Correlation specifically focuses on assessing the strength and direction of the relationship between two

quantitative variables. It measures how closely these variables move in relation to each other. The
correlation coefficient, often denoted as 'r,' ranges between -1 and +1. A correlation coefficient close to
+1 implies a strong positive relationship, indicating that as one variable increases, the other tends to
increase as well. Conversely, a correlation coefficient close to -1 suggests a strong negative relationship,
indicating that as one variable increases, the other tends to decrease. A correlation coefficient near 0
suggests a weak or no linear relationship between the variables.

On the other hand, regression is a statistical technique used to model the relationship between a
dependent variable and one or more independent variables. It helps in predicting or estimating the value
of the dependent variable based on the values of one or more independent variables. In simple linear
regression, there is one dependent variable and one independent variable, whereas in multiple linear
regression, there are multiple independent variables.

The primary objective of regression analysis is to establish a mathematical equation that best fits the
data, allowing for predictions or explanations about the dependent variable based on the independent
variables. The equation typically takes the form of Y = a + bX, where Y is the dependent variable, X is the
independent variable, 'a' is the intercept, and 'b' is the slope of the line indicating the relationship
between the variables.

Regression analysis also helps in understanding the strength and direction of the relationship between
variables. It provides insights into how changes in the independent variable(s) are associated with
changes in the dependent variable.

In summary, correlation assesses the degree and direction of association between two variables, while
regression analyzes the nature of the relationship between variables and predicts the value of the
dependent variable based on the independent variable(s). Both correlation and regression are valuable
tools in statistical analysis for understanding and interpreting relationships within data sets.