RATIOS & MIXTURES

1. The ratio of ages of a father and son is 17:7. 6 years ago the ratio of their ages was 3:1. What is
the father's present age?
(A) 64 (B) 54 (C) 51 (D) 48 (E) 34
2. The ratio of Elaine’s weekly salary to Carl’s weekly salary is 3:2. If Elaine gets a 20% raise and
Carl gets a $200 raise, the ratio of their salaries will drop to 6:5.
What is Elaine’s salary?
(A) $200 (B) $400 (C) $480 (D) $600 (E) $720
3. At a certain school, the ratio of the number of second graders to the number of fourth graders is
8 to 5, and the ratio of the number of first graders to the number of second graders is 3 to 4. If
the ratio of the number of third graders to the number of fourth graders is 3 to 2, what is the
ratio of the number of first graders to the number of third graders?
(A) 16 to 15 (B) 9 to 5 (C) 5 to 16 (D) 5 to 4 (E) 4 to 5
4. Narcisse and Aristide have numbers of arcade tokens in the ratio 7 : 3, respectively. Narcisse
gives Aristide some of his tokens, and the new ratio is 6 : 5. What is the least number of tokens
that Narcisse could have given to Aristide?
(A) 9 (B) 17 (C) 21 (D) 27 (E) 53
5. A total of 5 liters of gasoline is to be poured into two empty containers with capacities of 2
liters and 6 liters, respectively, such that both containers will be filled to the same percent of
their respective capacities. What amount of gasoline, in liters, must be poured into the 6-liter
container?
1 3 1
(A) 4 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 3 (E) 1
2 4 4
6. Sixty percent of the rats included in an experiment were female rats. If some of the rats died
during an experiment and 70 percent of the rats that died were male rats, what was the ratio of
the death rate among the male rats to the death rate among the female rats?
(A) 7 : 2
(B) 7 : 3
(C) 2 : 7
(D) 3 : 7
(E) Can't be determined from the information given
7. Five percent of a certain grass seed is timothy. If the amount of the mixture needed to plant
one acre contains 2 pounds of timothy, how many acres can be planted with 240 pounds of the
seed mixture?
(A) 6 (B) 12 (C) 20 (D) 24 (E) 120
8. In the standard formulation of a flavored drink the ratio by volume of flavoring to corn syrup to
water is 1 : 12 : 30. In the "sport" formulation, the ratio of flavoring to corn syrup is three times
as great as in the standard formulation, and the ratio of flavoring to water is half that of the
standard formulation. If a large bottle of the "sport" formulation contains 3 ounces of corn
syrup, how many ounces of water does it contain?
(A) 45 (B) 50 (C) 55 (D) 60 (E) 63
9. The ratio, by volume, of soap to alcohol to water in a certain solution is 2:50:100. The solution
will be altered so that the ratio of soap to alcohol is doubled while the ratio of soap to water is
halved. If the altered solution will contain 100 cubic centimeters of alcohol, how many cubic
centimeters of water will it contain?
(A) 50 (B) 200 (C) 400 (D) 625 (E) 800
10. According to the directions on a can of frozen orange juice concentrate, 1 can of concentrate is
to be mixed with 3 cans of water to make an orange juice. How many 12 ounce cans of
concentrate are required to prepare 200 6-ounce servings of orange juice.
(A) 25 (B) 34 (C) 50 (D) 67 (E) 100
11. A 30% alcohol mixture is added to a 50% alcohol mixture to form a 10 litre mixture of 45%
alcohol. How much of the 30% mixture was used?
(A) 1.5 liters (B) 2.5 liters (C) 3.5 liters (D) 4.5 liters (E) 5.5 liters
12. Seed mixture X is 40 percent ryegrass and 60 percent bluegrass by weight; seed mixture Y is 25
percent ryegrass and 75 % fescue. If a mixture of X and Y contains 30% ryegrass, what percent of
the weight of the mixture is X?
1 2
(A) 10% (B) 33 % (C) 40% (D) 50% (E) 66 %
3 3
13. Two mixtures A and B contain milk and water in the ratios 2:5 and 5:4 respectively. How many
gallons of A must be mixed with 90 gallons of B so that the resultant mixture contains 40% milk?
(A) 144 (B) 122.5 (C) 105.10 (D) 72 (E) 134
14. Two containers of equal capacity are full of a mixture of oil and water . In the first, the ratio of
oil to water is 4:7 and in the second it is 7:11. Now both the mixtures are mixed in a bigger
container. What is the resulting ratio of oil to water.
(A) 149 : 247 (B) 247 : 149 (C) 143 : 241 (D) 241 : 143
15. Two alloys A and B are composed of two basic elements. The ratios of the compositions of the
two basic elements in the two alloys are 5 : 3 and 1 : 2, respectively. A new alloy X is formed by
mixing the two alloys A and B in the ratio 4 : 3. What is the ratio of the composition of the two
basic elements in alloy X ?
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 2 : 3 (C) 5 : 2 (D) 4 : 3 (E) 7 : 9
16. Jug contains water and orange juice in the ratio 5 : 7. Another jug contains water and orange
juice in ratio 7 : 2. In what proportion should these 2 liquids be mixed to give a water and
orange juice in ratio 3 : 4
(A) 4 : 5 (B) 85 : 3 (C) 88 : 3 (D) 2 : 3 (E) 87 : 7
17. A rabbit on a controlled diet is fed daily 300 grams of a mixture of two foods, food X and food Y.
Food X contains 10% protein and food Y contains 15% protein. If the rabbit's diet provides exactly
38 grams of protein daily, how many grams of food X are in the mixture?
(A) 100 (B) 140 (C) 150 (D) 160 (E) 200
18. Fresh grapes contain 90% by weight while dried grapes contain 20% water by weight. What is the
weight of dry grapes available from 20 kg of fresh grapes?
(A) 2 kg (B) 2.4 kg (C) 2.5 kg (D) 10 kg (E) None of these
19. If 200 lb of a mixture contains 80% husk and 20% sand. Then how much husk needs to be
extracted in order to have 75% concentration of Husk?
1 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) 40 (E) 60
4 3 2
20. 24 oz of juice P and 25 oz of juice V are mixed to make smoothies X and Y. The ratio of P to V in
smothie X is 4 is to 1 and that in Y is 1 is to 5. How many ounces of juice P are contained in the
smothie X?
(A) 5 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20 (E) 25
21. Three quarts of a bleaching chemical, Minum, contains 5 percent hydrogen peroxide and water.
A different type of bleaching chemical, Maxim, which contains 20 percent hydrogen peroxide,
will be mixed with the three quarts of Minum. How much of type Maxim should be added to the
three quarts of Minum so that the resulting mixture contains 15 percent hydrogen peroxide?
(A) 3 quarts (B) 3.75 quarts (C) 4.5 quarts (D) 6 quarts (E) 9 quarts

AR-201 2 Arithmetic
22. A container holds 4 quarts of alcohol and 4 quarts of water. How many quarts of water must be
added to the container to create a mixture that is 3 parts alcohol to 5 parts water by volume?
4 5 7 8 10
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
3 3 3 3 3
23. If 12 ounces of a strong vinegar solution are diluted with 50 ounces of water to form a three-
percent vinegar solution, what was the concentration of the original solution?
(A) 19.3% (B) 17% (C) 16.67% (D) 15.5% (E) 12.5%
24. Solution Y is 30 percent liquid X and 70 percent water. If 2 kilograms of water evaporate from 8
kilograms of solutions Y and 2 kilograms of solution Y are added to the remaining 6 kilograms of
liquid, what percent of this new liquid solution is liquid X?
1 1
(A) 30% (B) 33 % (C) 37 % (D) 40% (E) 50%
3 2
25. A tank contains 10,000 gallons of a solution that is 5 percent sodium chloride by volume. If 2,500
gallons of water evaporate from the tank, the remaining solution will be approximately what
percent sodium chloride?
(A) 1.25% (B) 3.75% (C) 6.25% (D) 6.67% (E) 11.7%
26. Four-ninths of a drink mix is dye and the rest is sugar. When the mix is added to water a gallon
of drink is made that is 7.5% sugar. What percentage of the gallon is dye?
(A) 6 (B) 6.5 (C) 7.5 (D) 8 (E) 24
27. How many kgs of tea worth Rs.25/kg must be blended with 30 kgs of tea worth Rs.30/kg so that
by selling the blended variety at Rs.30/kg there should be a gain of 10%.
(A) 36 (B) 40 (C) 32 (D) 42 (E) 45
28. If grapes are 92% water and raisins are 20% water, then how much did a quantity of raisins,
which currently weighs 10 pounds, weigh when all the raisins were grapes? (Assume that the only
difference between their raisin-weight and their grape-weight is water that evaporated during
their transformation.)
(A) 25 pounds (B) 46 pounds (C) 92 pounds (D) 100 pounds (E) 146 pounds
29. A spirit and water solution is sold in a market. The cost per liter of the solution is directly
proportional to the part (fraction) of spirit (by volume) the solution has. A solution of 1 liter of
spirit and 1 liter of water costs 50 cents. How many cents does a solution of 1 liter of spirit and
2 liters of water cost?
(A) 13 (B) 33 (C) 50 (D) 51 (E) 52
30. Five kilograms of oranges contained 98% of water. If the next day the concentration of water
decreased by 2%, what was the new weight of the oranges, in kilograms?
(A) 4.9 (B) 4.8 (C) 2.5 (D) 2 (E) 0.2
31. A tank holds x gallons of a saltwater solution that is 20% salt by volume. One Fourth of the water
is evaporated, leaving all of the salt. When 10 Gallons of water and 20 gallons of salt are added,
1
the resulting mixture is 33 % salt by volume. What is the value of x?
3
(A) 37.5 (B) 75 (C) 100 (D) 150 (E) 175
32. A 20 kg metal bar made of alloy of tin and silver lost 2 kg of its weight in the water. 10 kg of tin
loses 1.375 kg in the water; 5 kg of silver loses 0.375 kg. What is the ratio of tin to silver in the
bar?
1 2 1 3 2
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
4 5 2 5 3
33. If two different solutions of alcohol with a respective proportion of water to alcohol of 3:1 and
2:3 were combined, what is the concentration of alcohol in the new solution if the original
solutions were mixed in equal amounts?
(A) 30.0% (B) 36.6% (C) 42.5% (D) 44.4% (E) 60.0%

AR-201 3 Arithmetic
34. Mary’s annual income is $15,000 and John’s annual income is $18,000. By how much must Mary’s
annual income increase so that it constitutes 55% of Mary and John’s combined income?
(A) $3,000 (B) $4,000 (C) $7,000 (D) $11,000 (E) $25,000
35. A portion of the 85% solution of chemicals was replaced with an equal amount of 20% solution of
chemicals. As a result, 40% solution of chemicals resulted. What part of the original solution was
replaced?
5 6 9 13 13
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
13 13 13 9 6
36. A Jar contains a mixture of A & B in the ratio 4:1. When 10 L of Mixture is replaced with liquid B,
ratio becomes 2:3. How many liters of liquid A was present in mixture initially?
(A) 12 (B) 15 (C) 16 (D) 20 (E) 25
37. If a portion of a half water/half alcohol mix is replaced with 25% alcohol solution, resulting in a
30% alcohol solution, what percentage of the original alcohol was replaced?
(A) 3% (B) 20% (C) 66% (D) 75% (E) 80%
38. A 100-litre mixture of milk and water contains 36 litres of milk. 'x' litres of this mixture is
removed and replaced with an equal quantum of water. If the process is repeated once, then
the concentration of the milk stands reduced at 25%. What is the value of x?
(A) 17.5 litres (B) 16.67 litres (C) 17.67 litres (D) 16.5 litres (E) 16 litres
39. A 48 lts container containing liquid A and B contains 25% liquid A. A few lts of the mixture is
released and replaced with equal amount of Liquid B. If this process is repeated once, the
cylinder is found to contain 16% liquid A. How many lts of the mixture was released each time?
(A) 4.8 (B) 9.6 (C) 7.68 (D) 9 (E) None of the Above
40. A dessert recipe calls for 50% melted chocolate and 50% raspberry puree to make a particular
sauce. A chef accidentally makes 15 cups of the sauce with 40% melted chocolate and 60%
raspberry puree instead. How many cups of the sauce does he need to remove and replace with
pure melted chocolate to make the sauce the proper 50% of each?
(A) 1.5 (B) 2.5 (C) 3 (D) 4.5 (E) 5
41. 15 lts are taken of from a container full of liquid A and replaced with Liquid B. Again 15 more lts
of the mixture is taken and replaced with liquid B. After this process, if the container contains
Liquid A and B in the ratio 9:16. What is the capacity of the container?
(A) 45 (B) 25 (C) 37.5 (D) 36 (E) 42

ANSWER KEY
1. (C) 2. (D) 3. (E) 4. (B) 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. (A) 8. (A) 9. (E) 10. (A)
11. (B) 12. (B) 13. (B) 14. (A) 15. (A) 16. (C) 17. (B) 18. (C) 19. (D) 20. (D)
21. (D) 22. (D) 23. (D) 24. (C) 25. (D) 26. (A) 27. (A) 28. (D) 29. (B) 30. (C)
31. (D) 32. (E) 33. (C) 34. (C) 35. (C) 36. (C) 37. (E) 38. (B) 39. (B) 40. (B)
41. (C)

AR-201 4 Arithmetic