Ramas 2023 Abs 2

RAMAS-2023 28th and 29th July, 2023
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Editorial Board Message
We are delighted to inform you that the Second International Conference On

Recent Advances In Social Sciences, Humanities, Management And
Scientific Research 2023 (2 Days) Live| New Castle, USA and Guwahati, India
organised by Eudoxia Research University USA and Eudoxia Research
Centre-India, in collaboration RJS Institute of Management Studies,
Bengaluru, India was held on: 28th (Friday) July and 29th July (Saturday) 2023.
The goal of this International Conference RAMAS 2023 (Second International

Conference on Recent Advances in Social Sciences, Humanities, Management and
Scientific Research 2023) in today’s rapidly evolving world, there is a growing need
to bridge the gap between traditional academics and the practical skills required in
professional industries. This Live International Conference on Multidisciplinary
Research (RAMAS-2023) serves as a critical platform for academicians and
researchers to transform their educational practices and align them with the
demands of the industry. This essay explores the necessity of RAMAS-2023 in
fostering a shift towards professional, industry-based, skill-based education.
The accepted abstract of this International Conference will be published in the

Abstract Book of RAMAS-2023 and accepted full papers will be published in the
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book titled “Thinkers: Creating New Ideas for Research, Vol 2, Year 2023”
with ISBN number as book chapter.
Second International Conference on Recent Advances in

Social Sciences, Humanities, Management and Scientific
Research.
Central Organizing Committee of RAMAS-2023
Chief Patron
Prof. Rhituraj Saikia
President and Chairman Eudoxia Research University USA and Eudoxia Research
Centre Bangalore, Guwahati, India
Patron
Prof. Catalino N. Mendoza
VC, Eudoxia Research University, USA
Convener:
Prof. Dr. Caleb Moyo
Pro-VC, Eudoxia Research University, USA
Prof. Dr. S. K. Baral
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Professor, Department of Commerce, Faculty of Commerce & Management, Indira
Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU) MP, India
Organizing Secretary:
Prof. Dr. Rajesh G Konnur
Pro-VC, Eudoxia Research University, USA
Dr. Pratisha Kumari
Vice President, Eudoxia Research University, New Castle, USA
Coordinator
Dr. Sukhwinder Singh
Registrar, Eudoxia Research University, USA, Eudoxia Research Centre,
Bangalore, Guwahati, India
Dr. Agbara Stephen Godwin
Chief Scientific Officer, Eudoxia Research University, USA
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ISBN BOOK PUBLICATION
“Thinkers: Creating New Ideas for Research, Vol 2,
Year 2023
By
Eudoxia Research University USA
&
Eudoxia Research Centre, New Delhi, Guwahati,

Bangalore India
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INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE MEMBERS
Yatish Prabhudayal Kuril, India
Ahmed Salisu Garba, Nigeria
Dr. Asad Ullah, India
Dr. Bramah Hazela, India
Yuvraj Purusram, Mauritius
Dr. Sujata Singhi, India
Dr. Animesh Kumar Sharma, India
Jagjit Singh, India
Dr. Julius Olubenga Owoyemi, Nigeria
Miss. Jyotashri Shrikrishna Atre, India
Prof. Dr. Shashikant Bharatrao Shisode, India
Smita Jadhav, India
Bireswar Pradhan, India
Dr. Kunwata Mohammed Goni, Nigeria
Dr. Anant Zandekar, India
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Dr. Sukedo Dhondu Ingale, India
Hena Vasudevbhai Mehta, India
Sonali Chakraborty Kumbang, India
Dr. Vandana Whig, India
Dr. K. Sankar, India
Dr. Roy Fabrigas Bermudez, Phillipines
Ranjeeta Singh, India
Fr. Baiju Thomas, India
Dr. Vishal Bharat Babar, India
Dr. S. Andal, India
Dr. Chowdappa V A, India
Sandra Mascarenhas, India
Dr. K. Kavita, India
Prashanth Prabhu J, India
Sangeeta, India
Dr. Radhika M, India
Ria Bhar, India
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Aaron Mnguni, South Africa
Laxminarayana Maroli, India
Dr. Abraham Lincoln Torsu, Ghana
Chinnah Promise Chiweke, Nigeria
Omkar Prasad Baidya, India
Prasanna Suresh Pai, India
Sweetee Kumari, India
Dr. Tambe Satish Sampatrao, India
Qwanfia Michael Bilau, Island
Jagdeep Rayan Kumar, India
Dr. Veeresh Rampur, India
Alka Pagare, India
Gowtham Ramkumar, India
Dr. Ajay B Gadicha, India
Grace Oluwabunmi Adegboye, Nigeria
Fazle Rabbi, Australia
Dr. S. Shanmugam, India
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Prof. Dr. Shivani Bhatnagar, India
Monika Devi, India
Prince Kumar, India
Prof. Dr. Shivani Bhatnagar, India
Franklin Easter Dumbari, India
Dr. A. Sudhakaraiah, India
Binny S, India
Dr. Sanjay Kumar Singla, India
Comfort A. Enders, Liberia, West Africa.
Dr. Rajkumar G. Nadakinamani, India
Keerthi Thalakttil Raghavan, India
Dr Mou Roy, India
Dr. Jayashree Premkumar Shet, India
Hemant Bhatia, India
Om Prakash Singh, Nepal
Dr. Sushma Kumari Saini, India
Martha Joubert, South Africa
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Mr. Luigi Pio Leonardo Cavaliere, Italy
David Jangminlien, India
Edward Probir Mondol, Canada
Dr. Joel Patric Lal, India
Iyengar Ramamani Govindarajan, India
Dr. Sandeep Kumar, India
Battu Anne Sumalatha, India
Prof.Dr. Aruna Anchal, India
Dr. Anubhav Kumar Prasad, India
Dr. Sushila Sharma, India
Tania Sharma, India
Nkuwa Milosi Georges, Democratic Republic Of The Congo
Vusi Maseko, South Africa
Adeleke Adedayo Israel, Nigeria
Prof. Dr. Renu Joshi, India
Prof. D.B.Ahire, India
Rajesh E., India
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Avichal Bhatnagar, India
Dr. Anupama Sharma, India
Dr.C.Sajai, India
Dr. X.S Blessing Nima Sajai, India
Opeyemi Ajibola-James, Nigeria
Dr. Jhinuk De, India
Surya Prakash Sharma, India
Aderinto Muhammad Jamiu Adedeji, North Cyprus
Mrs. S.Sumathi Gopinath, India
Dr.Kapil Mathur, India
Dr. Himangshu Roy, India
Dr. Rajbir Singh, India
Rachel Anne D. Belangel, Philippines
Dr. Ratan Bhattacharjee, India
Dr. Sreerama Rajasekhar, India
Aissi Radhia, Algeria
Ursil Lelo Di Makungi, Congo
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Ajayandaran Arumugam, Malaysia
Samia Mouas, Algeria
Ajit Kumar, India
Dr. Veena Prasad Vemuri, India
Narbir Aidee, Nepal
Dr. Sunil Joshi, India
Moitreyee Das, India
Dr. Manisha Sandeep Sonavale, India
Mehedi Hasan Manik, Bangladesh
Mohamed Rashad Srour Hassan Elgrwany, Egypt
Dr. Shanthi Ida Sophia, Uae
Ms. Niharika Tiwari, India
Dr. Shiv Kumar Srivastava, India
Hassan Garba, Nigeria
Beatrix Banka, United Kingdom
Dr. Radhakrishnan T T, India
Dr Nawaz Ahmad Mir, India
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Dr. Bilal Ahmad Bhat, India
Zaccheus Shehu, Nigeria
Dr. Jackson Mwewa, Zambia
Kuldip Neupane, Nepal
Ramod Kumar KV, India
Dr. Anil Kumar.P, India
Dr. Chidozie Beneth Obiorah, Nigeria
Bipinkumar Shah, India
Victoria Kuan, Malaysia
Dr. Omojola Immaculata Olu, Nigeria
Marie Therese A. Villa – Caoile, Philippines
Dr. Amit Kumar, India
Dr. Ayush Bahugun, India
Ajay Reddy Yeruva, USA
Dr. Pawan Kumar Verma, India
Dan Lhery S. Gregorious, Philippines
Dr. Ogbonna Collins Nwabuko, Nigeria
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Joefrelin Collado Ines, DBA, Oman
Sayali Karmode, India
Dr. Basant Kumar, Muscat
Dr. Rajdeep Chakraborty, India
Emerson Moshahary, India
Dr. Susheel George Joseph , India
Dr. Abhishek Tripathi, India
Amit Gadewal, India
Monalisa Pattanayak, India
Waseem Akram, India
Sakala Stanley, Zambia
Tarun Chauhan, India
Roja Boina, USA
Dr. Pooja R, India
Hiron Thomas Mondol, India
Dr. T. Rajendran, India
Lt. Col. Dr. Ajee K L India
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Dr. Ernest O. Nwazor , Nigeria
Harika Paruvelli, India
Abdifatah Ali Habbane, Somaliland
Dr. Sarfaraz Karim, India
Guadalupe C. De Jesus, Philippines
Maruthi Ram Prasad Pelluri India
Dr. Deepali Kumari, India
Dr. Gopal Jahagirdar, India
Prof. Dr. Prakash Divakaran, India
Dr Vikas Kushwaha, India
Lt. Col. Regina Poruthur Francis, India
Muunga Hansingo, Zambia
Dr. Ramachandran Rajaraman India
Vivek Basavegowda Ramu USA
Latha Narayanan Valli Malaysia
Dr. S. Jamuna, Professor in Accounting and Finance, Kebri Dehar

University, Ethiopia
Dr. M. S. Vijaya Rao India

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Subrahmanya G M India
Dr. Abdullahi Ibrahim Salahu-Deen Nigeria
Dr Sajeev. M.S India
Dr. Vibhuti Jha India
Dr. Chandra Kumar Dixit India
Dimitrios A. Karras Greece
Dr. Sharmila Sharan India
Dr. Shashi Kant Gupta India
Nand Kumar India
Dr. Adebanjo Joseph FALAYE Nigeria
A. Sagaya Arokia Mary India
Darlosan Ana Maria Romania
Dr. Rebecca Samson (Director of Nursing and Research
AVMCH, (VMRF) India
Lalita Murugan Mauritius
Sai Nitisha Tadiboina USA
Abhilash Manvikar India
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Murali Krishna Katakam USA
Prof. Dr. Loc Nguyen Vietnam
Dr. Rajan Kumar India
Dr. Luxita Sharma India
Dr. Randhir Singh Ranta India
Poonam Mithailal Gupta USA
Ch. Lavanya India
Tshering Tobgyel Bhutan
Prof. G. M. Joseph Dunston, Ph.D India
Dr. Goutam Banerjee India
Pooja Ray Chaudhuri USA
Dr. Maneesha Deshpande India
Chandrakant Shivappa Karigar India
Dr. Mukti Srivastava India
Prof.Dr.Pongkit Ekvitayavetchanukul Thailand
Dr. Premajyothi. D India
Dr. Ekta Malik India
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Dr. Anviti Rawat India
Muziwakhe Daniel Tshabalala Sourth Africa
Dr. S. P. CHANDRA SHEKAR, M.D(AM) India
Dr. Saumyabrata Nath India
Arkar Htet Myat Myanmar
Dr. Keisham Subharani Devi India
Dr. Olumuyiwa Samson Abiade Nigeria
Dr. Dipti Shukla India
Dr. Syed Kadhar G India
Dr. Balbinder Singh India
CMA Mayank Bajpai India
Dr. Madhuri Madhukar Deshpande India
Ms. Pinky Devi Phougeishangbam India
Niraj Prasad India
Dr. Murugesan S India
Dr. Smriti Pareek India
Khaliun Nyambayar Mongolia
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Dr. Shiva Prasad KM India
Achshah R M India
Dr. T. Ruban Deva Prakash India
Dr. Raquel D Pascua Philippines
Bentahar Mohammad Algeria
Jogar Baldesco Tosoc Philippines
Padavi Premsing Ramasing India
Lt.Acs Aman Bahri India
Ms. Theingi Aung Myanmar
Dr. Pavan P Aparanji India
Kyaw Myat Khaing Myanmar
Ko Ko Latt Myanmar
N Hiruni Drauphadhi De Silva Sri Lanka
Dr. Narendra Vasantrao Deshmukh India
Prof. Dr. Tulasi N Murthy UAE
Dr. Nelmar L. Sayson LMgtD Philippines
Dr. Marin Jose India
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Anil Kumar Kanuri India
Dr. Shankar Laxman Laware India
Dr. Manjunath Koliwad India
Analiza Santos Ileto Philippines
Satya Swaroopa Vani Renigunta India
Saket Bihari, K R Mangalam University, Gurugram, India India
Dr. Girish Kumar Tiwari India
Dr. Pitas Das India
Dr. Hiroj Bagde India
Dr. Pankaj Rajneesh Budhiraja India
Dr. Jatinder Kaur India
Dr. Girdhari Lal Sharma India
Kanu Ikechukwu Anthony Nigeria
Dr. Manoj Kumar India
Chetan Shelke India
Aleksei Nekhaev Thailand
Mr. Milos Vujic Serbia
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Rima Bharatkumar Soni India
Dr. Ramesh Dabas India
Dr. Ahanthem Romita Devi India
Dr. P. R. Venugopal India
Dr. Geethamanikanta Jagadeesh Kumar Jakka USA
Niranchana Shri Viswanathan India
Latha Thammareddi USA
Dr. Siripuri Kiran India
Dr. Ajay Kumar Singh India
Nyi Nyi Lwin Malaysia
Myo Myint Malaysia
Ravi Kumar India
Dr. Abira Choudhury India
Mrs. Thae Su Mon Htut Malaysia
Dr. Tengsy Thomas, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University Saudi
Arabia
Frederick Chong Chen Tshung Malaysia
Dr. Hamid Reza Shams Pour Iran

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Prof. Dr. Roselina Ahmad Saufi Malaysia
Dr. Kulsum Sameen India
Dr. B. Nageswara Rao India
Dr. Binti Dua India
Prof. Dr. Tania Gupta India
Dr. Ramasubbareddy Challa India
Dr. Nafis Mahmud Khan Bangladesh
Dr. V. Manjari India
Dr. Adv. Cherry Kushwaha India
Dr. Indu India
Dr. S. Peer Mohamed (Use the affiliation also in all certifications )

India
Prof. Swapnali Kulkarni India
Dr. Mayur Kumar Mukund Bhai Solanki India
Dr. Sadananda Nayak India
Ms. Bharati Saikia India
Shweta Macknight India
BİNALİ ŞİNLİK Turkey

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Albert Munyanyi Zimbawae
Dr. Gomatam Mohana Charyulu India
Dr. Yogesh Kumar Agarwal India
Dr. T. Ch. Anil Kumar India
Dr. Udoka Josiah Nigeria
Dr. K. Nagaraj India
Sanjay Subbarao India
Mrs. N. Kalaivani India
Ming Fung Francis Siu Hong Kong
Reena Jha India
Dr. Deb Kumar Das India
Dr. Saurabh Mitra India
Dr. Garima Pal India
Surendar Singh Kesar Singh Rawat India
Nandimath Omprakash V India
Dr. (Mrs.) Ebelechukwu Daniel ChukwuNigeria
Dr. C Anitha India
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Monalisha Pal India
Dr. Santhi Appavu India
Prof. Meena Sharma India
Dr. Abdul Salam Khan India
Subharun Pal India
Elma Sibonghanoy Groenewald Philippines
Dr. Baban Kacharu Singare India
Dr. Jyoti Prakash Rath India
Ms. Parminder Kaur India
Abdullahi Salisu Kademi Saudi Arabia
Dr. N. C. SujathaIndia
Prof. Mrunal S Phatak India
Dr. Paramveer Singh India
Dr. Susanta Kumar Biswal India
Bright Ngandu Hatamba Zambia
Dr. Dipak Mondal India
Dr. Anju Sabharwal India
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Dr. Lakshmidevi. B India
Amany Tawfik Mohamed Elfakhrany Egypt
Prof. Emma Aquino Dimitui Philippines
Uday Kumar Kanike USA
Dr. Rolly Tamparong Baroy Philippines
Jyr Marie Reyes Philippines
Dr. Somasree Santra India
Jocelyn U. Oasay Philippines
Maria Theresa Fabrigar SALAPONG

Philippines
Prof. (Dr.) Rabinarayan Satpathy India
Dr. Maclean Onisoya Nigeria
Dr. Deepa Mordia India
Dr. Helal Uddin Khandakar Bangladesh
Maitri Chaudhuri India
Dr. Ameeta Motwani India
Sandeep Rangineni USA
Deepak Dasaratha Rao USA

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Arvind Kumar Bhardwaj USA
Prof. Dr. Ashok Kumar Dubey India
Dr. Yogesh Babu Thunga India
Dr. Shikha India
Deepak Kumar Sahoo India
Dr. Harsh M. Joshi India
Dr. Ferdinand Amabibi Nigeria
Mazahirul Islam Saudi Arab
Mr. Debasis Sundaray India
Dr. Neeta Lal India
J Rajesh India
Dr. Binny Cherian India
Dr. Moses Kwadzo Ghana
Dr. Sanjeev Pradhan Nepal
Dr. Karthikeyan Soundararajan India
Dr. Umesh U India
Dr. Akshata Amitkumar Gawade India
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Dr. Bill Anak Adan Malaysia
Dr. Alok Kumar India
Bello Mohammed Magaji Nigeria
Dr. Obaiah. G. O India
Rakesh Margam USA
Dr. K. Siva Agora Sakthivel Murugan India
Esther Mbuci Kinyua Kenya
Dr. Marichu Cruz Sta.Ana Philippines
Dr. Ezekiel U. Manuel Philippines
Dr. Rafael I.Balignasay Jr. Philippines
Dr. Ankita Jacob India
Prof. S. Jeelani India
Dr. Romulo T. Sisno Philippines
Sivakumar Ponnusamy USA
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EDITORIAL BOARD
Editor in Chief
Prof. Rhituraj Saikia
President and Chairman Eudoxia Research University USA and Eudoxia

Research Centre India
EDITORS
Dr. Pratisha Kumari

Vice President
Eudoxia Research University, New Castle, USA
Dr. Sukhwinder Singh
Registrar
Eudoxia Research University, New Castle, USA
Dr. Smita Jadhav
FMERU and FMERC, India
Bireswar Pradhan
FMERU and FMERC, India
Dr. Kunwata Mohammed Goni

FMERU and FMERC, Nigeria
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1. Civic responsibility and Civic skill are Emergence

of Hour and Ever.
Dr. S. Andal
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Planning and Administration,

TNTEU, Chennai 97, Tamilnadu, India
Abstract: Civic responsibility helps active participation in the public life of a

community in an informed, committed, and constructive manner, with a focus on
the common good. Civic responsibility should maintain participation in
government, Temples, volunteers, and membership of the voluntary association.
Actions of civic responsibility regularize in advocacy for various causes such as
political, economic, civil, and environmental or quality of life issues for the need of
the hour. Civic participation induce a wide range of formal and informal activities,
such as voting, volunteering, participating in group activities, and community
gardening. It will be the duty of every citizen to constitute by the Constitution and
respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National
Anthem. Through these the values take in Service, Neighbourliness, Citizenship,
Community awareness, Volunteering, Social justice, etc. Especially the good civic
values Obedience, Loyalty, Dedication, Honesty, Selflessness, and Patriotism are
creates the Civic skills. Civic skills take account of personal communication skills,
knowledge of political systems, and the ability to critically think about civic and
political life which are normalize and can be inculcate Financial responsibility,
Institutional Responsibilities, Corporate Social Responsibility, Customer
Responsibilities, Parental Responsibility, Official Responsibility and Area
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Responsibility. Consequently and hence Civic responsibility and Civic skill are
Emergence of Hour and Ever.
Keywords: Civil responsibility, Types of Civil responsibility and Civic Skill.
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2. A Pilot Study on National Education Policy –

2020.
Dr. Nazia Husain

Assistant Professor, Department of History, Shri JJT University Rajasthan, India
Abstract: The year2020 has been an exceptional year for countries across the globe
in India, apart from Covid-19,one of the important changes that took place was the
development of the New Education Policy(NEP) 2020. Time by time, various
committees have recommended to increase the allocation of the budget for
education to 6% of the GDP, this has led to the interests of researchers. This
paper aims to identify the concerns and focus of NEP 2020.The authorhastried to
examine the salient features of NEP 2020 critically, thereby evaluating each feature
of its present status and scope for future execution. It was found that most of
people consider the policy as a positive and welcoming step.
Keywords: Pedagogical, NEP, India, GDP, Multi-disciplinary, curriculum.
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3. Role of Yoga on Mental Health Aspects in

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Review.
Srinivas M1, Patil N J2, Prabhakar K3, Jagmohan S V4 and

Guruprasad T J5
1
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of
Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, KA, India.
2
Associate Professor, Department of Yoga, Centre for Integrative Medicine &
Research(CIMR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, KA, India;
3
Former Associate Professor, Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs
Academy of Higher Education and Research, Tamaka, Kolar, KA, India.
4
Professor, Department of General Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College,
Tamaka, Kolar, KA, India.
5
Associate Professor, Department of TB & Respiratory Medicine, Madhusudan Sai
Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chikkaballapur, KA, India. Assistant
Professor, Department of TB &CD, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka,
Kolar, KA, India.
Abstract: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is a contagious infectious disease that

not only affects physical health but also significantly burdens the mental health and
well-being of affected individuals. The management of PTB goes beyond the
administration of antibiotics and requires a comprehensive approach to address
physical and mental health aspects. This narrative review aims to explore the role
of Yoga as a complementary intervention in addressing the psychological aspects
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of tuberculosis patients. After the electronic search engine, we got 1314 research
shreds of evidence with different field tags; nearly 1267 articles were excluded for
not meeting the inclusion criteria. Subsequently applying the inclusion criteria, 6
studies were included in this narrative review. By reviewing existing literature, this
paper examines the potential benefits of Yoga's stress-reducing, anxiety-managing,
and coping-enhancing effects, along with the social support and quality of life
improvements, demonstrating its potential as a valuable complementary therapy
for TB patients.
Keywords: Psychological aspects; Yoga; Complementary therapy; Narrative

Review; Pulmonary Tuberculosis
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4. Four Decades Journey of Integrated Child

Development Scheme Services in Pilot Project at T.
Narasipura, Mysore District.
Dr. C. Anitha
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies and Research in Food Science and
Nutrition, Karnataka State Open University, Muktagangothri, Mysuru, Karnataka,
India
Abstract: Paediatric malnutrition has always been a matter of national concern.
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) scheme – one of the most
prestigious and premier national human resource development programmes of the
Government of India was launched in 1975, aimed at addressing malnutrition,
health and also development needs of young children, pregnant and nursing
mothers. The Integrated Child Development Services Scheme was started in
Karnataka, India on 2nd October 1975 with a pilot project at T. Narasipura in
Mysore District with just 100 Anganwadi Centres. Since then, the programme has
expanded to all the revenue taluks in the state. Hence the present study was taken
up to understand the journey from the time of inception to date in Mysuru
districts, Karnataka. Information required for the assessment was elicited from
primary and secondary data.
The results revealed that linear increase in enrollment as well as coverage was
noticed from the time of inception to the date of assessment. This suggests the
dissipation of information about the supplementary feeding in Non-Integrated
Child Development Service areas, hence on introduction of Integrated Child
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Development Service in these areas, immunization, supplementary feeding was

readily accepted and continued to be accepted at a higher percentage (100%). It
can be hypothesized that community perception and participation about any
program parallely improves with the period of its existence. However, it is
noteworthy that activities such as non-formal preschool education, health and
nutritional education and health camps tended to decline after 10 th year of its
inception forming a plateau there after.
Based on the results, it was concluded that the year of inception has a definite
effect on the performance of few of the anganwadi activities. This suggests for
timely assessment, revising and strengthening the mode of dissemination of any
community oriented government program so as to cater to the needs and
acceptance by the community.
Keywords: Anagwadi centres, Community, Children, pregnant women,

lactating mother.
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5. Investigating the Kidnapping and Community

Development in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Sulaimon Babatunde Mustapha1, Ganni Kashetu Mamudu2

and Adeshola Akeem, Alagbe3
1
Department of Sociological Studies Education
2
Lagos State University of Education
3
Oto/Ijanikin, Lagos State, Nigeria.
Abstract: The study will investigate the socio-economic effect of kidnapping on
the development of Iba and Igando LCDAs of Lagos State. A multistage sampling
technique will be use to select 150 respondents from ten (10) communities among
the Two (2) LCDAs. Primary data will be obtained by using Structure
Questionnaire through Personal Interview (SQTPI) with the respondents that have
formal education and mostly the male of the average of Forty-four (44)-Forty-Five
(45) years. The descriptive and inferential statistics will be use for data analysis. The
study will recommends that there should be collaboration between government,
community’s leaders, religious clerics and other stakeholders for value re-
orientation.
Keywords: Religious clerics, Kidnapping, stakeholders, inferential, re-orientation

and collaboration.
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6. IoT in Healthcare.
Rakesh Margam
India
Abstract: The healthcare business is undergoing a change because of the Internet
of Things (IoT). Healthcare administration is being transformed by the Internet of
Things (IoT), which has the potential to increase productivity, patient outcomes,
and resource consumption. To gather and share data, an "Internet of Things"
(IoT) system connects sensors and gadgets. Medical equipment and wearables are
increasingly using sensors and IoT connections. These tools enable physicians to
remotely assess patients' vital signs, compliance with medicine, and health. The
goal of IoT in healthcare is to enhance patient outcomes. IoT gadgets let doctors
keep an eye on their patients' health in real time and react to any deviations. The
quality of life, hospital stays, and patient health may all be improved with early
intervention. Chronic diseases may be managed with the use of IoT. Patients with
diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension may benefit from IoT-enabled health
monitoring metrics and personalized feedback. These tools support people in
taking control of their health, learning about their options, and making positive
changes. Self-management is made possible by IoT devices, which enhances
patient satisfaction, healthcare expenses, and sickness control. Applications for the
Internet of Things enhance resource utilization and operational efficiency, two of
the main problems in healthcare. Inventory, asset, and patient flow management
may be automated through the Internet of Things, increasing efficiency and
lowering waste. Healthcare professionals may be better able to distribute resources
and treat patients with the use of real-time data analysis and prediction algorithms.
Telemedicine and telehealth have become quite popular thanks to the Internet of
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Things. For patients in distant areas and those who are underserved, the Internet
of Things enables remote consultations, virtual visits, and telehealth services.
Doctors and patients may diagnose, monitor, and treat each other with the use of
real-time data exchange.
Keywords: IoT, Vital Signs,
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7. Emerging Issues of Human Resource

Management.
Jyoti
Research Scholar, Management, School of Leadership and Management, Manav
Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, India
Abstract: Human Resource Management discipline extracted its roots from
organizational psychology discipline and proved to be an important practice for
managing organizations. The role of this practice has emerged to be strategic with
due course of time. In an organization, HR has become an important strategic
partner and the management of the same has become a challenging task for HR
managers. Nowadays, the role of human resource management departments has
become indispensable for 21st century modern businesses. this article also
elaborates the upcoming challenges which are being faced by 21st century HR
managers. The literature analysis has been conducted to present emerging issues,
challenges, and practices of human resource management discipline in context of
21st century. HR managers are facing many challenges in present business scenario
like Globalization workforce diversity, technological advances and changes in
political and legal environment change in information technology. All these
challenges increase the pressure on HR managers to attract, retain and nurture
talented employee. HR professional can’t ignore these challenges rather they ought
to be line to design and execute innovative mechanisms of developing skills and
competencies of human resources to prepare them to accept the emerging
challenges. This paper analysis the various challenges which are emerging in the
field of HRM. The managers today face a whole new array of changes like
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globalization, technological advances and changes in political and legal

environment. changes in Information technology. This has lead to a paradigm shift
in the of roles professional personnel. The great challenge of HRM is to attract,
retain and nurture talented employees. This paper also analysis how to overcome
with these challenges. These challenges can overcome through cross cultural
training, technological and informational training of HR people and motivation of
employees through various techniques.
Keywords: Human Resource Challenges, HR Managers, Issues and HRM.
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8. Issues of Inter-State Migrant Labourers: A

Sociological Paradigm.
Dr. C. Venkatachalam
Mentor Professor ICSSR & Senior Fellow, Department of Sociology & Population
Studies, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract: Migration is not a new phenomenon, since time immemorial man is
moving from one destination to another for various causes. The research findings
state that the push and pull factors are playing a vital role to motivate people. The
former talks about war, poverty, floods, droughts, crimes, terrorism, problems with
safety, and unemployment, and on the other hand latter discusses higher
employment opportunities, more wealth, safety, political stability, a good climate,
better services, and low occurrence of natural hazards. Though many types of
migration take place, inter-state migration needs a lot of insight and thoughts
because of the language barriers, cultural variations, food habits, neighborhood
relationships, remittance of money, and adaptability to local situations. From a
Sociological perspective, functionalism narrates that society is interrelated, inter-
woven, interdependent, and interlocked, the paper highlights people’s movement
from one state to another to get employment. Interstate migrant workers can be
chiefly characterized as permanent migrants, semi-permanent migrants, and
seasonal, and circular migrants (Srivastava, 2020). Semi-permanent migrants may
lack the income to make an eternal move yet exist in their receiving states
(destination) for decades. They are likely to have sufficient resources in their
sending states’ source. On the conflicting, seasonal, or circular migrants are those
who stay at a particular location to deliver their best through the seasonal jobs that
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they may have obtained there, only to shift to another place to look out for a new
job at the end of the season. They still need social safety and well-being measures
in their place of stay, although for a short period of time. Indian Census 2011, the
total number of internal migrants in India is 36 crore or 37.00% of the country’s
population. The notable states in India for more migrant workers for the rest of
the places are Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, and
Odisha. The states such as Maharashtra, Delhi, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka,
and Punjab are in a position to provide employment chances in the informal
sectors. More number of males migrate, mainly working in construction industries
and related jobs, knitting industries, hotels, and even small business areas inviting
the research focus on the nature of accommodation, health facilities, type of jobs,
food security, and living standards of the migrant workers are to be looked into
methodically to find out the better ways of increases the production processes
and descent life for both the migrant labourers and the industries which extend
the economic prosperities. The Sociological paradigm identifies that work is
perishable, and it is precious also which is available to the migrant workers.
Further, the work is an art, science, and a profession which to be understood
from different dimensions as an expenditure of energy to gain a positive
economy. In this context, the paper throws its light on four issues pertaining to
inter-state migrant labours’ health, neighbourhood relationships, economic
dimensions, and adaptability to local conditions.
Keywords: Positive economy, Local condition, Functionalist Perspective,

Economic Prosperities, Construction industry, Informal sector
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9. Understanding Pragmatism in Research: Everyday

Practice to Metaphysics.
Kuldip Neupane
Ph.D. Scholar, Tribhuwan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
Abstract: Pragmatists consider pragmatism more an attitude than philosophy.
Proponents of pragmatism refute the ultimate truth. Ontologically, pragmatism
keeps more faith in action than the result which has an if (action) – then (result)
relationship. Since theories and principles are rooted in contingent praxis, action is
the center of pragmatism. Individual perception of knowledge counts more in
pragmatism for the worldview of an individual depends on the standpoint which
differs from person to person. Knowledge, for pragmatists, is socially constructed
which holds the quality of being practical and it is never final. Pragmatism
describes the world as being at some points of the continuum between the two
extremes; subjectivity – objectivity, post-positivism – constructivism, and scientific
explanation – humanistic explanation but just not touch any extremes. It endorses
democracy – participatory democracy which opens the door for the marginalized
and oppressed. Language for pragmatism is just a means of communication.
Formality or informality in language use does not make a significant difference in
its underlying meaning. This article followed a semi-systematic literature review
approach as the method of research to conclude. The research concluded that
pragmatism portrays principles, theories, and philosophies are the consequences of
social actions. They do not hold the capacity of running the world rather they are
guided fallibly by the continuously flowing social actions.
Keywords: Pragmatism, truth, reality, knowledge
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10. Understanding the Psychology of Juvenile

Delinquents: Unraveling the Factors, Implications,
and Interventions.
Ms. Jyoti Kamble
Assistant Professor, Amity University Maharashtra, India
Abstract: Juvenile delinquency continues to be a pressing social issue with

significant implications for individuals, families, and communities. This abstract
provides an overview of a comprehensive research study aimed at understanding
the psychology of juvenile delinquents, including the factors contributing to
delinquent behavior, the implications for individuals and society, and the
interventions that can effectively address this complex issue.
The study employs a multidisciplinary approach, drawing upon psychological

theories, socio-economic factors, and criminological perspectives to explore the
underlying causes of juvenile delinquency. It examines individual risk factors such
as family environment, peer influence, educational challenges, and psychological
disorders, as well as broader societal factors like poverty, inequality, and exposure
to violence.
By unraveling these factors, the study sheds light on the intricate interplay between
personal vulnerabilities and environmental influences that contribute to delinquent
behavior. Additionally, it investigates the short- and long-term implications of
juvenile delinquency, including academic difficulties, substance abuse, mental
health problems, and an increased likelihood of adult criminal behavior.
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The research also highlights various evidence-based interventions designed to

prevent and address juvenile delinquency. These interventions range from early
intervention programs targeting at-risk youth to comprehensive rehabilitation
approaches within the juvenile justice system. The study examines the effectiveness
of therapeutic interventions, cognitive-behavioral therapies, family-based
interventions, and community-based programs, while considering the importance
of individualized and holistic approaches tailored to the unique needs of each
juvenile offender.
Ultimately, this research aims to enhance our understanding of the psychology of

juvenile delinquents and provide valuable insights into the development of
effective prevention and intervention strategies. By addressing the root causes of
delinquent behavior and considering the diverse needs of at-risk youth, this study
contributes to the broader goal of fostering positive youth development, reducing
recidivism rates, and promoting a safer and more inclusive society.
Keywords: Juvenile Delinquents, Criminal Behavior, Interventions.
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11. Understanding Pragmatism for Research: Which

Pragmatism?
Kuldip Neupane
Tribhuwan University, Nepal
Abstract: Pragmatism describes the world as being at some points of the
continuum between two extremes, positivism (objectivity) and constructivism
(subjectivity). Positivism says that the investigation of social phenomena can be
done in a similar way to that of natural sciences through regular and predictable
approaches. It is controllable and has objective quality. At the other extreme,
constructivism claims that knowledge is subjective and is constructed from
individual, social perspectives. It is not controllable and has to be explored.
Pragmatism, on the third stance, views that knowledge can be explored and
constructed employing both subjective and objective information. This semi-
systematic literature review paper found that the core pragmatism, in research, lies
at the center of positivism – constructivism; and objectivity – subjectivity extremes
at X and Y axis. The core pragmatic research demonstrates equal weightage of
positivism (objective data) and constructivism (subjective data). This research
proposes four different routes of mixed research under pragmatism. The core
conclusion is that the result of pragmatic research depends on the opening thought
of the researcher; whether it is positivism (objective data) laden or constructivism
(subjective data) laden. Moreover, alignment to objectivity or subjectivity
determines the result. Thus, pragmatism suggests that the result is not in the hand
of the researcher.
Keywords: Pragmatism, constructivism, positivism, subjectivity, objectivity

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12. The Pivotal Role of ESG Disclosures in

Enhancing the Performance of Ghana's Banks.
Prince Dacosta Anaman1 and Gloria Ama Dzakah2

1
Accounting Department, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
2
Department of Accounting Education, Akenten Appiah-Menka University of
Skills Training and Entrepreneurial Development, Kumasi, Ghana
Abstract: This research study offers a comprehensive analysis of the complex

relationship between Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) disclosures
and the financial performance of banks operating in the vibrant economic
environment of Ghana. By employing a comprehensive mixed methodology
approach, this study integrates the advantages of both descriptive and causal
research designs.
The study used a stratified random sample of 245 employees from different
commercial banks in the Greater Accra Region. After data collection through the
use of structured questionnaires, the study found out that environmental, social
and governance disclosures had a positive influence on the financial performance
of banks in Ghana. The findings of the study therefore demonstrate the beneficial
effects of environmental, social, and governance performance on the banks'
financial outcomes.
The study further highlights the significant importance of ESG disclosures in

improving financial performance within Ghana's banking sector. The study also
provides valuable insights that can inform future sustainability and growth
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strategies in a dynamic developing economic environment. Thus, this study

enhances understanding of ESG disclosures' role in banking performance, filling
an academic gap while providing Ghana's banking sector with actionable, evidence-
based sustainability strategies.
Keywords: ESG Disclosures, Financial Performance, Commercial Banks,

Sustainability Issues
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13. Changes in the genes and proteins expression of

certain osmosensitive channel and transporter in
primary hepatocytes of air-breathing catfish, Clarias
magur: A strategy to adapt under osmotic stress.
Annu Kumari1 and Nirmalendu Saha2

1
The Assam Royal Global University, Department of Zoology, Guwahati- 781035,
Assam, India.
2
North-Eastern Hill University, Department of Zoology Shillong, Meghalaya,
India
Abstract: Environmental osmolarity is an important abiotic ecological factor that

affects several metabolic activities of aquatic organisms. Air-breathing magur
catfish (Clarias magur) frequently encounter a wide range of external osmolarity
changes in their natural habitats as well as internal osmolarity. The main objective
of the present investigation was to demonstrate the influences of anisotonicity
exposure on the expression of certain isoforms of aquaporin (AQP) channels,
taurine transporter and urea transporter genes, and their translated protein
products in the primary hepatocytes of magur catfish.
These genes are known to play major roles in cellular volume regulation and water
homeostasis under osmotic stress. Exposure to hypertonic and hypotonic
environment for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h led to osmotic challenges in the primary
hepatocytes as evidenced by significant changes in the expression of mRNAs for
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aquaporins, taurine transporter and urea transporter and their translated products.
Thus, it is evident that the hepatocytes of air breathing magur catfish undergoes
RVI and RVD under hypotonic and hypertonic stress respectively along with the
activation of osmotic machineries for better survival under osmotic stress, which
may be an additional adaptational strategy evolved in this fish.
Keywords: Anisotonicity, Aquaporins, Taurine transporter and Urea transporter
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14. Impact Assessment of Watershed Programme in

Thoothukudi District of
Tamil Nadu.
Dr. T. Rajendran
FMERU and FMERC, LMSASS, Assistant Professor [Agrl. Economics] Tamil

Nadu Agricultural University, Agricultural College and Research Institute,
Killikulam, Vallanad, Tuticorin , India
Abstract: Even though watershed management has become an increasingly

important feature of water resources development in recent years in both
developed and developing countries, it should be noted that its importance has
been realized for at least 2500 years. The importance of watershed management,
however, has become especially relevant recent years because of the increasing
realization that the long-term sustainability of water projects is an essential
requisite for human welfare. Large-scale and medium-scale water development
projects are invariably capital-intensive, and economically they can be efficient only
if the benefits accruing from such projects can be assured over their designed life
periods. The agricultural watershed the main emphasis should be on the
management of runoff for its utilization by human, animal and plants.
Obviously, once the runoff controlled, the problem of erosion on which the
conservation works are based in many instances, is already taken care of.
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Engineering measures for runoff management in agricultural watershed are

contour trenching, terracing, check dams, gully control structures, diversion
channels, contour furrowing, contour bunding, percolation tank, anicut and runoff
storage structures.
Keywords: impact assessment, watershed, management, sustainability
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15. Piggy Bank Deposits Converted into Profitable

Future Returns A Sustainable Society. A Cost-Benefit
Analytical Perspective.
Ms. Jayshree Kargatia and Dr. Chandra Kumari
Banasthali Vidyapith Jaipur, India
Abstract: There was a time when Early Childhood Education (ECE) was not
given its due importance. But now everyone knows the importance of the
foundation years and how it affects the development in the later years. What is
important, then, is to see how much one is ready to ‘invest’ in this field, both from
the government’s side as well as from the individual’s/parents’ side. Here comes
the need to calculate the CBA (cost-benefit analysis) of investing. This gives a clear
picture of the venture with the pros and cons. Once the advantages are listed, and
since they outweigh the disadvantages, the idea of investing in the ECE program is
acceptable. After the significant decision to go ahead with the investment, the next
step is to work systematically on the project. This can be done by following the
CIPP (Context Input Process and Product) model of evaluation. Following this
model makes it easy and simple to form the program and see whether the ECE
program is giving us the expected results.
Keywords: ECE, foundation years, investment, CBA, CIPP model.
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16. Coordinated Border Management in India: The

Way Forward.
Dr. Bijal Zaveri1 and Marcos Miguel2

1
Dean of Faculty of Management Studies, Parul University, India
2
PhD Student, Parul University, Customs Officer, Mozambique Revenue
Authority, India
Abstract: This paper was conducted to assess the implementation process of

Coordinated Border Management in India through the exploratory method and
documentary review methodology. The paper has identified problems related to
the lack of diagnostic study to assess the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities
and threats in the six key areas of Coordinated Border Management which should
indicate the key priorities of the CBM Strategy, namely, (a) Legal and Regulatory
framework that describe the necessary legal basis for cooperation and information
exchange (MoU or Agreement); (b) institutional framework that provides the
organizational setting to introducing CBM (Steering Committee); (c) Procedures
for Cooperation (a body of principles and operational procedures for join
operations, exterritoriality, and related matters); (d) Human Resources and
Training (deals with recruitment and training on CBM), (e) Communication and
Information Exchange. Consequently, this study identified the absence of the
required CBM Strategy and Action Plan. The study employed the desk review
method which used both primary and secondary sources of data. The major
findings are that CBM is in the early stage and substantial progress in interagency
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cooperation and coordination in India has been achieved by establishing both

Land Ports Authority of India (LPAI) and Integrated Check Points (ICP). LPAI is
well positioned to become the Border Management Agency and ICP is on the right
path to meet comprehensive interagency cooperation and coordination and easily
implement One Stop Border Post soon. Recommendations: CBM Strategy is
required for the successful implementation of the process with the support of the
change management plan.
Keywords: Coordinated Border Management (CBM), Trade Facilitation,

Integrated Check Points, India.
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17. Exploring Innovation: A Comprehensive

Overview of Government Research and Development
Initiatives.
Saket Bihari
Assistant Professor, School of Education (SOED), K R Mangalam University,

Gurugram (Haryana), India
Abstract: This paper provides a condensed knowledge of the complete perspective

on government R&D activities titled "Exploring Innovation." The overview dives
into the objectives, strategies, and impact of these projects, emphasizing their
importance in mounding nations' futures. The review starts by emphasizing the
importance of innovation in societal advancement and economic success. It
recognizes governments around the world's understanding that R&D initiatives are
vital drivers of technology progress and solutions to societal concerns. This
overview's goal is to provide a complete examination of government R&D
activities and their varied character.
This analysis throws light on the tactics that governments use to support R&D
efforts. These measures may include supporting research initiatives, building
research centers, providing grants and incentives, encouraging academic-industry
collaboration, and developing regulatory frameworks that promote innovation. We
will investigate how these techniques not only give financial assistance, but also
foster an ecosystem that fosters innovation, collaboration, and the translation of
research findings into social benefits.
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The impact of government R&D programmes on numerous domains is being

examined in this thorough perspective. It will investigate how these projects have
contributed to ground-breaking discoveries, revolutionary technology, and
breakthroughs in important industries such as healthcare, energy, transportation,
communications, and agriculture. By spotlighting success stories and the good
effects of these projects, we may obtain insight into their tremendous impact on
society and the economy. We may get a thorough grasp of the tactics, goals, and
impact of government R&D projects by going on this voyage of exploration. This
review is a helpful resource for policymakers, researchers, entrepreneurs, and
everyone interested in governments' vital role in supporting innovation and
crafting a brighter future for all.
Keywords: Government R&D Initiatives, Innovation, Comprehensive Overview,

Objectives Impact
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18. Reflection Of A Creative Catalyst On ‘Sex For

Grades' In Tertiary Institutions: Effects And Way
Forward.
Ajayi, Olayemi T.
Department of Art and Design, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Poly Road, Oja-
Odan Expressway, Ilaro Ogun State, Nigeria
Abstract: Tertiary education, also known as postsecondary education, is a crucial

hub for learning that connects the workforce and the workplace. As a result, there
are great expectations for the lectors of the learning center to be morally sound
and of good manners, but unfortunately, the pedagogical ground is already tamed
with nefarious acts. One of such acts is sex for grade, which is having the girl child
as the primary prey.
Due to the weight of the forces that have been selfishly leveraging the sexual
reward for academic success, the horrendous act has regrettably become almost
impossible to abolish. Therefore, if left unattended, there is a tendency for this to
become the norm, which could potentially distort the quality of education and
foster an unskilled workforce. Also, the nefarious acts would create difficulty for
the workplaces that rely on tertiary institutions for skilled manpower and could
intensify unemployment rates in Nigeria.
As a result, this study, which is anchored in social responsibility theory, chronicles

the reflection of a creative catalyst, also known as an artist, who frequently takes a
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pragmatic approach to problem-solving. This research reflects on the issue,

highlights the effects of the act on the socioeconomic growth of a nation, and
advocates a creatively pragmatic solution called The Incognito Mechanism, which
could maximally attenuate the myopic act. Being a descriptive study, the study
materialized using the author’s experience, a literature review, and covert
observations. It recommends that the proposed mechanism be utilized, the
students be sensitized about the incognito mechanism, etc.
Keywords: Sex for Grade, Creative Catalyst, Soliloquy, Girl Child, Social
Responsibility Theory
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19. A study on Tribal market’s shifting dimensions as

seen via an online internet Amazon platform using
peripherals Internet of Things, Smart Speakers &
AWS.
Dr. Mohan.N
Associate Professor, Department of Management Studies, CMRIT, Bangalore,

India
Abstract: This paper aims to explore literature on tribal marketing extensively. The
tribal community is always seen as a separate group by people for marketing
purposes and for community marketing. It is generally presumed to be a narrow
population for a given brand as the tag ‘tribal’ can notes a different meaning. With
the progress of online platforms tribal marketing has also been seen as a group to
bring them into stream. IoT technology is used by Amazon, the biggest online
retailer in the world and a top provider of cloud services, to develop for a better
user experience.
Amazon uses IoT to gather data, make smart decisions, acquire a competitive edge,
and expand more quickly. One can have a look at how Amazon is using IoT into
Smart Speakers & AWS to gain a better understanding of IoT applications at
Amazon. The matured online marketing strategies and the progress mastery by
brands in online platforms have now versatility to push tribal marketing to another
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level as it is detailed in the following literature review. Cost advantage in the

thought processes of tribal segment is also discussed.
Keywords: Online platform, tribal markets, maximum support price, IoT, Smart
Speakers, AWS.
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20. Impact of Demographic profile of retail investors

on Trading Behaviour towards Future and Options -
A study of Kashmir division.
Khalid Mehraj1 and Dr. Vinay Kumar2
1
Research Scholar, BGSB University Rajouri, India
2
Assistant Professor, BGSB University Rajouri, India
Abstract: : This research investigates the demographic factors of retail investors in
Kashmir division which is considered important while making choices about
futures and options investments. The Indian stock market is well-known across the
globe and provides several opportunities to make earnings with a starting capital of
just a few thousand dollars. The research is conducted in the Kashmir region of
India with a sample size of 300 retail investors who actively engage in the Indian
stock market. The Indian stock market is the primary focus of the investigation.
The data was given by 300 individual investors from the Kashmir division. The
researcher developed an appropriate questionnaire with the assistance of the
pertinent studies in a well-structured manner in order to collect the current
experiences and demographic factors that influence the investment decisions made
by retail investors in the Kashmir division who have experience with the investing
phenomenon.
This was done in order to collect the information necessary to complete the study.
The Chi-square test was performed using the SPSS statistical package. With the
exception of gender and age, which are linked to information source and investor
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type, respectively, all demographic factors show a significant association with the
investing behaviour of retail investors.
Keywords: Retail investor, Indian stock market, Indian derivative market,

demographic factors and perceptions.
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21. Post-Castration pain assessment in Rabbits

treated with topical and systemic Ethanolic Extract
of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.
L. O. Oladimeji1, M. A. Kilani2, R. K. Omowumi3, E. O.

Abidoye4 and S. T. Fadason4
1
Department of Animal Science, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin Kwara State.
2
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine,
Federal University of Agriculture Zuru, P.M.B. 28, Kebbi State, Nigeria.
3
Department of Family Medicine, Federal Neuropsychiatry Hospital, Budo Egba,
Kwara State.
4
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Ahmadu Bello University,
Zaria, Kaduna State.
Abstract: An analgesic effect of Chenopodium ambrosioides (C. ambrosioides)

was studied. Twenty five sexually matured bucks were surgically castrated
following standard procedure. The animals were divided into 5 groups. Group A,
B and C were treated orally with normal saline, meloxicam tablet (0.1mg/kg), and
C. ambrosioides extract (500mg/kg) while group D and E were treated topically
with Fastum gel® (Ketoprofen 2.5) and C. ambrosioides extract respectively.
Blood samples were collected to assay for Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration,
Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH) activities
immediately, 1hr, 2hr, and 3hr post treatment, following evaluation of blood
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glucose concentration. At 1 hour post-treatment, each rabbits were video-taped in

a clear transparent 6˝x8˝x6˝ dimension cage for 20 minutes from which still images
were extracted for facial expression scores. One hour after the administration of
various agents the blood glucose concentration (mg/dL) of the normal saline
treatment group (267.67 ± 18.77) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than all other
treatment groups. At two hours after the administration of various agents the
plasma MDA concentration (nMols/mg) of the normal saline treatment group
(44696 ± 19071) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than all other treatment groups.
The overall Grimace pain score for the oral meloxicam (0.51 ± 0-0.9), oral C.
ambrosioides (0.71 ± 0.1-1.4), topical C. ambrosioides (0.55 ± 0.3-1.2) extracts
treatment groups was not different from that of the pre-surgical Grimace pain
score (0.36 ± 0-1) while that of the topical Ketoprofen score (0.8 ± 0.4-1.7) and
oral C. ambrosioides (0.71 ± 0.1-1.4) extracts were not different from the normal
saline (0.92 ± 0.5-1.6) treatment group. Chenopodium ambrosioides has better
antioxidative effects when administered orally while the topical application of C.
ambrosioides extracts produced rapid and better analgesic effects hence, C.
ambrosioides could be used in management of post procedural pain.
Keywords: Chenopodium ambrosioides, Castration, pain, Grimace Scale, Analgesic
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22. Targeting improvement and Screening of

ecologically diverse fungi for treatment of wheat
straw and biogas fermentation digestates from
agriculture residues.
Sukhwinder Singh1, Hauke Harms2 and Dietmar Schlosser2

1
Department of Bioenergy, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental
Research.
2
Department of Environmental Microbiology. Helmholtz Centre for
Environmental Research.
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ. Permoserstraße

15, D-04318 Leipzig. Germany.
Abstract: An initial pre-screening addressing fungal growth on either

wheat straw or digestates was carried out with 104 fungal strains (94
aquatic isolates and 10 terrestrial basidiomycetes). Depending on their
relative radial growth rates on agar plates, 28 promising strains were
selected for more detailed investigations. These strains were then grown
on either wheat straw or digestates (applied as solid substrates,
respectively) in 6 well microtiter plates. Laccase, manganese-dependent,
and manganese-independent peroxidase activities potentially
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contributing to lignin decomposition, and concentrations of total sugars

after acidic hydrolysis were determined in aqueous extracts of the solid
substrates. The effects of fungal treatments on water soluble high
molecular weight compounds (lignin constituents and humic substance-
like compounds) were assessed using gel permeation chromatography
(GPC). The remaining lignin content of the solid substrates and their
total mass loss after fungal treatment was determined with Fourier
transform - Mid Infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy and gravimetrically,
respectively. For instance, the litter-decay basidiomycete Stropharia
rugosoannulata and the white-rot fungus Hypholoma fasciculare were
found to release high levels of sugars and considerable laccase activities
at high lignin removal rates but moderate total mass losses, rendering
them useful for the pre-treatment of wheat straw. A considerable lignin
removal at moderate total mass loss of wheat straw was also observed
for e.g. the aquatic ascomycete Phoma sp. Cultivation on digestates led
to very high laccase activities in Phoma sp., hereby offering an
interesting option in using a waste product for the production of an
active biocatalyst that can also be employed for bioremediation
purposes. The evaluated parameters are of potential importance for the
accessibility of the treated substrates to subsequent biogas fermentation,
which will be exemplified and discussed.
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23. Mandatory Minimum Sentencing in Sexual

Offense Cases: Evaluating its Effectiveness and
Fairness in the Indian Context.
Waseem Akram
Vellore Institute of Technology, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract: Sentencing is a critical step in the criminal justice system in which

punishment is formally determined and inflicted on the condemned individual.
Across national jurisdictions, criminal laws provide penalties ranging from
minimum to maximum periods. In India, criminal law prescribes maximum
penalties for all acts, with sexual offences receiving a separate sentencing
framework after criminal law amendments in 2013 and 2018, which enhanced the
sentence and set minimum required punishments for specific serious sexual
offences. Mandatory Minimum Sentencing indicts and guides courts in selecting
the proper sentence from a specific range of penalties, and it has a favorable
influence on the system's inequities and inconsistencies.
The paper provides an overview of punishments and the legal framework

surrounding mandatory minimum sentencing specified for sentencing sexual
offences in Indian criminal law, taking into account the underlying principles of
punishment, deterrence, and public safety, in the context of assessing the
effectiveness and fairness of mandatory minimum sentencing. The paper
investigates the current practice of courts in punishing sexual crimes. The paper
assesses the efficiency and fairness of Mandatory Minimum Sentencing in Sexual
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Offence Cases by taking into account aspects such as judicial discretion, particular
circumstances of offenders, and the proportionality principle. It explores the
possible difficulties and issues involved with imposing mandatory minimum terms
in a variety of sexual offence situations, taking into consideration the intricacies of
consent, the gravity of the offence, and the potential effect on disadvantaged
populations.
Keywords: Minimum sentencing, sexual offense cases, deterrence, judicial

discretion, proportionality, victim rights, discrepancies.
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24. Empowering Educators: Envisioning Teacher

Education through the National Education Policy
2020.
Parminder Kaur
Assistant Professor, KR Mangalam University, Gurugram, India
Abstract: The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 in India is a comprehensive

framework designed to overhaul the educational system and equip teachers for a
society that is inclusive and future-focused. This research paper examines how the
NEP 2020 impacts teacher education in India and highlights the significance of
observing teacher education through the lens of this revolutionary policy. The
paper presents by providing an overview of its primary objectives and
distinguishing characteristics of the NEP 2020, highlighting its emphasis on
encouraging holistic growth, adaptability, and multidisciplinary learning. The
specific provisions pertaining to teacher education are addressed in detail, including
those involving the use of technology, the importance of continuing professional
development, and the redesign of teacher education facilities. It further investigates
the potential effects of these measures on strengthening the knowledge, abilities,
and attitudes of teachers by examining the NEP 2020's vision for teacher
education. It highlights the requirement that teacher preparation programs adhere
to the fundamental ideas of the policy, such as critical thinking, creativity, socio-
emotional learning, and pedagogical innovation. The article proposes creative
strategies for implementing the NEP 2020's vision in teacher education, drawing
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on relevant examples and best practices from throughout the world. It also stresses
the value of inclusivity, diversity, and culturally sensitive pedagogy in educating
teachers to meet the various needs of Indian students. It talks about the necessity
for a strong infrastructure, enough funding, and encouraging policies to assist the
reform of teacher education institutions. It will surely nurture the teachers with the
requisite aptitude, promote inclusive practices, and drive positive educational
outcomes in the diverse landscape of India.
Keywords: Teacher Education, NEP 2020, Multidisciplinary, Pedagogical

practices, Innovations.
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25. 21st Century Skills and Language Competencies

of Grade 12 Students: A Basis for Language
Enhancement Program.
Dr. Maria Morena E. Dela Pena

Biliran Province State University, Naval, Biliran
Abstract: The general purpose of this study was to assess the 21st century skills
and language competencies of Grade 12 students of Kawayan Districts. Employing
the descriptive-correlational research design, this study utilized the researcher-
made questionnaire, standardized questionnaire, and English Test to elicit the data
from the 159 students across Kawayan Districts. Findings revealed that most of
the respondents were 18 years old, female, and belonged to the technical-
vocational and livelihood track. Moreover, the students manifested highly skilled in
all the identified skills such as: communication; collaboration; critical thinking and
problem solving; creativity and innovation; information literacy; media literacy;
technology literacy; initiative and self-discipline; social and cross-cultural skills;
productivity and accountability; and leadership and responsibility. Further, the
Grade 12 students in Kawayan Districts were in the basic level as to identifying
errors, reading comprehension, and vocabulary are concerned. The study also
found out that there is no significant relationship between the profile of the
respondents and their language competencies, except for the strand. On the other
hand, there is a significant relationship between the 21 st century skills of the
respondents and their language competencies. After thorough analysis of the
findings of the study, the researcher came up with a conclusion that the 21 st
century skills of the Grade 12 students in Kawayan Districts do not affect their
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language competencies. Hence, teachers may initiate programs, projects, and

activities to enhance the 21st century skills and language competencies. Thus, a
reading program designed to enhance the language competencies of the students
may be proposed.
Keywords: 21st Century Skills, language competencies
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26. The Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in

Promoting Empowerment for Long-Term Public
Development.
A. Selin Mary
Research scholar, Department of Management studies, faculty in theory paper,

Virgin Town, Ikishe Model Village, Chümoukedima, Nagaland, India
Abstract: This article seeks to establish the importance of NGOs to long term
development. Many NGOs have programmer, functions and tasks that help
publics become empowered and eventually achieve sustainable development. This
paper examines some of the roles activities and program of NGOs, such as
microfinance, capacity building and self- sufficiency. Microfinance programs
increase the economic well-being of the publics by creating jobs and generating
revenue. In the long run, economic empowerment will help to sustain public
progress. NGOs promote public capacity such as the ability skill and knowledge of
mobilizing resources planning and evaluating public initiations and problem
solving to help people gain control of their lives. It also encourages the public to
get involved in the project and help them enhance their quality of life. Participence
are expected to plan public activities, manage meetings, and be hands on in public
efforts. NGOs help to long term public development in this way. Furthermore
NGOs mobilize public release their own potential and rely on their own resources.
In this summery, this study explains how all of these NGOs’ programs and roles
can help to release sustainable publics’ development.
Keywords: Capacity Building, self- sufficiency, empowerment, Microfinance.

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27. A Comparative Study on Social Work Education

in Kalyana Karnataka Region.
Suresh Naik R1 and Dr. Gouri Manik Manasa2

1
Research Scholar, Department of Social Work, VSK University, Ballari, India
2
Research Guide and Chairperson, Dept. of Social Work, VSK University, Ballari,
India
Abstract: This study makes an effort to compare social work education,

curriculum, research, fieldwork, and professional social work practices throughout
the Kalyana Karnataka Region. It examines the evolution of social work education
as well as top academic practices. Professional Social Work Education is
celebrating 75 years of its contribution to tackling social problems and social
welfare in India by undertaking this, which aims to comprehend the policies
connected to social work and social welfare in the area.
Social work attempts to build academic rigour, tests out new models and calls for a
legal professional regulatory structure while engaging the surface of social reality.
This article gives a general summary of the problems, difficulties, and worries
1
SURESH NAIK R, Research Scholar, Department of Social Work, VSK University, Ballari
rathodsureshnaik@gmail.com. +91 9611626699

2
Dr. GOURI MANIK MANASA, Research Guide and Chairperson, Dept. of Social Work, VSK University,
Ballari,
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related to social work education in the Kalyana Karnataka Region. The first part
details the historical development, the second part discusses various debates on
social work and the third part discusses the future concerns and challenges for
social work education in the Kalyana Karnataka Region and ends with a discussion.
Keywords: Social Work Education, Field Work, Kalyana Karnataka, Region.
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28. A detailed study of IoT-Architectural Perspective,

Protocols and layers.
Kamlesh kumar Raghuvanshi, Arun Agarwal and Subodh

Kumar
Ramanujan College, Delhi University, India
Abstract: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly evolving technology that

enables ubiquitous communication between uniquely identifiable heterogeneous
physical objects via the internet. Despite significant efforts to adopt IoT globally,
its deployment faces a number of research challenges. Security is a critical issue
that has a negative impact on IoT performance. Traditional security solutions for
IoT environments are limited by inherent characteristics such as limited resources,
wireless channels, heterogeneous communication protocols, battery operated
devices, and so on. Therefore, In this paper a survey of IoT architecture and
protocols with respect to each layer are thoroughly investigated. Also, the security
challenges, issues and trends are shown with complete details of functionality and
performance.
Keywords: IoT, security, challenges, architecture, protocols, issues, trends.
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29. A Novel Approach to Secure Reversible Data

Hiding in Encrypted Images (RDHEI): Addressing
Side Channel Attack Vulnerabilities in Cloud
Environments.
Neetha S. S and Dr. Bhuvana J

School of CS & IT, Jain (Deemed-To-Be) University Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Abstract: The increasing adoption of cloud computing has led to a greater need
for secure data storage and transmission in cloud environments. Encryption
techniques are commonly employed to protect sensitive information, but they do
not allow for the embedded data in encrypted images without compromising
security or altering the encryption key. Reversible data hiding techniques have
emerged as a solution to this limitation, enabling the embedding of additional data
in encrypted images while maintaining their security. However, the vulnerabilities
of side channel attacks in cloud environments pose a significant threat to the
confidentiality of data. This research proposes a novel approach to secure
reversible data hiding in encrypted images while addressing side channel attack
vulnerabilities in cloud environments. The study involves a comprehensive analysis
of existing reversible data hiding techniques, with a focus on their compatibility
with encrypted images and susceptibility to side channel attacks. Based on this
analysis, innovative algorithms and frameworks will be designed to mitigate
vulnerabilities and enhance security. Extensive experiments and simulations will be
conducted to evaluate the performance and practical feasibility of the proposed
approach. The outcomes of this research aim to contribute to enhanced data
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protection mechanisms in cloud infrastructure, benefiting applications such as

secure image communication and confidential data storage.
Keywords- RDHEI, Side channel attacks, cloud security
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30. A Novel Solid Waste Management Solution with

Green Hydrogen Energy Storage.
Dr. T. Ruban Deva Prakash1 and Achshah R. M2

1
Principal, JKKN College of Engineering and Technology, Namakkal, India
2
CEO, Effyies Smart Technologies LLP, Kanyakumari, India.
Abstract: This research paper presents a pioneering approach to solid waste
management by harnessing green hydrogen energy storage. The proposed solution
integrates smart waste bins, machine vision-based waste segregation, organic waste
shredding, AI-controlled composting, and IoT-based disposal, all powered by solar
energy with green hydrogen storage. The escalating global waste crisis demands
innovative and sustainable waste management solutions. Conventional waste
disposal methods are often inefficient and environmentally harmful. In contrast,
this innovative system offers a holistic and eco-friendly approach to waste
management. The system begins with a dump unit where waste is deposited,
followed by the segregation unit equipped with advanced computer vision
technology. This unit accurately identifies and separates plastic waste, significantly
reducing contamination and enhancing recycling rates. Next, organic waste is
processed by the shredder unit, where it is transformed into small particles,
facilitating microbial digestion. The digester unit creates an optimum environment
for bacterial growth, allowing rapid conversion of organic waste into high-quality
compost. Throughout the process, IoT and AI technologies continuously monitor
crucial parameters such as pH, moisture, temperature, and aeration, ensuring
efficient composting and reducing methane emissions. The heart of this solution
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lies in its green energy integration. Solar panels power the entire system, generating
clean and renewable energy. Excess solar energy is harnessed to produce green
hydrogen, providing a sustainable energy storage solution for times of low solar
output. This not only makes the system energy-efficient but also contributes to
reducing the overall carbon footprint. This solution not only improves waste
management efficiency but also aligns with global sustainable development goals.
The solution presents a comprehensive and scalable model that can be tailored for
urban areas, municipalities, and waste management authorities seeking to achieve
sustainable waste management and promote a cleaner environment. In conclusion,
this research paper outlines a groundbreaking waste management solution that
harnesses renewable energy and cutting-edge technologies. IntelliBin2Compost's
innovative approach offers a glimpse into a greener and more sustainable future for
waste management, contributing to a cleaner and healthier planet.
Keywords: Solid waste management, green hydrogen energy storage, waste

segregation, AI-controlled composting, IoT-based disposal, smart waste bins, eco-
friendly sustainable development.
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31. A Study of Frustration among the Students of

Higher Secondary Schools in Mahesana.
Mr. Ashok B.Prajapati

Assistant Professor, Soorajba College of Education, Kadi, Mahesana, Gujarat,
India
Abstract: Frustration is a fundamental ingredient of human life. A human being
endlessly involved in society and the human life is such that frustration is very
often felt due to social restriction, hindrance and bindings. Principally the
frustration big or small comes into every one’s life. It is obvious that small
frustration can be easily tolerated than a bigger one. However individual
differences are found in ability to tolerated than the frustration. In a situation of
frustration where an individual is frustrated depend on the frustrated individual
and situation. Some people are disappointed due to small difficulties face them
with nerve and alacrity. The situation of frustration is found more in the students
of higher secondary schools. Due to this belief of the investigator he has
conducted this study to acquire information in terms of frustration found in
higher secondary school students so that it can be useful for future researchers.
Objectives
1. To study the Frustration of higher secondary school students in context to
Gender.

Standard.
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Area.
In the present study the researcher used survey method as it was necessary to
accumulate information from the huge sample in very short time duration.
In the present research the data was distributed concerning the gender,
standard and area of school of the students as the variables of the study. And
the investigator on the basis of the achieved scores of the data distributed as
per the variable of the study, calculated average, standard deviation, standard
error and t-value for the assessment of the null hypotheses.
Finding of the study
1. The effect of gender was not found on frustration of students of

higher secondary schools. It means that gender does not create
effect on frustration. So that proportion of frustration in boys and
girls was found to be equal.
2. The effect of standard was found on frustration of students of
higher secondary schools. It means that standard create effect on
frustration. So that proportion of frustration in standard11 students
and standard12 students was found to be unequal.
3. The effect of area was found on frustration of students of higher
secondary schools in which the proportion of frustration was found
to be more among students of west area than the students of East
areas. Thus it can be said that area creates effect on frustration.
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32. A Study on Financial Products and Analysis of

investment in Mutual funds.
Dr Binny Cherian1 and Ms Taskeen Henna S2

1
FMERU & FMERC member, Assistant Professor, St Joseph’s Institute of
Management, Bangalore, India
2
Student, St Joseph’s Institute of Management, Bangalore, India
Abstract: Financial products are essential tools for individual and the organisation
looking to manage and grow their money. Products includes stocks, bonds, mutual
funds, ETFs and has its own risks and potential return, investors to carefully
evaluate their financial goals, risk tolerance, and time horizons. Previous research
has primarily relied on awareness of mutual funds, however having investment
knowledge and details about the mutual funds by investors is more significant. The
research includes primary data as well as correlation and regression analysis. our
finding indicates that majority of investors prefer mutual funds in their portfolio.
And found that most of the investments are done through the SIP. Diversification
is key to managing risk and maximizing potential returns. But it requires careful
analysis, risk assessment and a long-term perspective to navigate the complex
financial landscape.
Keywords: Financial Products, Mutual funds, Risk assessment, Diversification.
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33. Vowel Reduction and Syllable Structure in

English Phonetics.
Dr. Maagi Venkanna
India
Abstract: This study explores an important but little-studied feature of English

phonetics: the connection between vowel reduction and syllable structure. English
pronunciation is characterized by vowel reduction, which is the conversion of
vowel sounds in unstressed syllables, frequently into the schwa sound (/ǝ/). Our
study takes a dual-method approach, looking at a sizable corpus of English speech
data and doing a carefully monitored experiment on English-language learners. The
results show that the degree of vowel reduction directly depends on the complexity
of the syllable, with more complex syllables displaying less reduction. These results
are also mirrored in the difficulties that learners have with pronunciation and
perception, particularly in circumstances with complex syllables. This study
emphasizes the role of syllable structure in vowel reduction, offering crucial
information for phonetic education in English.
Keywords: Vowel Reduction, Syllable Structure, English Phonetics, Language

Acquisition, and Phonetic Instruction
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34. Patriarchal Violence And Its Impact With Special

Refrence To Purple Hibiscus By Chimamanda
Ngozi Adichie.
Swati Rai
Research Scholar, India
Abstract- If we look at patriarchy as a prison then who are the prisoners and who
are the prison wardens. Domestic violence is a widely used word but do we really
understand the root cause and after effects. This paper investigates the term
patriarchy and violence and their relation with each other with a special reference
to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s much applauded work Purple Hibiscus. It delves
around the suppressed women to whom God gave a voice to speak but permission
should be granted by the society. We live in a world where women cry in silence.
Adichie’s post-colonial novel, Purple Hibiscus focuses on several aspects such as
patriarchal subjugation, colonial supremacy, religion, violence, psychological
aspects and after effects of violence on adults and children. Such themes are always
visible in many feminist writers such as Chimamanda Adichie, Bell Hooks, Maya
Angelou, Ayobami Adebayo, Akwaeke Emezi, Chinelo Okparanta, Sefi Atta,
Yejide Kilanko who unveil the atrocities faced by women. There are a number of
incidents in the novel which makes us rethink about the humanitarian values and
basic day to day behavior. Adichie proves herself to be a feminist who drives the
readers from problems towards solutions.
Keywords: Domestic, Violence, Patriarchy, Adichie, Silence, Subjugation,

Suppression
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35. Innovations and Challenges in Succinylated

Starch Applications in the Food Industry.
Abraham, A. T.
Department of Chemical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye,

Nigeria.
Abstract: The novel ways and difficulties involved with incorporating succinylated
starch in various food products, as well as possible uses of succinylated starch in
the food business had been a concern to many researchers and industrialists. The
term "succinylated starch" refers to symmetry-modified starch that is created by
esterifying natural, pure starch from a variety of botanical sources with the help of
reactants like succinic anhydride, octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA), and dodecenyl
succinic anhydride (DDSA), which are used to create derivatives products of starch
that are suitable for both food and non-food industries. The versatility of
succinylated starch as a thickening agent, stabilizer, emulsifier, and encapsulating
material is highlighted in this review. The article discusses the most recent
innovations in the use of succinylated starch in a variety of culinary categories. This
article seeks to advance knowledge of the use of succinylated starch in the food
industry by giving an outline of the advances and prospects in food technology.
Keywords: Succinylated starch, Botanical starch sources, Food products.
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36. Integrating Multiple Theories: A Holistic

Approach to Knowledge Acquisition for Senior
Citizen Teachers.
Mumthaz Anjum1 and Dr. Jagannath K Dange2

1
Research Scholar, Dept. of P.G Studies and Research in Education, Kuvempu
University, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
2
Professor, Dept. of P.G Studies and Research in Education, Kuvempu University,
Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.
Abstract: This article presents a holistic approach to knowledge acquisition for

senior citizen teachers by integrating multiple theories. As the landscape of
education continues to evolve, it becomes increasingly important to equip senior
educators with effective strategies for facilitating meaningful learning experiences.
The article begins by exploring prominent theories such as Piaget's Theory of
Cognitive Development, Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory, Bruner's Constructivist
Theory, Information Processing Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, Schema Theory,
Social Construction, Experiential Learning Theory, and Connectivism Theory.
Each theory's fundamental concepts and principles are analysed in the context of
senior citizen teachers, highlighting their unique contributions to knowledge
acquisition. Furthermore, the article discusses the value of integrating multiple
theories to develop a well-rounded instructional framework. It explores how the
combination of these theories can create a harmonious effect, catering to the
diverse learning needs of senior citizen teachers. The importance of considering
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the social and cultural contexts, cognitive development stages, active learning
strategies, and technology integration is emphasized. Through this holistic
approach, senior citizen teachers can optimize their teaching practices, enhance
student engagement, and promote lifelong learning. The article suggests practical
implications and strategies for incorporating the integrated theories into the
classroom, including collaborative learning activities, experiential projects,
reflective practices, and the utilization of digital resources.
Overall, this article advocates for a comprehensive understanding of knowledge

acquisition theories and their application in senior citizen education. By embracing
a holistic approach, senior citizen teachers can foster an enriching learning
environment that empowers learners to acquire and construct knowledge
effectively, ultimately promoting their personal and professional growth.
Keywords: Knowledge Acquisition, Theories on Knowledge acquisition, Senior

Citizen Teachers, Lifelong learning.
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37. The Enhanced Role of Banks and Financial

Institutions Their Impact on the Agricultural Sector
Especially In the Rural Areas.
Dr. A. Ravi1 and Srinath M2

1
Principal & Director, Assistant Professor, RJS Institute of Management Studies,
Bangalore, India
2
Research Scholar RJS Institute of Management Studies, Bangalore, India
Abstract: India is an economy based on agriculture. It is the primary source of
livelihood for approximately 58% of the population (ibef.org) Agriculture forms
the major source of employment in rural areas. Any changes in Agriculture would
impact the GDP of the nation. Agriculture is capital intensive since there are many
inputs for cultivation. An average rural farmer is always in need of funds for the
purchase of seeds, pesticides, hiring farm equipments and setting up irrigation etc.,
they then try to get back their investment made on the above input shopping they
would have a good harvest. The farmer allocates the funds received on his harvest
for his personal expenses and also tries to save a portion of his funds received
from harvest for his future cultivation .The problem which generally arises is that,
the farmers on several occasions do not have adequate funds left from their earlier
harvest for future cultivation. They hence tend to depend on banks which play a
vital role in financing the deficiencies. There could be occasions when the yield is
very poor, this leads to excess borrowing by farmers from private lenders at
exorbitant rates of interest pulling them deeper under debt.The banks & other
financial institutions play a major role in the life of a farmer when compared to
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other institutions which could be, Government or Non Govt Agriculture support
bodies like ICAR(Indian Council for Agriculture research),NABARD(national
Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development), ICRISAT(International crop
Research Institute for semi-Arid Tropics) and others, who play an active
supporting role in agriculture However, the farmers depend on banks and
financial institutions since the interest rates are much lower and they also hope for
a loan waivers by the political parties who have promised the same.
Keywords: Banks and financial institutions, farming Strategy, Money Lenders,

Risk mitigation &Value chain.
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38. Infusing Mindfulness across Subjects.
Dr. Binti Dua

Assistant Professor, School of Education, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurugram,
India
Abstract: A mindfulness-based curriculum is a structured and intentional
educational program that focuses on teaching mindfulness practices and principles
to students. It goes beyond merely infusing mindfulness into various subjects and
instead dedicates specific time and resources to develop students' mindfulness
skills, emotional intelligence, and overall well-being. The curriculum would include
various mindfulness exercises and techniques, such as Mindful breathing, body
scan, Mindful movement (yoga), loving-kindness meditation, and mindful eating.
These practices are designed to help students cultivate present-moment awareness
and focus. Infusing mindfulness across subjects involves integrating mindfulness
practices into various aspects of the curriculum, not just confining it to a
standalone course. This approach allows students to experience mindfulness within
the context of their regular academic lessons and activities. By infusing
mindfulness across subjects, educators can create a holistic learning experience that
supports students' emotional well-being, focus, and engagement throughout the
school day. When integrating mindfulness practices, it's essential to provide clear
explanations and guidance to help students understand the purpose and benefits of
each activity. Unfortunately, too often, students experience fear and anxiety
towards many subjects, sometimes caused by past negative experiences while
learning. To overcome their anxiety one of the simplest strategies you can employ
is the idea of a mindfulness minute. A mindfulness minute does not take up a lot
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of time, and can be used throughout a lesson whenever necessary. Basically, you
can infuse a mindfulness minute whenever you feel your students need to focus
and be aware of their own feelings and behaviour.
Keywords- Mindfulness, Curriculum, Mindful Moment
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39. 3D Filipino Tactical Role-playing game with

modified an algorithm: An acceptance study among
selected Collegiate gamers in Manila.
Angelo C. Arguson1 and Rhonnel S. Paculanan2

1
Computer Science, FEU Institute of Technology, Manila, Philippines
2
Computer Science, Arellano University, Manila, Philippines
Abstract: As rapidly evolving technological applications, videogames, and
simulations have become successfully embedded into the formal teaching
curriculum (Vlachopoulos & Makri, 2017). Videogames and Artificial Intelligence
(AI) are both seen as exciting topics by many Computing students. In this paper,
the authors discussed the development of game software with modified A*
algorithm for pathfinding in the context of tactical role-playing games (TRPG).
Priority queuing was implemented in modified A* to provide the best course of
action during the gameplay as a strategy when moving on an isometric grid map.
Scrum Process Methodology was used to design and develop the game software,
with the purpose of completing the most important features first and producing a
possibly deliverable software. Mobile Educational Games strive to deliver
educational information and promote learning through gameplay on mobile
devices in general. A purposeful sample was drawn from college students in
selected schools in Manila who are either from Bachelor of Science in Computer
Science (BSCS) (47%) or Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT)
(53%). As shown in Table 1, there are 73 (76%) males and 23 (24%) females
students participated in this study. Most of them were freshmen (53%) and
Sophomore (40%) with age 18 to 35 of average 20 and SD of 24 years old. The
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results of the feedback, reviews, and evaluations from Student gamer experts
contributed to determining the acceptance and effectiveness of a Mobile
Educational Game. The survey results revealed that participants had a high level of
acceptance and positive perceptions of the 3D Filipino Tactical RPG (TRPG)
using the updated A* algorithm. The majority of participants said the game design
garnered the highest acceptance value (4.11%) which is interpreted as very good.
The grand mean for all the indicators contained in the Heuristics component for
Usability of Mobile Educational Games instrument for the game prototype yielded
an average rating of 4.00, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.08 which indicates
that the game software is accepted by most of the computing college gamers with
very good verbal interpretation. This implies that the software has the potential to
reach a larger audience and contribute to the expansion of game production. Based
on the input collected, the modified A* algorithms proved that the game is
effective and efficient in TRPG implementation.
Keywords: pathfinding, tactical role-playing, game development, non-playable

characters.
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40. Evaluation Of Different Adhesive Strategies On

Micro leakage Of Class Ii Composite Restorations-
an In vitro CLSM Study.
Dr. Sowmya Kallepalli

PhD Scholar, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Rama
Dental College, Hospital and Research Centre, Rama University, Kanpur, UP,
India.
Abstract: Aim: To evaluate microleakage in class II composite restorations using

different adhesive strategies under CLSM.
Materials and methods: Standardized class II MO cavities were prepared in

extracted human upper premolars with gingival margin 1mm occlusal to the
cementoenamel junction. The prepared teeth were divided into two groups and
further subdivided into two subgroups each. The samples of subgroup I1 and II1
were subjected to Etch and Rinse adhesive strategy and those of subgroup I 2 and
II2 were subjected to Self-Etch adhesive strategy. Then, the samples of Group I
were restored using Universal Restorative composite resin with 2 mm thickness
increments and Group II were restored with Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative
composite resin in a single increment of 4 mm thickness. Then the samples were
thermocycled and soaked in Rhodamine B dye for 48 hrs followed by sectioning
for evaluation of microleakage using CLSM. Data collected was statistically
analysed.
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Results: Statistically significant difference was observed in microleakage scores

between the subgroups of Group I and Group II using Kruskal - Wallis one way
analysis of variance test. The self-etch bonding strategy showed significantly more
dye penetration with highest mean score (1.96 ± 0.79; P<0.001, 1.89 ± 0.64;
P<0.001) when compared to etch and rinse bonding strategy (1.54 ± 0.61;
P<0.001, 1.56 ± 0.78; P<0.001) in Group I and Group II respectively. The Mann-
Whitney test was performed to evaluate significant differences in occlusal mean
scores and gingival mean scores between subgroups but the results were not
statistically significant though the microleakage mean scores were higher at gingival
margins when compared to occlusal margins.
Conclusion: Etch and Rinse adhesive could be considered as the adhesive strategy
of choice in class II situations in majority of cases as it showed low microleakage
scores compared to Self-Etch adhesive strategy.
Keywords: Microleakage, Etch and Rinse adhesive strategy, Self-Etch adhesive

strategy, CLSM
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41. Unravelling the Tapestry of Recollection: An

Interdisciplinary Journey.
Amalia Călinescu
Faculty of Business and Administration, University of Bucharest, Romania
Abstract: The current paper is an integrative study on memory. Its first part, “A
Neuroscientific Overview”, presents the most known viewpoints on the memory
process, along with the pathological case of patient HM, who lost his memory
following the removal of his hippocampus. Many concepts are therefore explained
in this part, such as encoding, storing and retrieving; sensorial, short-term and
long-term memory; declarative and non-declarative memory; the multistore
memory model; autobiographical and tunnel memory; lethologica, emotional
memories, peak-end rule, confabulation, false memory syndrome, déjà vu,
conscious inattention, Maxwell's demon, involuntary memory, memory malleability
and reconsolidation, Alzheimer’s disease and strip experience. The second part of
the study presents a humanistic perspective on recollection to demonstrate its
compatibility with the neurological processes of storing information and forming
memories. The final part, “Ishigurian Memory”, summarizes the phenomenon of
recollection from the perspective of identity crisis as experienced by the
protagonists of Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels. Only people seem to have the ability to
mentally project themselves into the past or future. The phenomenon is called
autonoetic consciousness and proves the interrelation of memory, imagination,
emotion, intelligence and consciousness as a way of creating a self-image.
According to John Locke’s memory theories, identity cannot exist outside the
process of recording and recalling past experiences. In addition to the fallible
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nature of Ishigurian recollection, the subchapter brings to the fore more subtle
nuances, such as feminine and masculine memories, the direction of recollection,
and memories within memories. In short, Ishiguro's characters return to their past
in order to give a healthy meaning to their present, and along with them so will the
reader.
Keywords: memory and recollection, Ishigurian memory, memory theories and

concepts, interdisciplinary approach to memory, Kazuo Ishiguro
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42. Numerical simulation by the FEM method of a

linear behavior of a reinforced concrete beam.
BENTAHAR Mohammed, HASSANI Fatima Zohra and

ZIDOUN Kdadidja
Faculty of Technology, Tahar Moulay University, Saida, Algeria

Abstract: Modeling the behavior of beams is an important phenomenon in the
field of civil engineering and for the study of structures. Moreover, the
objective of the work presented was to determine more precisely on the modeling
of the linear behavior of stress and strain in reinforced concrete beams, produced
by the application of a uniform load. Also, the different energies such as ALLIE
internal energy, ALLSE strain energy, external work energy, displacement and
force reaction of reinforced concrete beam of linear behavior have been evaluated.
by the finite element method (FEM) of a (3D) model. On the other hand, 8-node
C3D8R elements were used to model the beam and the plates, thus the T3D2
elements were used to model the trellis and the reinforcements. In addition, the
numerical simulation was carried out by the computer code ABAQUS 16.3.1.
Keywords: reinforced concrete, linear behavior, plate, trellis, reinforcements
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43. Navigating the Interdisciplinary Divide: Bridging

the Humanities and Sciences in Research Practise.
Motadi Masa Sylvester
University of Venda
Abstract: The ever-changing global challenges we confront require a synthesis of

knowledge from a vast array of disciplines. This research chapter, titled "Thinkers:
Creating New Ideas of Research," explores the interdisciplinary of contemporary
research practise in an effort to bridge the gap between the humanities and the
natural sciences. We investigate how these academic silos can be broken down to
facilitate the free movement of ideas and innovation.
A comprehensive research methodology based on a systematic review of secondary

data sources was utilised to conduct this study. We analysed scholastic articles,
research papers, and case studies culled from a variety of academic databases and
digital libraries. The selection process involved rigorous screening based on the
materials' relevance to our central theme, their publication date, the veracity of
their sources, and the methodological rigour of the studies. This review not only
helped us obtain insight into existing approaches to interdisciplinary research, but
it also helped us identify barriers to such collaborations and potential strategies for
overcoming them. Our findings highlight the transformative potential of
interdisciplinary research in fostering innovative solutions and cultivating a deeper
understanding of complex issues.
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The report concludes with a strategic plan for developing a synergistic and
collaborative research environment that promotes the integration of humanities
and sciences. Future research may be more dynamic, impactful, and solution-
oriented if it combines an interdisciplinary approach with ongoing technological
advances such as AWS-Amazon Web Services, according to this study. This work
contributes to the ongoing dialogue surrounding interdisciplinary studies and seeks
to spark new ideas, methodologies, and practises among researchers from all
disciplines, reflecting the core ethos of the RAMAS 2023 International
Conference.
Keywords: Interdisciplinary research, humanities, sciences, barriers, strategies,

transformative potential, synergistic collaboration
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44. Expression of SMAD2 and SMAD3 in tissue

samples of ESCC patients and their association with
different parameters.
Jayasree Talukdar1, Bikash Narayan Choudhury2,

Munindra Narayan Baruah3 and Subhash Medhi1
1
Department of Bioengineering and Technology, Gauhati University, Gawahati,
Assam, India
2
Department of Gastroentrology, Gauhati Medical College Hospital, Guwahati,
Assam, India
3
Department of Head and Neck Oncology, North East Cancer Hospital and
Research Institute, Jorabat, Assam, India
Abstract: Background: Small mothers against decapentaplegic 2 (SMAD2) and

Small mothers against decapentaplegic 3 (SMAD3) are important key regulators of
the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway and they function
downstream of receptors of the pathway to activate the pathway. Deregulation of
the TGF-β signaling pathway has been observed in the pathogenesis of numerous
diseases including cancer. The importance of this pathway in cancer has been
reported in numerous studies.
Materials and Methods: Real time qPCR was performed to study SMAD2 and
SMAD3 mRNA expression in tumor tissue of 50 esophageal squamous cell
carcinoma (ESCC) patients. β-actin, a human housekeeping gene, was considered
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as reference gene for normalization. The expression profile was analyzed to

associate with various clinicopathological and lifestyle factors like age, gender,
dysphagia grade, histopathology grade, tumor stage, node stage, metastasis stage,
habit of smoking, consumption of betel nut, tobacco and alcohol.
Results: Expression of SMAD2 showed downregulation in 90% cases (mean fold

change 0.37±0.29) and 10% cases showed upregulation (2.23±0.80) in tumor tissue
whereas expression of SMAD3 showed upregulation in 60% cases (2.35±0.97) and
downregulation in 40% cases (0.36±0.30). Among all the studied
clinicopathological and lifestyle factors, difference in gender (p=0.032), metastasis
stage (p=0.017) and consumption of betel nut (p=0.038) showed significant
association with SMAD2 expression and difference in metastasis stage (p=0.016)
showed significant association with SMAD3 expression in ESCC patients.
Conclusion: Altered expression of SMAD2 and SMAD3 may be associated with

ESCC progression. Reduced expression of SMAD2 in tumor tissue may be
potential biomarker for screening ESCC patients. Habit of consumption of betel
nut, difference in gender and metastasis stage may have some association with the
change in the expression of SMAD2 and SMAD3 in ESCC patients.
Keywords: SMAD2, SMAD3, TGF-β signaling pathway, esophageal squamous cell

carcinoma.
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45. Mental Health of Adolescents with Effect of

Social Media.
Sapna Choudhary1 and Prof. Chandra Kumari2

1
Research Scholar, Dept. of home science (Human Development), Banasthali
Vidyapith, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
2
Dept. of Home Science (HD, Banasthali Vidyapith, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Abstract: Social media has firmly established itself in the life of adolescents. They
communicate frequently with their peers on social media platforms. Adolescents
have embraced social media platforms as a part of their lives because they provide
them the chance to produce and share content in addition to consuming it. They
are also constantly exposed to social networking sites through their friends, so they
don’t need an instruction manual to use them. Adolescents today are surrounded
by social media and digital media at home and at school. Digital media such as
moving images, sounds, videos and graphics are combined in social media. As the
use of social media has increased in adolescents, its positive and negative impacts
have also been seen. Adolescents can gain advice from others on how to handle
challenging circumstances; they can minimize their isolation and also recover their
mental health issues. On the other hand, social media use can have a negative
impact on mental health of adolescents as by lowering self-esteem through
judgmental experiences, comparison of appearance and making fun of body image.
Keywords: Social Media, Adolescents, Mental Health, Impact
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46. Emerging Technological Methods for Effective

Farming by Cloud Computing and IoT.
Dr. Shaik Jaffer Vali

Department of Computer Science, India.
Abstract: This abstract delves into the cutting-edge technological methods that are
revolutionizing the agriculture industry by leveraging cloud computing and the
Internet of Things (IoT). With precision agriculture at its forefront, IoT devices
and sensors collect extensive data from the field, including soil moisture levels,
temperature, humidity, and crop health. This data is seamlessly uploaded to the
cloud, where it is analyzed and processed in real-time to provide farmers with
valuable insights. Smart irrigation systems powered by IoT and cloud computing
enable precise and optimized water delivery to crops, conserving water resources
and boosting crop yields. Additionally, drones equipped with cameras and sensors
fly over fields, capturing high-resolution images and collecting data on crop growth
patterns and health. These data-rich images are then transmitted to the cloud for
further analysis, empowering farmers to detect early signs of diseases and nutrient
deficiencies. Furthermore, IoT devices, such as smart collars and tags, monitor
livestock health and behavior, transmitting crucial data to the cloud for analysis.
This enables farmers to make informed decisions to enhance animal welfare and
optimize livestock management practices. Automation and robotics are integrated
into farming operations through cloud-connected machinery that can perform
tasks with precision and efficiency. These devices continually learn from data
collected from their operations, contributing to adaptive and intelligent farming
practices. AI-powered image recognition systems, integrated with IoT devices, aid
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in early detection of crop diseases and pests, minimizing crop losses and ensuring
sustainable farming practices. Cloud computing also fosters supply chain
optimization in agriculture by seamlessly connecting stakeholders, facilitating data
exchange, and enhancing collaboration. This leads to reduced food waste and
improved profitability throughout the supply chain. Predictive analytics, enabled by
the amalgamation of cloud computing and IoT, empower farmers to make data-
driven decisions by forecasting weather patterns, market demands, and crop
growth rates. These insights enable proactive planning and enhanced operational
efficiency. Farm management software, hosted on the cloud, provides farmers with
easy access to real-time data, streamlining operations, and enabling efficient
decision-making. The combination of cloud computing and IoT has brought about
a transformative paradigm shift in agriculture. By harnessing real-time data,
actionable insights, and automation, farmers can achieve effective and sustainable
farming practices, paving the way for a technologically advanced and
environmentally conscious future in agriculture.
Keywords: Smart farming, Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Computing, Sensors,

Edge computing, Data privacy and security.
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47. A Survey Report On Anthropometric

Measurements of Males (18-26 Years) In
Uttarakhand.
Archana Bahuguna
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Clothing and Textiles, College of Home Science
G.B.P.U.A & T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract: The aim of this study is to solve sizing issue in young males, size chart was
developed as per ASTM D 6860-03: 2006 standard by conducting an anthropometric
survey of 1350 males (18-26 years) of three main geographical regions i.e., high hills
(above 2500 m. altitude), middle hills (1000-2500 m. altitude) and foot hills or plains
(below 1000 m. altitude) of Uttarakhand by equal stratified sampling technique. It was
found that all the collected body measurements were normally distributed. Girth as well
as linear measurements shown positive correlation with stature and weight. Further,
statistical analysis was done to get a clear idea about the anthropometric variation
between males of different geographical regions. Variation in the body measurements
(cm) of males (18-26 years) of all regions found to be highly significant except one
measurement i.e., shoulder slope. It was observed that males of hilly region were
smaller than the males residing in middle hills and plain region of Uttarakhand and
most of the male’s body dimensions increases with age 18 to 26 years. Later, based on
percentile approach, the size chart for males (18-26 years) of Uttarakhand was
developed with the five size codes ‘S’, ‘M’, ‘L’, ‘XL’ and ‘XXL’. On comparison, some
measurements (cm) of developed size chart was close to the size chart of brand Peter
England and Manyawar basically due the fact that the developed size chart was made
specifically for the male population (18-26 years) of Uttarakhand. Further, on
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comparing developed size chart with international size charts, it was inferred that the
males (18-26 years) of Uttarakhand possess smaller body dimensions not only in girth
wise but also in length wise compared to American and Italian males.
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48. Climate change-induced alteration of ecosystem

conditions.
Abstract: Climate change-induced alteration of ecosystem conditions can enable

the spread of invasive plant species through both range expansion and the creation
of habitats and conditions suitable for newly introduced exotic species. This
research tries to climate change on “Eichhornia crassipes” intensification in Lake
Tana Sub-Basin, North Western Ethiopia. Land use land cover change was
analyzed using ArcGIS 10.8 and temperature and rainfall trend data was
interpolated to evaluate the effect of climate change on water hyacinth infestation.
The result of the study shows that the area covered by water was decreased
whereas the area covered by water hyacinth was increased by 9.3%. The highest
decrease -82.41% in land cover was recorded for savanna forest land which was
found in the surrounding area of the lake. A significant amount of water bodies
was also converted to wetlands due to the invasion of water hyacinths. The result
also shows that areas with high annual temperature readings result in a high rate of
water invasion. The study also suggests that areas that receive high rainfall were
characterized by having a high invasion of water hyacinth. From the study, it’s
possible to conclude that climate change facilitates the invasion of water hyacinths
in Lake Tana. Comprehensive management strategies by considering the existing
climate change scenario should be designed by the government, policymakers, and
environmentalists to minimize the effect of water hyacinth invasion on biodiversity
composition, ecosystem service, and the livelihood of communities.
Keywords; Climate change; Invasive species; Land use; Water hyacinth
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49. Assessing knowledge, attitude and practice of

postnatal mothers regarding care of the newborn at
selected hospital, Kolkata, W.B, India.
Smrttirekha Karaan
Clinical Instructor, Govt. College of Nursing, Calcutta National Medical College &
Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Abstract: A descriptive study is conducted to assess knowledge, attitude and
practice among postnatal mothers regarding care of the newborn in a selected
hospital, W.B. Non-probability convenient sampling technique is used to collect
data from 100 postnatal mothers. Structured interview schedule is used to assess
demographic variables, knowledge, attitude and practice of the postnatal mothers
and 3-point Likert scale is used to assess the attitude of the postnatal mothers. The
study findings revealed that most of the respondents, 79% had inadequate
knowledge and 21% had moderate knowledge, 2% had favourable attitude and
29% had unfavourable attitude. Selected variables were not significantly associated
with knowledge, attitude and practice of the mothers regarding newborn care. The
study has several implications in nursing service and education, and
recommendations were made for further studies.
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50. Enhancing Graduate Employability in Nigeria:

The Impact of Innovation-Driven Entrepreneurship
Education.
Adefunke Adetutu ODUMOSU

PhD, Business Education Department (Entrepreneurship Unit), College of
Vocational and Entrepreneurship Education, Lagos State University of Education
Oto/Ijanikin, Lagos State, Nigeria
Abstract: Addressing the crisis of graduate unemployment in Nigeria is crucial,
and a key solution lies in equipping graduates with relevant innovation and
entrepreneurship knowledge. The acquisition of quality innovation and
entrepreneurship skills is vital for graduates, as it determines their ability to
creatively solve problems that align with societal demands, whether through filling
existing job vacancies or becoming employers themselves. Despite the potential
benefits of innovation-driven entrepreneurship education in promoting creativity
and empowering students, little research has been conducted on its specific effects
on graduate employability in Nigeria. This study aims to fill the existing gap in the
literature. To conduct this research, the target population includes 36,494 youth
corps members from six selected states in Nigeria. A sample size of 533 was
proportionately chosen using a snowball sampling technique. Data was collected
through a validated questionnaire and analyzed using multiple linear regression.
The findings of this study revealed a positive and significant effect of innovation-
driven entrepreneurship education on graduate employability (Adj.R2 = 0.381, F
(4, 510) = 78.581, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the results indicated that educational
innovation (β = 0.823, t = 4.294, p = 0.001) and digital innovation (β = 0.648, t =
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4.875, p = 0.001) have a positive and significant impact on graduate employability.

However, entrepreneurship innovation (β = -0.037, t = -0.290, p = 0.772) and
agricultural innovation (β = -0.022, t = -0.289, p = 0.352) were found to have a
negative and insignificant effect on graduate employability. Based on these
findings, the study recommends that the government takes initiatives to support,
finance, and develop policies that promote innovation-driven entrepreneurship
education. Moreover, reforming the school curriculum to prioritize this approach
will empower graduates not only to be employable but also to possess the
capability to create employment opportunities for themselves and others.
Keywords: Agricultural innovation, Educational innovation, Entrepreneurship

innovation, Graduate employability, Innovation-driven entrepreneurship
education.
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51. Application of Gee Cloud Computing and Neural

Network for Crop Mapping In India.
Apurva Bhardwaj
(B-Tech Data Science Engineering 3rd Year), India
Precision agriculture is the agriculture with information and technology. Its aim is
farming based management system to identify, analyse and manage spatial and
temporal variability within fields for optimum productivity and profitability with
sustainable use of resources. This provides the technology for the environment
friendly agriculture for tomorrow mainly for developing countries. It is based on 5
Rs: applying the Right Input, at the Right Amount, to the right place, at the right
time and in the right manner. In developed countries precision farming has been
adopted for a long time while in India drip system scientifically, site-specific
nutrient management are the approaches we opt. We know that remote sensing-
based crop mapping faces many challenges so we can use big data, Google Earth
Engine cloud Computing platform along with Artificial Neural Network
Algorithms. We first collect field data and test samples by validating samples then
ANN work in our Local computer By GEE cloud platform we apply trained ANN
model to entire dataset by this we create crop inventory map by different visual
interpretation we can show mapping. For this ANN training we use time series
Sentinel -1 and 2 and various maps after processing clipping the cropland areas
then take images and create layer stacked mosaic imagery then do SNIC
segmentation after that we extract the reference sample values for ANN.
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52. Prominence of Sociology in Executive &

Advertising Approaches: A Sociological Study.
Dr. Sameena Zahoor Mir

Assistant Professor (Sociology), Ajeenkya DY Patil University (School of Law),
India
Abstract: Sociology plays a significant role in both executive and advertising

approaches by providing insights into human behavior, social dynamics, and
cultural influences. To explore the prominence of sociology in each of these
domains. Sociology helps executives understand the social context in which their
organizations operate. By studying societal structures, norms, and institutions,
executives can gain a better understanding of how these factors shape consumer
behavior, market trends, and the overall business environment. Here are a few
ways sociology is prominent in executive approaches. Sociology contributes to
market research by providing valuable insights into consumer preferences,
attitudes, and social trends. Executives can leverage sociological research methods
to collect data on consumer behavior, lifestyles, and demographic patterns, which
can inform decision-making processes. Sociology helps executives understand the
social dynamics within their organizations. By examining social interactions, power
structures, and group behavior, executives can shape organizational culture and
create inclusive work environments. Studying sociology helps to develop your
analytical thinking and capabilities. Sociologists analyze qualitative and quantitative
data to determine the effects of phenomena on a population. For instance, a
sociologist may discover that a country has an age gap due to an uncontrolled
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epidemic that affects the country's ability to compete globally. This analytical
method of thinking helps those in business with the ability to research market data
and eventually draw conclusions from that data. Studying sociology can also help
you understand the different motivations of different employees and applicant
demographics. You might notice a marked difference between how men and
women approach their work or their applications or you might notice other
differences between employee populations, like those born outside the United
States versus those born here or those with college degrees versus those without.
Understanding why different employee populations fit certain general behavior
patterns can help you create a more inclusive workplace that serves all employees.
Keywords: Social Dynamics, Business Environment, Organizational Resources,

Social Influence, Collaborations, Advertisements.
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53. Digital Learning Platforms India: A

Comprehensive Review and Analysis.
Dr. Meeramani N1 and Dr. Sharmila N2

1
Librarian, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), India
2
Research Scholar, Bharathiar University, India
Abstract: The rapid advancement of technology has revolutionized education by
bringing about digital platform that make learning flexible and accessible. This
paper discusses an overview This research study offers a thorough analysis of
digital learning platforms, including its characteristics, advantages and challenges.
The study analyse various types of digital platforms including Massive Open
Online Courses (MOOCs), Learning Management Systems (LMS), and virtual
classrooms. The paper also investigates the role of artificial intelligence,
gamification and social learning in enhancing digital learning platforms. Lastly, it
addresses the challenges and future prospects of these platforms in the context of
learning.
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54. Artificial Intelligence in Food Marketing: How to

Use AI to Reach Target Audience.
Bireswar Pradhan and Dr. Mou Roy
Research Scholar and Academic Counsellor -IGNOU, New Delhi, India

Assistant Professor- SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Orrisa, India
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various industries, and

food marketing is no exception. This abstract explores the purpose, methods,
research approach, and expected conclusion of utilizing AI in food marketing to
effectively reach the target audience.
The purpose of this study is to examine the application of AI in food marketing
and its potential to enhance targeting strategies. By leveraging AI technologies,
such as machine learning and natural language processing, food marketers can
gather valuable insights from vast amounts of data and develop targeted campaigns
that resonate with their desired audience.
The research approach employed in this study involves a comprehensive literature
review to understand the current landscape of AI in food marketing. Additionally,
case studies and industry reports will be analyzed to gather practical examples of
successful AI implementation in reaching the target audience.
The expected conclusion of this research is that AI can significantly optimize food
marketing efforts. AI-powered analytics and automation tools can assist marketers
in understanding consumer preferences, predicting trends, and personalizing
marketing messages. By leveraging AI algorithms, marketers can identify patterns
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in consumer behavior and preferences, enabling them to tailor their messaging,

product recommendations, and promotional offers to specific segments of the
target audience.
Furthermore, AI can enhance customer engagement through chatbots, virtual
assistants, and recommendation systems, providing personalized and interactive
experiences. This, in turn, can improve customer satisfaction and loyalty, leading to
increased sales and brand growth.
In conclusion, the utilization of AI in food marketing offers tremendous
opportunities to reach and engage with the target audience effectively. The findings
of this research will provide valuable insights for food marketers to leverage AI
technologies strategically, ultimately enabling them to create impactful marketing
campaigns and achieve their business objectives.
Keywords: Machine learning, Natural language processing, Virtual assistants,

Customer satisfaction, Loyalty
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55. A Study on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on

Consumer Behaviour.
Mrs. Padmashree R and Mrs. Harilekshmi H
Assistant Professor, RJS Institute of Management Studies, Bangalore, India
Abstract: Artificial Intelligence (AI) plays a critical role in monitoring the business
environment, identifying the customers’ needs, and implementing the necessary
strategies without or with minimal human intervention. Thus, it bridges the gap
between consumers ‘needs and effective or quality services. Therefore, AI is
modifying the economic landscape and creating changes that can help consumers
and entrepreneurs to gain maximum benefits. Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly
transforming the way consumers interact with technology and make purchasing
decisions. From personalized product recommendations to chatbots for customer
service, AI is becoming an integral part of the consumer experience. The impact of
AI on consumer behaviour is multifaceted.
On one hand, AI can enhance consumer experiences by providing personalized

recommendations, improving customer service, and simplifying decision-making.
On the other hand, concerns related to privacy, security, bias, and ethical
implications of AI can influence consumer trust, perceptions, and behaviour.
Marketers need to understand these dynamics and adapt their strategies to
effectively leverage AI in influencing consumer decisions. This research proposal
aims to investigate the impact of AI on consumer behaviour and how marketers
can effectively leverage AI to influence consumer decisions. Understanding the
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changing dynamics of consumer behaviour in the context of AI is crucial for

businesses to stay competitive in the digital era.
Keywords Artificial intelligence (AI), Consumer decisions, Consumer experience
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56. Self-Management Training on Quality of Life for

Tuberculosis Patients- Protocol for Systematic
Review and Meta-Analysis.
Mrs. Blessy Shalom Berry
Ph.D Scholar, School of Nursing Sciences and Research, Sharda University,

Greater Noida, India
Abstract: Introduction: Tuberculosis is still a major threat to the society and is

deadliest communicable disease. Main challenges in high prevalence TB countries
are poor follow up, incomplete treatment, developing drug resistance and also
disease transmission. Self Management training is a patient centered way where we
use for the patients who are demotivated to take treatment DOTS and also who
has no accessibility for getting DOTS services. It is a novel way of intervention
where we include patient and the family members who are willing to follow the
treatment of his /her own illness.
Aim: To assess the effectiveness of self-management training on Quality of life

and adherence of treatment among Tuberculosis patients.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review will be conducted on Randomized

and non-randomized control trials. The PROSPERO registration number is
CRD42023440254. In this review, preferred Review will adhere to PRISMA
guidelines and reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA)
will be followed and literature search will be conducted on Pubmed-Medline,
Science Direct, Scopus databases. The literature search for this systematic review
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will be done on studies published between 2008-2023.Quality of the study will be

assessed by JBI Clinical appraisal check list for RCTs and Non RCTs. Studies will
be included based on predetermined criteria such as studies included only in
English language with key words like tuberculosis patients, Self-Management
Training, quality of life .
Results: A descriptive synthesis of the findings of the selected studies will be

carried out, which will be presented with narrative summary with statistical
findings incorporated.
Conclusion: This review will provide up to data evidence to support or oppose

the hypothesis that self-management training is very effective in improving quality
of life and adherence of treatment among Tuberculosis patients.
Keywords: Tuberculosis patients, Self-management training, Quality of life.
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57. Comparing the effectiveness of distance

learning and onsite learning in pre-medical
course.
Prof. Dr. Pongkit Ekvitayavetchanukul and Dr. Patraporn

Ekvitayavetchanukul
1
The Board of Khonkaen University Affairs. Khonkaen University, Thailand
2
MATH-SCIENCE Elearning Education
Abstract: Distance learning has experienced a significant surge in popularity due to
the increasing digitalization of education. This study explores the effectiveness of
distance learning compared to on-site learning in the context of pre-medical course
students (grade 12). The research investigates students from the math-science class
and utilizes an online questionnaire in conjunction with the final results of the Thai
Professional Aptitude Test (TPAT). The study finds that distance learning, also
known as distance education, e-learning, or online learning, offers numerous
advantages such as enhanced accessibility, affordability, and flexibility. The
participants generally hold positive perceptions of online learning across three key
aspects: course content, teachers, and learning environment. Crucially, the research
reveals that distance learning students tend to outperform their on-site
counterparts in TPAT exams, although the difference is not overwhelmingly
significant. This study contributes valuable insights into the growing impact of
distance learning and its potential benefits for pre-medical course students. Further
research and analysis in this domain could provide educators and institutions with
valuable guidelines for optimizing educational approaches in the digital era.
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Keywords: Comparison, Effectiveness, Distance learning, On-site learning, Thai

Professional Aptitude test (TPAT)
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58. Destination Image Impact Post- Pandemic on

Behavioural Intentions of Foreign Students.
Dr. Swati Sharma
India
Abstract: The widespread of COVID-19 Pandemic throughout the globe has

deflated India as destination resulting to the unfavourable behavioural changes of
foreign student that the popular tourist spot of India which were stained with the
virus are ignored to set their foot. The goal of this study is to see if there are any
direct or indirect effects of destination image on behavioural intention via attitude.
Path analysis was used to analyse an online survey of 385 participants using a
nonprobability, convenience-sampling approach. According to the findings:
1. Destination image is directly associated with attitude
2. Attitude is directly associated with behavioural intention
3. Destination image is directly associated with behavioural intention
4. Destination image is indirectly associated with behavioural intention through

attitude.
As a matter of fact, the findings of this study will help decision-makers in tourism
destinations to manage their businesses in the best way possible to better
accommodate the post-pandemic circumstances.
Keywords: Destination Image, Behavioural Intentions, decision - makers
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59. Sustainability of the Environment through

Upcycling of Metal Scraps to Create a Mosaic for
Decoration.
Dr. Mohammed Kwaku Baidoo, Miss Edwina Elorm

Zormelo and Dr. Isaac Kwabena Agyei
Department of Industrial Art, Faculty of Art, Kwame Nkrumah University of
Science and Technology. Kumasi-Ghana

Department of Industrial Art, Faculty of Art, College of Art and Built
Environment, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi-
Ghana
Abstract: The depletion of natural resources can be said to have begun since
the beginning of the industrial revolution due to the fact that they were being
consumed more quickly than their replacement. One of such resources which
has always be in high demand for industrialisation is metal. Due to their high
volumes of usage in industrialisation, a lot of them are left as wastes of which
their disposal become threat to the environment. However, these metal
wastes can be reused to create decorative artworks such as mosaic, which at
the long round sustain and protect the environment. Hence, the study
pursued the upcycle of metal scraps to make a mosaic for decoration as a
means for the sustainability of the environment. The study employed
Practice-based research in art and design which is also known in some
quarters as Studio-based research within the qualitative research approach.
Aluminium, copper and brass metal scraps were the main materials used.
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Results of the studio-based study revealed that upcycling of metal scraps to

create a mosaic for decoration has supported the claim that using metal scraps
for artefacts can help the removal of threat that it poses to the environment
as well as serving as a valuable supply of materials to metal craft artists,
thereby bring about sustainability of the environment. The researchers
suggest that artist should use more creative ways of upcycling the metal scraps
by turning them into aesthetically decorative and functional artifacts to
contributor to the sustainability of the environment.
Keywords: Sustainable Environment; Metal scraps; Metalcraft; Mosaic; Decorative

Piece
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60. Leadership Styles and Employees Performance

among Broadcasting Stations in Akure Metropolis,
Nigeria.
Dr. Taiwo IBITOMI and Dr. Durotimi Amos DADA
Ph.D., Department of Business Administration, Achievers University, Owo,

Nigeria
Abstract: The broadcasting industry plays an important role through its

contribution to the development of a nation by shaping public opinion,
disseminating information, and influencing social and political discourse for
effectiveness in the entire system. Therefore, this study examined the impact of
leadership styles on employees performance at the broadcasting stations in Akure.
The objectives of the study examined the effect of transformational, laissez-faire,
democratic, and autocratic leadership styles on the performance of employees in
broadcasting stations in Akure, Nigeria. The research design used was the survey
method through the administration of a questionnaire to the respondents. The
sample size used for the study was 348 respondents selected from the various
broadcasting stations in Akure. The method of data analysis was multiple
regression. The study findings indicated that transformational leadership styles,
laissez-faire leadership styles, and democratic leadership styles used in the
broadcasting stations had a positive effect on employees’ performance. It was also
found that the autocratic leadership styles used by the broadcasting stations had a
negative effect on employees performance. Based on the findings, the study
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concluded that leadership styles have a positive effect on employees’ performance

at broadcasting stations in Akure, Nigeria. The study therefore recommended,
based on the study, that managers are required to increase the use of
transformational, democratic and laissez-faire leadership styles in their
organizations. Also, managers should reduce the use of an autocratic leadership
style except on occasions demanding quick decisions like emergencies or when
dealing with stubborn, lazy, or immature employees.
Keywords: Broadcasting stations, Employees, leadership styles, Managers.
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61. Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential: In vitro

Anticancer Activity, Analytical Profiling, and
Molecular Docking Analysis of Plant Extracts.
Nehal Rami
1
Department of Microbiology, Mehsana Urban Institute of Sciences, Faculty of
Science, Ganpat University, Gujarat, India
Abstract: Breast cancer remains the most prevalent cancer in women and one of
the leading causes of cancer-related fatalities globally. However, overcoming the
continuous resistance posed by the disease, developing effective prevention and
treatment strategies, and ensuring affordability are significant challenges in
mitigating its impact. This research aims to identify potential phytochemicals with
anticancer properties in extracts of Aegle marmelos L. using an in silico approach that
targets multiple pathways. Hexane, methanol, and aqueous extracts of Aegle
marmelos L. were analysed to determine their phytochemical composition, revealing
the presence of various beneficial compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids,
phenols, oils, phytosterols, coumarins, and saponins. Antioxidant activity was
measured using the DPPH assay, and the extracts exhibited remarkable antioxidant
potential, as indicated by their low IC50 values. The MTT assay was employed to
evaluate their anticancer properties. Cell viability was assessed for each extract by
comparing them to a negative control and a positive control (Cisplatin). The Aegle
marmelos L. (leaves) extracts demonstrated significant efficacy against the MCF-7
breast cancer cell line in this study. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis confirmed the
presence of specific phytochemicals in the selected plant extract. The identified
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compound from GC-MS analysis was further examined for its anticancer activity
through molecular docking, comparing the binding affinity of the phytochemical
with the target protein. Caryophyllene oxide emerged as the most promising anti-
cancer compound, exhibiting the highest binding affinity for Human estrogen
Alpha receptor (PDB id: 3ERT). These findings suggest that extracts of Aegle
marmelos L. (leaves) could serve as a natural remedy for breast cancer treatment.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Aegle marmelos L., phytochemicals, DPPH assay,

molecular docking, MTT assay, GC-MS
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62. A Study on Financial Performance Analysis at

SBI.
Dr. Venkanaik1, Mrs Asha KV2 and Mr. Ashwathreddy M3

1
Associate Professor, RJS Institute of management studies, Bengaluru, India
2
Assistant Professor, RJS Institute of management studies, Bengaluru, India
3
Assistant Professor, RJS Institute of management studies, Bengaluru, India
Abstract: Financial performance refers to the achievement of the bank’s

profitability and financial position with which a bank deploys its total resources to
optimise its profit and serve as an index to the degree of bank asset utilisation and
managerial effectiveness.
In this article an attempt is made to find out the financial position of SBI,
borrowings of the SBI, the liquidity and solvency position of the bank through
ratio analysis.
Keywords: Profitability, financial, and solvency.
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63. Crime, Causes and Cure: A study of women

criminals in Assam.
Mercy Hazarika
Research Scholar, Department of Social Work, Mahapurusha Srimanta

Sankaradeva Viswavidyalaya, Guwahati Unit, India
Abstract: Crime is an anti-social entity. It is as old as the human civilization. Crime

doesn’t only affect an individual but also the society at large. Crime has always
been associated with strength and hence was always considered to be a masculine
phenomenon. Thus, the concept of crime by women was something new and of
less importance to researchers lest the sudden increase in the number of women
getting involved in offensive activities. Statistics by World Prison Brief (2017) and
Indian Prison Statistics (2021) prove that the rate of female criminality is not only
increasing worldwide but also rapidly escalating in India. Based on the intensifying
rate of female criminality, it can be noted that research in this area is of utmost
importance. Thus, this paper made an attempt to study the various causes that
compel women to go astray. The main objective of the paper was to understand
the causes of female criminality that in return will help in finding ways to curb it.
By using qualitative research, a sample of 6 offenders (3 convicts and 3 parolee) of
a district jail in Assam were studied by using case study approach. The findings
state that economic enfeeblement combined with social exclusion and carnages
compelled women to commit the deplorable activities. The study also drew
attention to the fact that proper rehabilitation and reformation can help in
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reinstating the offended women. Thus, it can be concluded that rather than
punishing the offender, they need to be rehabilitated through proper counseling so
that they themselves can understand and differentiate the right from the wrong.
Through the involvement of professional social workers, the jail authorities can
work collaboratively to reintegrate women into the society and thwart them from
recommencing criminal activities and thus prevent recidivism.
Keywords: crime, women criminals, female criminality, recidivism.
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64. Principals Supervisory Techniques, Management

Strategies and Teachers Job Commitment in Public
Secondary Schools in Lagos State, Nigeria.
Dr. Oladejo, Muhideen Adewale1, Olaleye, Emmanuel

Olumuyiwa2 and Giwa, Yussuf Olaoye3
1
Department of Educational Management, Lagos State University of Education
Oto/Ijanikin, Lagos State
2
Lagos State University of Education, Oto/Ijanikin, Lagos State
3
Deparment of Educational Management, Lagos State University of Education
Oto/Ijanikin, Lagos State
Abstract: Job commitment of teachers has been a serious issue of concern among
stakeholders because of the continuous complaint about the performance and
commitment of teachers in recent times. This study therefore examined the
relationship between principals’ supervisory techniques, management strategies and
teachers job commitment in public secondary schools in Lagos State. The study
was guided by four research hypotheses. The study used the descriptive survey
research design and the population was 14,483 teachers in 322 Senior Secondary
Schools in Lagos State while sample of the study which was determined using the
Taro Yemane’s formular was 400 participants after which a multistage sampling
approach was used for selection of the participants. A self-designed questionnaire
which was designed on a modified 4-point Likert-type scale such as Strongly
Agreed (SA); Agreed (A); Disagreed (D); and Strongly Disagreed (SD) was used for
data collection. The face and content validity of the instrument was assured while
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the reliability was ensured by administering the instrument on 30 teachers who did
not participate in the main study once. The result was analysed using Cronbach
Alpha and a co-efficient of .77 proved the instrument was reliable for the study.
The researchers engaged Four research assistants in data collection after adequate
training on the instrument. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC)
statistics was used to test the hypotheses of the study at .05 level of significance
using the IBM-Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Version 23. The
commitment of teachers. Based on the findings, it was therefore recommended
that principals should use classroom observation efficiently to improve job
commitment of teachers and adequately resolve conflicts in the school system to
enhance job commitment of teachers.
Keywords: Supervisory Techniques, Management Strategies, Job Commitment,

Observation
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65. Effectiveness of yoga versus walking on blood

glucose level and quality of life among the adults
with type II diabetes mellitus: A Protocol for
systematic review and meta-analysis.
Darshana Hazarika1 and Uppu Praveen2

1
PhD Scholar, Sharda School of Nursing Sciences & Research, S.U, India
2
Associate Professor, Community Health Nursing, Sharda School of Nursing
Sciences & Research, S.U, India
Abstract Introduction:
Diabetes is a chronic condition brought on by either insufficient pancreatic insulin
synthesis or poor body insulin absorption.Yoga is an ancient discipline that aims to
balance and harmonise. the body, mind, and emotions. Yoga and walking are two
great techniques to manage Type 2 diabetes and promote wellness in diabetics.
Aim: To identify the Effectiveness of yoga versus walking on blood glucose level
and quality of life among the adults with type II diabetes mellitus
Material and Methods: The systematic will be conducted according to PRISMA

guidelines. The International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews has
accepted this protocol. (PROSPERO Registration no. CRD42023440255). The
literature search for this systematic review will be done on studies published
between 2010-2023 that are limited to English language. A preliminary search will
be made using PICO terms in the PubMed, CINHAL, Scopus and Science Direct.
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The titles and abstracts of the studies given will be combed for relevant keywords.
The quality of the study will be assessed by the JBI clinical appraisal checklist for
RCT and Non- RCTs. Two authors will independently assess the quality of the
work and any discrepancies will be resolved.
Results: A descriptive synthesis of the findings of the selected studies will be

carried out which will be presented in a narrative summary with statistical findings
incorporated.
Conclusion: This review will provide evidence of the effect of yoga and walking
on level of blood glucose and quality of life among the persons living with type II
diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Yoga, Walking, Type II diabetic adults, Blood glucose level, Quality
of life
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66. A Qualitative Juxtaposition of Twin Themes in

Charles Dickens Pasquinade Hard Times under
Utilitarian Lens.
Ms. V. Sharma
M.A.M.PHIL, Alumnae, Mother Teresa women’s university, Kodaikanal, India
Abstract: The highest education is that which does not merely give us
information but makes our life in harmony with all existence. –
Rabindranath Tagore.
Forever, Literature performs its perennial duty of mirroring the society. The
present paper sheds light upon Victorian society. Victorian age in literature is
undoubtedly an exceptional age in the social history of England. It is renowned for
its uncertainty, social – cultural crisis. It marks the beginning of Modernism.
Charles Dickens is the first great novelist of the Victorian age characterized by a
society which is rapidly changing because of Industrialization. As a master of satire
he presents a satirical view of reality. In his Novels, he showed a big awareness of
social problems of his time such as poverty of the masses, selfishness of Rich
upper classes, plight of the working classes, spiritual and material corruption. The
sensitive human and social consciousness of Dickens aesthetically responded to the
most odious and absurd in despotism or in oligarchy by placing human action
within the historicized co-text.
Dickens satirizes incompetent English administration and corrupt system of justice

of Victorian England. He underlines that love, not business is the basis of human
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relationship. He attacks institutions that stunt imagination and exposes cruelty,

inefficiency intends to examine and analyze the ideological apparatus that causes so
much of human suffering. The article examines the twin themes of
Industrialization and Education in Victorian era through characters like Mr.
Thomas Gradgrind, his daughter Louisa, Bounderby, and Stephen Blackpool.
Keywords: Industrial revolution, Machineries, Class Conflict, Education System.
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67. Ethnographic Research: Uncovering the Hidden

Benefits of an often Neglected Approach in
Education.
Dr. Samia MOUAS
Department of English Language and Literature, & Dr. Radhia AISSI,

Département de Français BATNA 2 University, Algeria
Abstract: In the realm of educational research, traditional quantitative

methodologies have long dominated the landscape, leaving ethnographic research
relatively overlooked and underutilized. This presentation aims to shed light on the
hidden benefits of ethnographic research as an alternative and complementary
approach in education. Ethnography provides a unique lens through which
researchers can delve into the lived experiences, social interactions, and cultural
practices of individuals within educational settings. The presentation will also
explore the various methods employed in ethnographic research, such as
participant observation, interviews, and document analysis, emphasizing how they
synergistically contribute to a nuanced understanding of educational phenomena.
Through engaging narratives and real-world examples, the audience will gain a
deeper appreciation for how ethnographic research can unveil nuanced insights,
inform policy decisions, and foster more inclusive and culturally responsive
educational practices. Suggestions of ethnographic studies of the culture of
communication in Algeria are also presented.
Keywords: Ethnographic Research; Language; culture; Communication
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68. Negotiating Subjectivities: Contesting Histories

of Los Angeles – A Reading of Karen Tei
Yamashita’s Tropic of Orange.
Soorya Alex
Research Scholar, Department of Studies in English, Dr. Janaki Ammal Campus,
Kannur University, Kerala, India
Abstract: This paper explores the relationship between contesting histories of

different communities emerging within a unique socio—political dimension of
space, structured with multiculturalism as a nodal point within the domain of a
philosophical school of thought, New materialism. Based on the structural
analysis of new materialism, this paper attempts to contextualize a differential
understanding in the culture of the city of Los Angeles as depicted in the work of
the Japanese American writer Karen Tei Yamashita’s Tropic of Orange (1997). The
study shows how this globalizing city becomes a site where deep histories route
and reroute themselves with the flow and migration of people, products,
information, knowledge and capital cutting across different boundaries of
experiences and dynamic relationships. The work shows how subjectivities are
negotiated and an understanding of non human things, objects and matter comes
into force with the interpenetrations that happen in the human and non human
levels of communications. The globalizing city in question is thus marked by a
temporality dominated by anthropocentric changes to the environment
conspicuous with the cultural, social and ethnic points where interethnic
identities recurrently debate beyond conventional notions of cultural divides. The
interpretation favors a highly urbanized angle of multiculturalism persisting in
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Los Angeles where frontiers break down and are redefined continuously as a
nexus of ecological space, molded by material histories and unjust social systems
converging within a post humanistic and post anthropocentric continuum. The
novel raises questions related to the political consciousness formulated by the
global city of Los Angeles that comes up with the ‘Global North’ and ‘Global
South’ with entanglements that fragment and converge each other without an
origin and decenters the racial and spatial world.
Keywords: Subjectivity, New materialism, anthropocentrism, Post humanism,

multiculturalism
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69. Designing Equitable Education policy for School

Education in Bhutan.
Phuntsho Wangdi
PhD Candidate, School of Public Policy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai,
Thailand.
Abstract: The 21st century characterised by major social, cultural and economic
transitions has significantly influenced education policies and reforms. In keeping
with the free market principles of the globalised economy, reforms were targeted
to break the monopoly of the state's autonomy on education, encouraging
liberalisation, privatisation and competition. Concomitantly, increased
interconnectedness and interactions between countries fostered by globalisation
triggered exchanges and collaborations in educational policies and frameworks.
However, in the contemporary world, in addition to education characterised by

knowledge, skills and aptitude, transversal competencies are increasingly becoming
essential for future work-ready and life-ready individuals. Subsequently, the future
of education is becoming more fluid and flexible and education delivery modes are
for a lifetime than an institutionalised and structured school period. Facilitated by
digital technology, the convenience of teaching and learning is enhanced since it
can happen from anywhere. As technologies take over more human tasks, the
nature and culture of work are also changing. Given the nature of constant changes
sweeping across today’s world, it is vital that education policies are adapted to suit
the needs of the changing times. Otherwise, inequities and inequality in education
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will breed and inequitable educational policies would further aggravate social
inequities.
This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of education inequities

through a policy design framework. Bhutan’s case is considered since its
educational policies are guided by its development philosophy of Gross National
Happiness, which aspires to create a harmonious social condition by underpinning
the values of universalism, equal entitlements and equity. The government’s
policies from 1961 to 2022 are reviewed. Gaps in policy design, including
formulation and implementation processes, are identified through literature
reviews and deliberative processes. The paper finally proposes a framework for an
equitable policy design for Bhutan.
Keywords: Education, equity, reform, policy design
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70. Recent works in synthesis and Characterization

of Magnetically Active Metal Ferrite Nanoparticles
and Their Application for the Synthesis of Important
Heterocycles.
Mr. Spandan Saikia
Research Scholar, Rajiv Gandhi University, Arunachal Pradesh, India

Abstract: The integration of nanotechnology into various scientific disciplines has
revolutionized materials science, catalysis, and drug development. This abstract
presents a comprehensive review study on the recent works synthesis and
characterization of magnetically active metal ferrite nanoparticles and their
application in the synthesis of important heterocycles. Some simple and reported
wet chemical process was used to create magnetically active metal ferrite
nanoparticles using environmentally friendly precursors. The divulge metal ferrites,
including but not limited to, iron oxide (Fe3O4), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), and
nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4), was described to exhibit unique magnetic properties,
rendering them as potential candidates for diverse applications. The morphological
and structural characterization of the nanoparticles was reported using advanced
techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR). These analyses was reported to provide insights into the size,
shape, crystallinity, and surface functionalization of the metal ferrite nanoparticles.
Furthermore, A plethora of reports are available describing the catalytic potential
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of the synthesized magnetically active metal ferrites that was explored in the
synthesis of various biologically important heterocyclic compounds. The magnetic
recovery feature of these nanoparticles facilitated facile separation and recycling,
thus making them attractive and sustainable catalysts for organic transformations.
Copious amount of reports stated that the use of magnetically retrievable catalysts
significantly reduced reaction times and enhanced the overall efficiency of the
processes, making them economically viable and environmentally friendly. Reports
demonstrating the application of magnetically active metal ferrite nanoparticles as
catalysts which exhibited excellent yields and selectivity in the synthesis of diverse
heterocycles, including pyridines, pyrazines, quinolones, indoles and their
derivatives are bought into light. The magnetic nanoparticles are proven to be
efficient and versatile tools in the synthesis of important heterocyclic scaffolds,
showcasing their potential in drug discovery and pharmaceutical industries.
Keywords: Nanotechnology, Catalysis, Heterocyclic compounds, Organic

transformations
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71. Ante-Natal Care Seeking Behaviour of Rural

Mothers in Selected District of Tripura.
Dr Maitri Chaudhuri
Principal, Agartala Government Nursing College, Agartala, West Tripura, India.
Abstract:
Background: Rural community of Tripura believe in traditional medicine, i.e.

herbs etc. traditional healers, i.e. priests and saints, traditional midwives. Lack of
knowledge, ignorance and negligence among the rural ante-natal mother tends to
poor health seeking behaviour during the pregnancy. Increase awareness of
maternal and new-born health needs and self-care during pregnancy and the
postnatal period, including the need for social support during and after pregnancy
is one of the essential elements of a focused approach to antenatal care.
Materials and Method: A community-based descriptive survey was carried out to

collect the information from 212 post-delivered rural mothers.
Result. Majority, 104(49.1%) of mothers were belonged to the age groups of 18–
27 years. Of whom 108(50.9%) were Hindu. Regarding educational status
88(41.5%) was under primary level of education. Majority 192(90.6%) of women
were housewives. Majority 183(86.3%) participants [OR: 5.0581, at 95% CI:
0.6611, 38.6999,] were not aware about early registration during pregnancy.
Participants belongs to above 27 years of age [OR: 7.6667, p-values: 0.0000, 95%
CI: 3.9500, 13.3476], Religion Hindu [OR: 1.0212, p-values: 0.4854, 0.0002, 95%
CI: 0.9627, 1.0834] and housewife [OR: 2.8189, p-value: 0.0238, 0.0000, 95% CI;
1.1479, 6.9223] were significantly associated with utilization of available ANC
services.
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Conclusion: Less awareness and low utilization of available ANC services among
the rural mothers.
Keywords: Rural mother, Ante-natal, care seeking, behaviour, post-delivered.
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72. Investigation of pharmacognostical, parameters,

preliminary phytochemical screening and Anti-
inflammatory activity of Impatiens bracteata colebr.
ex wall.
Mr. Jyotirmoy Das1 and Dr. Bapi Ray Sarkar2

1
M.Pharm student of Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of
North Bengal, Darjeeling, West-Bengal 734013 India
2
Associate Professor and HOD of Department of Pharmaceutical Technology,
University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, West-Bengal 734013 India
Abstract: Background: More than 1000 species of flowering plants of the genus
Impatiens may be found all throughout the Northern Hemisphere. This family's
members contain flavonoids, quinones, triterpenes, and phenolic compounds. To
the best of my knowledge and based on a thorough review of the literature, there
are no reports on Impatiens bracteata that have undergone phytochemical and
pharmacognostical examination.
Purpose: This work aimed to investigate the pharmacognostical

parameter,phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of various
extracts from an entire part of the plant Impatiens bracteata.
Study design: Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations were carried out to

investigate the pharamacognostical characteristics of the plant. The entire plant is
analyzed morphologically during a macroscopic examination to determine its size,
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shape, surface, fracture, and arrangement. Quantitative and qualitative analyses

were also performed throughout the microscopic evaluation. In this experiment, a
UV chamber was used for fluorescence analysis and a microscope for qualitative
evaluation. Different plant extracts, including petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl
acetate, methanol, and hydroalcoholic extracts, were tested for the evaluation of
phytochemical characteristics using standard protocols and for the Anti-
inflammatory activity the albumin denaturation inhibitory activity was used.
Results: The macroscopic study indicates that the entire plant measures 30 to 40
cm in length. The stem has a simple or short branching lower segment and an
erect, hairless, or gently velvet-haired top portion. Two lateral sepals with a lance
form. The lower sepal bears an 8–9 mm incurved spur and is shaped like a boat.
The T.S. of the stem part reveals the cortex, xylem, and rectangular epidermis.In
the stem, sclereids, vein islets, trichomes, epidermal cells, etc. have been seen under
powder microscopy. A 15%(W/W) total ash content was found. There was
moisture content found to be 10.47% (w/w). According to the phytochemical
results, Impatiens bracteata's methanolic extract had the most secondary metabolites,
followed by another extract and it give good result for anti-inflammatory activity
also.
Conclusion: The results indicate the presence of secondary metabolites in plant

materials, which are widely regarded for their action as antioxidants, anti-
inflammatory agents, and antihelmintic agents, among other medical purposes.
Keywords: Pharmacognostic, macroscopic, microscopic, anti-oxidants, anti-

inflammatory.
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73. Trauma and Need for Narration in Chinatown

Days of Rita Chowdhury.
Rema T. Das
Research Scholar, Department of English, Ranchi University, Jharkhand, India.
Abstract: Ethical concerns always point at the acts of violence and injustice as
unreasonable. War makes sense only if we mean to understand it deeply to the
context of a warning, undermining the claims of power politics associated with it.
Literature has been a place not only for the memory and mourning of the war but
also for the artistic expression of grief and warning. Rita Chowdhury’s artistic
expression of the days in Makum, a district in Assam inhabited by many Indian
Chinese, generations before Independence of India, and their painful deportation
to China as a result of Indo-China war of 1962, is an esthetical denunciation
against trauma it caused.
The 2018 published novel Chinatown Days presents the historical events and politics
as a background to bring to the forefront, trauma of displacement of the people
who were to be deported followed by their miserable journey to China and the
series of torture they went through in the process.
It is a critique of historical violence which detaches away from the narrow concept
of the formulations of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and makes it more
wide-ranging and inclusive. It is a testimony of experiences from two perspective;
one from the victim and the other from a listener who describes it and then
discovers himself through the experience. Silence, narration and testimony in cases
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of trauma, becomes a necessity to unfold history from the angle of humanity. It

leads to the discovery of the past which was left unexcavated for many years. The
purpose of the paper is to bring out these concerns with respect to trauma theory
and its relevance in the present time.
Keywords: Indo-Sino War, Memory, Testimony, Narration, Silence, Trauma,

Closure, Indian Chinese Trauma, Eurocentrism.
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74. The Effect of Market Ratio and Profitability on

Stock Return of Tobacco Manufacturers Companies.
Ahmad Nur Budi Utama

Universitas Jambi, Indonesia
Abstract: This article aims to analyse the effect of market ratios and profitability
on stock returns of tobacco producing companies. Tobacco producing companies
are major players in the tobacco industry and have a strong reputation in the
market. This study is important to understand the factors that affect the stock
performance of these companies. The research method used is regression analysis
using historical data on market ratios and profitability, as well as tobacco company
stock returns. Data is obtained from the company's financial statements and daily
stock prices for a certain period. The results showed that the market ratio
consisting of Price to Earnings Ratio (PER) has a significant positive influence on
the return of tobacco company stocks. In addition, profitability as measured by
Return on Assets (ROA) also has a significant positive influence on tobacco
companies' stock returns. These findings suggest that investors can use market
ratio and profitability information to make better investment decisions regarding
shares of tobacco-producing companies. By paying attention to higher market
ratios and better profitability rates, investors can earn better returns on such stock
investments.
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75. Visions of Chaos: The Role of Aestheticism in

William Butler Yeats' Apocalyptic Poetry
Mahsina Sarkar Dolon
Department of English, Northern University Bangladesh
Abstract: This research paper explores the role of aestheticism in William Butler
Yeats' apocalyptic poetry, focusing on its contribution to the portrayal of chaos
and the themes of lost control. By examining specific poems and analyzing the
aesthetic principles and techniques employed by Yeats, this study aims to uncover
the ways in which aestheticism enhances his exploration of apocalyptic visions and
the human response to turmoil.
This research paper delves into the role of aestheticism in William Butler Yeats'
apocalyptic poetry, specifically focusing on how aesthetic principles contribute to
the portrayal of chaos and the exploration of themes related to the loss of control.
By examining selected poems from Yeats' body of work, this study aims to
uncover the ways in which aestheticism enhances the representation of apocalyptic
visions and the human response to tumultuous circumstances.
The paper explores the tension between the desire for control and the embrace of
artistic freedom within Yeats' poetic vision and investigates how aesthetic elements
such as language, imagery, and symbolism shape the depiction of chaos and its
impact on individuals and society.
By examining the relationship between aestheticism and the themes of chaos and
lost control in Yeats' apocalyptic poetry, this study contributes to a deeper
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understanding of his artistic vision and the enduring relevance of his work in
portraying the human condition in times of turmoil.
Keywords: William Butler Yeats, Apocalyptic Poetry, Aestheticism, Chaos, Lost

control, Artistic freedom.
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76. Topic- Inclusive Education and its Overview.
Sonali Debnath
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education, Assam University, Silchar, India
Abstract: Inclusive education is a novel method of educating able and differently-

abled children under the canopy. It usher all children into one classroom
irrespective of their solidity and deficiency and assist them comprehend their
potential. Today, how will an inclusive education converge the necessity of all
children? How all the children with diverse needs can be communicated in an
inclusive environment milieu? What is the dimension of inclusion? Therefore,
inclusive education has to address all such requisite and pervade breach with the
help of government and community support. The Government after independence
has made many initiatives to make the education system more inclusive. Keeping in
view these questions, this paper discusses the meaning of inclusive education, the
dimension of inclusive education, types of inclusion, policy perspective of inclusive
education, government policies and reform for including students with diverse
needs into mainstream education, barriers to inclusive education, remedial
measures to overcome and inclusive education in North-east & India.
Keywords: Inclusive education, Government policies, and initiatives.
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77. The Importance of the Contribution of

Thucydides Comparison to Herodotus to the Greek
Historiography.
Dissanayake, I.S.
Temporary Lecturer, Department of History, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya,

Sri Lanka.
Abstract: Greece was one of the major civilizations of the ancient world which
was commenced to writing history since an eon of one thousand years (500 BCE–
500 CE), is a remarkable subject of keen interest to contemporary intellectuals due
to numerable factors. According to the article ‘Greek Historiography’ written by
Christopher A. Baron, stated that first, the very term “history” derives from the
Greek word historiê (“inquiry”) which Herodotus uses to describe his work, and the
subject of historical inquiry decided upon by Herodotus and his successor
Thucydides—description and explanation of political and military events in the
past—remained standard for many centuries. Even though the Greek
historiography was started by Herodotus, it became a turning point during the
period of Thucydides since he added some color to the subject with his critical
thinking and analysis of the causes of events. Consequently, since Thucydides was
able to enlighten the way of writing history more rationally, he was later renowned
as “the father of scientific history.” The main objective of this research is to study
the contribution of Thucydides with a comparison to Herodotus and how Greek
historiography has gradually changed with the impact of Thucydides. The
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secondary objective includes a critical analysis of the main reasons why Thucydides
defeated the Herodotus as a historian and how the flow of the nature has changed
in historiography with Thucydides. The research used secondary data, which was
obtained from both published and unpublished sources, with special reference to
the book ‘Ithihase Athithaya,’ written by one of the well-known historians, Prof.
Lesli Gunawardhana. As further data were gathered, it was brought to light that
Herodotus had confined himself only to facts, myths and his personal beliefs and
faith in God, while Thucydides was more concerned with ‘questing’ rather than
just writing ‘facts’. Moreover, Thucydides did not make a mere judgement based
on ‘God’ and myths of the current society, which is admirable, as a true historian’s
task is to divide the myths and historical facts wisely.
Keywords: Historiography, Greek, Herodotus, Thucydides, Comparison
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78. Study on aircraft ground handling and the impact

on flight performance.
Shiv Kumar Sharma

Assistant Professor, Galgotias University, India
Abstract: One of the most significant elements related to the operations of airlines
is ground handling and management of various activities which contribute to the
efficiency and punctuality of air traffic. While understanding and analyzing the
existing facilities of ground handling are being provided by the airlines and third
parties at the various airports globally, it is seen that the ground handling services
and facilities are influencing the handling of air traffic and there is an imbalance.
The outcome of such an imbalance is due to the activities of the ground-handling
agents. Furthermore, this study investigates the internal factors of ground-handling
agents and their impact on air traffic volatility. The credible areas or ground
handling discussed include staff management issues and the employee rotation
resulting in staff shortages and service quality including punctuality, resources
management, the ground service support equipment system, aiming at limiting
ground safety incidents and the possible impact on flight on time performance.
The research has also covered previous research, concepts, and other related
theories. The quality and study in research can be divided into the categories
already studied and are related to this research.
Keywords: ground handling, flight delays, on-time performance, turnaround time.
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79. Utility of Yoga and Meditation Practice for

Metacognition in Higher Education Students.
Mr. Narottam Kumar
Research Scholar, Department of Yogic Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed-to-be

University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract: Conceptually speaking, metacognition is the highest insight of human
cognition, characterized as cognitive control of cognitive functions, execution of
execution, monitoring of memory, attention, and psychomotor performance
abilities. Metacognition is one’s own skill to monitor learning activities and
regulative uses of cognitive processes. Yoga practices are beneficial in improving
cognition and metacognitive abilities. The present study is aimed to explore the
utility of certain yoga and meditation techniques in enhancing metacognition
among youths studying higher education programs. Previous research articles on
yoga for cognitive functions found good evidence on potential role of yoga in
metacognition. The meta word in metacognition has self-reflecting meaning like
within and beyond self-cognition. Authors have an evident belief that yogic and
meditation techniques will have a positive role in enhancing metacognition. The
extant research evidence showed that yogic practices appear as a mind-body
technique to manage mental agitations and help individuals to develop self-
awareness. In the best view of self, the monitoring and knowledge skills are likely
to be enhanced. This study suggests yoga and meditation practice would enhance
metacognition in higher education students. It is necessary to establish a notion
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that yoga practices viz. meditation, pranayama, and postures contribute to enhance
metacognition through many scientific studies.
Keywords: Yoga, Meditation, Metacognition, Higher Education Students
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80. A study on Parenting Style, Social Media

Engagement and FoMO among Senior Secondary
School Students.
Dr. Chandra Kumari
Prof. Home Science (Human Development), Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan
India
Abstract: The study was undertaken to study parenting styles among senior
secondary school students; to examine social media engagement among senior
secondary school students; to assess fear of missing out (FoMO) among senior
secondary school students; to find out the relationship (if any) between parenting
styles and social media engagement; to find out the relationship (if any) between
parenting styles and fear of missing out (FoMO); to find out the relationship (if
any) between social media and fear of missing out (FoMO).The study was
conducted on 200 senior secondary school students of Newai,(Tonk).Data was
collected using self-prepared tools “Demographic data sheet”; “Fear of Missing
Out” scale; “Social Media Engagement” scale; and “Parenting Style scale”
developed by (Prof.) Dr. Madhu Gupta and Ms. Dimple Mehtani (2017). The data
was analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, S.D., t-ratio, Karl Pearson’s
Correlation Coefficient. The results show that democratic parenting style may be
considered as the chief parenting style adopted by parents of respondents; majority
of students are engaged in behavioural engagements ;there is no significant
difference in social media engagement between senior secondary school boys and
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girls; both boys and girls have lower level of fear of missing out(FoMO);there is no
significant difference in fear of missing out (FoMO) between senior secondary
schools boys and girls; the correlation value between parenting styles and social
media engagement (democratic and autocratic) are negative though
showing weak correlation while for other parenting styles (permissive and
uninvolved) the correlation value is positive though showing weak correlations; the
correlation value between parenting style and fear of missing out shows
(democratic) parenting style is negative though showing weak correlation while for
other parenting styles (autocratic, permissive and uninvolved) the correlation value
is positive though showing weak correlation; and there is a significant relationship
between social media engagement and fear of missing out (FoMO).
Keywords: Parenting styles, social media engagement and fear of missing out
(FoMO).
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81. An insight into the factors determining quality

hiring in the work ecosystem of 2023.
Sneha Dutta
Lecturer, Department of Business Administration, Asutosh College; Ph.D.

Research Scholar, Amity University Kolkata, India
Abstract: In 2023, studying the factors affecting recruitment practices remains

essential due to several reasons. The ever-evolving job market and advancements
in technology have significantly transformed the recruitment landscape.
Understanding the factors that influence recruitment practices helps organizations
adapt and make informed decisions to attract and select the best talent. The term
"work ecosystem" refers to the interconnected and interdependent network of
elements and factors that contribute to the overall work environment and its
functioning.
It encompasses various components, relationships, and dynamics that influence

how work is conducted within an organization or a broader context. In pursuit of
analyzing the factors affecting quality hiring, an exploratory research was
conducted using a semi structured questionnaire and data was analyzed using a
simple percentage analysis. The sample size was 40. The method of snowball
sampling was used for collection of data. In order to remain ever competitive & to
stay ahead of the curve there is a requirement to revamp & reconsider some of the
basic domains of hiring in order to make it a quality driven one by taking ads down
when jobs are fulfilled, designing jobs with realistic requirements, focusing on
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passive candidates, understanding the limits of referrals ,testing candidates

standard skills as well as the psychological skills.
Keywords: Quality hiring, recruitment, talent acquisition, talent management,

attrition
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82. Effective use of ICT devices in teaching and

learning English in a higher secondary school.
Sonam Rinchen1, Kesang Wangmo2 and Sonam Daker2

1
Gomdar Higher Secondary School, Samdrup Jongkhar Dzongkhag, Bhutan.
2
Samtse College of Education, The Royal University of Bhutan, Bhutan
Abstract: This study examined the effective use of Information Communication

Technology (ICT) devices in teaching-learning English in one of the higher
secondary schools in Bhutan. The study employed a convergent mixed method
design, as it allows the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data
simultaneously. The target population comprised 138 participants including
students, teachers, and principals. The research tools included questionnaires,
semi-structured interviews, and documents to collect the data. The quantitative
data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 22.0
and presented in percentages and mean. The qualitative data were analyzed
thematically. The main findings established that teachers and students positively
perceive using ICT in teaching-learning English. However, only interactive
PowerPoint presentations, basic PowerPoint presentations, and Google
Classrooms are commonly used by teachers. Further, the study also revealed
English learning enhancement, quick access to information, self-learning,
addressing diversity, and fostering collaboration as the benefits of using ICT. On
the other hand, poor networks, outdated facilities, lack of technical skills, limited
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access to ICT facilities for students, and limited time are some of the challenges
that this study found.
Therefore, the study recommends the concerned stakeholders such as the

government, Ministry of Education, school administration, and among others to
work towards enhancing ICT facilities and enhancing teachers’ technical skills
through various professional developments training and improving the overall ICT
infrastructures and resources in the schools
Keywords: Collaboration, diversity, Information and Communication Technology,

ICT perceptions, Teaching-learning.
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83. Startups in the Algerian Universities: Attitudes,

Challenges and Ways of Improvement.
Dr. Raouia Manseur
University of Setif 2, Setif, Algeria
Abstract: Digitalization has prevailed all life spheres, and preeminently education
in Algeria has shifted towards endorsing technology to evolve the field and help
escorting the perpetual technological advances. A link was created between tertiary
education and technology by virtue of startups as the Algerian ministry of higher
education has lately put into practice diverse startup plans to encourage youngsters
(mainly university students) concoct certain new technological gadgets, creative
tools and patented inventions that may contribute to progress and evolution in
various arenas as economy, market, environment and other sundry fields.
The present study aims at exploring the attitudes of some stakeholders in

education as teachers and students. It also aims at analyzing and identifying the
possible challenges encountered when launching a particular startup in the Algerian
university. The study embraced a mixed-methods approach encompassing both
qualitative and quantitative research paradigms and relying on questionnaires
distributed to university teachers as well as e-interviews conducted with students in
58 Algerian provinces. Accordingly, a set of recommendations and ways of
improvement would be listed to help evolving emerging institutions and benefit
their instituter. The recent study henceforth would add an academic value to the
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newly launched startup plans and enrich the existing literature with regards to
technology and its endorsement in tertiary education.
Key Terms: Algerian ministry of higher education, patented inventions,

technology, tertiary education.
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84. Factors Affecting on Revitalizing Traditional

Farming Practices in World Historical City in Sri
Lanka.
Imara Abeysekara1, Irantha Rathnayake2, G.A.S.

Ginigaddara2
1
Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Eastern University,
Sri Lanka
2
Department of Agricultural Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Rajarata University,
Sri Lanka
Abstract: Traditional farming is a primitive style of farming that involves the

intensive use of indigenous knowledge, traditional tools, natural resources, organic
fertilizers, and farmers' cultural beliefs. Traditional agriculture is being changed to
modern agricultural practices. However, today farmers are compelled to be
involved in technological agriculture due to various problems with agriculture, the
environment, and human health. A field study was conducted using a surveyed
questionnaire with 110 farmers to identify the traditional agriculture practices used
in present-day agriculture and explore the factors affecting adopting traditional
agriculture practices for present-day agriculture. Results were statistically analyzed
by SPSS. Results revealed that traditional cropping methods, Pangu method, Kem
practices, weather forecasting methods, manure application, irrigation methods,
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and traditional crop safeguarding methods are the most adopted traditional
agricultural practices and difficulties of finding raw materials, lesser demand for
traditional agricultural products by the villagers, higher time and labor
consumption for using traditional agricultural practices and lower market demand
is the most recognized constraints of using traditional agricultural practices by
farmers in the historical city of Sri Lanka.
Keywords: Traditional Agriculture Practices, Traditional Farming, Modern

Agriculture, Human Health, Environment, Organic Fertilizer
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85. New Axiomality in minimal separation Axioms in

Topological spaces.
Vivekananda Dembre
Assistant Professor, Department of Mathematics, BLDEA’S Commerce BHS Arts
and TGP Science College, Jamakhandi, Karnataka, India
Abstarct: In this paper, we study some separation axioms namely, minimal regular
weakly-To-space, minimal regular weakly-T1 -space and minimal regular weakly-T2-
space and their properties. We also obtain some of their characterizations.
Keywords: Minimal regular weakly-To-space, Minimal regular weakly-T1 –

space,minimal regular weakly-T2-space.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 54A05,54D05,54C10.
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86. Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives Using

Vilsmeier Reagent: Dual Inhibitors for Breast Cancer
Treatment Using Cellines
M.Gnana Ruba Priya
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Dayananda Sagar University, Bengaluru,

Karnataka, India
Abstract: Breast Cancer is one of the major causes of worldwide human mortality.
A wide range of cytotoxic drugs are available on the market, and several
compounds are in different phases of clinical trials. Many studies suggest that these
cytotoxic molecules are also associated with different types of adverse side effects;
therefore, researchers around the globe are involved in the development of more
efficient and safer anticancer drugs.
In recent years, quinoline and its derivatives have been considered as a novel class
of cancer chemotherapeutic agents that show promising activity against different
tumors. Novel Quinoline hybrids containing piperazine moiety have been
designed, synthesized and their structures elucidated and confirmed by various
spectroscopic techniques. All compounds were evaluated for their anticancer
activity against MCF-7 (breast cancer) and MCF 12A (normal epithelial breast cell
line) using MTT assay, where they showed highest inhibitory activity against MCF-
7. The molecules were also found to be non-toxic to MCF 12A cells. These
molecules showed considerable inhibitory percentage against Epidermal Growth
Factor Receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK), in-vitro assay.
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The molecular docking study of compounds 7a, 7b, 7d, 7g, and 7h revealed good
fitting into the active site of HER2 and EGFR. compounds 7b,7h and 7g
displayed the highest binding affinities when compared Foretinib as a reference
drug.
Cl
Cl O S
NH S S
O CH3COONa
NH
+ S EtOH
(Reflux)
N O
(5E)-5-[(4-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methylidene]-2-sul
N 2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazo fanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
lidin-4-one
TEA(Triethanolamine)
0-5 degree CH3I
EtOH
NH
O
+
N
1
R S
N
S CH3
Cl
S 1
N R
N
NH
N O
5-[(4-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methyl]-2-(piperazin-1-yl)-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one
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87. Analysing the Impact of Green HRM Practices

on Corporate Green Performance: The Moderating
Role of Green Innovation.
Adnan Sarwar and Sehar Tariq

Department of Economics and Business Management, University of Veterinary
and Animal Sciences, Lahore Pakistan.
Abstract: Green human resource management practices are significant to improve
a company's green performance. In contrast, there is very little research evidence
that demonstrates how green innovation culture influences the relationship
between green human resource practices and an organization's green performance.
This study set out to fill this need by establishing two goals. First, the impact of a
green innovation culture and green human resource practices on a company's
green performance was measured. Second, the study investigated how much green
innovation culture influences the relationship between green human resource
management and the green performance of manufacturing firms in Pakistan.
The data was collected from an online/offline survey with the help of an
established questionnaire from the employees working in the manufacturing
industries of Pakistan. Furthermore, Multiple analyses (descriptive, reliability, EFA,
CFA, regression analysis) were conducted to analyze the research hypothesis by
applying SPSS and AMOS 24 software. The findings revealed green HRM practices
such as green recruitment, green training, and development, green performance
appraisal, green reward system, etc. have a significant impact on the environmental
performance of an organization.
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A positive moderation relationship was found between green HRM practices and
corporate green performance. Our findings can widen the perspective of managers
in businesses in terms of practical implications.
Keywords: Green human resource management: green performance: green

innovation:
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88. A Survey of Higher Education Educators’

Awareness of Green Human Resource Management
Practices.
Sunitha Purushottam Ashtikar1 and Dr. Geetha

Manoharan2
1
Research Scholar, School of Business, SR University, Warangal, Telangana, India
2
Assistant Professor and Research Supervisor, School of Business, SR University,
Warangal, Telangana, India
Abstract: Today, we live in a perilous era in which our environment is polluted.

Our youngsters cannot breathe clean air or walk freely around, especially our
capital city, Delhi. As a result, considerable steps are being taken to safeguard the
environment by the government, educational institutions, and corporate concerns.
Everyone in society is working to establish green habits that will help conserve our
environment and provide a bright future for our children and grandchildren. In
this aspect, staff understanding of green practices is critical to ensuring their
successful adoption. Thus, the purpose of this article is to assess employee
understanding of green activities, with a particular emphasis on green HRM
practices. 90% of employees are aware of the business practices that enable us to
rely on them for a brighter future. A sample of 120 is drawn from higher
educational institutions in Telangana's Warangal district.
Keywords: Green Practices, Green HRM Practices, Educators
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89. Spectral smoothing for enhancement of spectral

signature: An Application of wavelet for remote
sensing.
Ayyakkannu Selvaraj1, Subbarayan Saravanan2 Deepika

Dubey1 Aditi Mahendra Jadhav1
1
University Department of Information and Communication Technology
(UDICT), MGM University, Chh.Sambhajinagar, Maharasthtra, India
2
Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Trichy, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract: In recent trends of trends of remote sensing, the Hyperspectral non-

imaging Spectro-radiometer is an Analytical Spectral Device (ASD), which is
exceptionally sensitized, and derives the Spectral signature curves with noise in
some portion of electromagnetic radiation region, so that spectral smoothing or
denoising inevitable before any spectral matching analysis to improve further in
image classification. In this manuscript, the wavelet-based bilateral median filter
(HBMF) is proposed to eradicate the noise of spectral signature of mangrove
species, and execution of traditionally used signal processing techniques.
The current investigation is dependent on hyperspectral data of the mangrove

leaves gathered by ASD Fieldspec3. The performance has been made in terms of
PSNR, and MSE. The outcome demonstrates that BMF work is an efficient one
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than different techniques. In this manner, the Wavelet-based BMF proposed

model is the ideal filter to decrease the noise of hyperspectral data.
Keyword: HBMF, Moving average, Savith_Golay, Rhizophora apiculata, ASD, PSNR,

MSE
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90. Acute and subacute toxicity studies of Sivan

Vembu Chooranam a Siddha polyherbal formulation.
Dr. S. Murugesan
M.D Siddha, Associate Professor, Department of Nanju Maruthuvam (Siddha
Toxicology), National Institute of Siddha, Tambaram Sanatorium, Chennai, India
Abstract : Siddha Medicine is a traditional system of medicine from South India
and Sri Lanka that is based on the teachings of the Siddhars, who were spiritual
masters with supernatural powers.
Siddha Medicine uses herbal, metal, mineral, and animal products to treat various
diseases, especially poisons. Siddha Medicine is one of the oldest and most
effective healing systems in the world. The study is about a Siddha medicine called
Sivan Vembu Chooranam (SVC), which is a powder of herbs that can treat various
skin diseases and other conditions.
Siddha text says that the shelf life of chooranam is different according to Siddha
literature and AYUSH guidelines and that Siddha medicine is becoming more
popular worldwide because of its effectiveness. The safety of SVC has not been
tested in animals, and the aim of the study is to do so according to OECD
guidelines. Preclinical toxicity studies of Sivan Vembu Chooranam were conducted
on Wistar albino rats as per OECD guidelines 423 and 407 after getting IAEC
approval. The study is about the results of acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of
Sivan Vembu Chooranam (SVC) in Wistar albino rats.
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The study says that in the acute toxicity study, there was no adverse effect of SVC
at the dose of 2000 mg/kg b.w. for 14 days. In the sub-acute toxicity study, there
was no significant effect of SVC at different doses for 28 days on the body weight,
feed intake, water intake, blood count, kidney function, liver function, lipid profile,
and organ histology of the rats. The study concludes that SVC is safe and non-
toxic for animals. The study also concluded that the dose of SVC mentioned in
Siddha literature is safe and suggests further clinical trials to prove its efficacy.
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91. Study of ECHR and CJEU jurisprudence as key

to understanding the European human rights
protection system.
Adrian Kaczmarek
MA in Law, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
Abstract: The European system for the protection of fundamental human rights is
a pillar of democratic states in the 21st century and one of the actively developed
fields of law with relevance in comparative law research. However, the study of
this specific field of law is different because of the extremely important role of the
international European courts: the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which are responsible for
the dynamic development and efficiency of the system.
This presentation will outline the role of the jurisprudence of the ECtHR and the
CJEU, pointing out their crucial role in the protection of human rights across
Europe. However, considering the significant volume of the European human
rights protection system, the point of reference for the analysis of the role of case
law will be the right to a fair trial, which is one of the most fundamental elements
of the system. The historical context and the evolving impact of case law on the
functioning of the human rights protection system will be an important element of
the analysis.
The complementary roles played by these courts in the Member States of the
European Union and the Council of Europe will be presented. Furthermore, the
efforts and interplay of both institutions in shaping the European fair trial by
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influencing national legislation and the interpretation of international rules will be

highlighted. In conclusion, this study will demonstrate that an in-depth
understanding of the jurisprudence of the ECtHR and the CJEU is essential for a
comprehensive understanding of the European human rights protection system.
Thus, it will prove to be a way to understand current trends in European legal

culture, allowing for a comprehensive approach to the European legal system.
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92. Artificial intelligence for teaching and learning in

the 21st century.
Krishnakanth, G1 and Dr. Arulsamy, S2

1
Ph.D Research Scholar, Dept. of Education, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore,
Tamil Nadu, India
2
Professor, Dept. of Education, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu,
India
Abstract: Teachers easily share their ideas and content, answer questions, motivate
and engage students, analyze students' academic performance, and save time. In
schools, artificial intelligence helps teachers create a positive learning environment
for students. Thus, each student can identify the strengths and weaknesses of the
subject. Teachers identify students who need extra attention and help them with
their homework. AI also helps students analyze past performance and identify
learning, increase student motivation and engagement, and have questions
answered with timely feedback at the point of learning. The traditional teaching
classroom affects their emotional well-being, headcount, and heavy workloads.
Modern teaching methods are useful for teachers and students. AI can also reduce
teacher workload, especially in environments where teacher capacity and
headcount are low. So, it is useful for future education students in the teaching and
learning process of AI.
Keywords: teachers, students, environment, artificial intelligence, education
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93. Impact of AI “World-wide” Considering its

“Scope”.
MRS Karlekar Savita Sadanand

Vinayak Academy, India
Abstract: Introduction: The paper describes the ‘use of Artificial Intelligence’ in
all the “prominent areas” of a “country” like, defense, farming, finance,
education, corporate affairs, railways, rural areas of country, culture, etc. Research
paper assumes that there is a need of separate A.I. department in the parliament of
every country.
Research Question: Do there is need of W. AI. O. [WORLD ARTIFICIAL

INTELLIGENCE ORGANISATION] like W.H.O.[WORLD HEALTH
ORGANISATION] considering the vast use of Artificial Intelligence and all the
related technologies.
Keywords: #World #Artificial #Intelligence #Organisation
Research Methodologies and Details:
Quantitative method is used for data analysis. The source of the data is
“SECONDARY DATA SOURCE”. The software used is SPSS for quantitative
analysis. The research paper will try to find out the solution on “weather there is
need of the organization like W. AI. O.”. After getting results from analysis it may
be assumed that there is a need of “separate department of A.I in every country”,
which itself is a new topic for a research.
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94. An Introduction of Application of Auger

Electrons in Radiotherapy.
Nand Kumar
Department of physics, Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial P.G. College Barabanki, U.P. ,

India.
Abstract: When an inner shell vacancy is created in atom, the atom goes in the
excited state and atomic relaxation is occurred to ground state in atom via two
different processes one radiative and other is non radiative process. The radiative
process is due to generation of x-ray by emitting of photon. If this photon is
absorbed by atoms then the non-radiative process is occurred and finally atom
goes in doubly or multiple ionizing state. This process is known as Auger process
and emitting electron is called Auger electron. Measurement and calculation of
kinetic energy and other related parameters study is related to Auger electron
spectroscopy area in science and medicine also. Present paper describes a brief
overview of application of Auger electrons in Radiotherapy.
Keywords: Auger Process, atom, inner shell, Radionuclide, Radiotherapy.
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95. Analysing the Rational Investing practices of

Generation Z Entrepreneurs.
Dr. Binny Cherian1, Mr. Mahammad Thauseef2, Ms.

Haleema Shahama3 and Mr. Alton Javier Monteiro4
1
FMERU & FMERC member, Assistant Professor, St Joseph’s Institute of
Management, Bangalore, India
2
Assistant Professor, St. Aloysius College, Mangalore, India
3
Student, Christ (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bangalore, India
4
Student, St Joseph’s Institute of Management, Bangalore, India
Abstract: Financial wellbeing is determined by the psychological aspects of an
individual. They make decisions despite the fact it may be influenced by other
external factors, like economic policies adopted by public and private sectors.
Financial goods and services are expanding, which makes it more difficult for a
common person to invest. With the range of wide offerings of products these
individual investors choose when, how and where to make investments. This paper
examines the Rational Investment practices of Gen-Z Entrepreneurs during their
entrepreneurship journey. The factors and forces that drive their passion and
intentions are also identified. This paper shows the investment practices, risk
tolerance, mindset, behavioural biases, awareness and most of all rationality in the
Gen-Z entrepreneurs. This is a cross sectional study and is based on qualitative as
well as quantitative data, we received 32 responses through a structured
questionnaire via Google forms. The survey was conducted from 17 March 2023 to
19 April 2023. The questionnaire was distributed through in-person and online with
the help of convenience sampling, where 23 are male, 8 are female and 1 is LGBTQ,
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who choose on decisions/options which are sentient. The survey found that the
Gen Z entrepreneurs place an emphasis on well-informed decision-making backed
up by in-depth research and data analysis in their pursuit of rational investing. The
survey findings demonstrated that GenZ Entrepreneurs appeared to be
rational/irrational and prudent in arriving at a financial decision.
Keywords: rational investment, behavioural biases, psychological influences/

behavioural finance, financial literacy
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96. Analysis of the integral interpretative approach of

Art Galleries: A reflection of the educational activities
of National Gallery of Modern Arts, New Delhi.
Dr. Zainab Fatima
India
Abstract: India is the country of rich cultural heritage which has a vast range of
historical sites, monuments, museums as well as art galleries. There are various
museums and art galleries in the country which house wide range of collections.
Art museums and galleries showcase the masterpieces of Indian as well as foreign
artists. National gallery of modern art, New Delhi is the only art gallery of its kind
which has various masterpieces of modern and contemporary masters. Education
is the prime function of museums and art galleries. Art Education museums and
galleries have a unique service which a school, college or university cannot expect
to communicate to the community. The purpose of the National gallery of modern
art is to provide art education through non-formal ways for which various
programmes and activities are organised.The aim of this paper is to analyse the
educational role of the National Gallery of Modern art. The paper also highlights
the relevance and potential of educational services of museum-cum art gallery. The
analysis will include visitor surveys to understand the needs of its audiences.
Keywords: Interpretative approach, Educational activities, National Gallery of

Modern Arts
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97. Efficiency and Effectiveness in International

Criminal Proceedings: Duties and Powers of the ICC
Prosecutor.
Aneta Marianna Fraser
Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
Abstract: Since the ICC lacks a supranational law enforcement system or its own
police force, the Court's efficiency and effectiveness depend on proper inter-State
cooperation. In fact, States must confidently arrest specific offenders and refer
them to the International Criminal Court for justice to prevail. The increased
efficiency and effectiveness of the ICC's procedures, coupled with higher levels of
State confidence in the Court, directly correlates with a greater likelihood that
States will successfully execute arrest warrants. The topic of this presentation is
particularly relevant in the context of the current situation in Ukraine and the arrest
warrants issued against Vladimir Putin, the President of Russia, and Maria Lvova-
Belova, the Russian Commissioner for Children's Rights. The main challenges
faced by the Court include dealing with voluminous files, large volumes of
evidence, and difficulties in gathering evidence. The ICC Prosecutor, being the
main body responsible for dealing with these issues, significantly influences the
efficiency and effectiveness of the entire proceedings. In my presentation, I will
address the current instruments, procedural tools, and powers of the ICC
Prosecutor. The key question to be answered is whether these powers, currently
guaranteed by the ICC Statute and the Rules of Procedure and Evidence, are
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sufficient to enable the Prosecutor to fulfil the primary role of truth-seeking, while
maintaining efficiency and speed of the proceedings. Finally, I will refer to other
strategies to optimise proceedings, including the introduction of OTPLink, a
platform that allows information and evidence to be uploaded online for analysis
by the Office of the Prosecutor.
Keywords: International Cooperation, International Criminal Court, ICC

Prosecutor
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98. An Appraisal in Sustainable Tourism

Development Innovations: A Systematic Literature
Review using PRISMA Framework.
Chet Narayan Acharya

PhD Scholar, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, Thailand
Abstract: Background: Sustainable tourism development is a topic of interest to
both researchers and practitioners. The purpose of this systematic literature survey
is to assess the state of knowledge on innovation in sustainable tourism
development.
Methods: The researcher has reviewed 37 research papers published in selected
journals between January 1, 2010 and June 31, 2023. A broad and detailed
assessment and structured analysis were performed using the PRISMA framework.
The aim of this review was to examine how innovations in sustainable tourism
were studied in terms of research contexts, themes, disciplines, methodologies and
theoretical frameworks during the selected time period.
Results: Most publications emphasized various research methods and

econometric models, such as structural equation modeling, factor analysis, and
descriptive statistics. This review found that most research related to sustainable
tourism focuses on rural homestays, farms, social tourism, etc. However, there are
many issues related to sustainability, such as local community-based tourism
policies, the role of information and communication technology (ICT), knowledge
management on sustainability, entrepreneurship in community-based tourism,
branding, skill development, and operators' knowledge of disasters. Issues that
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reinforce the concept of risk management strategies and collaboration with

mainstream mass tourism have been least researched.
Conclusion: This systematic literature review scrutinizes sustainable tourism

development innovations' significance and advancement, assessing research
techniques, topics, and theoretical frameworks. The review suggests reinforcing
sustainability and innovation concepts in the tourism sector, offering suggestions
to policymakers and researchers to promote socioeconomic and environmental
empowerment. The review serves as a valuable resource for future research and
aligns with the present strategic agenda of sustainability in the tourism industry.
Keywords: Green movement, sustainability, community tourism, knowledge

progress, balance of life
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99. Antioxidants Potential in Neurodegenerative

Disease Management.
Amitesh Chaman
School of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Lovely Professional University,
Phagwara Punjab, India
Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive
degeneration of neurons, a significant challenge to public health. Evidence suggests
that oxidative stress plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of these disorders,
including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and ALS. As such, targeting
oxidative stress emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy, with antioxidants
demonstrating substantial potential in disease management. It highlights an
overview about the antioxidants potential in managing neurodegenerative diseases.
Oxidative stress caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defence mechanisms, contributes
to neuronal damage and subsequent neurodegeneration. In this context,
antioxidants act as guardians, neutralizing ROS and protecting neurons from
oxidative damage. Various sources of antioxidants, including natural foods, plants,
herbs and synthetic compounds have been investigated for their neuroprotective
effects. Recent studies have shed light on mechanisms through which antioxidants
shows beneficial actions in neurodegenerative diseases. These mechanisms include
scavenging free radicals, chelating harmful ions, modulating signalling pathways,
and mitigating neuroinflammation thereby preventing neuronal death, slow disease
progression, and potentially ameliorate cognitive and motor impairments. Research
demonstrate the efficacy of antioxidants in specific diseases like in Alzheimer's
disease, antioxidants have been shown to mitigate beta-amyloid pathology same in
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Parkinson's disease, antioxidants display potential in preserving mitochondrial

function. While the potential of antioxidants in disease management is promising,
challenges remain. Optimal delivery of antioxidants to the brain, overcoming the
blood-brain barrier, and effective dosages at the target sites pose significant
hurdles. Additionally, identifying novel antioxidant compounds with improved
efficacy and fewer side effects is a crucial area of ongoing research. Furthermore,
the development of combination therapies and personalized approaches holds
promise for enhancing antioxidant effectiveness and treatments to patients.
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100. Bengali language chart and its outline in

Bangladesh.
Md. Hasan Ali
Theology and Islamic Studies, Islamic University, Bangladesh
Abstract: The Bengali language in Bangladesh has suffered a lot from the language
policy. Hence, this became the reason for the present study. The results of this
study are eligible to be published in an international journal as a research paper
entitled "Bangla language pattern and its outline in Bangladesh". which is
incorporated in this study. This research paper mainly consists of three topics: the
rationale of various regional languages currently in use in Bangladesh in terms of
linguistic ideals, language policy, and language planning; the positive effects of
mandatory regional languages in society and culture; and the planning of their
educational system in the languages of minority groups. The research paper shows
that the language ideals, principles, and plans of the people of the country are well-
structured, so the language of books is not compulsory for everyone. But higher
education and research in Bengali require book language skills, and the current
education system in Bengali is not at all suitable for that. Due to this inconsistency
and chaotic Bengali language, it has many negative effects on society and culture.
In this context, some strategies for reforming the Bengali language education
system in Bangladesh and highlighting the rationale in favour of the regional
language are described in this article.
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Keywords: Bengali Language, Regional Languages, Minority Languages, Language

Policy.
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101. The Impact of Boko Haram Terrorism on the

Higgi (Kamwe) People of Nigeria.
Dr. Ikechukwu Anthony, Kanu1 and Dr. Mike Boni Bazza2

1
Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Tansian University Umunya,
Anambra State, Nigeria
2
Department of History and International Relations, Veritas University Abuja,
Nigeria
Abstract: This research paper examines the Boko Haram Insurgency and the
future of the Higgi (Kamwe) people of the North-East of Nigeria. The primary
focus in this research will not be a repetition of settled aspects of the debate such
as what the area was before the first wave of the Boko Haram attacks, the social
life of the Higgi (Kamwe) people or a treatise on their economy but rather, the
paper concerns itself with the courageous steps taken where the Higgi (Kamwe)
people demonstrated their resilience in resisting the intruders even when the Boko
Haram attacked with overwhelming force. Simply put, this research work
investigates the heart rending testimonies of their survival stories regarding the
killings, kidnappings, escape and their nightmares in captivity. Furthermore, the
paper discusses the stories of their homecoming, that is, coming back to a deserted
towns/villages and the painful sight of destruction left behind by the Boko Haram
when they were finally decimated and driven away in April of 2015 by the Nigerian
military with the help of the local hunters (Yan Baka) under the leadership of Sarki
Baka of Gombi. Methodologically, using oral and written sources and applying the
narrative and analytical tool, the discourse concludes the argument with the
following rhetorical questions: Has Boko Haram made the Higgi (Kamwe) more
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strategic? Which way forward in Higgi (Kamwe) area? In rebuilding the land, what
is the role of the Higgi (Kamwe) at home and in diaspora? And in Summation, the
paper gives the summary of findings and recommendation for the collective
survivals of the Higgi (Kamwe) people of North-Eastern Region of Nigeria. In
spite of the abundant human and material resources of the Higgi (Kamwe) people
and because of the negative and destructive impact of the Boko Haram Insurgency
on them, they have not been able to transcend or overcome the vicious cycle of
insecurity and underdevelopment ravaging their lands even today. This leads us to
another pertinent question: Is the future of the Higgi (Kamwe) people assured!
And can they hope for a better tomorrow?
Keywords: Boko Haram, Insurgency, Future Assured, Resilience/Higgi (Kamwe),

North-East
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102. Development of Learning Achievement in

Mathematics Courses of Students at King's College
School.
Naratip Bundasak
King's College School, Thailand
Abstract: The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology
(IPST) has prepared indicators and core learning content in the mathematics
learning subject group. (Revised 2017) according to the Basic Education Core
Curriculum, 2008, with an emphasis on developing learners to have knowledge and
competencies that are on par with international standards. Students learn
mathematics that connects knowledge to thinking processes, have a creative
initiative, think rationally and think systematically. Learners are able to think
critically about problems or situations. Helps to predict, plan, make decisions, solve
problems correctly and can be used effectively in real life.
At present, the mathematics results of students at King's College School has gone
down a lot. This may come from students not interested in studying. The
environment is unfavorable. Teaching materials are not interesting. Mathematics
subjects are difficult subjects, calculations that require a lot of skill and
understanding, etc. And because some students' declining mathematics results have
resulted in less academic development in subjects that require math proficiency,
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such as STEM science or tertiary school entrance exams.Therefore, it is likely to

study the development of learning achievement in mathematics subjects better,
namely the use of peer-to-peer methods and other methods. Also included is the
arrangement of a new classroom atmosphere, etc., for students to learn how they
can increase their mathematics results, which results in better learning in
mathematics.
Keywords: learning achievement, Mathematics Courses, Learners, peer-to-peer

methods
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103. Celie’s Metamorphosis in the Color Purple.
Ankita Chauhan
Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
Abstract: This study aims to trace the transformation of the protagonist “Celie” in
the novel The Color Purple (1982) by Alice Walker from being an oppressed teenager
devoid of a sense of self-worth to a path-breaking liberation that she attends at the
end of her journey to become a free woman being able to say and do according to
her free will. Her struggle for freedom originates from the unspeakable and
unthinkable atrocities meted out to her by society and people around her.
Celie shows, that the harder the struggle, the sweeter the freedom. Self-realization
becomes all the more important for black people particularly black women because
the social evil of slavery and its aftermath have robbed them of their identity and
because of being black women they had to suffer double subjugation and
oppression, first, by society and then again by the men of their own community.
Coming from such harshly atrocious background and traumatic past, Celie
beautifully shows a positive metamorphosis in her journey of self-liberation and
comes to realize the importance of her self-worth.
This paper explores the drastic effects of slavery and its consequences on black
women through the lens of Celie’s life journey, and the dilemmas black women
had to deal with, which reinforces her to embark on the journey to liberate herself
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from these obnoxious shackles and achieve real freedom. The Color Purple shows
this satisfying revival of female consciousness which also resonates with Alice
Walker’s “womanism”. Since the realization of self-worth is a timeless concept and
so inspiring, it holds true from the time of Alice Walker to the present day and will
help us to be better humans and learn the value and importance of liberating
ourselves achieving freedom in true sense and being content with ourselves at the
end just like Celie.
Keywords- oppression, liberation, freedom, self-realization, self-worth
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104. Clinical Evaluation of Hepatoprotective effect of

Bhumyamalki (Phyllanthus amarus) and Phaltrikadi
decoction (an Ayurvedic herbal composition) in
patients of acute viral hepatitis.
Dr. Harbans Singh
Central Ayurveda Research Institute, (Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic

Sciences, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India), Moti Bagh Road, Patiala-
147001 Punjab, India
Abstract: Background: Hepatitis infection has become a major worldwide health

problem because the potential nature of course of the disease to cirrhosis and the
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Acute viral infection is the most common cause
of all forms of hepatitis. The viral hepatitis have been thought to be self limiting in
nature but sometimes majority of patients of viral hepatitis have been observed
ending up with a serious complications like hepatic failure, etc. So, the clinical study
was planned to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Bhyumyamalki (Phyllanthus
amarus) and Phaltrikadi decoction (an Ayurvedic herbal composition) on scientific
parameters.
Aim and objectives: To clinically evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of

Bhyumyamalki (Phyllanthus amarus) and Phaltrikadi decoction in patients of acute viral
hepatitis.
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Materials and Methods: This prospective, clinical trial was conducted at

Department of Medicine, Desh Bhagat Ayurvedic College & Hospital, Mandi
Gobindgarh, Punjab. Only those patients were selected for clinical trial, who
presented themselves with anorexia, nausea, vomiting, low grade fever, weakness,
dark urine, jaundice and tender hepatomegaly with abnormal liver function test
(LFTs). Each patient was subjected to series of laboratory tests such asserum
bilirubin, AST, ALT, serum alkaline phosphatase, HbSAg, HCV and liver
ultrasound before treatment, after 15 days of treatment and after one month of
treatment to know the extent of liver damage as well as the rate of response to trial
drugs. In the clinical trial, three groups of patients of viral hepatitis have been
studied to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of Bhumyamalki and Phaltrikadi
decoction. The first group was given 50 ml of freshly prepared Bhumyamalki
decoction, made from 10 gm of crude drug, twice daily. The second group was
given a standardized decoction of herbal composition Phaltrikadi decoction, in a
dosage of 50 ml made from 10 gm of crude drug, twice daily. The third group was
given 100 gm of glucose powder daily.
Observations and Results: The trial was conducted for one month and liver
functions test were periodically evaluated to assess the hepatoprotective effect of
drugs under trial. At the end of the trial, group first and second exhibited
hepatoprotective efficiency over the control.
Conclusion: Thus it can be concluded that Bhumyamalki and Phaltrikadi decoction

drugs are effective in the management of acute viral hepatitis.
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105. Design Optimization of Chocks for Rolling Mill

Application.
Dr. Chandrmani Yadav1 and Prof. Vasim A. Shaikh2

1
Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sandip Institute of
Technology and Research Centre, Mahiravani, Trimbak Road, Nashik,
Maharashtra-India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Automation and Robotics, Sandip Institute
of Technology and Research Centre, Mahiravani, Trimbak Road, Nashik,
Maharashtra-India
Abstract: Finite Element Analysis is a science which is used to calculate

displacements, strains, and stresses in components under the loads acting on it.
The results of Finite Element Analysis are used in conceptual studies of new
designs, product development and optimization of products. In this study, analysis
and optimization of roll chock of cold rolling mill on Ansys14.0. The analysis has
been done by using three types of materials (i.e. Fe 410, Fe 316 and Fe c55) and
modification in the design of the top and bottom backup and work roll chock. In
comparison to current chocks, the optimized chock would use less material and yet
be strong enough. After the optimization, the weight of the top and bottom back
up roll chocks are reduced by 23.37% and 25.05% respectively. Furthermore, the
weight of the top and bottom work roll chocks are reduced by 323.61kg and
268.08 kg respectively, after modification in the design and materials selection.
Based on the most effective results, it will be useful to fabricate Rolling Mill
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Housing with less weight while maintaining the same strength, which will be cost-
effective and long-lasting.
Keywords: Finite Element Analysis, Roll Chock, Ansys14.0, Rolling Mill Housing
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106. MIMO Concept for Improve System

Performance of FSO under heavy fog Condition.
Ms. Soni Gupta1 Dr. Raj Kumar Gupta2 and Dr. Sanmukh
Kaur3
1,2
Amity University Rajasthan, India
Amity University Noida, India
Abstract: This study investigates the performance of single-input single-output

(SISO) and multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems in free-space optical
(FSO) communication under heavy fog conditions. The use of MIMO systems
can enhance FSO channel capacity and mitigate the attenuation caused by dense
fog. The research utilizes Opti System version 7.0 to compare parameters such
as received optical power, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and bit error rate (BER).
The results indicate that for configurations with 4Tx/4Rx, 3Tx/3Rx, 2Tx/2Rx,
and 1Tx/1Rx, the maximum achievable distance is 1.7 km, 1.55 km, 1.5 km,
and 1.4 km, respectively. It is observed that employing up to four beams
enhances the quality of the received power.
Keywords: FSO, Opti System 7.0, MIMO, BER, Q- Factor.
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107. Coordinated Border Management in India: The

Way Forward.
Dr. Bijal Zaveri and Marcos Miguel
PhD Dean of Faculty of Management Studies, Parul University
PhD Student, Parul University, Customs Officer, Mozambique Revenue Authority
Abstract: This paper was conducted to assess the process of implementation of

the Coordinated Border Management in India through use of exploratory method
and documentary review methodology. The paper has identified problems related
to the lack of diagnostic study to assess the strengths and weakness, opportunities
and threats in the six key areas of Coordinated Border Management which should
indicate the key priorities of the CBM Strategy that should support the
implementation process. The study employed desk review method which has used
both primary and secondary sources of data. The major findings are: CBM is in
early stage and substantial progress in the interagency cooperation and
coordination in India have been achieved through establishment of both Land
Ports Authority of India (LPAI) and Integrated Check Points (ICP). LPAI is well
positioned to become the Border Management Agency and ICP are in right path to
meet comprehensive interagency cooperation and coordination and easily
implement One Stop Border Post in the near future. Recommendations: CBM
Strategy is required for successful implementation of the process with support of
the change management plan. Keywords: Coordinated Border Management
(CBM), Trade Facilitation, Integrated Check Points, India.
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108. Application of Descriptive Statistics for the

Analysis of Rainfall variability over the Tropics: Port
Harcourt as a case study.
Chinago Budnukaeku Alexander
Department of Transport Planning and Management, School of Environmental

Science, Captain Elechi Amadi Polytechnic, Nigeria.
Abstract: The study “Application of Descriptive Statistics for the analysis of

rainfall over the tropics: Port Harcourt as a case study” observed that rainfall
distribution over Port Harcourt and at large the tropics from the period of study
are highly variable. Rainfall distribution tends to decrease over time. It was also
observed that the seasonal rainfall distribution is shifting as May and August
rainfall has increased over the years, given rise to excessive runoff resulting to
flood in late September to early October.
Though the period of flooding may vary from one tropical region to another, but
the same factor that triggers Port Harcourt rainfall is also responsible for other
tropical humid environment rainfall variability; other observations include the
characteristics of number of rain days, which has decrease over the years.
Descriptive statistics is discovered to be the best method of analyzing rainfall
variability within the study area.
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The descriptive statistics used for this work includes mean, standard deviation,
coefficient of variation, average deviation and dispersion (auto correlation)
graphically. Dispersion (auto correlation) performed best in in analysis of rainfall
variability both for annual and seasonal rainfall. The standard deviation and mean
deviation were similar when analyzing seasonal variability; therefore need not to be
duplicated. Finally, It was observed that comparative analysis of climatic cycle
rainfall gives the best result, as it gives visual comparison of the variations over
years and seasons.
Keywords: Climate, discriptive statistics, rainfall variability, Port Harcourt, tropics
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109. Protective Effects of Methanol Leaf Extract of

Kigelia Africana against Doxorubicin-Induced
Cardiotoxicity in Rats.
Olabinri. P. Folashade1, Olariyeju, Olanrewaju. O 2,

Crown O. O3 and Olaleye Mary Tolulope2
1
Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,
Ogbomoso, Nigeria
2
Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
3
Department of Biochemistry, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS.
Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the potential cardioprotective

effects of Kigelia africana leaf extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
Doxorubicin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug known to cause heart
damage. The study aimed to assess the extract's antioxidant properties and its
ability to scavenge free radicals, with the ultimate goal of exploring its potential as a
treatment for heart-related disorders.
Methods: Fresh leaves of K. africana were collected, dried, and processed into a
methanol extract. The extract was analyzed for its phytochemical composition and
tested for its ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and exhibit antioxidant activity.
Male albino rats were divided into five groups and administered varying doses of
the extract orally for 13 days. On the thirteenth day, they were also given a single
dose of doxorubicin intraperitoneally.
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Results: Phytochemical analysis of K. africana leaves revealed the presence of

tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, steroids, anthraquinone, and
flavonoids. The leaf extract exhibited significant in vitro radical scavenging and
antioxidant activities. Pre-treatment with the extract led to a decrease in serum
marker enzyme creatinine kinase (CK-MB) activity compared to the control group.
The extract also attenuated doxorubicin-induced alterations in lactate
dehydrogenase (LDH), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH)
levels, as well as cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Conclusion: The methanol extract of Kigelia africana demonstrates cardioprotective

effects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, potentially due to its antioxidant
properties.
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110. Indian Systems of Medicine.
Dr. Pramod V. Pattar

IIPPDF, Eudoxia Research Univeristy- USA
Abstract: Traditional systems of medicine have always played an important role in

meeting global health care needs. Utilization of herbal products produced based on
them is increasing in developed countries also. India has the unique distinction of
having six recognized systems of medicine, viz. Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Yoga,
Naturopathy and Homeopathy. Indian Systems of Medicine are among the well-
known global traditional systems of medicine. The present attempt has been made
to provide general information pertaining to different aspects of these systems.
Keywords: Indian System of Medicine, Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, Indigenous

systems of medicine.
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111. The Impact of Technology on Contemporary

English Language and Literature.
Dr. Anukriti Sharma
Professor SIRT, Bhopal, MP, India
Abstract: This research paper explores the influence of technology on

contemporary English language and literature. It investigates various aspects,
including the use of digital platforms for literary creation, dissemination, and
consumption, the emergence of new literary genres and forms through digital
media, and the effects of technology on language use, encompassing vocabulary,
syntax, and communication styles. Subtopics covered include digital literature,
social media's impact on language use, e-publishing's influence on reading habits,
digital tools for text analysis, virtual reality's role in immersive storytelling, and the
impact of globalization on English literature. Through an interdisciplinary
approach, this study contributes to our understanding of how technological
advancements shape the English language and contemporary literary production.
Keywords: technology, English language, literature, digital literature, social media,

e-publishing, text analysis, virtual reality, globalization
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112. Biosensors Technology: Fundamentals &

Applications.
Kashish
Assistant Professor-II, School of Sciences, Noida International University, India
Abstract: In recent years, the efforts in the field of biosensors have been directed
in fields of medicine, pathogens and environment. Among various types of
biosensors, genosensors got much more attention in these areas particularly in
detection of pathogens due to high selectivity and sensitivity in the detection.
Conventional genosensors for pathogen suffers from various drawbacks as they
are time consuming (culture-based methods), less sensitive, skill based, costly and
time required labelling procedures. In new generation genosensors the
advancement came due to nanotechnology by introducing nanomaterials of large
surface area with catalytic properties. Nanomaterials like noble metals
nanoparticles show the merits not only due to large surface area and high surface
energy but also due to having conductivity and ease of functionalization.
Nanomaterials based platforms are explored to analyze the pathogens at early stage
before the actual manifestation of diseases has occurred. A brief classification of
biosensors, components of biosensors, highlights the importance of nanomaterials
and conducting polymers as immobilization matrices are discussed in this chapter.
Keywords: Biosensor, sensitivity, generation biosensor, transducers, recognition

layer, DNA sensor, sensing platform.
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113. Effect of salt stress on seed germination of

Monarda citriodora Cerv.ex Lag.
Ruby Singh, Savita Luxmi, Rajendra Bhanwaria
CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu-180001, India

Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad-201002, India
Abstract: Monarda Citriodora Cerv.ex Lag. is a valuable annual aromatic herb
belonging to the family Lamiaceae (mint family), also known as bee balm or lemon
balm. Seed germination is an important phase in the life cycle of plants that is
influenced by both intrinsic and external influences. The current research aimed to
investigate the impact of NaCl salt stress on seed germination of Monarda citriodora
Cerv.ex Lag. The five different concentration (20 mM, 40 mM, 60 mM, 80 mM
and 100 mM) of NaCl salt were used in the experiment with 0 mM Nacl solution
as a control. With each saline solution 50 seeds of M. Citriodora were germinated.
The number of germinated seeds were recorded at day- 5 to day- 10. The results
shows that the salt stress decreases the % of seed germination by 20.54%, 35.75%
and 78.57% with 60 mM, 80 mM and 100 mM NaCl salt stress respectively.
However, the 20 mM and 40 mM concentration of NaCl have non-toxic effect on
the germination % of M. Citriodora seeds.
Keywords- Aromatic, Lamiaceae, Monarda, Salt stress, Seed germination,
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114. Efficiency of Matt ke Matt Lung Kang in Thai

Traditional Medicine.
Warattaya Srikhamhaeng
Kannasootsuksalai School, Thailand
Abstract: In the current situation, Our group has seen family members or the
elderly, even in teenagers, have unusually frequent headaches that hinder them.
Has difficulty doing everyday things. Our group therefore had an idea to do
research on the brain and spinal cord. Occasionally, current treatments with oral
medications alone can lead to drug resistance. Overdosing of the drug is not good
for the body and may be the wrong treatment. Or during the age when children
under 12 years old cannot take pills. And liquid pills may not be as effective as
pills. Because of this, our group needs to find and research the source along with
taking the drug. for maximum benefit. This research is presented in article format.
Which uses traditional Thai medicine as the main reference in studying the brain,
spinal cord and treatment methods that are most beneficial, safe, correct, helping
people recover from headaches and to develop Thai traditional medicine to be
more perfect and known in the future is popular or shows value to people.
Keywords: Efficiency, Thai Traditional Medicine, Matt ke Matt Lung Kang,

treatment methods that are most beneficial, safe, correct, Has difficulty doing
everyday things
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115. Environmental Criminology: Its Application and

preventive techniques.
Varsha Ekambaram and Dr Mayuri Sahay
Garden City University, Bangalore, India
Abstract: Environmental criminology is the study of how crime, the offender, and
victimization relate, first, to particular places, and secondly, to the way that
individuals and organisations shape their activities within or around that place. It is
growing as theoreticians and researchers actively explore crimes as diverse events
that can be understood when explored by jointly considering potential offenders
and their proximal and distal surroundings. Term that is used to encompass a
variety of theoretical approaches, all focusing on the fourth dimension: routine
activity theory, the geometric theory of crime, rational choice theory, and pattern
theory. Mapping is often used to define and determining crime patterns in
environmental criminology. Maps assist in associating crime with land usage, traffic
patterns, street/urban design, and the daily activities and movements of victims
and offenders. . This paper explores about its application and preventive
techniques and methodology is based on the secondary data within the framework
of environmental criminology. The Questionnaire of Environmental Observation
for the Spatial-Temporal Analysis of homicide in Bogotá was applied to 51 focal
points of crime. The results show the predominance of spatial-environmental
factors in the occurrence of homicide, backed by variables of the theory of
disorder, territoriality, routine activity and the defendable space. Concluding that it
will enable us to obtain evidence for the development of strategies for the
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situational prevention of crime, and in particular, design defendable spaces, based

on the implementation of differential multi-dimensional actions in the territory.
Crime prevention based on environmental criminology attempts to separate
potential offenders from suitable targets or good opportunities by changing the
attraction of activity nodes, travel paths of potential offenders and potential
victims.
Keywords - routine activity theory, the geometric theory of crime, rational choice
theory, Spatial-Temporal Analysis.
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116. Essence of Multi-paradigm Perspective on

Accounting to College Curriculum.
Dr. Velissa C. Rubaya
VSPSBS Educational Consultancy Services/VSPS Bookkeeping Services/ Rizal

Technological University
Abstract: Every country or state has a challenge when it comes to employment.

Many graduates after their graduation are having difficulty of finding one that is
best fit for their qualifications and passion. This will result in an either increasing
unemployment rate or job mismatch. To resolve this issue, a learner during in his
college journey should get a course that will be relevant during the time he will be
graduated to find his best job.
A graduate of Bachelor of Science in Accountancy should be knowledgeable in the

accounting trends during the time he will be graduated to let him find a good job
after his graduation. In this study, the challenge to the educators of preparing the
subject offering for the course BS Accountancy to be relevant is the main subject.
Nowadays, a lot of different perspective on accounting evolved the college
curriculum should reviewed and revised to be able to cope up with employment
challenge among the future graduates.
The research design used is the qualitative descriptive research and quantitative
research or the mixed method. The researcher used the qualitative design during
the finding of the new accounting subject to be offered with the help of previous
studies and literatures review. While the quantitative one is the survey among the
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students about the popular accounting subject from the listed new accounting
subject that the students are familiar with. The major finding in this study is that
among the 3 new subjects of accounting, only 2 of the new subjects are well
known to the current student of Bachelor of Science in Accountancy. Thus, one of
the recommendations is to add the new accounting subjects to the current
curriculum in order that the future graduates be relevant when the time of finding
their job will come.
Keywords: Accounting, Multiparadigm, College Curriculum, Accounting

Educators
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117. Emerging trends in organic chemistry.
Dr. Anil Kumar Kanuri
M.Sc., (PhD), Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy,
Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract: Organic chemistry is one of the emerging scientific areas and the back
bone to the medical sciences, pharmaceutical sciences, agricultural sciences,
dentistry and allied areas. All the complex lifesaving drugs available in the market
today are organic substances of two classes i.e. biological or synthetic. The later
requires complex reagents and processes to develop new drugs with maximum
yields and highest purity. On the other hand organic chemistry is the basement to
understand the molecular basis of life. One can define organic chemistry as the
study of carbon compounds regardless of the origin. For instance bioorganic
chemistry is the fascinating and the youngest scientific discipline and it’s truly
interfaced between organic chemistry and biochemistry/biology.
The organometallic chemistry uses metal substituted organic molecules which also
beneficial to the mankind in the form of drugs, polymers, dyes, flavors etc... Nano
biotechnology also uses the principles of organic chemistry to resolve complex
chemistries and biological systems with the help of Nano science and
biotechnology, and also not an age old discipline. Considering the industrial and
academic research, organic chemistry and its emerging technologies have gained
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extensive interest which laid foundations for its ever evolving and ever expanding
research capabilities in future.
Keywords: Bioorganic chemistry, Biochemistry, Organometallic chemistry, Nano

biotechnology
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118. Experimental study of the deflection of parts of

different materials subjected to simple bending.
Bentahar Mohammed, Merzouk Zaouia and Behram

Hadjar
Departement of civil & hydraulic engineering, Tahar Moulay University of Saida,

Saida, Algeria.
Abstract: The deflection of the beam is an essential parameter in the resistance of

materials, and in the resolution of bending problems related to the distributed or
simple load. The study is oriented more precisely on the influence of the
dimensions of the specimens on the deflection. Using the (gunt HAMBURG)
device to do this test. In addition, samples were used for the four materials
respectively aluminum, copper, brass and steel, in order to test these materials on
the intensity of durability on the one hand, and on the other hand. The other hand
to know the value of the deflection of each material. This experiment focused on
the change of several dimensions, such as length, thickness, width in addition to a
change in the load for the applied force. The modulus of elasticity was calculated
for these materials and compared with the reference results. Thus, the error
estimate was calculated and compared. The results obtained show a good
correlation and good proportionality between the experimental method and the
reference results.
Keyword: Beam, deflection, bending, specimen, materials

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119. The Mathematical Modeling for Covid-19

Transmission Dynamics and Impact of Water
Pollution on It in Pakistan.
Amna Ajaib1, Mahnoor Naz2 and Ayesha Khurram3

1,2
Department Of Mathematics, Fazaia Bilquis College Of Education
For Women PAF Base Nur Khan, Pakistan
3
Fazaia Bilquis College of Education For Women PAF Base Nur Khan,
Pakistan
Abstract: Coronavirus has been broadcasted a pandemic by the World Health

Organization (WHO). 630,471 confirmed cases and 13,863 deaths have been
observed in Pakistan as of March 23rd, 2021. From February 15th to March 15th,
2021, we collected data to investigate the Covid-19 transmission disease and its
effect on water pollution. Around 60 million people in Pakistan are at risk of being
poisoned by high level of arsenic present in their drinking water, making it the
world’s largest mass poisoning. Drinking water is one of the most common ways
that people are exposed to toxins. We looked at the levels of toxins in drinking
water that affect the immune system and, as a result, we are more likely to become
infected with this epidemic disease. We also calculated the fundamental
reproductive number and demonstrated the disease persistence criteria for Ro.
Once the model parameters have been set using accessible clinical data, we offer a
model that allows us to replicate and predict the dynamic evolution of any
epidemic disease throughout time. SIDARTHE model is a model which we use in
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this paper to distinguishes between the detected and undetected cases of the
respective infection, as well as between different seriousness if illness (SOI), non-
perilous and conceivable hazardous cases that require ICU admission. The
communications between various periods of contamination are portrayed
graphically.
The numerical model SIDARTHE dynamical framework is comprised of eight

conventional differential conditions that depict the populace’s movement through
time in each stage. Here is the main equation we generated from the 8 parametrical
differential equations to find the basic reproductive number:
𝛽𝜖 𝛾𝜁 𝜂𝜖 𝜁𝜃
𝛼 + 𝑟 + 𝑟 + 𝛿 (𝑟 𝑟 + 𝑟 𝑟 )
2 3 2 4 3 4
𝑅0 =
𝛾1
By setting different parameters used in our generated formula according to current

situation in Pakistan, we calculated the Basic Reproductive Rate through
MATLAB, which gives the result as:
R0 = 2.5926
The basic reproductive number for COVID - 19 ranges from 2.4 to 3.4. As a
result, our findings indicate that this pandemic disease is prone to spread. We also
calculated the CFR and CMR of the pandemic disease SARS-Cov-2 for the data
gathered from WHO and other health related websites in the selected time period.
Hence CMR percentage is:
CMR = 2.23
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Furthermore, we go over the results in depth to explain the current situation in

light of the predetermined criteria.
Our result demonstrates that a higher concentration of pollutants per population

leads to exposure to transmission diseases.
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120. Legal Implication of Recent Advances in Social

Sciences, Humanities, Management, and Scientific
Research: Exploring Multidisciplinary Perspective.
Dr. BM Magaji Fnim

FMERU and FMERC, Associate Professor of Law, School of Law, American
University Of Nigeria, Yola Nigeria
Abstract: This paper aims to explore the intersection of law and various disciplines
encompassing social sciences, humanities, management, and scientific research.
With an emphasis on recent advancements in these fields, this research delves into
the legal implications that arise as a result. By examining the evolving landscape of
multidisciplinary collaborations, this paper serves as a platform for fostering
intellectual discourse and understanding of how the law adapts to accommodate
emerging societal, ethical, and technological challenges. Through an exploration of
legal frameworks, policies, and case studies, this paper seeks to address critical
issues, insights, and solutions that contribute to a holistic understanding of the
contemporary legal landscape in relation to social sciences, humanities,
management, and scientific research.
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121. Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural

Financial System.
Rashmi Sinha
School of Agribusiness & Rural Management, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central
Agricultural University, Pusa Samastipur, India
Abstract:Climate change is the change in the pattern of temperature and weather.
The global temperature has already risen by 1.1ºC. The various impact of climate
change includes floods, drought, rise in temperature etc. which causes economic
losses and create adverse impact on the financial stability of an economy.
Agriculture is among one sector which is more vulnerable to climate related
shocks. Climate related risk have an impact on the production and yield of the crop
resulting in economic losses. The agricultural finance sector in India mainly
consists of financial institutions, Insurance companies, as the major lenders.
Moreover, since most of the farmers are small and marginal and have negligible
amount of savings therefore, they depend mostly on financial institutions for
financing their farm related expenses. A change in climate could affects their credit
paying abilities as it could leads to loss in crop yield thereby lowering their income
earning capacity. Though the study identifies there is a positive growth rate in
agricultural financing sector. A change in climate could adversely affect the stability
of the sector. The current paper hence focuses on analysing the status of
agricultural finance in India and potential risk and opportunities associated with
the agricultural finance sector because of this climate change. The paper also
highlights the major policies and actions necessary to mitigate the risk.
Keyword: Climate change; agriculture finance; climate finance and financial system
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122. Impact of Internet of Thing in Healthcare.
Raju and Rajendra Kumar

Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Natural Science. Jamia Millia Islamia,
New Delhi, India
Abstract: “Health is Wealth” is the common proverb that we are listening from
our childhood but now this wealth is in danger because in our busy life we are not
giving time to our health. We have no time to go for regular medical check-up and
nobody care about us and not even our family members. Now time has come
when we have to think about our health and the best way to do this is technology.
This paper describes how Internet of Thing and healthcare collaborate with each
other and provide us a better platform to improve our health. Today IoT has a
significant contribution in the filed medical that allows medical experts to examine
their patients remotely, these devices are also going to use in daily life to monitor
health parameters like blood pressure, glucose level, heart rate etc., and in
healthcare sectors these devices known as Healthcare IoT (HIoT) devices. As
HIoT devices are in their infancy state, so these devices also facing security issues
which can be solved by the researchers and scientist in coming few decades. This
paper aim to aware the people about various threats, challenges, security issues of
Healthcare devices and suggesting them the ways of securing these devices from
the attackers.
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123. Empowering Learners: Innovative Teaching

Techniques to Maximize Student Engagement.
Dr. Shikha
Assistant Professor (SOED) K. R Mangalam University, India
Abstract: Student engagement is a critical factor in promoting effective learning

outcomes. In todays rapidly evolving educational landscape, traditional teaching
methods may fall short in capturing and maintaining students' attention and
motivation.
As educators strive to meet the diverse needs of their learners, innovative teaching
strategies have emerged as powerful tools to enhance student engagement. This
article explores a range of creative and forward-thinking techniques that empower
learners and maximize their engagement in the classroom. From incorporating
technology to promoting active learning and fostering a supportive learning
environment, these approaches aim to cultivate a passion for learning and enable
students to thrive academically and personally. By embracing these innovative
teaching techniques, educators can create transformative learning experiences that
empower learners and prepare them for success in the modern world. Over the
years, there has been a dramatic change in the thinking process of educational
theories and the education system. Major policies focus on equality of educational
opportunities and job opportunities in the younger generation.
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The public and private institutions of higher learning therefore focus on the need
to meet the diverse needs of students, and focus on student-centered teaching.
Teaching methods and techniques are now more flexible. Uses of technology bring
most significant change at higher level of education. Now learning is moving from
traditional method to technological method.
Keywords: Student Engagement, Innovative Teaching Techniques, Active

Learning, Technology in Education, Supportive Learning Environment
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124. R&D investment and Financing behavior on

Public Sector Enterprises in India.
Mr. Mrinal Choudhury

Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, Tripura (Central) University,
Suryamaninagar, Agartala, Tripura, India.
Abstarct: This study examines the Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs)
finance their investments in research and development (R&D). Using panel data
from generalized methods of moment estimation for a sample of 24 nos
Maharatna and Navaratna under CPSEs in India based on the last ten years'
dataset, and drawing on institutional theory, it is showing that the majority of
CPSEs tend to use internal funds for financing of R&D investments. When the
sample was divided into alliance and non-alliance enterprises, as well as bank-based
and market-based financial systems, interesting results were obtained.
The findings show that, alliance and non-alliance enterprises behave differently
when it comes to R&D financing. While non-alliance corporations do not employ
external finance for R&D investments, alliance firms do use both internal and
external funding. The financial system has an impact on the choice of financial
sources in this study. The CPSEs follow a banking-based financial system and
frequently rely on outside sources to fund their R&D expenditures.
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This study is significant because it provides new evidence on finance of R&D

spending while taking institutional considerations into account. As a result, Board
should taking decision about the best sources of R&D funding.
Keywords: R&D Expenditure, Maharatna and Navaratna Enterprises and Banking

Based Finance, JEL Classification: C3; M1; M4.
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125. Effect of the Introducing Seaweed Powder into

the Pp-Based Composite Material.
Aicha Dehane1,2, Dalila Hammiche1, Amar Boukerrou1

and Balbir Singh Kaith2
1
Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Process Engineering Department,
Faculty of Technology, University of Bejaia, Algeria.
2
Department of Chemistry, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology,
Jalandhar, Punjab, India
Abstract: Dispersants and coupling agents supply several advantages and are
chosen based upon the application requirement. Dispersants adhere to the fiber
surface but without a strong link with the matrix. Coupling agents also adhere to
the fiber as well to the polymer through chemical bonds or through chain
entanglement. Thus, the dispersant role is to foster the homogeneity and limit
defect sites by means of the agglomerate to give better dispersion of the fibers.
Dispersants are a surface-active agent, being composed of two segments
chemically different. For this purpose, a dispersing agent It was applied in the
current work BYK-W 980. It was a composite made of PP and seaweed powder.
Study of mechanical and morphological properties of the compounds obtained in
order to see the effectiveness of the dispersant on the PP/Alg compounds.
Keywords: seaweed powder; Polymer-matrix composites; Polypropylene

Mechanical properties; chemical treatment.
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126. Promoting Environmental Sustainability

through EMAP: The Mediating Role of Stakeholder
Engagement, Organizational Culture, and
Leadership Style.
Prince Dacosta Anaman
Accounting Department, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between Environmental

Management Accounting Practices (EMAP) and Environmental Sustainability
while examining the mediating effects of Stakeholder Engagement, Organizational
Culture, and Leadership Style.
The study employs a quantitative research methodology, utilizing a structured

questionnaire to collect data from a sample of 99 respondents from various SMEs.
After analysing the data using SMART PLS 4, the study reveals that EMAP
positively influences environmental sustainability, indicating that organizations
implementing effective environmental management accounting practices are more
likely to achieve higher levels of environmental sustainability. Moreover, the results
demonstrate that Stakeholder Engagement, Organizational Culture, and Leadership
Style mediate the relationship between EMAP and environmental sustainability.
The results offer insights for organizations aiming to enhance their environmental
performance by implementing effective EMAP strategies and considering the
mediating factors. Additionally, the study highlights the need for further research
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to explore additional variables, extend the analysis to different contexts, and assess
the long-term effects of EMAP on environmental sustainability
Keywords: Environmental Sustainability, Environmental Management Accounting

Practice, Stakeholder Engagement, Organizational Culture, Leadership Style.
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127. Mediation as an Effective ADR Mechanism:

Banking Law Perspective in Bangladesh.
Mohammad Hasan Ali
Advocate, Bangladesh
Abstract: Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is one of the modern procedures

in legal systems for settling the disputes without litigation. It is usually less costly
and more expeditious. It includes as conciliation, mediation and arbitration. They
are increasingly being utilized in disputes that would otherwise result in litigation,
including labour disputes, civil suits and corporate matters. The parties in
corporate dispute may prefer mediation as an effective ADR mechanism unlike
adversarial proceedings.
In the litigation there are one party is winner and another is loser but when a
dispute is settled by mediation here both the parties are winner or loser. A learned
lawyer represents the suit on behalf of his client with arguments, on the other
hand, both the parties directly can take part in mediation process and they are able
to openly submit their statements.
A full community involves in the procedure having social harmony even the parties
finally may get pardon but there are a party has to face punishment in cases as such
they advance through appeal although there is no opportunity of appeal in
mediation and all the parties are acknowledged the result of it. Most of the times
parties do not understanding the procedures of litigation cause of being everything
documentary and written of it. Mediation is much effective as most of it is verbally
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done. The plaintiff and defendant cannot stand by or seat with their appointed
learned lawyers in litigation in the court. They can submit their points themselves
in mediation process. People could more early settle their dispute through the
process as it does not take much time like litigation to be solved.
Keywords: Banking Law, ADR, Conciliation, Mediation, Arbitration
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128. Microfluidics in Microbiology: Exploring the

Potential of Paper based Microfluidics.
Dr. Amita Madhukar Kocharekar
Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, PTVA’s Sathaye College,

Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract: Microfluidics is an interdisciplinary field that deals with the manipulation

and control of small amounts of fluids, typically on a microscale level. It has gained
significant attention in the scientific community due to its versatility and potential
applications in various fields, including biology, chemistry, medicine, and
environmental monitoring.
In the context of microbiological assays, microfluidic systems provide a potent

platform for conducting experiments and analysis involving microorganisms. The
advantages of using microfluidics in microbiology include the ability to handle
small sample volumes, reduced reagent consumption, faster reaction times, and
enhanced control over experimental conditions. These benefits make microfluidic-
based assays particularly appealing for applications in point-of-care diagnostics,
pathogen detection, drug screening, and microbial studies.
One specific area of interest within microfluidics is paper-based microfluidics. This

technology leverages paper as the substrate material for creating microfluidic
devices. Paper is inexpensive, readily available, and does not require specialized
equipment for fabrication, making it an attractive option, especially in resource-
limited settings. The review discusses various techniques used to fabricate paper-
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based miniaturized devices, such as wax printing, inkjet printing, and screen
printing. These techniques allow researchers to create precise fluidic pathways and
reservoirs on paper, enabling the controlled manipulation of liquids and
microorganisms.
In conclusion, microfluidics, with a particular emphasis on paper-based

microfluidics, offers exciting opportunities for advancing microbiological research
and applications. As the field continues to evolve, the integration of microfluidic
technologies with microbiology is expected to yield innovative solutions with
broad implications for healthcare, biotechnology, and beyond.
Keywords: Microbiology, Microfluidics, Paper, Inexpensive.
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129. Assesment of physico-chemical status of

Getalsud water Reservoir in Ranchi Jharkhand in
relation to plankton diversity.
Monika Kumari and Neeta Lal
University Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, India
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to assess the zooplankton diversity in
relation to the abiotic factors and nutrient dynamics of Getalsud Dam, Jharkhand,
India. The samples were collected from four selected sites for the period of one
year from March 2022 to February 2023. A total of 3430 of zooplankton were
reported belonging to different classes were reported. Different species of
zooplanktons included rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, ostracoda, millipedes,
protozoans. Physico-chemical analysis of water was also done for the same
reservoir. The mean values of temperature, dissolved oxygen and hydrogen ion,
TDS, turbidity, conductivity and alkalinity was also calculated. Rotifers were the
dominant group representing approximately (24.3%). Station 4 showed least
abundance of zooplanktons reflecting poor water quality due to anthropogenic
intervention thus influencing the plankton diversity.
Keywords: Plankton, diversity, nutrient dynamics, dissolved
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130. The role of Science and Technology in History

and Heritage Conservation of Management.
Dr. Anant L Zandekar

FMERU and FMERC India, Associate Professor and Chairman, Dept. of Histroy
and Archeology Dean, Social Science & Law faculty Academic and Syndicate
member Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Ballari – Karnataka, India
Abstract: The relationship between science & technology and conservation has
been growing from many years. Scientific research to understand historic materials
and inform evidence-led conservation practices is increasingly seen as an important
step towards ensuring positive long-term outcomes for cultural property. 'Heritage
science' is emerging as a discipline in its own right. The development of heritage
science with specific reference to its application to building conservation is
considered. The role of science and technology in conservation of history and
management is discussed. It is expected that these recommendations, if
implemented, will help to balance the needs of heritage practitioners, who require
the ability to gather meaningful data from historic buildings and sites.
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131. United Nations High Commissioner for

Refugees and the Management of Cameroonian
Anglophone Refugees in Cross River State, Nigeria,
2017-2023.
Oko, Thomas Odey and Prof. I. M. Abada
Department of Political Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

Abstract: The influx of Cameroonian refugees seeking humanitarian protection in
Nigeria indicates the severity of the conflict and the desperate conditions that force
people to flee their homes. The separatist movements in Anglophone Cameroon
and clashes with government forces have led to widespread violence, displacement,
and human rights abuses. As a result, over 60,000 refugees have crossed into
Nigeria between 2017 and 2022. However, while studies have explored the causes
of the conflict and the humanitarian challenges faced by the refugees in their
various camps, the extant literature has failed to substantially assess how the
intervention of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees has impacted
the management of Anglophone Cameroonian refugees in Cross River State. By
its very mandate, the UNHCR was established to safeguard the rights and well-
being of refugees, displaced persons, and stateless individuals. Since 2017, the
commission has been actively involved in the management of Cameroonian
refugees in Cross River State. Against this backdrop, therefore, this paper assesses
how the UNHCR and its interventions have managed the Cameroonian refugees in
Cross River state. Theoretically, the study was anchored on the Global Governance
Theory to explicate the framework for managing global issues and challenges that
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transcend national borders. Survey and documentary methods were used to gather
both primary and secondary data for the study; while the data generated were
analysed using thematic analysis and logical deductions. Findings indicate that
despite various interventions of the UNHCR and its partners the Cameroonian
Anglophone refugees in Cross River State still face humanitarian crises including
poor living conditions and insecurity of vulnerable populations. Among other
things, the study recommends improved basic services and infrastructure within
the refugee camp, including expanding shelters to alleviate overcrowding, ensuring
access to clean water, and healthcare services.
Keywords: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Cameroonian

Anglophone Refugees, Conflict, Cross Rivers State, Nigeria.
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132. Perceptions and Representations: British

Narratives on Sikh Rule in Kashmir.
This paper explores the perceptions and representations of British narratives on

Sikh rule in Kashmir during the 19th century. The primary concern of this paper is
to critically analyze and dissect the biases, assumptions, and discourses that shaped
the British knowledge of Sikh administration in Kashmir. This study provides a
valuable contribution towards gaining a deeper understanding of the intricate
interdependence between colonial power dynamics, cultural encounters, and
historical representations. It accomplishes this by revealing the diverse and
multifaceted nature of these narratives. This study undertakes a multidimensional
approach to exhaustively investigate the political, cultural, and gendered
dimensions of British narratives. It critically analyzes the orientalist discourses,
stereotypes, and constructions of the British representations of Sikh rule in
Kashmir. Furthermore, this research takes a comprehensive approach to
investigate the lesser-explored aspects, including the influence of gender dynamics
and regional politics on British perceptions By uncovering the underlying
complexities and nuances, this study challenges prevailing narratives about Sikh
governance in Kashmir. Through elucidating the multifaceted perspectives and the
intricate power dynamics, this investigation presents a challenge to and introduces
complexity into the prevailing narratives surrounding Sikh governance in Kashmir.
By extensively analyzing primary sources such as official reports, travel accounts,
correspondences, and literary works, this study presents a sophisticated and
innovative interpretation of the intricate interplay between the British Empire and
the Sikh Empire in regards to the Kashmir region.
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133. Manpower Planning as a Tool for Enhancing the

Performance of Organisation.
Poonam
Research Scholar at Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management &

Gramothan, India
Abstract: This research focuses on effect of manpower planning on employee’s

performance. The purpose of this research is to know the impact of manpower
planning on employee’s performance and to determine the factors which affect the
performance at workplace. This research aims at what all special steps need to be
taken to improve the physical ambience emphasising on adequate workplace,
proper lighting, and noise management. Research also helps to examine the
relationship between employee performance and extrinsic variables as well as
intrinsic variables and correlation between them. What are the key factors that
contribute on employee performance which need to be focused such as technical
supervision, interpersonal relation, salary, working conditions etc. this paper also
gives an articulate answer whether physical components and behavioural
components have any relationship with performance of employees. The paper also
focuses on relationship between impact of manpower planning and attributes like
sex, class, ethnic affiliation etc.
Keywords: Manpower planning, Employee’s performance, Organizational

effectiveness, Ethnic affiliation.
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134. Unlocking Fluency: A Journey through

Language Exchanges In Enhancing English
Proficiency.
Ms. Preksha
Research Scholar, Department of Education, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
Abstract: Embark on an intriguing exploration of the transformative power of
language exchanges in enhancing English fluency. In this captivating study, we
delve into the realm of cross-cultural interactions, blending the art of qualitative
storytelling with the precision of quantitative analysis to unravel the true potential
of language exchanges. Through a carefully curated dual method approach, we set
out to measure the impact of language exchanges on non-native English speakers'
language proficiency levels. Our journey begins with pre- and post-tests, capturing
the essence of participants' language abilities before and after their captivating
voyage through the language exchange program. A control group, treading the
traditional path of language learning, walks alongside our adventurers, presenting a
unique opportunity for comparison. But that's not all! As our expedition
progresses, we venture into the realm of intimate narratives and heartfelt
testimonials. Through focus group interviews and thought-provoking
questionnaires, we invite participants to share their emotions, experiences and
reflections on this extraordinary linguistic journey. We bask in the warmth of their
anecdotes, seeking to uncover the essence of their language learning experiences.
The early rays of our findings reveal promising glimmers of progress among the
adventurers in the language exchange program. The traditional learners, while
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progressing, seem to dance with hesitant steps in comparison. Our qualitative

odyssey paints a vivid portrait of a supportive, interactive and empowering
environment cultivated by the language exchanges, where language learner’s
blossom with newfound confidence and an unquenchable thirst for mastering
English. As the story unfolds, we weave together the threads of qualitative insights
and quantitative evidence, presenting a tale of transformation. Together, we
celebrate the power of language exchanges in unlocking the doors to English
fluency, paving the way for a brighter, more interconnected world of
communication and understanding.
Keywords: Language Exchanges, English Fluency, Dual Method Approach,

Cross-Cultural Interactions.
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135. Promotion of Social Movements Empowers

Women into a Social Change in the Modern Society.
Fr. Baiju Thomas
Research Scholar, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research

Institute, Faculty of Disability Management and Special Education, Vidyalaya
Campus, SRKV Post, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract: Indian women had a tough time in the twentieth century due to the
continued application of harmful traditions worldwide. Every year, far too many
children die directly from honour crimes like sati and child marriage. The dowry
system is associated with a high rate of female infanticide due to social disapproval
of bearing a girl child. Because of the nature of human social existence, tensions
between modernization and cultural preservation are inescapable. All things in
nature are subject to change. However, social norms state that women should have
more safety measures put in place for them.
The participation of women is essential for the success of any social change.
However, initiatives to expand the number of women in public office persisted.
During the reign of terror, the new dictatorship adopted several laws that made it
illegal for women to participate in politics, which led to the dissolution of all
political groups for women. As a natural extension of that logic, women from all
walks of life became the focus of a social movement. Women can contribute
significantly to society and become fully realized individuals if given a chance.
Women’s empowerment can be achieved by collective effort, new social and
economic policy measures, and altered cultural norms.
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Women’s licenses cannot be acquired through men or male influence. Women are
the significant drivers of change because they play a pivotal role in securing their
independence.
Keywords: Promotion, Social Movement, Empowerment, Women, Social Change,

and Modern Society
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136. Quality of Work Life (QWL) and Work Life

Balance (WLB) - A case study among the Private
School Teachers in Twin Cities (Cuttack and
Bhubaneswar) in Odisha.
Subhamanasini Nayak1, Dr. Sanjita Lenka2 and Dr. Shree

Raman Dubey3
1
PhD Research Scholar, Dept. of Business Management, C.V. Raman Global
University, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
2
Associate Professor, Dept. of Business Management, C.V. Raman Global
University, Odisha, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
3
Registrar, YBN University, Ranchi, India
Abstract: The aim of this article is to study the relationship between an individua's
quality of life outside of work and their ability to maintain a healthy Work Life
Balance. Principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis were used
to analyze the data collected from 183 private school teachers both from primary
and secondary schools situated in the Twin cities of Odisha (Cuttack and
Bhubaneswar).
Quality of Work Life and Work Life Balance both are multifaceted. According to
the findings, all facets of Quality of Work Life have impact on Work Life Balance
and that affects individual’s productivity except grievance redressal. Furthermore,
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all three aspects of predicted the skill-deployment dimension. Teachers may use
the findings to improve the Quality of Work Life in order to increase productivity
and skill development. Both the well-being of teachers and the efficiency in
teaching can be increased through the enhancement of Quality of Work Life.
Keywords: Quality of Work Life (QWL), Work Life Balance (WLB), private
School teachers
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137. Attitude of Upper Primary School Teachers

towards Inclusive Education in North Goa.
Ms. Richa Chimulkar
Assistant Professor, Vidya Prabodhini College of Commerce, Education,

Computer & Management, Parvari- Goa, India.
Abstract: The study explored an attitude of Upper Primary school teachers of

North Goa towards Inclusive Education and its various components namely,
infrastructure, curriculum and instruction, teaching strategies, Assessment and
Evaluation and Classroom environment and to find out whether there exists any
significant difference in the attitude of Upper Primary school teachers towards
Inclusive Education with respect to their age, gender, locale. Data was collected
using a personal data sheet and an attitude scale was constructed by the researcher.
A sample consisted of 182 Upper Primary school teachers from North Goa
district. Statistical techniques employed in data analysis were Percentage analysis,
independent t-test, one way ANOVA and Scheff’s test. Results of the study
showed that 54% of Upper Primary school teacher of North Goa possess high
level of attitude towards Inclusive Education and its components, and there exist
significant relationship between the attitude of teacher with respect to age, gender,
and locale in total sample.
Keywords: Attitude, Inclusive Education, Upper Primary School Teachers,

infrastructure, curriculum and instruction, teaching strategies, Assessment and
Evaluation and Classroom environment
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138. A Conceptual Approach for Technology

Entrepreneurship and Innovation on the Basal
Framework of Product Development Methodologies.
Tushar Tiwari
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
Abstract: Technology entrepreneurship is at the center of numerous crucial

discussions, such as those on starting and expanding businesses, regional economic
development, choosing the right partners to bring ideas to market, and training
managers, engineers, and scientists. But these discussions become irrelevant unless
a widely acknowledged definition of technology entrepreneurship is developed.
This article's goals are to define technological entrepreneurship, outline its key
characteristics in relation to economics, entrepreneurship, and management, and
highlight the themes that run across the literature on the subject. The basic
fundamental for any entrepreneurship and startup are originated from the concept
of product design and development. In article express the criteria and strategies of
product development and on the basis of that product develops a new startup or
venture for the market. The author contends that investing in a project and
guideline that brings together and uses specialized people and heterogeneous assets
to develop and capture value for the company constitutes technological
entrepreneurship. The collaborative experimentation and production of new
products, assets, and their attributes—which are intricately linked to advancements
in scientific and technological knowledge and the firm's asset ownership rights—is
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what sets technology entrepreneurship apart from other types of entrepreneurships

(such as social entrepreneurship, small business management, and self-
employment).
These characterizations of entrepreneurship are decided by the framework of

product development and innovation, which contribute to the designer or
organization to do technology startup and entrepreneurship mindset for the
emerging market or developing countries. This article emphasizes the development
of the conceptual framework that denotes the fundamental approach for
entrepreneurship on the basis of the logical strategies of product innovation.
Keywords: Technology Entrepreneurship, Innovation, Framework, Product

Development
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139. A Comparative Investigation on the Numerical

Simulation of Non – Linear Ordinary Differential
Equation with Initial Value Problem by using Fourth
Order Adams-Bashforth corrector, and the fourth-
order Milne’s predictor-corrector method.
Inderjeet1 and Rashmi Bhardwaj2

1
Research Scholar, University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Guru Gobind
Singh Indraprastha University, Dwarka, New Delhi, India.
2
Faculty of University School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Head of
Department of Mathematics, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University,
Dwarka, New Delhi, India.
Abstract: In this paper, we report a comprehensive study on the fourth-
order, the Adams-Bashforth corrector, and the fourth-order Milne’s
predictor-corrector method. These numerical techniques are used to find an
approximate solution to an ordinary differential equation with an initial
condition. These techniques are unquestionably effective and practically
good for solving ordinary differential equations with initial conditions, and
they are all utilised to evaluate the degree of accuracy of each technique. We
create a comparison table of an approximate solution and an exact solution
to obtain and determine the level of accuracy of numerical findings. We
observe that there is a good agreement between exact and approximation
solutions.
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Additionally, we contrasted the computational effort of these proposed

techniques. We now identify the errors in the suggested methods and
graphically illustrate them to demonstrate their superiority over one
another. The fourth-order Milne’s Predictor–Corrector method is more
effective in comparison to the fourth-order Adams–Bashforth Corrector
methods in terms of results and also produces fewer errors.
Keywords: Initial value problem, Adams – Bashforth Corrector, Milne’s

Predictor Corrector, error analysis.
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140. Research Title: Exploring the Acceptability of

Online Learning among Aspiring Educators
Pursuing Advanced Degrees: Implications for
University Policy and Quality Assurance.
Dr. Alfred Lopez
Ed.D, Phillippines
Abstract: In the rapidly evolving landscape of education, online learning has

emerged as a prominent platform, offering unparalleled flexibility and accessibility
for educators aspiring to pursue master's and doctoral degrees. However, despite
its widespread adoption, a considerable number of teachers remain skeptical about
the efficacy and credibility of online learning as a viable mode of advanced
education. As a Doctor of Philosophy major in Education Management, this
doctoral research aims to investigate the acceptability of online learning among
teachers with a desire to undertake advanced degrees while addressing its
implications for university policy and administration. The study will also
encompass an examination of quality measurement in online learning and the
utilization of diverse statistical analytics to enhance research outcomes.
To achieve the research objectives, a mixed-methods approach will be employed,

incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. The research will
engage a diverse cohort of educators expressing interest in advanced degrees to
assess their attitudes, concerns, and preferences towards online learning. Statistical
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analytics, such as regression analysis, correlation, and factor analysis, will be utilized
to evaluate the relationship between various quality indicators and the acceptability
of online learning among teachers By exploring the underlying reasons for
skepticism, including pedagogical apprehensions, technological challenges, and
social interaction limitations, the study will provide a comprehensive understanding
of educators' perceptions.
Simultaneously, the research will analyze the existing policies and administrative
guidelines implemented by universities to support online graduate courses.
Through document analysis and interviews with key stakeholders in the
administration, the study will uncover the extent to which institutions consider
teachers' perspectives in shaping online learning policies. This will enable the
identification of potential areas for improvement and the formulation of evidence-
based recommendations to enhance the overall acceptability of online learning
among aspiring educators.
Integral to the research is the exploration of quality measurement in online

learning. Recognizing the significance of maintaining rigorous academic standards
in virtual settings, the study will investigate the strategies utilized by universities to
assess and ensure the quality and integrity of online graduate courses. This includes
an in-depth examination of course design principles, faculty development
initiatives, student support services, and assessment methodologies..
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141. Is Decolonizing Women means Indigenizing the

Earth?” A Study of Dynamics of Power and
Subaltern Defiance Within Postcolonial Feminism in
Mahashweta Devi’s Draupadi.
Dr Priyanka K.
Assistant Professor, Dept. of English (UILAH), Chandigarh University, Punjab,
India
Abstract: Literature with subaltern underpinnings has close interrelations with
postcolonial thoughts which helped to fathom how the process of dynamics of
power and capitalist patriarchy has not just allowed illusion or discombobulation to
grow in a way that the earth, along with nature and women are labelled without
creative power and are defined into a passive inert ‘other’ but also being ostracized
in mainstream political imagination. Either women’s bodies often become a site of
oppression or are often used to assert the State’s power and politics.
Unfortunately, social perils like caste, gender discrimination, poverty and denial of
humanitarian values are largely enforced, particularly on subjugated tribal and
Adivasi women and their land. It also incorporates, in this manner, the problem of
representation
Against this backdrop, the concerned short story “Draupadi” by Mahashweta

Devi, is one such text that incorporates the ‘problem of representation’ that has
disempowered Indigenous women over centuries. Moreover, the present study also
considers the structural and political intersectionality that highlights the differences
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in the experiences of tribal or Adivasi women with domestic violence and rape.
Interestingly, Mahashweta Devi characterised her woman Dopdi Mehjen
subverting the physicality of her body from powerlessness into powerful resistance
with an aim to recognise a woman’s body as an asset through which a woman can
resist the socio-political objectification of her body and overcome oppression.
Hence, the issue frames Indigenous women’s identities within the context of
resisting power cum patriarchal domination and advocating political stances of
sovereignty and self-determination. In other words, the study examines how the
idea of gender equality and feminist philosophy can be transformed by genuinely
linking theory and praxis through careful readings and actual engagement with
Indigenous research methodologies.
Keywords: Decolonization, Equality, Indigenizing, Objectification, Resistance,

Woman
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142. Role of Green Banking Initiatives in Sustainable

Development.
Aradhna
Research scholar, Department of Management Invertis University, Bareilly, Uttar

Pradesh, India
Abstract:
Purpose: - The most challenging effects of climate change are being felt by
society. These days, more people are aware of global warming and its negative
effects on human life. Change is therefore necessary for survival, and ongoing
efforts should be undertaken to manage the environment in a sustainable way. In
addition to the government and the direct polluters, other stakeholders including
financial organizations like banks, that are essential to the improvement of society,
are additionally worried about it. Although banking activities have no immediate
impact on the environment, their customers' actions are having a significant impact
from the outside. Therefore, banks must include environmentally friendly
procedures into their everyday operations, physical structures, financial
investments, and financing plans.
Methodology: - This study uses secondary data and is descriptive in nature.

RTGS, NEFT, mobile banking, and other internet banking services, as well as the
RBI website, were utilized to collect the data. Mean S. D. time series analysis was
performed to determine the results. Most suitable fashion model
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Finding: -. In the year 2020, typical period Mean, SD, and CAGR values of the
variables are unchanged. However, the year 2021 is a Coronavirus period and
lockdown; we observed that there are more enormous changes in the worth of
mean and SD and straightforward development rate, and CAGR is likewise high.
Significance: -The paper featured sight and sound and green banking sealed spine
in Covid 19 and is utilized expanded after this pandemic.
Keyword: - Green banking, Digital initiative; Cash less, Covid 19, Technology
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143. Efficacy of Regional Rural Banks in providing

Financial Assistance to Rural Sectors contributing
for Rural Development.
Dr. Shashikala V
Professor and Vice Principal, RJS Institute of Management Studies Bengaluru,
India
Abstract: Rural banks for a number of years, been regarded as the step-child of
the banking system in India and have been subject to extensive interference in their
operations, being seen as a conduit for Government subsidies and a means of
political patronage. Regional Rural Banks plays pivotal role in development of
Rural India and more or less reached the rural areas of India through their large
network of branches.
The success of rural credit is largely depending on the financial strength and RRBs
are key financing institution that shouldered the responsibility of meeting credit
needs of different sectors in rural areas. The objective of the study is to analyze the
performance of Regional Rural Banks and to examine their contribution towards
rural development with respect to extending their financial services to different
sectors of the rural population. The study also examined the perception and
satisfaction of the beneficiaries on the role of Banks as facilitators of Rural
Development.
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It is recommended that externally, macroeconomic and monetary policies that

create the enabling environment for the rural banking industry to perform should
be pursued by the state while internally efforts should be made by the Rural Banks
to put in place the right policies that will facilitate better performance. Rural
Development is multi faced multi-level and involve many actors. It is therefore
incumbent on all stake holders like the Government, development-oriented
agencies, the Rural Banks and the rural communities to come on board to ensure
that the country achieves the dream of transforming the rural economies.
Keywords: Rural Banks, Financial Inclusion, Rural Development
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144. Role of Artificial Intelligence in Accounting.
Mr. Harshil Sharma
Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Ramanand Institute of Pharmacy

and Management, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
Abstract: The accounting sector has been profoundly affected by the technological
advancements of recent years. It should come as no surprise that Artificial
Intelligence (AI) is a forward-thinking field of study. This article examines the
cutting edge of big data, machine learning, artificial intelligence, and blockchain
technology as it is being used in the real world of business and by specialised
accountants. The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on the accounting industry
will be analysed here. . The finance department benefits from AI since it offers
access to a variety of information that aids them in their daily tasks and also gives
them more time to perform other vital research. This makes it easier to do routine
accounting chores including examining journals, analysing contracts, and
establishing the veracity of financial statements. There's a system for making sense
of financial records, finding accounting errors, and picking out risk-related data.
With the "Association of Charted Certified Accountants," we see how machine
learning techniques have become a potential risk to the status report on the
deskilling of accountant activities.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Accounting Profession, Machine Learning &

Big-Data, Challenges.
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145. Corporate Houses and Corporate Social

Responsibility Practices.
B Sree.Ramakrishna Reddy1, R.Vajresh Kumar1 and

Ramachandra V2
1
Assistant Professor, RJS Institute of Management Studies Koramangala,
Bengaluru, India
2
Physical Education Director, RJS Institute of Management Studies Koramangala,
Bengaluru, India
Abstract: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a unique Responsibility
entrusted by the Government to the Business Enterprises for making this World a
better place to live on. The Corporate entities shall do their share of good by
involving in Ethical Corporate Governance. They shall be able step up various
community services / drives or camps for empowering the Society. CSR in India is
in a very nascent stage. It is still one of the least understood initiatives in the
Development Sector. It is followed by a handful Public Companies as necessitated
by their existence & more Private Companies with international shareholding. CSR
is not a new concept in Business Houses like the Tata Group, Aditya Birla Group
etc. have been involved in serving the community to a greater extent. Through
donations & charity events, many other Organizations have been coming forward
for doing their best for the Society in general and the Public in particular
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146. Sustainability and Resilience for social inclusive

growth.
Ambika Hanchate
Executive Director /CEO, Hi - Vibe Edu- India pvt Ltd. Karnataka, India
Abstract: As we all know, social science is the study of human behavior and
society to gain the proper knowledge in various levels of society, because it impacts
every step of life whether the educational system, caste, religion, celebrations,
planning, economic, social as well political tiers, etc. And on the other side people's
reactions, thoughts, and disciplines had deeply melted under the roots of their daily
routine life which are culture, beliefs, customs, etc. We can call it a scholarly group
examining human behavior. Because everything will be carried under a social
system factor, which is states about sustainability - life quality, and resilience -
enabled change-making by changing factors. Overall sustainability will go on
indefinitely without declining the quality of important functions and resilience,
always looking at human life development for the well-being of quality life in the
society by mode of changing aspect. So, both are interconnectivity for well-being
in social life for inclusive growth as well as a cause for world-inclusive factors for
global well-being!
Keywords: Social science, Sustainability, resilience, inclusive growth, social cause,

and effect.
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147. Cardaic Bioengineering: - An Overview.
Ranjeeta Singh (Ritu)
FMERU and FMERC, International Research Scholar, Eudoxia Research

University: USA & Eudoxia Research Center India
Abstract: The Cardiovascular System is an extremely Complex Organ System

Made up of Heart Blood Vessels, representing Many Connected Constantly
Moving Tissue Components that give rise to a Multitude of Cellular Level
dysfunction & disease. More People die of cardiovascular disease than any other
Disease. Cardiovascular disease represents a broad range of interrelated disorders
including hypertension; heart attack & Failure; stroke & cardiomyopathies. The
Bioengineering of the heart Collection including three modelling Papers which
offer new insight into right remodelling subsequent to pulmonary arterial
hypertension. The Use of Artificial Intelligence for more effective Mapping of
Myocardium electrical Activity & Merge of Clinical Data For More Realistic Flow.
Keywords: Cardiovascular Disease; Hypertension; Stroke;
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148. A Study on the Services of Asha Workers in

Rural and Urban Areas of Bengaluru.
Shilpa R1 and Harold Andrew Patrick2

1
Research Scholar, Jain (Deemed-to-be-University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
2
Professor & Dean-Academics, CMS Business School, Jain (Deemed-to-be-
University), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Abstract: The Indian government launched the National Rural Health
Mission (NRHM) to deliver primary healthcare to the community's most
vulnerable and underprivileged members to enhance the usability,
accessibility, and acceptability of current facilities for healthcare, especially in
remote places. The main driving factor behind activity at the grassroots level
was a new cadre of community-level health professionals who were female
health volunteers, health service promoters, or ASHA workers. The study's
main aim is to research the sociodemographic profile of ASHA workers and
assess the service of rural and urban ASHAs. The research design used in
this work is descriptive. 274 individuals from rural and urban Bengaluru
provided the primary data. The original data was gathered through non-
probabilistic judgmental sampling using questionnaires, while secondary data
came from the National Rural Health Mission, Government of India's
annual reports. Data is analyzed, and the statistical analyses were performed
using ANOVAs and t-test (Welch test) in SPSS 27. The study also examines
the effect of place of residence on Social relations, role efficacy, role clarity,
role stress, and role satisfaction, and it finds a significant impact.
Keywords: ASHAs, Government, Rural and Urban Area, Services, Role,
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149. Substation Health Monitoring (SHM) Using

Internet of Things.
Dr. Kazi Kutubuddin Sayyad Liyakat

Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Brahmdevdada
Mane Institute of Technology, Solapur(MS), India
Abstract. Any substation's converts high voltage(HV) line power from the
transmission to lower voltage(LV) line energy, which can then be conveniently
provided to individuals and companies in the region via lower voltage(LV) lines.
The goal of this work is to collect remote electrical data such as voltage, current,
temprature, Humidity and frequency and deliver these real-time values alongside
the power plant via IoT. We additionally take the oil level within the transformer as
a parameter. The Arduino platform is used in the suggested work's prototype. The
collected data will be shared with ThingSpeak platform & displayed using graphs
for every variable using distinct bar graphs. It improves the system's efficiency.
This results in precise and dependable operations. Substation Health Monitoring
system using IoT is discussed in this paper looks at how to detect substation state
by keeping an eye on its internal data, such as its heating (Temprature) rate,
Current level, voltage level, and Relay status.
Keywords: IoT; Substation; Health; Sensors; Aurdino; SHM;
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150. Spatiotemporal Feature Extraction with I3D for

Moment Retrieval and Highlight Detection in Sports
Videos.
Pratibha Singh and Alok Kumar Singh Kushwaha

Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, India
Abstract - Sports videos contain a wealth of information that can be leveraged for
analysis and summarization, but their large size and complex content make these
tasks challenging. In this paper, the proposed approach is for moment retrieval and
highlight detection in sports videos, with a focus on spatiotemporal feature
extraction using the Inflated 3D ConvNet (I3D) model. This approach show that
by using I3D, it can effectively capture the spatial and temporal dynamics of sports
events and extract high-level features that can be used for moment retrieval and
highlight detection. It also explores the use of other modalities such as audio and
text to enhance the performance of proposed model. Evaluation of approach on
several benchmark datasets, including the Sports-1M and ActivityNet datasets, and
show that proposed method outperforms previous state-of-the-art approaches in
terms of both moment retrieval and highlight detection. The results demonstrate
the effectiveness of spatiotemporal feature extraction with I3D for sports video
analysis and suggest that this approach can be applied to other video datasets as
well.
Keywords: sports videos, moment retrieval, highlight detection, spatiotemporal

feature extraction, I3D, video analysis.
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151. The Politics of Land and Tribal Rights in the

Stone Quarry Region: A reflection of the state-private
sector-tribal community dynamics of Birbhum stone
quarry belt of west Bengal, India.
Suniti Hembrom
Ph.D Research Scholar, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences Calcutta, (CSSSC),
India
Abstract: The issue of land acquisition in India is complex and contentious,
especially when it comes to tribal communities. In the stone mining region of
Birbhum, West Bengal, the impact of land acquisition on tribal rights and the
environment has been significant. This paper examines the land question in the
context of the stone quarry region in Birbhum, shedding light on the appropriation
of tribal lands for development projects. It explores the roles of the state, private
sector, and tribal communities in shaping the land question. The state's role in
Birbhum's land question is contradictory. While it has implemented legislations to
secure tribal land, it has also been involved in acquiring tribal land for mining
projects, leading to weakened land rights and displacement. The private sector has
also played a significant role, acquiring tribal land for mining projects and engaging
in illegal mining, further displacing communities and causing environmental
degradation. Tribal communities have been marginalized throughout the process,
being displaced without adequate compensation and excluded from decision-
making regarding mining projects. This has denied them their rights and
livelihoods. The paper calls for a more just and equitable approach to the land
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question in Birbhum, urging the state to proactively protect tribal land rights, hold
the private sector accountable for its actions, and involve tribal communities in
decision-making about mining projects. Such measures are essential to ensure fair
treatment and sustainable development in the region. The study employed a
mixed-method approach, combining fieldwork, secondary data analysis, and
ethnography to comprehensively investigate the politics of land and tribal rights in
the Stone Quarry Region of Birbhum, West Bengal, India.
The study area for this research is the stone quarry belt located in Birbhum district,
West Bengal, India. This region is part of the Raajmahal Hills, which is an
extended part of the Deccan Traps of India. The study focuses on the proximity to
the local communities living in the vicinity of the stone quarries. The study seeks to
explore the complex interactions between the quarrying industry, governmental
authorities, and the communities in order to illuminate the intricate dynamics
surrounding land and tribal rights, environmental degradation, and livelihood
issues in the region.
Keywords: Stone quarry, land acquisition, state-private sector-tribal community

dynamics, tribal Rights
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152. Study on the Post-Covid Scope for Supply Chain

Management in India.
Swati Rani1 and Venkataswamy. N2

1
Assistant Professor, RJS Institute of Management Studies, Bangaluru, India
2
M. LISc, M.Phil, Chief Librarian, RJS Institute of Management Studies, Bangaluru,
India
Abstract: In India, Supply Chain Management (SCM) has gained importance due
to the opening up of the economy and the pandemic effect on globalization.
However, a review of the literature reveals that in order to understand the
importance of SCM we need to see the Indian Business Market conditions. Hence,
the purpose of this research is to understand the overview of the contributions of
companies and markets in addressing various supply chain issues in Indian
perspective. The paper is focusing on the SCM scenario in India which is based on
mainly the secondary data collected from multiple sources by following the
established methodologies. Based on this, significant trends were observed and
some unique inferences were drawn. It is hoped that this work would add value by
offering unique support to the Nation and society in terms of GDP and Customer
satisfaction.
Keywords: Supply chain, Globalization, Customer satisfaction.
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153. Behavioural Finance: A Heuristic Driven Factors

Impact on Indian Stock Market Investment Decisions
of Invetors.
Ms. Swetha M. S1 and Dr. Gokul G2

1
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, East Point College of
Higher Education, Bengaluru, India
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, RJS Institute of
Management Studies, Bengaluru, India
Abstract: The purpose of the study is to know the impact of heuristic driven
factors on the individual investors’ investment decision towards the Indian stock
market. The study is based on qualitative parameters. Heuristic driven factors are
Representativeness, Herd Behaviour, over confidence, Anchoring and availability
heuristics. The methodology was applied as secondary data collected from various
journals related to heuristic factors. The article progressed in two ways by adding a
review of literature related to heuristic factors and further heuristic factors
explained individually with theoretical support and evidence. Heuristic behavioural
factors often influence investors’ investment decision-making directly and
indirectly in the capital market because heuristic behavioural factors are not
rational investment decisions.
Keywords: Capital market investment decision, Indian stock market, heuristic

behavioural factors, Representativeness, Herd Behaviour
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154. Teaching English as a Second Language in the

Philippine Context.
Dr. Maria Morena E. De La Peña,
Phd, Biliran Province State University, Naval, Biliran, Phillippines
Abstract: This study generally aimed to assess which method is employed in

teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) in the Philippine context. Employing
the mixed-method research design, this study utilized the 19 English teachers and
996 Grade 7-10 students in the Science Technology and Engineering (STE)
Curriculum Implementing Secondary Schools from SDO-Biliran, during the 1st
quarter of the school year 2021-2022.v The study utilized a survey questionnaire as
the main data gathering tool and a semi-structured open-ended questionnaire for
the focus group discussion. The findings reveal that the teachers are using and
have high regard to Communicative Language Teaching (CLT), and a unique way
of employing Direct Method using deductive approach instead of the inductive
approach. However, some teachers are still using Grammar Translation Method in
their class to ensure comprehension. Nevertheless, Filipino ESL students, who are
highly exposed to Communicative Language Teaching yield high academic
performance. This is a good indication despite the big class size of 35 to 40
students in the Special Science Classes. Students prefer to be taught using the CLT
and Direct method respectively. With CLT, students feel more confident in
practicing the target language in context and teachers are able to handle huge class
sizes in the public schools. Among the variables of the study, teaching methods
particularly the CLT affects the students’ academic performance. With teachers
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employing the CLT and students preferring the method, the MPS of SSC students
are higher than the average of 75 percent, although it is expected from the SSC
classes.
After a thorough analysis of the data gathered, it was concluded that the
Communicative Language Teaching and Direct Method strengthen the use of the
target language; therefore, improving fluency, accuracy, and competence of ESL
students.
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155. The Different Ways of Translation.
Tristen George Avery
Student, Satit Naresuan University Secondary Demonstration School, Thailand
Abstract: This research seeks to understand the many different ways of

translation, providing insights into five primary approaches: literal, free, machine,
cultural, and transcreation. The literal translation adheres closely to the source
language, aiming for utmost accuracy but often resulting in stilted expressions.
Conversely, free translation prioritizes conveying the intended meaning in the
target language, potentially leading to subtle shifts in nuance. With the advent of
artificial intelligence, machine translation has gained prominence allowing rapid
translation but facing challenges with context and idiomatic expressions. The
cultural translation goes beyond language conversion, adapting cultural references
to suit the target audience's context. At the same time, transcreation transcends
traditional translation by recreating content to evoke the same emotional response
in the target audience. Each method caters to specific needs and scenarios, and
their understanding is essential for skilled translators to bridge linguistic and
cultural gaps effectively, fostering mutual understanding and communication in an
interconnected global society.
Keywords: Translation, literal, free, machine, cultural, transcreation
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156. The results of using a website for learning the

subject of Botany by 11th grade students.
Hiranphruek Saoman1, Phatcharaphol Suwanwong2,

Phetlada chantaraniyom3, Kanokphat Pothi4 and Apichat
Yadav5
1
Suankularb Wittayalai Nonthaburi School, Thailand
2
Nawaminthrachinuthit Horwang Nonthaburi School, Thailand
3
Pakkret School, Thailand
4
Suankularb Wittayalai Nonthaburi School, Thailand
5
Benjamarachanuson School, Thailand
Abstract: According to the current era, the internet has a great influence on this
world-wide circumstance. There are lots of Thai students who use the internet
more than in the old period, including some researches informing the same as well.
And some of them suggested that internet media should be used as an instructional
media as a benefit for all students who used the internet. The creators saw this type
of internet use as important and made this project on creating a website for
education, collecting results to examine the effectiveness of internet studies and
investigating the requirements of 11th grade students who study the subject of
Botany.
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The website consisted of the details of plant structure and illustrations. This
project used a qualitative study design. The synthesis involved collecting data with
the questionnaires of satisfaction about the results of using a website for learning
the subject of Botany and analyzing them with statistical data including an analysis
of average data, percentage or standard deviation. The study revealed that website
learning materials can satisfy students and make them understand the content of
learning Botany more.
Keywords: Internet, Website, Botany
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157. Predicting the vibration parameter of the frame –

pile structure by ANN.
Xuan Bang Nguyen

Le Quy Don Technical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
Abstract: For frame-pile structure, the vibration parameter depends on many

parameters (size, design, material, link with pile, crack,), of which many parameters
can be changed in use. The paper presents a method for predicting the vibration
parameter of the frame - pile structure when the stiffness of the link with the pile is
changed. The computational model of the problem is a frame-pile structural
system in the form of a two-dimensional frame, linear elastic deformation, pile -
soil link is replaced by the Winkler model. The problem is solved by artificial
neural networks (Levenberg - Marquardt algorithm) with the finite element
method. Based on the algorithms, the author has built the program to solve this
problem in MATLAB language, it has been tested for reliability. The numerical
calculation shows, the application of ANN in predicting the vibration parameter of
the frame-pile structure is reliable and feasible. The program can accurately predict
the vibration parameter (vibration frequency) of the frame-pile structural system
based on the ANN model, and the existing input and output data sets, without
having to use any more specialized programs. This is very meaningful in solving
problems of identification and diagnosis of building structures, especially with
complex structures, large-scale problems, and parameters affected by many factors
that change in the process of use.
Keywords: frequencies; predicting; ANN; frame-pile; Levenberg – Marquardt

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158. Transhumanism: A study in Mary Shelley's

Frankenstein.
Pankaj Goswami
Designation: Ex- Student, Institution: Sidho- Kanho- Birsa University

Abstract: At the very core of Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, the Creature meets his
maker with the narrative of his miserable life, and entreats him to make a female
companion with whom he can share his life. Although Victor admits to having
been moved by the Creature’s eloquence and fine sensations, he reluctantly
succumbs to his plea only to destroy the female before completing her, afraid that
this new species might pose a threat to the survival of his own. In the encounter of
these two species, however, only one seems to have truly “met” the other: the
Creature has indeed become with his maker in a way that Victor fails. Given that
the dominant narrative point of view up until that moment had been Victor’s,
readers of the novel have the opportunity of having their ignorance enriched
regarding the Creature straight from the Other’s mouth, this multiple narrative
thus enabling them to take Victor’s creation as far more than the monster he sees.
Indeed, I would argue that readers do “meet” the Creature while his creator
cannot. Taking this central part of the novel as a starting point, this essay will
explore the transhuman discourses in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein. In expressing his
desire to create an improved species, Victor echoes the transhuman discourses of
improvement of the human race.
Keywords: Transhumanism , Posthuman, Science fiction, Gothic, Mary Shelley

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159. Travel literature and Ecological Consciousness.
Alka Dhariwal
Research Scholar, Department of English, Desh Bhagat University Mandi

Gobindgarh, Punjab, India
Abstract: Travel writing is a non-fiction prose genre that draws on the author's
own experiences while travelling. Human life has always been fascinated by travel.
Since ancient times, people have toured the globe for a variety of reasons,
including Columbus, Vasco da Gama, Alberuni, Ibn Battuta, and others. The
writings of poets and other authors throughout history in almost every civilisation
on earth show how closely nature and literature are related.The tight relationship
between the environmental and social worlds is currently being examined and
highlighted by development departments. The goal of the literary critic is to
investigate how the authors have interacted with society and nature in their works.
Travel writing's foundations date back to centuries before colonisation as well. The
present research paper will examine ecological consciousness in the travel narrative
of Ruskin Bond. He empathizes with forest and landscape. Therefore highlights
not only the human civilization but also the marginalized class forest. He has
understanding of the self through such narrations. Within his narratives we can
find great degree of self- awareness and ecological awareness.
Keywords Travel Naratives, Ecological Consciousness, self-awareness in Indian

travelogues
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160. Time, Trauma, and Transformation: A

Holocaust Journey of Edith Eger in The Choice by
Edith Eva Eger.
Bibin Jossy. J
Research Scholar, Department of English & Centre for Research, Manonmaniam

Sundaranar University, Abhishegappatti, Tirunelveli, India
Abstract: Time is a memory function. Memory enables people to preserve
happiness, pain, concern, despair, and associations from their lives. Edith Eger, a
Holocaust survivor, threads her life effectively through the Holocaust. After being
separated from her parents, siblings, and relationships at Auschwitz, she was scared
and yearned for death. It is disastrous for Eger, but she has turned all of her
traumatic experiences into a tool to enable her to survive, away from time.
This transformation opens the way for it to be offered to others as a viable option
for a brighter future, particularly those who have suffered from post-traumatic
stress disorder, as she has. Hence, through Eger’s eyes, the article aims to teach
readers how to escape the prisons of their own ideas, trauma, and what time has to
give, as well as to make them aware of the path to their liberation.
The research article brings readers through the traumatic experiences of Eva, in the
aftermath of WWI, which acts as the central theme of this analysis and prevents
Eger's positive approach towards time and trauma. It concludes with a changing
remark that time does not cure the wounds left by trauma; rather than waiting for
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the right time, one should modify oneself to go on better since everyone can live to
improve the present with compassion.
Keywords: time, trauma, transformation, holocaust and journey of choice,
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161. Unveiling the Layers of Marital Rape: Socio-

Legal Dynamics and Psychological Impacts on
Survivors.
Sangeeta Verma
Designation: Assistant Professor (Research Scholar) Name Of The University:

Ajeenkya D Y Patil University (School Of Law), India
Abstract: Violence against women is a global phenomenon and a deep-rooted
issue. The prevalence of the same is not restricted to a particular nation, but it is all
across the globe. Gender Justice is still a distant dream. Of the various forms of
violence practiced against women, marital rape is one sexual abuse which is an
atrocious one. 36 countries including India has still not criminalized this heinous
act. Arguments put forth for not criminalizing marital rape is that it falls within the
realm of private, consensual relations between spouses and, therefore, should not
be subject to criminalization. This shows that regardless of the incidence of marital
rape, criminal justice system has not paid much attention. There are various socio-
political factors which affect this dreadful act. So, the author in this paper will try
studying the various factors like attitudes of people, religion, traditional notions,
culture, beliefs, patriarchal system, gender roles etc which influence the spousal
rape. The author will also study the various types of rapes and the consequences it
has on the victim survivors. By delving into socio-political, legal and psychological
aspects of marital rape, the author will try shedding light on the complex layer of
this issue.
Keywords: Violence, marital rape, socio-political, patriarchal system.

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162. UTAUT model: Incorporating social media for

educational purposes among India's college
students.
Mr. Manish Kumar1, Ms. Nidhi Singh2 and Prof. (Dr.)

Sandeep Kumar3
1
Research Scholar, School of Commerce & Management, IIMT University, Meerut,
UP, India
2
Assistant Professor, Modern College of Professional Studies, Ghaziabad, UP,
India
3
Professor, School of Commerce & Management, IIMT University, Meerut, UP,
India
Abstract: This study employed the unified theory of acceptance and use of
technology (UTAUT) to examine the integration and exploitation of social media
for educational purposes among Indian university students. The test results
indicated that social and peer influence is significant factors that influence social
media recognition for educational purposes. Therefore, a guardian or institution's
administration may only allow students access to social media if they misuse it
instead of acquiring knowledge. In addition, the results demonstrated that each of
the five independent variables directly affects the employed educational objective.
Similarly, the findings demonstrated that Social Media environments have a
predicted effect on educational use. This is one reason not all Social media can be
utilized effectively for learning. In addition, the student experience could be
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affected if social media was regarded exclusively for social activities, such as
watching movies, playing video games, and communicating with family members
and friends. The present study extends the original UTAUT by evaluating the
impact of two additional variables (peer pressure and social media conditions).
Ultimately, the study devised a general questionnaire to assess factors that employ
social media for educational objectives.
Keyword: Acceptance model, UTAUT, Regression analysis, social media,

Academic integration.
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163. Analysis and Fabrication of Leaf Spring for

Electric Three-Wheeler Automobiles.
Prof. Vasim A. Shaikh1 Dr. Chandrmani Yadav2

1
Assistant Professor Automation & Robotics Sandip Institute of Technology and
Research Centre, Mahiravani, Trimbak Road, Nashik, Maharashtra India
2
Assistant Professor Mechanical Engineering Sandip Institute of Technology and
Research Centre, Mahiravani, Trimbak Road, Nashik, Maharashtra India
Abstract: The leaf springs are commonly used in the automobile for suspension.
In this study, investigated the material used for manufacturing the leaf spring.
Chemical Testing, hardness testing and compression testing have been performed.
From the above test, it has been concluded that material used by mostly companies
were not spring steel that it was mentioned by manufacturer. The chromium
percentage was not enough to fit it in a stainless steel grade and also the
manganese percentage is also high because of which the hardness was high due to
which the elasticity was very low. A material EN42 J as a leaf spring in electric
three-wheeler automobiles. The total deformation, equivalent stress and equivalent
elastic strain analysis have performed by using ANSYS software. From the results,
as increases the thickness of leaf from 5 mm to 6.5 mm, the total deformation
decreases by 23.66%. However the equivalent stress and equivalent elastic strain
increase by 24.03% and 11.38% respectively, by increase of leaf thickness from 6
mm to 6.5 mm. On the basis of optimum results, a semi-elliptical leaf spring has
been fabricated for suspension in electric three-wheeler automobiles.
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Keywords: Finite Element Method, Total Deformation, Equivalent Stress, Leaf

Spring.
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164. KARNALI Approach: Role of Water and

Sanitation Governance.
Narbir Aidee
Ph.D. Scholar from RKDF University, India
Abstract: The abstract presents recommendations that aim to foster development,
equality, and inclusivity in the water and sanitation sectors, building upon existing
policies and laws. Implementing these recommendations will contribute to
equitable access, social justice, and sustainable development in the sector. Key
recommendations include integrating various dimensions into water and sanitation
development, enforcing the Constitution of Nepal 2015 for equal rights and social
justice, adopting inclusive and participatory approaches outlined in the Local
Governance Operation Act 2017, incorporating the Gender Equality and Social
Inclusion Operational Guidelines 2017 into WASH programs, aligning the Nepal
WASH Sector Development Plan with the SDGs, and effectively implementing the
Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Act 2079 and the WASH Act of municipalities to
ensure citizens' rights and prioritize equity and inclusivity. The KARNALI
approach recommends, emphasizing stakeholder involvement, community
empowerment, and sustainability for effective water and sanitation governance,
including needs assessment, resource utilization, knowledge sharing, barrier
removal, and innovation.
Keywords: Development; Equality; Inclusivity; Water and sanitation; Sustainable

development
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165. A Review of the Nigerian National Gas Policy

(2017) and Strategies for the Development of a Gas-
based Industrial Economy.
Dr. Omojola, Immaculata Olu1 and Mokuye Chukwuwinke

Smart2
1
IIP-PDF, Eudoxia Research University, New Castle, USA.
2
Department of Public Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife,
Nigeria.
Abstract: The Mission of the National Gas Policy (2017), which is to move
Nigeria from a crude oil export-based to an attractive oil and gas-based industrial
economy, presupposes the need for certain core strategies to be designed towards
achieving the scheme. The aim of this article is to examine the core principles:
means to driving the gas-based industrialisation scheme. The objectives of the
study are to: identify the core principles that would drive the gas-based
industrialisation scheme; assess the veracity of these principles in the light of
present realities in government circles, and examine the impacts that the policy
being examined would have on the development of the gas sector in Nigeria. Both
primary and secondary sources of data collection were utilised. Questionnaires
were administered, in-depth interviews conducted and personal observations also
used. For secondary sources, books, published journal articles, the internet, among
others were used. The study findings revealed that, the core principles towards the
realisation of the gas-based industrialisation scheme are laudable and well thought-
297 | P a g e
out, but government’s activities and involvements in the gas sector have hitherto
hampered effective realisation of the scheme. The article thus concluded that, the
intention to make Nigeria a gas-based industrial economy would not be realised if
the excesses of government, especially its dual status in the gas value-chain, are not
checked.
Keywords: Natural Gas, NGP (2017), Gas-Based Industrial Economy, Oil-based

Economy, Gas Value-chain, Government’s Dual status.
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166. Title: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in

Morocco: A Comprehensive Review and Future
Prospects.
Ait Alla Aniss
Professor and Researcher, University Hassan First of SETTAT, Faculty of

economic and management, LRMD, Morocco
Abstract: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has emerged as a vital business

concept worldwide, promoting sustainable and responsible practices among
corporations. This abstract provides a comprehensive review of the status,
challenges, and potential prospects of CSR implementation in Morocco. Drawing
on extensive literature research, this study reveals that CSR in Morocco has
witnessed notable advancements over the past decade. Local companies, as well as
international firms operating in the country, have recognized the importance of
integrating social and environmental considerations into their business strategies.
Key areas of focus within Moroccan CSR initiatives include environmental
conservation, community development, ethical labor practices, and the promotion
of diversity and inclusivity. The Moroccan government has also taken progressive
steps to foster CSR adoption. Policymakers have introduced incentives,
regulations, and reporting requirements to encourage corporations to align their
practices with CSR principles. Additionally, partnerships between the public and
private sectors have been established to facilitate collective efforts towards
sustainable development. Despite these positive developments, several challenges
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persist in the effective implementation of CSR in Morocco. One significant barrier

is the lack of awareness and understanding of CSR principles among some local
businesses. Moreover, the financial constraints faced by small and medium-sized
enterprises (SMEs) often hinder their capacity to invest in CSR initiatives.
Furthermore, there is a need to strengthen CSR reporting and evaluation

mechanisms in Morocco to ensure transparency and accountability. The
establishment of standardized metrics and guidelines for CSR reporting can
enhance comparability and reliability of CSR disclosures, fostering greater trust
among stakeholders.bIn light of these challenges, this abstract proposes potential
strategies to advance CSR in Morocco. Creating awareness and providing training
programs about CSR among businesses, particularly SMEs, can foster widespread
adoption. Furthermore, incentivizing CSR initiatives through tax benefits and
financial support can encourage corporations to invest in socially responsible
projects. Collaborative efforts between businesses, NGOs, and government
agencies can also enhance the impact of CSR activities by pooling resources and
expertise.
In conclusion, the implementation of CSR in Morocco has shown significant

progress in recent years, yet there remain challenges that necessitate collective
action from both public and private stakeholders. By addressing these challenges
and leveraging the country's commitment to sustainable development, Morocco
can pave the way for a more responsible and socially conscious business landscape,
thereby contributing to its broader economic and social development.
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167. The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on

Technology Integration in Education.
Dr. Mamta Pathak
Assistant Professor, IIMT group of colleges, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh,
India
Abstract: The 21st century has witnessed an unprecedented technological

revolution that has permeated every aspect of human life, including education. In
this digital age, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force,
reshaping traditional educational paradigms and redefining the ways students learn
and educators teach. AI, the simulation of human intelligence in machines,
encompasses a wide range of technologies, such as natural language processing,
machine learning, and data analytics. These capabilities have paved the way for
innovative applications in education, ushering in an era of AI-driven technology
integration in classrooms and educational institutions.This research paper explores
the impact of AI on technology integration in education, examining how AI-driven
tools and applications are transforming traditional educational practices.
The paper analyses the benefits and challenges associated with the integration of
AI in education, discussing its potential to enhance learning outcomes, promote
personalized learning experiences, and streamline administrative processes.
Additionally, ethical considerations related to data privacy and AI bias in
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educational settings are discussed. Through an in-depth analysis of existing

literature and case studies, this paper aims to shed light on the evolving role of AI
in education and its implications for educators, students, and educational
institutions.
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168. Latest changes in social security laws in India.
Purnima Bhardwaj1 and Dr. Jyoti Yadav2

1
Research scholar Amity Law School Lucknow campus, UP, India
2
Asst. Prof Amity Law School Lucknow campus, UP, India
Abstract: India has introduced various social security measures, including the
Employees' Provident Fund (EPF) Amendment bill, the Social Security Code Bill,
the Ayushman Bharat scheme, and the Pradhan Mantri Kisan jan-Dhan Yojana to
improve the social security of its citizens. These programs aim to provide financial
flexibility, healthcare, and pension benefits to millions of Indians. The COVID-19
pandemic also resulted in the implementation of social security measures to
support low-income families. However, the full implementation and effectiveness
of these programs remain a challenge, and more efforts must be made to ensure
that all citizens have access to social security benefits. In this paper I will be
discussing the above mentioned changes.
Keywords: Social security, covid, provident fund, Implementation.
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169. Analysis of Labour Daily Migration of the

Surrounding Rural Area in Nanded City,
Maharashtra, India.
Kolhe S.M.1 and Kanwate U.S.2

1
Research Scholar, School of Earth Sciences, SRTMU Nanded, MH, India
2
Assistnat Professor, Vasantrao Naik Mahavidhayala, Nanded, MH, Índia
Abstract: The effects of migration on population trends and structures are well
known, but they are becoming more and more challenging to quantify due to
uncertainties regarding the size of long-term migration flows and the characteristics
of migrants, as well as the fact that countries are now being impacted by both
transit and permanent migration.
The majority of daily migration in Nanded City points toward the percentage of
distance in the area of Nanded Tehsil that is less than one kilometer. From January
to December 2017 of last year, this study was approved. One aspect of migration is
Nanded Tehsil. Migration is part of human life that creates a problem because of
social, economic, political, and physical, poverty. Due to that people were migrants
daily supply occupation to employment or merchant from all selected villages from
the Tehsil area of the Nanded city.
The effects of migration on population trends and structures and well known, but
they become more and more difficult to measure, subsequent uncertainties on the
size of flows and characteristics of migrants in a long-time frame and cities
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becoming affected by both out and in-migration as well as daily/transit migration.

This type of migration is more seen in metro cities of India like Mumbai, Delhi,
etc.
Keywords: Urban planning, women employment, migrant labour, migration,

Nanded City
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170. Essentiality of Bioethics in Biological Field.
Dr. R Prasanna
PhD Biotechnology, Assistant Professor, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Abstract: Currently, Bioethics is anxious with the ethical interrogations that arise
in the relationships among Lifesciences, Biotechnology, medicine, health-care,
politics, Law and Philosophy. With this increase in information of biological
organisms, more and more potential organisms and their multifarious usefulness is
identified. These species recycle waste, create pure portable water, drive global
biogeochemical cycles that create and maintain an aerobic atmosphere, regulate
entire earth’s climate through effects on greenhouse effects gases and local climate
through effects on evapotranspiration, and generate soil fertility. This includes the
study of values relating to primary care, other branches of medicine, ethical
education in science, animal and environmental ethics, and public health. Rather
than focusing on rights and freedoms, perception is desirable to eloquent our
responsibilities towards nature and others, including forthcoming peers. The power
and potential of biotechnology demands caution to ensure ethical progress.
Keywords: Bioethics, Life sciences, Biotechnology, biochemical cycles, greenhouse

gases, evapotranspiration, soil fertility.
306 | P a g e

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RAMAS-2023 28th and 29th July, 2023

Editorial Board Message

We are delighted to inform you that the Second International Conference On

The goal of this International Conference RAMAS 2023 (Second International

The accepted abstract of this International Conference will be published in the

Second International Conference on Recent Advances in

Central Organizing Committee of RAMAS-2023

Prof. Rhituraj Saikia

Prof. Catalino N. Mendoza

VC, Eudoxia Research University, USA

Prof. Dr. Caleb Moyo

Pro-VC, Eudoxia Research University, USA

Prof. Dr. S. K. Baral

Professor, Department of Commerce, Faculty of Commerce & Management, Indira

Gandhi National Tribal University (IGNTU) MP, India

Prof. Dr. Rajesh G Konnur

Pro-VC, Eudoxia Research University, USA

Dr. Pratisha Kumari

Vice President, Eudoxia Research University, New Castle, USA

Dr. Sukhwinder Singh

Registrar, Eudoxia Research University, USA, Eudoxia Research Centre,

Bangalore, Guwahati, India

Dr. Agbara Stephen Godwin

Chief Scientific Officer, Eudoxia Research University, USA

ISBN BOOK PUBLICATION

“Thinkers: Creating New Ideas for Research, Vol 2,

Eudoxia Research University USA

Eudoxia Research Centre, New Delhi, Guwahati,

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZING COMMITTEE MEMBERS

Yatish Prabhudayal Kuril, India

Ahmed Salisu Garba, Nigeria

Dr. Asad Ullah, India

Dr. Bramah Hazela, India

Yuvraj Purusram, Mauritius

Dr. Sujata Singhi, India

Dr. Animesh Kumar Sharma, India

Jagjit Singh, India

Dr. Julius Olubenga Owoyemi, Nigeria

Miss. Jyotashri Shrikrishna Atre, India

Prof. Dr. Shashikant Bharatrao Shisode, India

Smita Jadhav, India

Bireswar Pradhan, India

Dr. Kunwata Mohammed Goni, Nigeria

Dr. Anant Zandekar, India

Dr. Sukedo Dhondu Ingale, India

Hena Vasudevbhai Mehta, India

Sonali Chakraborty Kumbang, India

Dr. Vandana Whig, India

Dr. K. Sankar, India

Dr. Roy Fabrigas Bermudez, Phillipines

Ranjeeta Singh, India

Fr. Baiju Thomas, India

Dr. Vishal Bharat Babar, India

Dr. S. Andal, India

Dr. Chowdappa V A, India

Sandra Mascarenhas, India

Dr. K. Kavita, India

Prashanth Prabhu J, India