Final Term Exam- Turbo machinery II, January 2021

ZAGAZIG UNIVERSITY
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
4 th Year Mechanical Power Turbo-machinery II Final Exam, January 2021
No. of Questions: 4 No. of pages: 3 Time:3 Hours

Question 1 [Centrifugal Compressor]

Consider a centrifugal compressor impeller with the following inlet and design parameters:
Known/design inlet conditions
 Inlet absolute stagnation temperature and pressure are 288 K and 1.01 × 105 Pa, respectively, i.e., our
design point operation is at the standard sea level static condition
 C1 = Cz1 = 150 m/s, this gives an axial inlet Mach number of ∼0.5, no preswirl, which is our design
choice
 Hub-to-tip radius ratio is rh1∕r1 = 0.5, this too is a design choice

Limit the relative Mach number at the eye radius to 1.0, to avoid shock losses in the inducer
 Compressor adiabatic efficiency 𝜂c = 0.72 estimated based on similar machines
 Compressor mass flow rate is ṁ = 5 kg/s
Known/design exit conditions
 Cr2 = Cz1 = 150 m/s, this could be our design choice, which sizes the impeller exit area
 _ Impeller rim speed is U2 = 520 m/s, we chose the maximum rim speed in this example
 Impeller exit vane angle 𝛽′ 2 = 20O, i.e., we chose a backsweep design to reduce M2
 Allow for a 10O slip angle, which makes the exit relative flow angle 𝛽2 = 30O.
 Assume equal total pressure loss parameter 𝜛 in the impeller and the radial diffuser
Calculate
(a) the absolute Mach number entering the radial diffuser, M2, and its components, i.e., radial and
tangential Mr2 and M𝜃2
(b) the relative Mach number at the impeller exit, M2r
(c) the compressor pressure ratio 𝜋c and its polytropic efficiency ec
(d) the inlet flow area and the “eye” radius r1
(e) the shaft angular speed N
(f) the impeller exit radius r2
(g) the impeller exit width b

Professor Dr: M. H. Gobran Page 1

 Final Term Exam- Turbo machinery II, January 2021

Question2 [Axial Compressor]

An axial flow compressor stage at r = 0.4 m is
shown. The inlet flow is purely axial with Cz1 =
150 m/s, which remains constant across the rotor
and stator.. The rotor angular speed is 𝜔 = 7400
rpm. The stage degree of reaction at this radius is
R = 0.75. The rotor total pressure loss parameter
(in relative frame) is 𝜛r = 0.05. The gas
properties are: 𝛾 = 1.4 and R = 287 J/kgK.
Calculate:
(a) absolute swirl at rotor exit, Cu2
(b) rotor exit (absolute) total temperature, Tt2 in K
(c) static temperature at the rotor exit, T2 in K
(d) rotor exit absolute Mach number, M2
(e) rotor exit relative Mach number, M2r
(f) relative dynamic pressure at rotor inlet, q1r, in kPa
(g) inlet relative total pressure, Pt1r, in kPa
(h) static pressure at rotor exit, P2, in kPa
(i) rotor exit (absolute) total pressure, Pt2, in kPa

Question 3 [Axial Turbine]

An axial flow turbine rotor is designed for constant

axial velocity. The velocity triangles are as shown.
The rotor total pressure loss coefficient is known to be
0.08 with 𝛾 = 1.30 . Calculate
(a) rotor speed U in m/s
(b) rotor specific work wt in kJ/kg
(c) stage degree of reaction R
(d) inlet absolute Mach number M2
(e) inlet gas static density 𝜌2 in kg/m3

Professor Dr: M. H. Gobran Page 2

 Final Term Exam- Turbo machinery II, January 2021

(f) exit relative Mach number M3r

(g) exit total pressure Pt3 in MPa
(h) exit static density 𝜌3 in kg/m3

Question 4 [Radial Inflow Turbine]

A radial inflow turbine has the following operating conditions:

Total temperature at inlet T01 = 1400 K

Total pressure at inlet P01 = 3 bar
Rotor tip speed U2 = 500 m/s
Rotational speed N = 40000 rpm
𝑸
Specific Speed 𝜴𝒔 = 𝟏. 𝟑𝟏 √𝑵∗𝑫𝟑 𝟑 = 0.58 rad
𝟐

𝜷𝟑𝒂𝒗𝒈 = 𝟔𝟑°, 𝜶𝟐 = 𝟕𝟒°, 𝜼𝒕𝒔 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟓

𝑫𝟑𝒕𝒊𝒑 𝑫𝟑𝒉𝒖𝒃 𝒃
= 𝟎. 𝟕, = 𝟎. 𝟒, = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟕
𝑫𝟐 𝑫𝟑𝒕𝒊𝒑 𝑫𝟐

Assuming radial inlet, find the following:

a- Geometrical dimensions of the turbine; D2, b2, D3tip, D3hub, D3avg.
b- The outlet total and static temperatures as well as outlet static pressure; T03, T3 and P3.
c- The mass flow rate.
d- Rotor inlet static temperature and pressure; T2 and P2.

Professor Dr: M. H. Gobran Page 3