1.

 Loss of green space at the edge of the city for housing and
expanded roads
 Increased flooding due to more impermeable surfaces  Loss
of habitat leading to reduced biodiversity
 Original villages dominated by new modern estates  Loss of
‘sense of place’ as many such developments look the same
 Increased congestion / air and noise pollution with rise in
commuter traffic
 Rising housing costs so that many such commuter villages
become unaffordable
✓ Improvements in transport infrastructure to meet commuter
needs
✓ Improvements in social facilities eg pubs / leisure as there is
a market
✓ Increase in the supply of housing in a pleasant area on the
edge.