evaluate expressions.

multiply and divide fractions involving algebraic expressions.

add and subtract algebraic fractions.

solve a linear equation involving two or more steps, including brackets and variables on both sides.

solve linear equations involving algebraic fractions.

Probability
1 The spinner shown has equally divided sections.

a List the sample space.

b Find Pr(2). c Find Pr(not a 2).

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________________________________ _____________________________________

d Find Pr(a 1 or a 2). e Find Pr(a number which is at least a 2)

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________________________________ _____________________________________

2 A letter is chosen at random from the word MATHEMATICS. Find the following
probabilities.
a Pr(T) b Pr(not T)
________________________________ _____________________________________
________________________________ _____________________________________
 c Pr(vowel)
________________________________
________________________________
e Pr(vowel or an M)
________________________________
________________________________
d Pr(consonant)
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
f Pr(vowel or consonant)
_____________________________________
_____________________________________

3 An experiment involves tossing three biased coins and counting the number of tails.
Here are the results after running the experiment 100 times.

Number of tails 0 1 2 3
Frequency 22 18 33 27

Find the experimental probability of obtaining:

a no tails b 2 tails
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________________________________ _____________________________________

c fewer than 2 tails d at least 2 tails

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________________________________ _____________________________________

4 A number is chosen from the set of positive integers between 1 and 12 inclusive. If A is
the set of odd numbers between 1 and 12 inclusive and B is the set of prime numbers
between 1 and 12 inclusive:
a List the following sets.
i The sample space ii A
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iii B
 ________________________________

b Draw a Venn diagram.

c List the sets:

i AB ii AB
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iii A
'
iv B only
________________________________ ________________________________

d Find:
i n(A) ii Pr(A)
________________________________ ________________________________
iii n(A  B) iv Pr(A  B)
________________________________ ________________________________

5 A survey of 30 students found that 17 like Pepsi and 12 like Coke. Four people like both
Pepsi and Coke and 5 like neither Pepsi nor Coke. Let A be the event that a student
likes Pepsi and B be the event that a student likes Coke.

a Use the space provided to construct a Venn diagram to represent the survey
results.
 b Find:

i n(A  B) ______________________________
ii n(A  B) ______________________________

c If one of the 30 students was randomly selected, find the probability that the
following events occur.

i A
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ii AB
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iii AB
_______________________________________________________________

d Are the events A and B mutually exclusive? Why/why not?

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6 Diana purchased one dozen (12) bread rolls from the bakery. Eight of the bread rolls
have poppy seeds, 7 have sesame seeds and 4 have both poppy and sesame seeds. Let
A be the event a bread roll contains sesame seeds and B be the event a bread roll
contains poppy seeds.
a Illustrate the situation by completing the following two-way table.

Sesame No sesame Total

(A) (A’)
Poppy
(B)
No poppy
(B’)
Total
 b Find:
i n(A  B) ii n(A′  B)
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iii n(A  B′) iv n(A′  B′)
___________________________ ___________________________
v n(A) vi n(B′)
___________________________ ___________________________
vii n(A  B)
___________________________

c Find:
i Pr(A  B)
________________________________________________________
ii Pr(A′)
________________________________________________________
iii Pr(A  B′)
________________________________________________________

7 This Venn diagram shows the distribution of elements in sets A and B.

a Transfer the information in the Venn diagram into a two-way table.

A A′

B′
 b Find:
i n(A  B) ii n(A′  B)
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iii n(A  B′) iv n(A′  B′)
___________________________ ___________________________
v n(A) vi n(B′)
___________________________ ___________________________
vii n(A  B)
___________________________

c Find:
i Pr(A  B)
________________________________________________________
ii Pr(A′)
________________________________________________________
iii Pr(A  B′)
________________________________________________________

8 Two events A and B are such that Pr(A) = 0.3, Pr(B) = 0.6 and Pr(A ∪ B) = 0.8. Find:
a Pr(A  B) b Pr(A′  B′)

________________________________ _____________________________________
________________________________ _____________________________________
________________________________ _____________________________________
________________________________ _____________________________________
9 Consider the following Venn diagram displaying the number of elements belonging to
the events A and B.

Find the following probabilities:

a Pr(A) b Pr(A  B)
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c Pr(AB) d Pr(BA)
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e State whether or not the events A and B are independent.

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10 From the 20 members of a ski club, 13 like skiing, 15 like snowboarding and 9 like
both skiing and snowboarding. A ski club member is chosen at random. Let A be the
event ‘the person likes skiing’ and B be the event ‘the person likes snowboarding’.
a Represent the information in a two-way table.

A A′

B
 B′

b Find the probability that the person only likes snowboarding.

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___________________________________________________________________________
c Find the probability that the person likes snowboarding given that they like
skiing.
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d Find the probability that the person likes skiing given that they like
snowboarding.
___________________________________________________________________________
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11 Two six-sided dice, numbered 1 to 6, are rolled.

a List the sample space using a table.
Die 2
1 2 3 4 5 6
1
2
3
 4

Die 1
5
6

b Find the probability of obtaining the outcome (4, 2).

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

c Find:
i Pr(sum of at least 7)
____________________________________________
ii Pr(sum not equal to 7)
____________________________________________

d Find the probability of a sum of 8, given that the sum is at least 6.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

12 Two letters are chosen from the word DATA without replacement
a Construct a table to list the sample space.
Letter 2
D A T A
D
Letter 1

A
T
 A

b Find the probability of:

i obtaining the outcome (D, T)
____________________________________________
ii selecting a A and a T
____________________________________________
iii selecting two As
____________________________________________
iv selecting two As given that at
____________________________________________
least one A is selected
13 A bag contains 5 red (R) and 3 white (W) marbles and two marbles are selected
without replacement.
a Draw a tree diagram showing all outcomes and probabilities.

b Find the probability of selecting:

i a red marble and then a white marble
_____________________________________
ii 2 red marbles
_____________________________________
 iii exactly 1 red marble
_____________________________________

c If the experiment was repeated with replacement, find the answers to each
question in part b.
i a red marble and then a white marble
_____________________________________
ii 2 red marbles
_____________________________________
iii exactly 1 red marble
_____________________________________

14 Two letters are selected from the word TWO without replacement.
a List all possible outcomes for the selection by completing the following tree
diagram.

b Find the probability of selecting T and O, in any order.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
c Find the probability of obtaining an outcome with W in it.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

d Find the probability of selecting T or W.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

15 From events 𝐴 and 𝐵 in the given Venn diagrams and Two-Way Table:
a.

i Find Pr(𝐴) and Pr(𝐴|𝐵).

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

ii Hence, decide whether or not events 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

b.
 i Find Pr(𝐴) and Pr(𝐴|𝐵).
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

ii Hence, decide whether or not events 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent.

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

c.

i Find Pr(𝐴) and Pr(𝐴|𝐵).

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

ii Hence, decide whether or not events 𝐴 and 𝐵 are independent.

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Checklist for Probability

I CAN …. Check 

determine the probabilities of different events.

calculate and use an experimental probability.

draw Venn Diagrams and Two-way Tables to find associated probabilities.

use set notation to find different probabilities.

apply the addition rule to find unknown probabilities.

determine whether events are mutually exclusive.

use a Venn diagram or two-way table to determine a conditional probability.

construct a table to systematically display the outcomes of a two-step experiment and calculate
probabilities from a sample space in a table.
describe the difference between ‘with replacement’ and ‘without replacement’ and their impact on
the possible outcomes of a two-step experiment.
construct Tree Diagrams and determine probabilities from those events (with or without
replacement).
determine mathematically if two events are independent.