Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Lecture 2
Lecture 2
Social Responsibility
SMT 940
Abeer Youssef
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Overview
- Corruption
- Corruption Perceptions Index
- Corruption Perceptions Index - Scores and ranking
- The benefits of a strong ethical reputation
- Values
- Global ethical culture
- Organizational culture
- Unethical behaviour in the workplace
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Corruption
What is corruption?
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Corruption Perceptions Index
- The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index published
annually by Transparency International, since 1995, which
ranks countries “by their perceived levels of public sector
corruption, as determined by expert assessments and opinion
surveys”.
https://www.transparency.org/en/
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Corruption Perceptions Index - Scores and Ranking
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Egypt Score 33/100- Rank 117/180
The least corrupted countries: Denmark, Finland, and New
Zealand
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Discuss
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The benefits of a strong ethical reputation
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Values
- All individuals have values; but not all values are
ethical. We value different things, but many of these do
not have an ethical component –like, say, appreciating
the arts or spending time with family and friends.
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Global ethical culture
- The extent to which a universal ethics, agreed to by all,
exists is; however, problematic.
- We need to consider two aspects to the issue around a
universal ethics:
➢ First: Subjectivism
▪ It is the view that individuals decide what is ethically
wrong or right according to their chosen ethical
principles, such that ethics are a purely personal matter.
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▪ Moral autonomy is important, but should ethics be a
matter of personal preference? From this perspective
there is no objective right or wrong, no standards by
which we can judge the actions of others.
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• Culture is needed for any human organization (family,
village, nation, or international companies).
• Culture is a unique identity and a group of core values
(such as communication, respect, integrity, excellence,
etc.).
• Stating core values does not mean that we are living them.
• Employees should walk the talk (putting your words into
action) because culture is not a slogan.
• Culture is the way we do things in the organization.
• It is difficult to be explained to others and it too difficult to
imitate others culture.
• Culture reflects the lessons that learned from our past
experience (legacy/wisdom).
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Peter Drucker, “Culture eats strategy for
breakfast, eats action plans for lunch and
eats everything else for dinner “
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Unethical behaviour in the workplace
- Unethical behaviour can be easier to identify than ethical
behaviour, as sometimes it is easier to say what is wrong with
something instead of what is right.
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This typology is useful to identify unethical behaviour in almost
all organisational contexts worldwide. Let’s take a closer look at
these ten types of unethical behaviours:
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Corruption in business/organizations
- When someone misuses his or her power or authority
position for private gain, it is called corruption.
- Corruption can take the form of bribery or favouritism.
1. Bribery
- Bribery could be when an employee is acting in the
interest of a third party because they are promised or
given personal advantages.
- Bribes can be money, goods or gifts.
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- Common business practices such as travel and
accommodation payments, or expensive lunches and
dinners are in a grey area in this regard - they always
raise the question WHY they are paid for: is something
expected in return?
- Note that in cases of bribery both parties – giver and
taker - are corrupt.
2. Favouritism
• It is when unfair advantages are given to family, friends,
a political party, or a firm or business.
• Other terms for this type of corruption are nepotism,
cronyism or patronage.
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• Favouritism may seem less serious than bribery,
because it doesn’t involve a direct exchange of
money and it is therefore harder to identify. But it
may be widespread within organisations and
become ingrained in their culture.
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Fraud and theft
- Fraud and theft of organisational resources are
common integrity violations.
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Waste and abuse of organisational
resources
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Private time misconduct
- Another listed violation is misconduct in private time.
- Offences committed in private time can include the
excessive use of alcohol and drugs; domestic violence;
vandalism, or other forms of criminal behaviour.
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The answers were as follows:
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Recap
- Corruption: It is the abuse of entrusted power for private
gain.
Values:
- All individuals have values; but not all values are ethical.
- Different societies will take a different view on what is of value
and our own personal values will be formed by a mixture of the
influences of family, friends, institutions such as school, and
society in general. 35
Global ethical culture:
The extent to which a universal ethics, agreed to by all,
exists is; however, problematic because of two things:
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Thank you
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