Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Full Download International Business The New Realities 4th Edition Cavusgil Solutions Manual
Full Download International Business The New Realities 4th Edition Cavusgil Solutions Manual
Full Download International Business The New Realities 4th Edition Cavusgil Solutions Manual
https://testbankfan.com/download/international-business-the-new-realities-4th-edition-
cavusgil-solutions-manual/
PART 1
FOUNDATION CONCEPTS
CHAPTER 2
GLOBALIZATION OF MARKETS
AND THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE FIRM
Instructor’s Manual by Marta Szabo White, Ph.D.
I. LECTURE STARTER/LAUNCHER
The Value Chain concept is central to this chapter. To ensure that students understand
this concept, you might start the chapter with a basic example. Project the basic value
chain model on the screen, and select a simple business. How about shoes, or laptop
computers, or automobiles? Suppose you manufacture one of these products. Next,
proceed step by step through the model from research & development; to procurement
(sourcing raw materials); to manufacturing; to marketing; to distribution; to sales &
service. Follow each activity and commensurate value that is added at each step along
the way. Now consider locating each one of those activities in a different country, if it is
more efficient to do so. If you don’t want to create an example, you can always use the
examples in Exhibit 2.10.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After studying this chapter, students should be able to:
■
1
Key Themes
■ In this chapter, there are six themes:
■ Globalization has been around for centuries- the early civilizations in the
Mediterranean, Middle East, Asia, Africa, and Europe have all contributed to its growth.
■ Globalization of markets is the integration and interdependence of national
economies.
■ Globalization is chronicled through international trade, triggered by world events and
technological discoveries. Globalization has progressed through four phases, since the
early 1800s. The current phase was stimulated by the rise of IT, the Internet, and other
advanced technologies.
CONSEQUENCES
DRIVERS DIMENSIONS
SOCIETAL
FIRM
■ Drivers-
Falling trade and investment barriers; market liberalization and adoption of free market
economics in formerly closed economies; industrialization and economic development
(emerging markets); integration of world financial markets; and technological advances.
■ Globalization makes internationalization an imperative, technology provides the
means.
Title: The secret history of the court of Spain during the last century
Language: English
Frontispiece
THE SECRET HISTORY OF
THE COURT OF SPAIN
DURING THE LAST CENTURY
BY
RACHEL CHALLICE
NEW YORK
D . A P P L E T O N & C O M PA N Y
MCMIX
AUTHOR’S NOTE
CHAPTER PAGE
Index 345
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Key
===
A = Antonio (son of Duke of Montpensier)
CB = Carlos de Bourbon
CG = Count of Girgenti
DCM = Don Carlos, Count of Montemolin
DP = De la Paz
FA = Francisco de Asis
FP = Francisco de Paula
LF = Luis Ferdinand of Bavaria
MCA = Maria Cristina of Austria
MCN = Maria Cristina of Naples
(sister of Luisa Carlota and of Princess of Beira)
Mcd = Mercedes (cousin to Alfonso XII.)
MF = Maria Francisca of Portugal
(sister of Isabel of Braganza)
MJA = Maria Josefa Amalia of Saxony
MLF = Maria Luisa Fernanda
MM = Maria de las Mercedes (Princess of Asturias)
MT = Maria Teresa
P = Pilar (Infanta)
PM = Princess of Modena
VE = Victoria Eugénie of Battenberg
1800–1804
And then the Queen once more poured into her friend’s ears her
doubts and fears as to her future and that of Charles IV.
From the time Maria Antonia of Naples married the eighteen-
year-old Prince of Asturias in 1802, she proved herself an active
partisan of her husband and his tutor Escoiquiz, and if she had lived
longer her clear-sightedness might have prevented the surrender of
Spain to Bonaparte.
In obedience to her mother, Queen Caroline of Naples, the
Princess of Asturias was unremitting in her efforts to contravert the
plans of her irreconcilable enemy Napoleon, which were
subsequently furthered by the short-sighted policy of Godoy and
Maria Luisa. Secret and almost daily were the letters which passed
between Princess Maria Antonia and Queen Caroline, and, as the
correspondence was conducted in cipher, it entered the Court of
Naples without attracting any attention, and thus many diplomatic
secrets from Madrid travelled thence to England. In the bitter warfare
of personal hatred and political intrigue no accusations were too bad
to be levelled by one part of the Spanish Royal Family against the
other.
The partisans of the Prince and Princess of Asturias declared that
Godoy and Maria Luisa filled the King’s mind with suspicions against
Ferdinand, even to the point of attributing parricidal thoughts to him,
so that the King might disinherit him and put Godoy in his place. And
the followers of Godoy declared that the Princess of Asturias not
only had designs against the Prince of the Peace, but against the
Sovereigns themselves.
The secret correspondence between Queen Caroline and her
daughter was found years afterwards in the house of the Duke of
Infantado, and it showed the hatred of the Prince and his wife
towards the Queen’s favourite, whilst speaking of the King as if he
already had one foot in the grave. One of these letters to Naples was
intercepted by Napoleon, and it fully convinced him of the part
played by Prince Ferdinand and his wife with regard to France.
The people’s discontent with Godoy was fostered by Ferdinand’s
followers, and, indeed, the government of the turbulent country
required a more expert hand than that of the favourite.
The clergy were also enraged when they heard that the Minister
had received a Bull from Rome for the reform of the monastic