Phase Days site Description Hormones

Menstruatio
n
Follicular
phase
Proliferative
phase

Ovulatory
phase
Luteal phase -
Secretory
phase

Phase Days site Description Hormones

Menstruatio 1-5 uterus Endometrial -
n lining ruptures
and comes out
as a fluid
(blood)
Follicular 6 to 14 ovary Development of LH & FSH helps in
phase follicles development of follicles and
the developing follicles
secrete estrogen
Proliferative 6- 14 Uterus Regeneration of LH & FSH
phase Endometrial
lining
Ovulatory 14-16 ovary Release of the LH surge
phase egg
Luteal phase 17 to 25 ovary Formation and - Corpus luteum secretes
development of progesterone only if egg
corpus luteum is fertilized. If egg is not
fertilized corpus luteum
regresses to corpus
albicans and no
progesterone is secreted.
Secretory 17 to 25 ovary Secretion of Progesterone
phase progesterone by
corpus luteum
 MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Morula Blastula
16 celled 32-64 celled
Solid mass of cells Blastomeres are differentiated into
inner cell mass and outer trophoblast.
This is called blastocyst

Spermatogenesis
It occurs inside the testes
All the stages are completed inside the testes.
Spermatogonia develop from the germinal
epithelium lining seminiferous tubules from
inside of the testis
All spermatogonia gives rise to
spermatocytes.
Primary spermatocytes divide by meiosis I to
give rise to two secondary spermatocytes,
which are equal.
Oogenesis
It occurs inside the ovary
Majority occurs inside the ovary, but last
stages occur in the oviduct.
Oogonia develop from the germinal
epithelium overlying the ovary
Only few oogonia give rise to oocytes.
Primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I to give
rise to one large secondary oocyte and a tiny
polar body.
One primary spermatocyte gives rise to 4
equal sperms/spermatozoa, at the end of
Meiosis II.
Each secondary spermatocyte divides by
meiosis II to give rise to 2 equal spermatids.
Each spermatid differentiates into
spermatozoan or sperm.
The sperms formed are motile.
Spermatogenesis is initiated at puberty.
Meiosis II is followed immediately after
Meiosis I
Throughout life
One primary oocyte gives rise to one ovum, at
the end of Meiosis II
Secondary oocyte divides by meiosis II to
form one ovum and one second tiny polar
body.
No differentiation is required after meiosis II.
The ovum or egg is non- motile/stationary.
Initiated at the embryonic stage of the female
fetus.
Meiosis II takes place later just before
fertilization.
Ends at menopause