Course on Basics HTRI and

introduction to EDR
Last Lectures Assignment:
Classification Of Heat Exchangers
´ Co-Current Flow

´ Counter current flow

Classification Of Heat exchanger
´ Crossflow

´ Hybrid (Cross Counter flow &

Multi pass flow)
Classification of Heat Exchanger
´ Classification based of Construction

Heat Exchanger

Regenerative Recuperative

Static Indirect Direct Specials

Dynamic Cooling
Plate
towers

Tubular
Classification of Heat Exchanger
´ Classification based of Construction

Tubular Heat Exchanger

Air Tube & Plate Shell & Tube

Furnace
Cooled
TEMA
Type

Double
Pipe

Helical
Coil
 Classification of Heat Exchanger
´ Classification based of Construction

Plate Heat Exchanger

Plate and frame Plate and fin

Lamella Spiral

Gasketted

Welded
Classification based on Service
´ Single Phase
´ Both shell and tube side have same phase
´ Condensing
´ One side condensing, other side single phase
´ Vaporizing
´ One side vaporizing, other side single phase
´ Condensing/Vaporizing
´ One side condensing, other side vaporizing
Classification based on Service

´ Heat Exchanger
´ Both side process
´ Single phase
´ Cooler
´ One stream is process
´ Other stream is utility
´ Heater
´ One stream is Process
´ Other side is utility
Classification based on Service

´ Condenser
´ One side vapor condensing
´ Other side utility
´ Reboiler
´ One side is vaporized, usually distillation column bottom stream
´ Other stream is utility
´ Chiller
´ One stream is condensing
´ Other side is usually colder process side evaporating
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger

´ These are the simplest types of heat exchangers

´ Mainly one pipe running through another is the construction
´ Heat transfer happens between the fluid inside the inner tube and fluid
flowing through annular space between pipes
´ Its normally used for single phase heat transfer
´ Selective usage can be observed in oil and gas sector such as USXs
´ Its shell side cleaning is difficult.
Double pipe heat exchanger

Annular space

Outer Pipe

Ri
Inner Pipe

Ro
Hairpin Heat Exchanger

´ This is similar to that of Double pipe heat exchanger

´ It has multiple tubes in single shell
´ Higher heat transfer area is achievable in relatively small area compared to
simple double pipe heat exchanger
´ Can be designed in a way where shell side is removed so that cleaning is
possible
´ Used where higher pressure drop is allowable and high temperature
difference in the fluids are available
Spiral Heat Exchanger

´ Two metal plate wound around each other

´ Construction can be imagined as two card board sheets being rolled
around a round bar and then released to create a slight space between
two sheets due to its elasticity
´ Can be used in low pressure operations
´ Has high heat transfer coefficient
´ Can handle fluids with higher fouling potential
´ Almost impossible to clean
Plate and Frame heat exchanger

´ These are corrugated plates adjacent to each other connected to each

other in alternate manner
´ The separation in the two plates is filled by gaskets
´ Plates are mainly manufactured with steel with copper coatings and
multiple other alloys
´ The capacity can be vary easily expanded by adding plates
´ Easy to clean
´ Very high heat transfer coefficient
´ Leaks are usually to the outside, not process to process
´ The limitations of plate and frame exchangers
´ The gasket limit the High temperature heat exchange
´ Welded plates limit any possibility of exchanger cleaning
´ Maximum design pressure capacity is below 250 PSIG
´ Can’t handle solids
´ It has very high pressure drops (so can be used only where higher
allowable pressure drop)
´ Can not be used in vacuum operations
´ Can not be used in hazardous materials handling
Plate Frame Type Heat Exchanger
Plate and Fin Heat Exchanger

´ It has triangular or rectangular plate embedded between to plates of the

exchanger
´ This mainly used to increase heat transfer area
´ Preferred in case of gas to gas heat exchange
´ The plates and fins are manufactured from variety of materials like
ceramics, metals and alloys.
´ Its advantage is multiple streams can be combined for multiple heat
transfers in single heat exchanger
Shell and Tube Heat exchanger

´ We’ll continue on this one in next session..