Chapter 21

Electromagnetic Waves
1. Answer (1) 7. Answer (4)
2. Answer (1) According to electromagnetic spectrum D, B, A, C
By the principle of reversibility, we can take the 8. Answer (3)
same current through the bigger coil and calculate
the flux through smaller coil.   z 
E1  E01xˆ cos  2  – t   air
2  c 
0 2  i R
B  
4 (R 2  x 2 )3/2 E2  E02 xˆ cos k  2z – ct   medium

107  2  2    (20  102 )2 During refraction, frequency remains unchanged,

=
[(20  10 2 )2  (15  102 )2 ]3/2 whereas wavelength gets changed.
 k' = 2k (From equations)
107  2  2    4  102
= 2  2 
(25  102 )3  2 
 '
= 1.024 × 10–6 T  0 
 = 1.024 × 10–6 × (0.3 × 10–2)2 0
 ' 
= 9.1 × 10–11 weber 2
3. Answer (2) c
 v
2
E
 c E = cB = 3 × 108 × 20 × 10–9 = 6 V/m 1 1 1
B   
0  2 2 0 1
4. Answer (3)
Energy is equally divided between electric and 1 1
 
magnetic field 2 4
5. Answer (4) 9. Answer (2)
(a) Infrared rays are used to treat muscular strain 
 E
(b) Radiowaves are used for broadcasting B kˆ
c
(c) X-rays are used to detect fracture of bones
6.3
(d) Ultraviolet rays are absorbed by ozone  kˆ
3  108
6. Answer (2)
 2.1 10 8 kˆ
P
I  Uav  c ...(i) 10. Answer (3)
4r 2
1 1
Uav  0E02 ...(ii) UE  0 E 2
2 2

P 1 1 B2
   E2  c UB  
4 r 2 2 0 0 2 0

2P UE E 2
 E0   2.45 V/m   0 0
4r 2 0c UB B 2

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UE 15. Answer (1)

 c 2 0  0
UB 1
0 E02  I
2
1
c P
0  0 I
Ac
11. Answer (2)
1 27  103
Maximum angular frequency = 6.28 × 107 × 3 × E02   9  10 12 
2 A  3  108
108 rad/s
 fmax = 3 × 1015 Hz 9  10 8  2  10 3
E02 
9  10 12  10 5
34 15
6.6  10  3  10
Emax  h fmax  eV
1.6  1019 E02  2  106
= 12.375 eV  12.38 eV E0 = 1.4 × 103 V/m
 KEmax = 12.38 –4.7  7.7 eV = 1.4 kV/m
12. Answer (2) 16. Answer (3)
Em = CBm = 3 × 108 × 100 × 10–6 = 3×104 N/C
1 1
v  , c
13. Answer (4)  0 0 0
 
E.B  0 v 0
  
 B is in xz plane c 0
 

E  B is parallel to 6iˆ  8kˆ  I2 
1 2
2
E 2  v

let B   xiˆ  zkˆ  1
I1   0 E12  c
2
then, jˆ   xiˆ  zkˆ   6iˆ  8kˆ
I2  E2 v
   22 
 z = 6 and x = –8 I1  0 E1 c
 1
 B
C
 
6kˆ  8iˆ cos (6x + 8z – 10ct)
 0.96 
c 2 E22 v
 
v 2 E12 c
14. Answer (2) 0.96
  E12  E22
1 
C
 0 0 0.96
 E2   E0
1 1.5
V
k  0 0 = 0.8 × (30)
= 24 V/m
C
 k n 17. Answer (2)
V
1 1 B02 108
0E02C  0 kE 2V 
2 2 20 c
E0 2  108  4   107
 n B0 
E 3  108
Similarly, B0
Brms =
B0 1 2

B n out of given option, option (2) is correct.

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18. Answer (4) 22. Answer (3)

  0   0  E0
   1 
  LT   0  C
 0   0 0  B0

E0
 q2  B0 
F C
40 r 2

Given that E  E0 cos(kz )cos(t )iˆ
 AT 2
 [0 ]   E
MLT 2   L2  E  0 cos  kz – t  iˆ – cos  kz  t  iˆ 
2
 0 
  LT    A M L T  Correspondingly
1 2 1 3 4
 
 0 
 B
B  0 cos  kz – t  ˆj – cos  kz  t  ˆj 
= [M–1L–2T3A2] 2
19. Answer (3)  B
B  0  2 sin kz sint
E0 6 2
B0   8
 2  10 8 T
c 3  10  E 
B   0 sin kz sin t  jˆ
Propagation direction = Eˆ  Bˆ C 
23. Answer (1)
iˆ  ˆj  Bˆ
E  E0 sin( t  6 y  8 z )
 Bˆ  kˆ
20. Answer (1) 8kˆ  6 ˆj  4kˆ  3 ˆj 
sˆ   
Amplitude of electric field, E = B0C 10  5 

24. Answer (3)

 1.6  106  5  3  108
As we know t = RC
 4.8  102 5 V/m
  L
Also, E  B is along –kˆ (the direction of propagation) t
R
 V
 E  4.8  10 cos(2  10 z  6  10 t )(iˆ  2 ˆj ) C
2 7 15
R2 1
m L
21. Answer (1)
 L 0
R 
E1  CB1 C 0

E2  CB2 25. Answer (3)
 E0 60
Also, E1  E2 B0   8
 2  10 –7 T
c 3  10
  = 23.9 ×109 Hz
Fnet  E12  E22
2   = 2 = 2 × 3.142 × 23.9 × 109
10 4 = 1.5 × 1011 s–1
  3  108  30  10 6   1.5  1011
2 c k  
 k  c 3  108
90  108  10 10
 = 0.5 × 103
2 
 B  2  10 –7 sin  0.5  103 z – 1.5  1011t  iˆ
 0.6 N

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26. Answer (3)      

F  q(E1  E2 )  qv  (B1  B2 )

B  3  108 sin 1.6  103 x  48  1010 t  ˆj T If t = 0 and x = y = 0

E0  B0  C  3  108  3  108  9 V/m F  qE0 (0.8iˆ  ˆj  0.2kˆ )

 E  9 sin 1.6  103 x  48  1010 t  kˆ V/m 30. Answer (1)
 
27. Answer (1) E .B 0

E at t = 0 at z = k is given by
  iˆ  jˆ
E  B is along
 E E 2
E  0  iˆ  jˆ  cos[ ]   0  iˆ  jˆ 
2 2
31. Answer (2)
 
FE  qE
B2
  1.02  108
 Force due to electric field, FE is antiparallel to 20

iˆ  jˆ  B2 = (1.02 × 10–8) × 2 0
.
2 1 1
Also,  C  0 
   0 0 2
C 0
Fmag  q v  B 

2 8 4  9  109
 B0 ˆ ˆ  B  (1.02  10 )2 
B (at t = 0, z = k) is  i  j  9  1016
2
 B  160 nT

ˆ B0  iˆ  ˆj  which is antiparallel
 Fmag  q v 0 k 
32. Answer (3)
2

C  B
= E 
 iˆ  jˆ 
to
2  
 (i  j )
= k
2
   iˆ  jˆ
 Fnet  FE  FB is Antiparallel to
2  i  j 
=  
28. Answer (4)  2 
   33. Answer (2)
E  B C
  
 |E| = |B|  C E  B || C
 Hence, B̂ should be in k̂ direction.
 | E | = 5 × 10–8 × 3 × 108 = 15 N/C

 1
E  15 iˆ V/m Also, E0  B0C, C  0  0
29. Answer (3)

     B  E0 0 0 cos kx kˆ
F  qE  q(V  B)

  34. Answer (3)

E E
B1  0 kˆ cos(t  kx ) & B2  0 iˆ cos(t  ky )
c c Theoretical

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35. Answer (3) 40. Answer (11.00)

  
E  B is along C hc 1240
E  PV  4eV  0
 310
Eˆ  Bˆ  Cˆ
6.4  10 5
 E0 N 19
s 1  1014 per sec
 B  – xˆ  yˆ  sin  kz – t  4  1.6  10
C
N
36. Answer (3)  Photoelectrons/s =  1011
103
1 41. Answer (194)
C X
 0 0
1
 I= 0E02 c
2
E
C Y
B
2I
 E0 = 0 c
 = RC = t
 [X] = [Y] = [Z]
E0 I
37. Answer (2)  Erms = 
2 0 c
Theory based
38. Answer (1) 315 1
= 
  8.86  10  3  108
–12

B  3  10 –8 sin  200  y  ct   iˆ T

 = 194
 Wave is travelling along –y direction with B
pointing along x-axis 42. Answer (15)

V n  r r  2
E0  cB0  9
m
c 3  108
  v  = 15 × 107 m/s
E  B gives direction of propagation of n 2

wave, so E must be along –z axis. 43. Answer (4)
Source of Gamma Rays is radioactive decay
 source X-Ray is transition of inner shell electron
 
E  9 sin 200  y  ct   – kˆ
V
m and that of microwave is magnetron.
44. Answer (667)
39. Answer (3)
Assuming relative permeability of the medium to be 1.

B = 1.2 × 10–7 sin(0.5 × 103x + 1.5 × 10111t) kˆ T.
n= r r = 1.5

Wave is travelling along –x axis and B is along
c
+z axis. u=  2  108 m/s
n
V
E0 = cB0 = 36 u 2  108
m =  m
f 3  109

E must be along –y axis
= 666.67 × 10–2 cm
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45. Answer (2)

jc ic / A tan t 1
P 1 jd = id / A = = 1
I  0 E 02  c k RC 80  2  900   0
4r 2 2 = 10 6 4
52. Answer (3)
1
 P 2 P E02
E0    I= =
 2 cr 
2 4r 2 20C
 0 
P
E0 
2 0 c N r
 E0 
10  C
P2 3
46. Answer (137) E2 = E1 = E0
P1 5
P 1
I  0 E02  c 53. Answer (1)
2 2
4r
E0  B0 c
0.0125  1000 1
   8.85  1012  3  108 E02  E0 = 2 × 10–8 × 3 × 108 V/m
4  3.14  22 2

 E0  13.69 V/m  E0 = 6 V/m

  
47. Answer (1) S  E B
 
E .B  0  Electric field vector at given point of time
should point toward positive y-axis.
 
E  B is along positive y-direction 54. Answer (1)
   
E E  B points along C
  3  108 m/s
B y

48. Answer (2) 

C
Ue = Um
 x
49. Answer (4)  B
E
  = c = constant
 Red light and blue light have different
frequencies and different wavelengths. z
55. Answer (2)
50. Answer (25)
Direction of propagation of wave = Direction of
I  
F A E B
c
= Direction of E0 iˆ  B0 kˆ
6 8
2.5  10  3  10 W = Direction of E0B0 (  ˆj )
I = 25
30 cm2
  ĵ
51. Answer (6)
56. Answer (1)
V0
ic = sin t I 1
R  0 .E02
C 2
d  v0 
id = k 0  sin t A  2l
dt  d   E0 
C 0
k 0 A v 0  cos t
=
d E0 E
 C  B0  0
= kCv0 cost B0 C

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We know
2I 2  0.092
 Β0  
0 C3 8.85  10 –12  27  10 24  10  1010 1000
v    108
k 500 500
= 2.77 × 10–8 T = 2 × 108
57. Answer (4) 2
 (3  108 )
3
E  3.1 cos 5.4  106 t  1.8 z  iˆ N/C
2
Since it is reflected by z = a, so z will be replaced  C
3
by (2a – z) also there would be phase change of .
61. Answer (2)
Er  3.1 cos 5.4  106 t  1.8(2a  z )    iˆ |E| = E0sin (t + )
|B| = B0sin (t + )
Er  3.1 cos 5.4  10 6 t  1.8 z  3.6a  iˆ
B B0 1
Answer is dependent on a so none of option  
E E0 C
matches.
|B| = 2 × 10–8 T
2 2 62. Answer (500)
k   3.5 units
 1.8 Energy U = Energy density × V

1
58. Answer (2) 5.5  1012  0 E02  V
2
c 3  108 m/s
v  5.5  1012  2
 r r 1 81 V  m3  500 cm3
8.8  1012  2500
1 63. Answer (2)
  108 m/s
3  
At given positions value of E and B is same
  
= 3.33 × 107 m/s
Force on 1 = 4  E  V  B  
59. Answer (3)
  
E
Force on 2 = 2 E  V  B  
B
c Force on 1
So 2 : 1
  Force on 2
F  e(v  B )
64. Answer (2)
eE 2  1010
 ·v
c Speed of light in medium 
200
= 108 m/s
1.6  10 19  800

10 c

3
= 1280 × 10–20
1
c
= 1.28 × 10–17 N  0 0

60. Answer (2) 1

V 

E = 50 sin (500 – 10 × 1010 t) V/m

 = 10 × 1010  3  
0 0
k = 500  Dielectric constant = 9

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65. Answer (3) On solving

H = 4.5 × 10–2   
H  0.8 sin(kz  t )ay  1.2 sin(kz  t )ax
So B = m 0mH
69. Answer (1)
c
Thus E  B (where n  refractive index) UV rays are used to sterilize surgical material.
n
Microwaves are used in radar system, infrared are
used for green house effect and X-rays are used to
3  108  4  107  1.61 4.5  10 2
So E  study crystal structure.
1.61 6.44
70. Answer (3)
E = 8.48
In a material medium speed of light is given by
66. Answer (2) 1
v . So statement 2 is false.
1  0  r 0  r
I  0E02 c
2
71. Answer (2)
1 E0 = 2.25 V/m
 8.5  1012  (56.5)2  3  108
2 B0 = 1.5 × 10–8 T
= 4.24 W/m2 E0
  1.5  108 m/s
67. Answer (1) B0

c 3  Refractive index = 2
n 
v 2 Distance to be travelled = 6 km

  n 6  103
Time taken = 8
 4  105 s
1.5  10
9
So   2.25  Option (B) is correct
4
72. Answer (2)
68. Answer (3)
In first 3 options speed of light is 3 × 108 m/sec and
We know
in the fourth option it is 4 × 108 m/sec.
  
B C  E Using

 E = CB
Taking cross product of C both the sides
We can check the option is B.
    
C  (B  C )  C  E 73. Answer (43)

  1 1
 C E I 0 E02  c  0  cB0  c
2
So B  2 2
C2
 1
C  Ckˆ  I 0 c 3 B02
2

E  301.6 sin( kz  t )aˆ x  452.4 sin( kz  t )aˆy
  
1 3
 0.22  8.85  10 –12 3  108 B02
2

 B
and H   B0  43  10–9T
0

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PHYSICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

74. Answer (8) 3. Energy is equally divided

  
E0 A dV 4. V  E /B
4.425 A = 
d dt
79. Answer (A)
8.85  1012  40  104
 d  106
4.425  106 1 1
V  
  r  r  0 0
 d = 8 × 10–3 m

 x=8 c
 V2   108 m/s
9
75. Answer (1)

c = 3 × 108 m/sec 80. Answer (4)

Speed of light
E 540
B   18  107 T
c 3  108  4  108
c   0.8  108 m/sec
76. Answer (3) k 5

 1.5  1011 So E0 = cB0

Speed of light c    3  108 m/sec
k 0.5  103 = 0.8 × 108 × 5 × 10–6

So, E0 = B0c = 400 V/m

= 2 × 10–8 × 3 × 108
= 4 × 10–2
= 6 V/m
81. Answer (2)
Direction will be along z-axis
Wavelength of microwave is maximum then visible
light then X-rays and then gamma rays so the
77. Answer (C)
correct order will be
 gamma-ray < X-ray < visible < microwave
| qE |
Ratio   
| qv  B | 82. Answer (3)

E v wave 
  1
vB v  obs   source C

1
3  108 C
 Ratio   10
3  107 For  << C,

78. Answer (B) 670.7 

 1
670 C
In an EM wave :
  0.7
1. E  B    3  108 m/s
670
  
2. V  E B    3.13  10 5 m/s

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