MODULE 5:

GENDER AND
DEVELOPMENT
OBJECTIVES
At the end of the module, the students are
able to:
• create awareness on gender and

development;
• develop consciousness on gender equality;

and
• eliminate gender biases and gender

stereotyping.
Today, I will not be…
• …legalese.

• …theoretically-hardcore.

• …statistics-bound.

• …slides-bound.
Gender and Development
GAD refers to the development
perspective and process that is
participatory and empowering,
equitable, sustainable, free from
violence, respectful of human rights,
supportive of self-determination and
actualization of human potentials.
(RA 9170)
GAD focuses on the
socially-constructed basis
of differences between
males and females and
gender preferences of
individuals and emphasizes
the need to challenge
existing gender roles and
relations.
Our GAD Reality in a Mathematical
Perspective
 Reality Check!
● Gender and development
issues/ concerns have divided
societies, cultures, and the
world for so many years
because a lot of us focus on our
differences and use these to
compare roles, capacities, and
characteristics.
Discussion Point
 Gender Stereotype
A form of prejudgment, bias or limitation
given to roles and expectations of males
and females.
 Reality Check!
● From a very young age, we are
socialized as to the norms,
behaviors, values, and beliefs
of group membership.
Individuals are taught how to
socially behave in accordance
to their “assigned” identity.
 Discussion Point
Merida's character as a
princess is represented as
brave, boyish, rebellious,
hasty, and decisive. Her
mother, who opposes her
behavior tries to change
Merida. Facing her mother's
treatment, Merida becomes
rebellious and wants to change
her destiny and even dares to
break the traditions of her
kingdom.
Gender Socialization Processes

Manipulation
•People handle males and females
differently as infants.
Canalization
•People direct children's attention
to gender-appropriate objects.
Gender Socialization Processes

Verbal Appellation
•People tell children what they are
and what is expected of them.
Activity Exposure
•People familiarize children to their
“appropriate” tasks.
 Reality Check!
● Gender and development
issues/ concerns stem from
misconceptions or
misappropriation. Thus, it is
necessary for us to understand
that GAD is a compassionate
concept of one’s embodiment.
 Understanding SOGIE+SC
Sex Gender
· Categorized as male or · Masculinity and femininity
female · Socially, culturally and
· Biological historically determined
· Fixed at birth · Learned through
· Does not change across socialization
time and space · Varies over time and space
· Equally valued · Unequally valued
(masculinity as the norm)
Discussion Point
 Reality Check!
● Societal responsibilities are
built upon a lot of
intersectionality. Since there
is an intersection between
gender and development, we
can achieve our end-goals
through collective action and
multiplied efforts.
 Gender-Free Education in Families

Shared parenting Shared home

Shared decision-
• Taking care of the making
baby • Family council
• Helping the children • Giving permission to
with their homework children
• Disciplining the • Deciding for the
children affairs of the children
management
• Fixing the house, cleaning the
house
• Doing laundry
• Going to market
• Cooking, preparing the table,
washing the dishes
Gender-Free Education in other
Social Institutions

Religion Schools Economy

Government Mass Media

 Reality Check!
● Gender and Development is
both an end-goal and a
process. It is not about
tolerating beliefs that are
different from ours, but
accepting and embracing these
as assets to a richer and more
meaningful world.
 Gender Equality and Gender Equity

Gender equality Gender equity means

means that their fairness of treatment
rights, for men and women
responsibilities and according to their
opportunities will not respective needs,
depend on whether including their rights,
they were born male benefits, obligations,
or female and opportunities.