6 TA4121 – Underground Stability

Week 14: Assessing mine drift stability

5
q = 4.56 t/m

N
3
M
+
2
h = 2.87 m

Mmax = 2.03 t-m

N = 7.6 t Mmax = 2.03 t-m

q = 11o
1
- -

b = 3.35 m
1

2 Mining Engineering Ridho Kresna Wattimena

Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Simon Heru Prassetyo
Institut Teknologi Bandung 1
3 Semester I
1. Critical strain approach

2
 100
Sakurai (1981)

10

Critical strain, e0 (%) 1

0.1

0.01

0.001
0.1 1 10 100
UCS intact rock (MPa)

3
 100
Sakurai (1983)

100 100
10 SakuraiSakurai
(1981) (1981)
Rock masses

Critical strain, e0 (%)

10 10 Intact rocks
Rock masses
Rock masses
1

Critical strain, e0 (%)

Critical strain, e0 (%)
Intact rocks
Intact rocks
1 1

0.1
0.1 0.1

Intact rocks Rock masses

0.01 Granite Granite rock mass
0.01 0.01
Sandstone Sandstone rock mass
Shale Shale rock mass
Diorite
0.001 0.001
0.001
1 1 1 10
10 10 100 100
100
UCSrock
UCS intact intact rock (MPa)
(MPa)
UCS intact rock (MPa)

4
 100
Sakurai (1983)
Critical strain
e = 1.073scm–0.318
10

1
Strain (%)

0.1

0.01

0.001
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
UCS ground (MPa)

5
 Hazard warning levels for the crown
C B A settlements of circular tunnel with 5 m radius
10
Sakurai
(1997)
Strain, e (%)

0.1

0.1 1 10 100
UCS intact rocks (MPa)
0.01 6
 20
Critical strain Hoek & Marinos (2000)
18 e = 0.2(scm/so)–2
16
e > 10%
Strain, e (%) 14 Extreme squeezing problems

12
e = 5–10%
Very severe squeezing problems
10

8
e = 2.5–5%
Severe squeezing problems
6

4 e = 1–2.5%
Minor squeezing problems
e < 1%
2 Few support problems

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
scm/so
7
Claresta et al. (2022)
8
2. Convergence rate approach

9
10
Digital tape extensometer

11
 20
15 T1 STA 0+195

Konvergen (mm)
10
5
0
-5
-10 Horizontal
Diagonal kiri
-15
Diagonal kanan
-20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
20
Laju konvergen (mm/hari)

15 T1 STA 0+195
10
5
0
-5
-10 Horizontal
Diagonal kiri
-15
Diagonal kanan
-20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
0
Terowongan 2
STA 0+195
Muka terowongan (STA)

20 Terowongan 1

40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
12
Hari pengukuran
3. Support capacity approach

13
5
q = 4.56 t/m

N
3
M
+
2
h = 2.87 m

Mmax = 2.03 t-m

N = 7.6 t Mmax = 2.03 t-m

q = 11o
1
- -

b = 3.35 m
-1
15
Support Capacity Diagram

Steel-set
Shotcrete

16
17
18
4. Numerical analysis

19
20
21
s1
Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion

s3

s2 22
s1
Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion

s3

s2 23
24
Tanpa
penyangga Deformasi vertikal

-9 cm -10 cm

1A 1B

10 cm 11 cm

Dengan
penyangga Deformasi vertikal

-6 cm -7 cm

1A 1B

8 cm 9 cm

25
26
27
28
29
30