Prof.H.R.

Deshmane
Cloud Computing
 For example, a single hardware server can be
divided into multiple servers
• Advantages :
• It is easier to get backup in cloud.
• It allows us easy and quick access stored
information anywhere and anytime.
• It allows us to access data via mobile.
• It reduces both hardware ad Software cost, and it
is easily maintainable.
• One of the biggest advantage of Cloud Computing
is Database Security.
• Disadvantages :
• It requires good internet connection.
• User have limited control on the data.
History of cloud computing
History of Cloud Computing
Characteristics of Cloud Computing
 Characteristics of Cloud Computing
There are many characteristics of Cloud Computing here are few of them :
• On-demand self-services: The Cloud computing services does not require any
human administrators, user themselves are able to provision, monitor and
manage computing resources as needed.
• Broad network access: The Computing services are generally provided over
standard networks and heterogeneous devices.
• Rapid elasticity: The Computing services should have IT resources that are able
to scale out and in quickly and on as needed basis. Whenever the user require
services it is provided to him and it is scale out as soon as its requirement gets
over.
• Resource pooling: The IT resource (e.g., networks, servers, storage,
applications, and services) present are shared across multiple applications and
occupant in an uncommitted manner. Multiple clients are provided service
from a same physical resource.
• Measured service: The resource utilization is tracked for each application and
occupant, it will provide both the user and the resource provider with an
account of what has been used. This is done for various reasons like monitoring
billing and effective use of resource.
• Multi-tenancy: Cloud computing providers can support multiple tenants (users
or organizations) on a single set of shared resources.
• Virtualization: Cloud computing providers use virtualization technology
to abstract underlying hardware resources and present them as logical
resources to users.
• Resilient computing: Cloud computing services are typically designed
with redundancy and fault tolerance in mind, which ensures high
availability and reliability.
• Flexible pricing models: Cloud providers offer a variety of pricing
models, including pay-per-use, subscription-based, and spot pricing,
allowing users to choose the option that best suits their needs.
• Security: Cloud providers invest heavily in security measures to protect
their users’ data and ensure the privacy of sensitive information.
• Automation: Cloud computing services are often highly automated,
allowing users to deploy and manage resources with minimal manual
intervention.
• Sustainability: Cloud providers are increasingly focused on sustainable
practices, such as energy-efficient data centers and the use of
renewable energy sources, to reduce their environmental impact.
 Benefits of Cloud Computing
• Faster time to market
You can spin up new instances or retire them in seconds, allowing
developers to accelerate development with quick deployments. Cloud
computing supports new innovations by making it easy to test new ideas
and design new applications without hardware limitations or slow
procurement processes.
• Scalability and flexibility
Cloud computing gives your business more flexibility. You can quickly
scale resources and storage up to meet business demands without having
to invest in physical infrastructure.
• Cost savings
Whatever cloud service model you choose, you only pay for the resources
you actually use. This helps you avoid overbuilding and overprovisioning
your data center and gives your IT teams back valuable time to focus on
more strategic work.
• Better collaboration
Cloud storage enables you to make data available anywhere you are,
anytime you need it. Instead of being tied to a location or specific
device, people can access data from anywhere in the world from any
device—as long as they have an internet connection.
• Advanced security
Despite popular perceptions, cloud computing can actually strengthen
your security posture because of the depth and breadth of security
features, automatic maintenance, and centralized management.
Reputable cloud providers also hire top security experts and employ the
most advanced solutions, providing more robust protection.
• Data loss prevention
Cloud providers offer backup and disaster recovery features. Storing
data in the cloud rather than locally can help prevent data loss in the
event of an emergency, such as hardware malfunction, malicious
threats, or even simple user error.
 Difference Between Internet and Cloud Computing
Internet Cloud computing
Cloud computing is an internet service that
The internet is a network of networks that
allows the accessing, processing, and storage
encompasses all internet services.
of data.
The internet had its first use as far back as Cloud computing is a new technology that
the 1960s surfaced in the 2000s
The internet is not dependent on Cloud Cloud computing is dependent on the
commuting for its operations internet for its operations
The internet provides software/hardware
Cloud computing is a software infrastructure
infrastructure to establish and maintain
on the internet.
connectivity all over the globe.
The internet consists of different other
internet services such as chat rooms, voice Cloud computing is an internet service itself
over internet protocols (VoIP), etc.
The internet consists of different other
internet services such as chat rooms, voice Cloud computing is an internet service itself
over internet protocols (VoIP), etc.
Evolution of Cloud Computing
1. Distributed Systems
• In the networks, different systems are connected. When they target to send the
message from different independent systems which are physically located in
various places but are connected through the network. Some examples of
distributed systems are Ethernet which is a LAN technology, Telecommunication
network, and parallel processing. The Basic functions of the distributed systems
are −
• Resource Sharing − The Resources like data, hardware, and software can be
shared between them.
• Open-to-all − The software is designed and can be shared.
• Fault Detection − The error or failure in the system is detected and can be
corrected.
2. Mainframe Computing
• It was developed in the year 1951 and provides powerful features. Mainframe
Computing is still in existence due to its ability to deal with a large amount of
data. For a company that needs to access and share a vast amount of data then
this computing is preferred. Among the four types of computers, mainframe
computer performs very fast and lengthy computations easily.
3.Cluster Computing
• In Cluster Computing, the computers are connected to make it a single
computing. The tasks in Cluster computing are performed concurrently
by each computer also known as the nodes which are connected to the
network. So the activities performed by any single node are known to all
the nodes of the computing which may increase the performance,
transparency, and processing speed.
4. Grid Computing
• It was introduced in the year 1990. As the computing structure includes
different computers or nodes, in this case, the different nodes are placed
in different geographical places but are connected to the same network
using the internet
.
5. Web 2.0
• This computing lets the users generate their content and collaborate
with other people or share the information using social media, for
example, Facebook, Twitter, and Orkut. Web 2.0 is a combination of
the second-generation technology World Wide Web (WWW) along
with the web services and it is the computing type that is used today
6. Virtualization
• It came into existence 40 years back and it is becoming the current
technique used in IT firms. It employs a software layer over the
hardware and using this it provides the customer with cloud-based
services.
7. Utility Computing
• Based on the need of the user, utility computing can be used. It
provides the users, company, clients or based on the business need
the data storage can be taken for rent and used.
 Cloud Types

Cloud Types

Cloud Cube
NIST Model Model
1. NIST Model
NIST is National Institute of Standards and Technology

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous,

convenient, on-demand network access to a shared
pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks,
servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be
rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction.

This cloud model is composed of five essential

characteristics, three service models, and four
deployment models
2. Cloud Cube Model
There is an open-group association Jericho Forum & their focus
is on how to protect and secure cloud network. They put forward
a model that helps to categorize a cloud network based on four-
dimensional factors. The figure is drawn below showing the
Cloud Cube model.
As the name Four-Dimensional, the working is also categorized
into four parts viz:

1. Physical Location of Data: The location of data may be

internally or externally which ultimately defines the
organization's boundary.
2. Ownership: Ownership is proprietary or open; is a
measurement for not only ownership of technology but also its
interoperability, use of data & ease of data-transfer & degree of
vendor's application's lock-in.
3. Security Range: is parameterized or de-parameterized; which
measures whether the operations are inside or outside the
security boundary, firewall, etc.
4. Sourcing: In-sourcing or out-sourcing; which defines whether
the customer or the service provider provides the service.
Types of Cloud Computing Models
 Deployment Model
1. Public Cloud
2. Private Cloud
3. Hybrid Cloud
Cloud Computing Service Models
 Cloud Computing Stack
• Cloud computing can be described as a stack
that is formed by layers, similar to a cake.
Those layers will be built using cloud
computing services, servers, and components,
which can leverage several different clouds
forming a single application stack. The
network stability and scalability of the stack
will determine its resilience and high
availability.
 Applications of Cloud Computing
1. Online Data Storage
• Cloud Computing allows storage and access to data like files, images, audio, and
videos on the cloud storage. In this age of big data, storing huge volumes of business
data locally requires more and more space and escalating costs. This is where cloud
storage comes into play, where businesses can store and access data using multiple
devices.
2. Backup and Recovery
• Cloud service providers offer safe storage and backup facility for data and resources
on the cloud. In a traditional computing system, data backup is a complex problem,
and often, in case of a disaster, data can be permanently lost. But with cloud
computing, data can be easily recovered with minimal damage in case of a disaster.
3. Big Data Analysis
• One of the most important applications of cloud computing is its role in extensive
data analysis. The extremely large volume of big data makes it impossible to store
using traditional data management systems. Due to the unlimited storage capacity of
the cloud, businesses can now store and analyze big data to gain valuable business
insights.
4. Testing and Development
• Cloud computing applications provide the easiest approach for testing and development
of products. In traditional methods, such an environment would be time-consuming,
expensive due to the setting up of IT resources and infrastructure, and needed
manpower. However, with cloud computing, businesses get scalable and flexible cloud
services, which they can use for product development, testing, and deployment.
5. Antivirus Applications
• With Cloud Computing comes cloud antivirus software which is stored in the cloud from
where they monitor viruses and malware in the organization’s system and fixes them.
Earlier, organizations had to install antivirus software within their system and detect
security threats.
6. E-commerce Application
• Ecommerce applications in the cloud enable users and e-businesses to respond quickly to
emerging opportunities. It offers a new approach to business leaders to make things
done with minimum amount and minimal time. They use cloud environments to manage
customer data, product data, and other operational systems.
7. Cloud Computing in Education
• E-learning, online distance learning programs, and student information portals are some
of the key changes brought about by applications of cloud computing in the education
sector. In this new learning environment, there’s an attractive environment for learning,
teaching, experimenting provided to students, teachers, and researchers so they can
connect to the cloud of their establishment and access data and information.