Variables y Magnitudes Físicas

Apéndice 2.1 (equivalencias)

1 kg = 2.202 lb.
1 m = 3.278 ft.
1 ft3 = 28.37 L. = 7.495 gal.
1 gal = 3.785 L.
1 barril = 159 L.
1 m2 = 10.75 ft2.
1 inch = 2.54 cm.
1 ft = 12 inch.
1 yd = 3 ft = 36 inch = 0.00057 mi = 0.9144 m.
1 mi = 1609.34 m = 5280 ft = 1760 yd = 63360 inch.
1 km/h = 0.9113 ft/s.
1 kgf = 9.81 N.
1 kgf m = 9.81 J.
1 kW * h = 3.6(106) J = 2.655(106) ft * lb.
1 kcal = 3.96 BTU = 426 kgf m = 4185 J.
1 ft * lbf = 1.356 J = 0.1383 kgf m.
1 H.P. = 550 ft * lbf /s = 0.7457 kW = 76.04 kgf *m/s = 0.1782 kcal/s.
1 C.V. = 75 kgf *m/s = 0.736 kW.
1 BTU / lb = 0.555 kcal/kg = 236.81 kgf *m/kg = 776.42 ft * lbf /lb.
1 atm = 1.033 kgf /cm2 = 14.7 lbf /inch2 = 760 mm Hg = 101,337 Pa.

Constante Universal de los Gases Ideales (R):

R = 0.08314 bar * m3 / Kmol * K.
R = 0.08205746 atm * L / mol * K.
R = 0.2870 kPa * m3 / kg * K.
Factores para Conversión de Unidades
Apéndice 2.2

Unidad de Valores equivalentes:

Medición:
Masa 1 kg = 1000 g = 0.001 ton métrica = 2.20462 lbm = 35.27392 oz.
1 lbm = 16 oz = 5 x 10-4 ton = 453.593 g = 0.453593 kg.

Longitud 1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm = 106 micrones (µm) = 1010 angstroms (Å)

= 39.37 inch = 3.2808 ft = 1.0936 yd = 0.0006214 mi.
1
1 ft = 12 inch = 3 yd = 0.3048 m = 30.48 cm.

Volumen 1 m3 = 1000 L = 106 cm3 = 106 mL = 35.3145 ft3 = 220.83 gal imprls
= 264.17 gal = 1056.68 cuarto.
1 ft3 = 1728 inch3 = 7.4805 gal = 0.028317 m3 = 28.317 L
= 28317 cm3.

Fuerza 1 N = 1 kg*m/s2 =105 dinas = 105 g*cm/s2 = 0.22481 lbf.

1 lbf = 32.174 lbm*ft/s2 = 4.4482 N = 4.4482 x 105 dinas.

Presión 1 atm = 1.01325 x 105 N/m2 (Pa; Pascal) =101.325 kPa = 1.01325 bar
= 1.01325 x 106 dinas/cm2
= 760 mm Hg a 0°C (torr; torricelli) = 10.333 m H2O a 4°C
= 14.696 lbf /inch2 (psi) =33.9 ft H2O a 4°C
= 29.921 inch Hg a 0°C

Energía 1 J = 1 N*m =107 ergs = 107 dina*cm

= 2.778 x 10-7 kW*h = 0.23901 cal
= 0.7376 ft*lbf = 9.486 x 10-4 BTU

Potencia 1 W = 1 J/s = 0.23901 cal/s = 0.7376 ft*lbf /s = 9.486 x10-4 BTU/s

= 1.341 x 10-3 H.P.

Ejemplo: el factor para convertir gramos en lbm es:

𝑙𝑏𝑚*𝑓𝑡
( 2.20462 𝑙𝑏𝑚
1000 𝑔 )
𝑘𝑔*𝑚
1 2 32.174 2
𝑠 𝑠
gc = 1𝑁
= 1 𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑚
𝑓𝑡*𝑙𝑏𝑚 𝑘𝑔*
1𝑁 𝑠
2

𝑘𝑔*𝑚 = 32. 174 2 → 𝑘𝑔𝑓

2 𝑠 *𝑙𝑏𝑓
𝑠