MMPC-007

MBA and MBA fBanmn & Finance

MMPC-007: Business Communication

ASSIGNMENT

For

July 2021 and January 2022 Sessions

(Last date of submission for July 2021 Session is 30’ʰ November 2021 and for
January 2022 Session
is 30" April 2022).

School of Management Studies

INDIRA GANDHI NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY MAIDAN GARHI, NEW DELHI — 110 068

ASSIGNMENT

Course Code Course Title Assignement Code Coverage

MMPC-007
Business Communication
MMPC-007/TMA/ 2021-22
All Blocks

Note: Attempt all questions and submit this assignment to the coordinator of your
study centre.
Last date of submission for July 2021 Session is 30" November 2021 and for January
2022 Session is
30" April 2022.

1. Explain the process of communication. How does it influence the process of

sending a message and
receiving the feedback?

2. Differentiate between Upward Communication and Downward communication.

Illustrate your answer
with the help of examples.

3. What is the role of Interpersonal Communication in business organisations?

Explain giving
examples.

4. Why is writing considered to be an important part of Business communication?

Explain.

5. Discuss the importance of technology in Business Communication. Illustrate with

the help of
examples.

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

MMPC-007:

Business Communication

ASSIGNMENT For July 2021 and January 2022 Sessions

Q1- Explain the process of communication. How does it influence the process of
sending a message
and receiving the feedback?
Ans- Process of communication - communication is one of the most integral parts of
any individual
or an organisation. There is a specific way to communicate effectively. Therefore,
it is important
for us to understand the process of human communication so as to avoid the common
errors which take
place in a communication. This unit discusses different models of communication to
understand the
process. There can be a one way communication and a two way communication. We will
discuss
different models to help us develop an understanding of how communication flows

LINEAR CONCEPT OF COMMUNICATION-

The fol1ou'ing 11ve tiindamcntal questions are asked in the early stages of
communication:
• Who says?
• What is said?
• Where is it said?
• To i horn it is said‘?
• Vitli ii hat cffect it is said‘?
The transiiiission of information from a sencler to a reciJ9icnt is considered to
be a one-u'ay
process of communication.A reccii cr 13•ssi ely receii es the messa e ancl acts as
diiectecl or
requested by the sender, according to the linear perspective. The goal of
conununication is to
inani}NI1ate or control the reccii cr. It is assumed that the message reaclics the
receivcr intact
and unchanged as it travels through the medium chosen by the sender. Figure 1 below
is es the
Linear fi"ieu’ of coniiiiurñcation.

d f•1 essabe fv1 essage R ei t n

Figure 1: The Linear A'ieu’

SHANNON -WEAVER MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

C.E. Shannon and W. Weaver were among the first to point out that messages may be
altered or
blocked in the process of communication.Shannon's communication model is based
on a
mathematical or mechanical understanding of the communication process, with the
iiindamental
issue being that the message received does not equal the message sent. Noise, he
said, was to blame
for the gap. Water in 1949, the Shannon model was published in a mathematical
theory of
communication co-authored by Weaver. Weaver pioneered the use of feedback
as a noise
reduction technique. The Shannon-Weaver model, on the other hand, did not consider
fccdback to be
an essential component since it saw communication as a linear process with feedback
as a separate
act of communication. Therefore, in the Shannon-Weaver model, a dotted line is
used to
represent feedback (figure 2).

The concept is predicated on the notion that communication takes place only after
the message has
been received, and that it should be received as intact as possible. Of course,
this is a
theoretical notion of perfect communication. In real life, filters in both the
sender's and
receiver's minds influence the meaning of the message. Feedback, to some extent,
corrects any
distortions and tends to complete the communication cycle.Figure 2 shows the
Shannon- Weaver model
of communication.

Noise

Information Source

Encoding
Process
Channel "

Decoding
Process

Destination

- - - - -

Feedback

- - - -

- - -

Figure 2: Shannon-Weaver S1o‹lel

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Source of Information (retention)

The inlorrnation source is the first step in the communication process. The sender
has some
unprocessed data. His. her goal is to turn the data into a message that can be
shared. The
information source of the communication process is the source of a message.

1. Source
Creates
Message

Feedback

2. Selects
Channel
i'4oise

• Experience

3. Sends
Message

gets
Message

Encoding
Figure 3: Process or Communication

The sender composes the message after giving it some thought (verbal symbols or
any other
symbolic form of expression). Encoding is the term for this procedure.
Channel of Transmission
A channel is a suitable medium for sending a message, such as orally, in
writing, electronically, in code, or via a signaling system.
Decoding
Decoding involves receiving, colTiprehending, and interpreting the message. This is
lion a
recipient rcceives the message.

The communication process comes to a close when the receix er acts on an

interpreted message, just
as the sender intended.
As a result, w e can obsem•e that communication completes a trill circle,
bringing the sendcr and
rccei cr togethcr as Evo sides of the same coin. Modern iiianagement considers
conununication to
be a vital ability for successiiil managers because of its uniting process and
role.
Noise
This mechanism is susceptible to noise, which can obstruct or distort
communication,
preventing the message from being sent front the transmitter to the receix er.

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES
Noise, accor‹3iiip to certain communication theorists, refers to extrinsic
distur(oaiices in
the physical en irorlrnent ammed the act of communication, such as poor auctio
equality. phone
dropouts, bad i»riiitouts. or iiioeaclable

Filters are responsible for cor rriunicatiori distortion inducecl by subjectix e

elements such as
the sencler's arid rec cix er's attitudes. These are i»syclio1ogica1 in nature.
Attitiides,
beliefs. exi»eriences, self-a x areness. and the ability to think coherently are
arriong them. As
the sender's corrirriunication tra e1s through the recei ‘er's filters. x hich
are inacte up
of his liei ,i,, i ,• know ledge. and seiitimeiits. rriisinterpretations and
other issues may
occur.

Influence the process of sending a message and receiving the feedback

Feedback is the final link in the chain of the communication process. After
receiving a message,
the receiver responds in some way and signals that response to the sender. The
signal may take the
form of a spoken comment, a long sigh, a written message, a smile, or some other
action. "Even a
lack of response, is in a sense, a form of response" (Bovee & Thill, 1992). Without
feedback, the
sender cannot confirm that the receiver has interpreted the message correctly.

Feedback is a key component in the communication process because it allows the

sender to evaluate
the effectiveness of the message. Feedback ultimately provides an opportunity for
the sender to
take corrective action to clarify a misunderstood message. "Feedback plays an
important role by
indicating significant communication barriers: differences in background, different
interpretations
of words, and differing emotional reactions" (Bovee & Thill, 1992).

The communication process is the perfect guide toward achieving effective

communication. When
followed properly, the process can usually assure that the sender's message will be
understood by
the receiver. Although the communication process seems simple, it in essence is
not. Certain
barriers present themselves throughout the process. Those barriers are factors that
have a negative
impact on the communication process. Some common barriers include the use of an
inappropriate
medium (channel), incorrect grammar, inflammatory words, words that conflict with
body language,
and technical jargon. Noise is also another common barrier. Noise can occur during
any stage of the
process. Noise essentially is anything that distorts a message by interfering with
the
communication process. Noise can take many forms, including a radio playing in the
background,
another person trying to enter your conversation, and any other distractions that
prevent the
receiver from paying attention.

Successful and effective communication within an organization stems from the

implementation of the
communication process. All members within an organization will improve their
communication skills
if they follow the communication process, and stay away from the different
barriers. It has been
proven that individuals that understand the communication process will blossom into
more effective
communicators, and effective communicators have a greater opportunity for becoming
a success.

Q2- Differentiate between Upward Communication and Downward communication.

Illustrate
your answer with the help of examples.

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Ans- Upward Communication- Upward communication is defined as a communication

process in which the
managers, supervisors, directors receive information and messages from the lower
level employees
regarding works or other things. In this form of formal communication at the
workplace, the flow of
information is from bottom to top. It follows a chain of hierarchy from subordinate
levels to
superior levels. It normally consists of requests, work reports, complaints from
base level
employees to managerial and/or above levels. This type of communication is
essential to keep the
management informed about the viewpoints of employees, the state of morale at
junior levels, to
receive the reactions of employees on various policies and procedures etc. This
form of
communication takes place in group meetings, reporting to supervisors, filing
complaint or
suggestion forms and dropping in the designated boxes or through email requesting
to redress a
grievance, etc

Figure 2: 4*ertical c onimunication

Set us learn some or the differences bet x een up x arct and dci nii
ard
conirnuiiic ation. Tliis is rei»resC1itecl in table 1
Table I: Difference betxx een clou no ar an‹l upxx ar‹l communication

i'p ’a*dC’ONJniunicalOm

It is a proc ess o2 coiiununic ation morn

a sui»erior level to a suloordinate lex e1.
It is authoritarian iii nature. The einplovee at the superior or
iiiaiiagerrieiit let
els needs to exert authority i hile gis irig instructions for daily I trainees
purposes.
The frequency of clooiioard corrrrnuriication is high because it ink
elm es
iiriportant daily business instructions. orders. ad ice etc.
The i» •vose of tliis form of
ti C9114194tll41ti Gtl OU IS I O kC I }3 t1c4C
suborcliiiate in2orrried w‘it1i the
riecessary irilorrnatioii.
Initiatix es are taken by higher iuaiiageiiierit to rnnke the
coiiiiiiimlcation.

It is cleiiaocratic in nature. Eiulolc›ye*s at the subordinate lex•els do

riot need to
exert any authority w hile sending i ork rei»orts. snaking recjtiests or pi ing
2eedtoack.
The 2requency ct this yee of coiiiiiiuiiic ation is ery lot› . It only occurs
» lien there
is a need to

let e1.
The purjoose of tliis form of corrumuiic ation is ten pix e feeclt ac k or
make
recjtiests to the
inaiiageiiieiit.
Ei••i»loyees at subordinate let els can only take iiiitiatis es to establis1i
relatiorisliii»s

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Downward Communication

Downward communication is the procedure in which information or chain of command

circulates from an
organization's upper level of hierarchy to the lower level. It occurs when
information and messages
flow down by using the formal chain of command or hierarchical structure of an
organization. This
is the most common form of formal communication at a workplace. The information
flows from higher
managerial levels to lower levels. It follows a chain of commands from a superior
level to a
subordinate level. They are mostly job instructions, policy documents, official
announcements,
production reports, procedure manuals or any other information essential for
functioning of the
business processes conveyed to the employees through email, letters, brochures,
pamphlets, etc.
In level management of communication downward, messages and orders start from the
top-level
management of the company and move down toward the lower-level employees. The
superiors responsible
for upper management like managers, directors, or CEOs convey organizational goals,
procedures,
policies, orders, decisions, instructions, etc., to their subordinates through
downward
communication.

Q3 What is the role of Interpersonal Communication in business organisations?

Explain giving
examples.

Ans- Interpersonal Communication

Interpersonal communication is all about the exchange of thoughts and ideas between
individuals
using a variety of methods, including words, tonal variation, facial expressions,
gestures, and
body language. Interpersonal communication and the skills to relate with others
aren't just
important for an individual, but they happen to be at the core of the success of an
organization.
When interpersonal communication in the workplace is effective, it makes operations
more efficient
and teamwork not only possible but also easier.

ROLE OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

Human evolution relied heavily on interpersonal contact. According to previous

studies, early
humans who lived in communities rather than alone were more likely to survive. The
findings also
suggest that those who have strong interpersonal ties are more likely to transmit
these traits down
to the next generation

Interpersonal abilities have a wide range of applications in the real world. They
have a measurable
effect on mental and physical well-being. People with superior interpersonal
communication
abilities are less anxious, have better stress management skills, and are happier
in their personal
and professional connections. Contrary to this, prolonged isolation and lack of
interpersonal
skills result in damages to the well-being of humans. Other than making
relationships and health
better, interpersonal communication skills are highly sought after by potential
employers. All
these

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

examples show how interpersonal communication meets our basic needs as humans for
security in our
social bonds, health, and careers

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION MODELS

Models are the diagrams that are useful in analyzing the process of
communication. These
rriodels help one who is trying to uncterstand, diagnose and perhaps repair a
communication
process. In this section, we will discuss five models that can help us to
understand interpersonal
cornrriunication in a better xvay. The case situation given in activity 2
highlights the problem in
an effective corrixnunication process. After studying this section, suggest ways in
which Mr. X and
Mr. Y can improve their communication effectiveness.

This is perhaps the oldest model of communication. It is based on Aristotle's

fi/remote. Theories
revolving arounct this framework are terme‹J the U/assicaf fiJ7firc›i-ie and built
around theories
of argumentation as well as persuasion. The model emphasizes the sender's need to
consider the
right techniques to present the right message to the right audience as shown in
figure 1. In
example of a one-way communication model xvou1‹J be listening to TO or raclio
broaclcasts where
a message is comrnunicatecl from the sender to receiver in one ctirection.

Sender
Message and delis ery• techniques

Etecelvet”

Figui•e 1: One- Vay znoclel or c« munication (Fishei•, 1981)

Though the rriodel is simple it provides a theory of composition and
coiriinunication for
both oral and written discourse with an emphasis on persuasion. Despite
limitations, it serves as a
useful diagnostic tool. The major strength of this tool is that it emphasizes the
significance
o1 the receiver.
7xcte actloxz octel
The model was given by Wilbur Schramm in the year 1997 and builds upon the linear
model o2
communication which we ctiscussed in Wnit 2.

dncodev
ñJessage (Delivered through channels and me‹Jia)

Feedback

6igux e 2: Ixctez actloxx moctel of Coosmuxxicatioxc {3cb¥ aoxxxx, 1997)

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Combining the ideas of several communication theorists, the interaction model was
an upgradation of
the one-way model. The model included four more concepts to the existing model: (1)
channel, (2)
encoding and decoding,
(3) noise, and (4) feedback. Figure 2 represents the Interaction model (Schramm's
model) of
communication.
The participants take turns being the sender and receiver. They create meaning
by sending
and receiving messages in both physical and psychological settings. The
approach rejects
communication as a one-way, linear process and instead adds feedback, making
communication
more interactive and a two-way process.
In this model, the channel represents the source through which the message is sent.
It can be
verbal and non-verbal. Media represents various tools such as letters, memos,
mobile phones,
televisions and social media websites.
Feedback includes a return loop by which the sender receives reactions. It answers
various
questions that occur in the speaker's mind like Is my audience happy with my
speech? ‘Are my
customers convinced with the product details I shared with them?’, etc. The
inclusion of a feedback
loop allows a more complex understanding of the roles of participants in a
communication
encounter. However, sometimes excess feedback may also harm the communication
process. In some
instances, a sender has to think through, encode and send the information without
being distracted
by the feedback. Hence, though feedback can be used as an aid to understanding the
impact of the
communication process, one needs to use other concepts included in the model as
well.
As the name suggests, the interaction model of communication is more interaction-
focused. It
does not judge communication as effective or ineffective rather acknowledges
that
communication is nuanced and complex. It encourages the speaker to use feedback for
simulating
further questions like Vhy is my boss not replying to my email?’, ‘Why is my
audience not looking
interested?’ etc. This helps in improving the effectiveness of an overall
communication process.
Though the interaction model came up as a major improvement over the one- way
communication model,
it did not consider a few significant observations which are: (1) communication
process does not
happen sequentially. i.e. one step at a time as highlighted in the prior
communication models, (2)
in the process of communication, the participants act both as sender and receiver
simultaneously,
(3) role of self and others perception, and (4) communication context. The other
models were later
developed to fill these gaps.
Two- Person Relationship Model
Although the interaction model was a major improvement over a one-way model, it had
its own
drawbacks. In terms of the communication process the points this model ignored
were:

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

1) Communication process does not happen sequentially, i.e. one step at a time as
highlighted in
the prior communication models:
2) In the process of corrununication, the participants act both as sender and
receiver
simultaneously;
3) It excluded sender's and receix er’s perceptions of each other and themselves;
and
4) The wider social and organisational settings in u hich the communication takes
place.
According to the tu o-person relationship model, the communication process is
reciprocal: the
sender's x ieo s of, and beha iour towards the receiver are simultaneously
affecting and being
al'lficted by the receiver as represented in figure 3.
Pigule 3: Th o-t›ei son 1 elationsbiy› naoc1eI of communication (Tu1 nei <6 omhai
cl, 1969)

Using this model as a diagnostic tool, we u ill be able to understand how the
communication process
is related to human behax•iour. In general, human beings tend to reach cause and
effect
conclusions. For example, “Mr. A has slowed down on the project work because his
project leader vas
not open to taking his recommendations.” This is the most conx•enient one-u ay
cause and e?keci
explanation. Howe er, in doing this we ignore the possibility of Mr. A as not
looking any more
inspiring to the project leader. This could be because Mr. A's lagging enthusiasm
and output make
hirri assume that his suggestions do not desem*e much attention. The Evo-person
relationship model
suggests that ix'e must look not only at the explicit behaviour but also at hoax
each perceives the
other.
According to this model, people tend to behax e in ix‘ays that confirm their self-
perceptions. The
model illustrates the strong influence of self-perception on behaviour. Hence self-
perception, the
perceptual point of view, and the inter-dependence o1 Evo on each other constimte
the key ideas in
this model.

Q4 Why is writing considered to be an important part of Business communication?

Explain.

Ans- Business communication - Communication is an essential element in the success

of any business.
The process of transferring information from one person to another, within and
outside the business
environment, is termed as ‘Business Communication.’ The term ‘Business
Communication’ is derived
from general communication which is associated with business activities. In other
terms,
communication between business parties or people for business-related tasks is

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

considered as ‘Business Communication.’ According to Ricks and Gow defined Business

Communication
as a system that is responsible to affect change throughout the whole organization.

Effective business communication is the way employees and management communicate to

achieve
organizational goals. The objective is to improve organizational efficiency by
reducing mistakes.
Business Communication includes different aspects like marketing, public relations,
customer
relations, corporate and interpersonal communication, etc.

Considered to be an important part of Business communication

As human beings, we observe and process a vast amount of information that we get
from the world
around us. We react to what we see, and these reactions make us unique individuals.
If we document
these reactions and observations regularly, we create records of our personal
history. Writing is
thus an important tool for documentation. In recent times, however, writing has
expanded to become
an important professional skill. Since we are connected by online networks which
demand constant
communication, we are expected to write concise and clear texts. All professional
workplaces now
demand strong writing skills from their employees and is an important ingredient
for upward
mobility.

reasons:
Y¥'rite experience: xvhc› take photc›praphs ha e o2ten talked abc›ut the
iinportanc e o1
capmring the beauty c›f a ixic›nzent. In a similar ray, x riting can rnotix ate
cteiriotix
ate the eiiap1c›yees an organisation. haxe a unictue nzorrient that is
sharing in
then that can be clone through the xx ritinp. Either x ay, x riting proc ides you
x•ith a mecfiunz
to share your ideascmxept ericnces.
YY"rite thinly: As humans, we are constantly inundated xs ith
daily lixes, ambitions, and insecurities. macke are nil
chc›ices anct dccisions, » e naust express what xx e think. Writing gis es as
thoughts.
Y¥'rite create: Wc›rcfs has e the pc›xx er carry inspiring messages. Thcre
is a rcason
why ix e rcmct bcr great no elists, thinkers and scientists and thud
xvisdoixi in x fiat
they say. xx rite xs all is tc› create a
that stands the test of tinge.
'Y"rite to learn: Writing can help us remember xx•liat we read and study.

Whccn ix
takc
c » learn and analysc inlorixtation. This is
one o2the important parts 2or the businesses.

FEATURES OF WRITTEN COMMUNICATION

Many people believe that people who are good at writing do not need to spend a lot
of time learning
to write — they are born writers. Writing comes naturally to them. However, this is
not true.
Writing research shows that all good writers also keep learning how to write and
they constantly
practice their skills. So, learning to write is essential for developing writing
skills. To be an
effective communicator one must adhere to the following characteristics of writing:

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES
SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Extensive reacting: Reading extensix ely xx•ill enable to become a

better vx riter. In
personal as ix ell as pro Fessional like a reacting habit helps in developing
better communication
skills
m U.onstant xx riting: One of the bcst xx-ays to bccomc a good ix-riter is by
constantly i ’riting. Practic e wakes x•riting more pro2ound and the that Flow hax-
e more clarity.
m ord conscious/tvorcl seelter: vocabulary helps in placing the
is'1iile xs riting s•hic1i xx ill help in transmitting the

ricessage x-ith vv orld.

clarity. This is very much important in the business
Purpose of writing: It is cry important to be axx•are o1 the purpose for xx hich
you are x-riting
and hax•e knoix-ledge o1 xx he your readers are. This vx ill make your w riting
more 2ocused and
precise. Whatever the xx-riting situation, rriost o2 us as i riters hax-e various
purposes in mind.
Target anumeric e: Remerriber, most xx ritinp is meant to be react by others.
In the businnss the atidience is Unite spa cilic and corrununication
tlxe is rriade e-nails,
reports etc. or a job application.
Y*nderstanding of the subject: THe next step is to atteixipt understand your
subject or topic.
Few ix-riters can have a complete understanding o1 their subject or topic when they
begin to
xx-rite. Remember, ‘xx riting is not something you do a2ter thinking, but it is
something w hich
helps you to think’.

Well-written communication helps define goals, identify problems and arrive at

solutions. This is
important in every aspect of business. Executives must clearly write memos so that
staff
understands the directives without confusion.

Q5 Discuss the importance of technology in Business Communication. Illustrate with

the help of
examples

Ans- Business communication - Technology is the mechanical application of the

rules of science in
performing human activities. Technological development has changed the human lives
dramatically.
It brings dynamism, happiness and prosperity in human lives and makes their lives
easy and simple.

Recent development in business is the gift of technological advancement.

Information
technology has turned the whole world into a single family and has opened a new
horizon in
business. The role of technology in business communication is discussed below:
Quick transmission of information: The greatest advantage of electronic
communication is the quick
transmission of information. With the help of electronic media, one can send
information to a
distant receiver just within a few seconds.

Transmitting large volume of information: People can send large volume of

information with the help
of electronic devices. Through e-mail, one can attach writings of hundred pages
easily.

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Making instant business decision: With the help of electronic communication,

managers can take
instant or quick decisions. With a click of computer, they can obtain information
at anytime from
anywhere in the world. This helps in making quick decision and ensures better
management of
business.

Lowering communication cost: Electronic communication not only saves time but also
money.
Electronic communication such as e-mail requires less cost than the traditional
means of posting a
letter.

Wide coverage: Through electronic communication, one can transmit information to

many receivers who
are located in different places. With the help of electronic devices like
satellite, people
conquered distance and the whole world has now turned into a global village.

Communication with distant people: Electronic communication provides the

opportunity of interactive
communication with distant people. Video conferencing, for example, allows
interactive
communication even though the participants are geographically dispersed. It saves
travel cost,
time, and energy.

Easy preservation of information: Electronic devices can store huge volume of

information that can
be used in time of need. As a result, the use of manual files is decreasing day by
day.

Managing operations globally: In modern days, businesses are becoming global. More
and more
businesses are dispersing their operations across the globe. Management of
geographically dispersed
business operations is possible only through electronic communication.

Importance of technoloev in Business Communication-

The term "Information and Communication Technology" (ICT) refers to all of the
technologies and
services involved in computing, data protocol management, telecommunications, and
the internet. ICT
aims to provide newer and more innovative ways for people to interact, network,
gain access to
information, excel, and learn all at the same time. Information and communication
technology (ICT)
now has a significant economic impact. The technology sector holds a significant
portion of
economic activity around the globe, as economies, employment, and personnel have
become more
automated and the world has become a global village.

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

e) Ctmstomer feeBbacI<Ioops
Customer feedback loops ancf data analytics are both powered by information
ancf
corruxiunication technology. Both of these factors enable manufacturers to
strengthen their
relationships with customers while also adding value to the products they create
through
custorriization.
deduction in network latency
As the Fourth Industrial Revolution or Industry 4.O progresses, new
comxriunications technologies
such as SG will reduce network latency, increase bandwidth ancf increase
manufacturers' capacity
for real-time and near-rea1-time response.
With SG integration and Internet of Things (IoT) technology, manufacmrers
will be able
to increase their use of sensors, cloud platforms, centralised tracking,
quality
inspection and other related systerris. Finally, advances in information and
communication
technology are spawning a new breed of ”industrial wearables.” Smart glasses and
biometric sensors
that can connect individual workers to remote databases or incfustrial
resources, as well
as robotics, are examples of tools and equipment.

g) ICT and advancements in health care systems

Information and communication technology (UT) has developed a variety of
applications in the
health care sector. These applications have tremendously affected domains of
patient care, public
health, operating costs, and the traditional bureaucracy linked with the medical
profession and
life sciences. Electronic health records (EHRs) allow healthcare workers to enter
patient data into
a centralized, digitized system that is accessible to relevant stakeholders
such as medical
personnel, pharmacies, and insurers. Systems can be configured with alerts and
integrated with user
authentication and security policies to allow patients access to their health
information.
h) Education's ubiquity and universal accessibility
ICT facilitates electronic learning, also known as e earning, by combining
database
technology with communications and interactive programming techniques. Individuals
and
organisations can participate in vocational or special interest training
courses that
combine formal instruction, quizzes, practical exercises, research, and
interactive
multimedia elements, all in the learner's own time and at their own pace, using e-
learning
platforms such as Coursera and ectora.
Information and communication technology (UT) in schools and colleges provides
students with
engaging, interactive, and self paced learning methods that increase their
independence and
involvement in the learning process while also increasing their levels of digital
literacy.

i) I€JEaod Eoviroomeotallmpact
With sustainability and environmental stewardship high on the priority list for
individual
consumers, governments, and organisations,

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

Importance of Information and Communication Technology

a) UT and e-commek-ce
The UT infrastructure that 2ormerly drove simple credit or debit card transactions
and centralized
record-keeping for commercial organisations continue to expand in retail and other
customer-lacing
environments, and e-commerce now merges with the shopping experience itself.
Consumers can now shop 1or goods and services online lrom the convenience of
their own homes.
Using database technology and shopper-friendly websites or applications, today's
consumers may
shop for goods and services online from the comfort of their own homes or on their
mobile phones.
And cutting edge technologies like augmented reality (OR), virtual reality (VR),
and arti2icia1
intelligence (II) are allowing potential consumers to have quick, interactive
access to product
information and even try them out.
b) UT anB a New Btts*ness
Ecorriirierce and the expansion of UT have brought considerable changes to
how
corrirnercial organisations function behind the scenes, in ad‹Jition to new routes
for purchasing
and new means o1 showing and promoting goods. Mobile devices and real time
communications,
combined with developments in data analytics anct arti2icia1 intelligence, enable
retail sales
people to work more efficiently.

ct)

UT is a useliil support mechanism in the rrianufacturing sector, capable of

making design and
production more robust, ellective, and eltâcient through the use of computer-
based precision
engineering, virtualized systems, and computer simulation. Despite ongoing
concerns about the
potential impact of trade volatility, tariffs, and the global economic
slowdown the
industry remains optimistic.
New etAoBs of anufactur*ng
UT is a useliil support rriechanism in the rrianufacturing sector, capable of
making design and
production rriore robust, effective, and effcient through the use of
computer-based precision
engineering, virtualized systems, and computer simulation.

information and communication technology presents a two-sided

argument.
On the one hand, while UT is estimated to contribute 2% to s% or global
greenhouse gas (CiLlCi)
emissions, these technologies also help to reduce emissions.
Aside from the physical benefits of less reliance on paper-based
documentation, UT aids in
monitoring climate change, mitigating and adapting to its effects, and easing the
transition to a
green and circular economy.

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES
SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES

SELF GYAN YOUTUBE CHANNEL 9699784305 FOR SOLVED ASSIGNMENT UPDATE & IGNOU CLASSES