Grade 10 (Physics Definitions) TTC 2023-2024

CHAPTER_ 9
ELECTRICITY
1. Electrostatics (or) Static electricity
Electrostatics is the study of electric charges at rest.
2. Electrodynamics(or) Current electricity
Electrodynamics is the study of moving electric charges and their interaction with
magnetic and electric fields.
3. Electric charge (Q)
Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes an electric force when
placed in an electromagnetic field.
4. Bound electrons
The inner electrons are tightly bound by the nucleus. The electrons closer to the nucleus
are called bound electrons.
5. Free electrons
The outer electrons are loosely bound by the nucleus and are called free electrons.
6. Conductor
The substance which has plenty of free electrons is called a conductor.
7. Insulator
The substance which has very few (or) no free electrons is called an insulator.
8. Semiconductor
Some substances which contain a moderate amount of free electrons are called
semiconductors.
9. Charging by friction
If two uncharged objects are rubbed with one another both of them become charged.
This is called charging by fraction.
10. Induction
Induction is the process of charging a conductor without any contact with the charged body.
11. Law of conservation of electric charge
The net electric charge in an isolated system remains constant.