MATRICES

1 Mark Questions 23. 𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑥 ∧ 𝑦: 𝑥 [2] + 𝑦 [−1] = [10]

1. If a matrix has 5 elements, write all possible 3 1 5
24. Find (x + y) from the following equation:
orders it can have.
𝑥 5
2. For a 2x2 matrix A = [aij], whose elements are i. 2 (7 𝑦 − 3) + (3 −4) = ( 7 6 )
1 2 15 14
(𝑖+2𝑗)2
given by aij= 4
, write the value of a21. ii. 2 (1 3) + (3 0) = (5 6)
0 𝑥 1 2 1 8
3. For a 2x2 matrix A = [aij], whose elements are 1 0 0 𝑥 1
𝑖 25. Write x + y + z, if [0 1 0] [𝑦] = [−1]
given by aij= 𝑗, write the value of a12.
0 0 1 𝑧 0
𝑖 + 𝑗, 𝑖𝑓𝑖 ≥ 𝑗 2 3 1 −3 −4 6
4. If A = [aij], where aij= {
𝑖 − 𝑗, 𝑖𝑓𝑖 < 𝑗
, construct a 26. If ( )( )=( ), write ‘x’.
5 7 −2 4 −9 𝑥
3x2 matrix A. 27. If (1 2) (3 1) = (7 11), write ‘k’.
3 4 2 5 𝑘 23
5. *The elements aij of a 3x3 matrix are given by 3 4 𝑥 19
1 28. If ( ) ( ) = ( ) , find the value of ‘x’.
aij= 2 ∨ −3𝑖 + 𝑗 ∨. Write the value of element a23. 2 𝑥 1 15
𝑥
2 3 −5 2 1 −1 29. If (2𝑥 4) (−8) = 0 , find the value of x.
6. IfA=[aij] = [1 4 9 ], B = [bij] = [−3 4 4] 𝑥
0 7 −2 1 5 2 30. Solve for ‘x’ and ‘y’: [3 −4] [𝑦] = [ 3 ]
1 2 11
, then find a22 + a21. 1 2
31. If 𝐴 = [ ], find A + AT.
7. If A is a matrix of order 3x4 and B is of order 3 4
3 4
32. If AT=[−1 2],B=[−1 2 1], find AT – BT.
4x3, find the order of (AB).
8. Let A and B are matrices of order 3x2 and 2x4 1 2 3
0 1
respectively. Write the order of matrix (AB). 2𝑥 + 𝑦 3𝑦 6 0𝑇
33. If[ ]=[ ] , then find ‘x’.
1 0 4 6 4
9. Write order of product matrix: [2] [2 3 4]. 𝑇
3 34. If[𝑎 + 𝑏 2 ] = [6 5] , then find ‘a’.
5 4𝑏 2 2
2 4 1 3 35. If a matrix A = [ 1 2 3], write A. AT
10. If 𝐴 = [ ],𝐵 = [ ], then find A – B.
3 2 −2 5
36. If A = [ 2 −2
] and A2 = pA, then find ‘p’.
11. If 3A – B = [5 0], B = [4 3], then find A. −2 2
1 1 2 5
9 −1 4 1 2 −1 37. If A = [ 3 −3] and A2 = A, then find ‘’
12. If[ ]=𝐴+[ ],find ‘A’. −3 3
−2 1 3 0 4 9
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑦 𝑥 + 3 10 38. If A = (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 ), then for what value of
13. If [ 2 ]=[ ], write 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
0 𝑦 +1 0 26 ‘𝜃’, is A an Identity Matrix.
(x + y). 39. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then
𝑥−𝑦 𝑧
14. *If [2𝑥 − 𝑦 𝑤 ]=[−1 4], then find (x + y). write the value of (I + A)2 – 3A.
0 5
𝑥 + 2𝑦 3𝑦 0 −3 40. *If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then
15. If [ ]= [ ], find ‘x’ and ‘y’.
4𝑥 2 8 2 write the value of 7A –.(I + A)3.
𝑥+𝑦 1 7 1
16. If [ ]= [ ], then find ‘x’ . 41. Show that all the diagonal elements of a skew
2𝑦 5 4 5
3𝑥 −1 symmetric matrix are zero.
17. If [𝑦 − 𝑥 4 ]= [ 3 −1], then find ‘y’ .
−3 4 42. Simplify:( 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
)+sin(
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
)
𝑎 − 𝑏 2𝑎 + 𝑐 −1 5 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
18. Find ‘a’, if [ ]=[ ] 43. Write a square matrix of order 2, which is
2𝑎 − 𝑏 3𝑐 + 𝑑 0 13
𝑥 𝑥−𝑦 3 1 symmetric and skew – symmetric.
19. If [2𝑥 + 𝑦 7 ] = [8 7], then find ‘y’. 44. For what value of ‘x’,the matrix
3𝑦 − 𝑥 −2𝑥 5 −2
20. If [ ]=[ ], then find ‘y. 0 1 −2
3 7 3 7 A=[−1 0 3 ]is a skew–symmetric.
𝑥−𝑦 4
21. If [ 𝑧 + 6 𝑥 + 𝑦]= [8 𝑤 ], write the value of (x 𝑥 −3 0
0 6
45. If A is a skew – symmetric matrix of order 3,
+ y + z).
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧 9 then prove that |A| = 0.
22. Find x – y + z , if [ 𝑥 + 𝑧 ] = [5]. 3 −1
46. If |A| = 3 and A-1=[−5 2 ], then write adj A.
𝑦+𝑧 7 3 3
 4 Mark Questions 15. In the following matrix equation use
1 2 3 1 elementary operation R2→R2 + R1 and
1. Find ‘x’: [1 𝑥 1] [4 5 6] [−2] = O. write the equation thus
3 2 5 3 2 3 1 0 8 −3
obtained.( )( )=( )
2. For the following matrices A and B, verify 1 4 2 −1 9 −4
1 16. A school wants to award its students for
that (AB)T = BTAT; A = [−4] , B = regularity and hardwork with a total cash
3 award of Rs.6,000. If three times the award
[−1 2 1]. money for hardwork added to that given for
3. If A = [ 3 −4], find matrix B such that regularity amounts to Rs.11,000, represent
−1 2
the above situation algebraically and find
AB=I.
the award money for each value, using
4. Express the following matrix as sum of a matrix method. Suggest two more values,
symmetric and skew – symmetric matrix which the school must include for award.
3 −2 −4 17. A trust fund has Rs.35, 000 is to be invested
and verify your result: (i) ( 3 −2 −5) in two different types of bonds. The first
−1 1 2 bond pays 8% interest per annum which
3 2 5 2 4 6
(ii) (4 1 3)(iii) 𝐴 = [ 7 3 5] will be given to orphanage and second bond
0 6 7 1 2 4 pays 10% interest per annum which will be
1 3 5 given to an N.G.O. (Cancer Aid Society).
(iv)(−6 8 3) Using matrix multiplication, determine how
−4 6 5 to divide Rs.35, 000 among two types of
5. If A = [1 2], find the value of A2 + 2A + bonds if the trust fund obtains an annual
4 1 total interest of Rs.3,200. What are the
7I. values reflected in this question?
6. Let A = [ 2 3
], then show that A2–4A+7I 18. To raise money for an orphanage, students
−1 2 of three schools A, B and C organized an
= 0. Using this calculate A-1 also. exhibition in their locality, where they sold
1 2 2 paper bags, scrap-books and pastel sheets
7. If A = [2 1 2] ,verify that A2– 4A–5I =
made by them using recycled paper, at the
2 2 1
rate of Rs. 20, Rs.15 and Rs. 5 per unit
O.
respectively. School A sold 25 paper-bags
8. If A = [ 1 0
], find ‘k’ , if A2– 8A + kI = 12 scrap-books and 34 pastel sheets. School
−1 7
0. B sold 22 paper-bags, 15 scrapbooks and 28
pastel-sheets while school C sold 26 paper-
9. For the matrix A = [3 2] , find ‘a’ and ‘b’ bags, 18 scrap-books and 36 pastel sheets.
1 1
such that A2 + aA + bI = O, hence find A –1. Using matrices, find the total amount raised
10. For A = [3 1] , find the numbers ‘x’ and by each school. By such exhibition, which
7 5 values are inculcated in the students?
‘y’ such that A2 + xI = yA, hence find A –1. 19. Ishan wants to donate a rectangular plot of
3 −1 1
land for a school in his village. When he
11. If A–1= [−15 6 −5] and B =
5 −2 2
was asked to give dimensions of the plot, he
1 2 −2 told that if its length is decreased by 50m
[−1 3 0 ] , find (AB)– 1 and breadth is increased by 50m, then its
0 −2 1 area will remain same, but if length is
12. Let A= ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 ),then prove by decreased by 10m and breadth is decreased
−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
principle of mathematical induction that An by 20m, then its area will decrease 5399
m2. Using matrices, find the dimensions of
= ( 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑛𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑛𝜃 ), for every positive the plot. Also give reason why he wants to
−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑛𝜃
integer ‘n’. donate the plot for school.
13. If X(1 2 3) = (−7 −8 −9), then find 20. Three schools A, B and C organized a mela
4 5 6 2 4 6 for collecting funds for helping the
matrix X.
2 −1 −1 −8
rehabilitation of flood victims. They sold
14. Find A such that ( 1 0 ) 𝐴 = ( 1 −2) handmade fans , mats and plates from
−3 4 9 22 recycled materials at a cost of Rs.25,
 Rs.100 and Rs.50 each. The number of more children in the family create on the
articles sold are given below: society?
School -> A B C 6 Mark Questions
Article 1. Solve the following system of equations using
Handmade fans 40 25 35 matrices method.
Mats 50 40 50 a) x + 2y + z = 7, x + 3z = 11, 2x – 3y = 1.
Plates 20 30 40 b) 2x + 3y + 3z=5; x–2y +z = – 4; 3x – y –2z = 3
Find the fund collected by each school c) 3x + 4y+7z=4;2x– y + 3z = – 3; x + 2y – 3z= 8
separately by selling the above articles. Also d) x + y – z = 3; 2x + 3y + z = 10; 3x – y – 7z = 1
find the total funds collected for the purpose. e) X – y+2z =7; 3x+4y –5z = – 5; 2x–y + 3z = 12
Write one value generated by the above f) 4x +3y+2z=60; x+2y+3z=45; 6x +2y+ 3z= 70
situation. g) 2x–3y+ 5z =11; 3x+2y– 4z = – 5; x+ y–2z= – 3
21. To promote the making of toilets for h) 2x + y + z =7; x – y – z = – 4; 3x + 2y + z = 10
women, an organization tried to generate i) x – y + 2z =1; 2y– 3z = 1;3x – 2y + 4z = 2.
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
awareness through (i) house calls (ii) letters j) + + = 4; − + = 1; + − = 2
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
and (iii) announcements. The cost for each 2 3 3 1 1 1 3 1 2
k) 𝑥
−𝑦 + 𝑧 = 10; 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 10; 𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 13
mode per attempt is given below: (i) Rs.50
(ii) Rs.20 (iii) Rs.40 1 −1 0 2 2 −4
The number of attempts made in three villages 2. If A = [2 3 4] and B = [−4 2 −4] are
X, Y and Z are given below 0 1 2 2 −1 5
(i) (ii) (iii) two square matrices, find AB and hence solve
X 400 300 100 the system of equations : x – y = 3; 2x + 3y + 4z
Y 300 250 75 = 17; y + 2z = 72
Z 500 400 150 −4 4 4 1 −1 1
Find the total cost incurred by the organization 3. Find the product [−7 1 3 ] [1 −2 −2]
for the three villages separately using matrices. 5 −3 −1 2 1 3
and use it to solve the system of equations:
Write one value generated by the organization in
x +2y + z = 4, – x + y + z = 0, x – 3y + z = 2.
the society. 1 −2 0 7 2 −6
22. There are two families P and Q. There are 3 4. If A = [2 1 3 ] and B = [−2 1 −3], find
men, 3 women and 2 children in family P 0 −2 1 −4 2 5
and 2 men, 2 women and 4 children in AB. Hence, solve the system of equations:
family Q. The recommended daily calories x – 2y = 10; 2x + y + 3z = 8 and –2y + z = 7.
is : 1 −1 2 −2 0 1
Man: 2400, Woman: 2000, Child: 1400 and 5. Use product [0 2 −3] [ 9 2 −3] to solve
Proteins is:Man: 60 g, Woman: 40 g and Child: 3 −2 4 6 1 −2
the system of equations: x – y + 2z = 1; 2y – 3z
35 g.
= 1; 3x – 2y + 4z = 2.
(i) Represent the above information by 1 −1 1 4 2 2
matrices. Using matrix multiplication, 6. Find the product[2 1 −3] [−5 0 5] and
calculate the total requirement of calories 1 1 1 1 −2 3
and proteins of each of the two families. use it to solve the system of equations:
(ii) Which family is an ideal family and why? x +2y + z = 4, – x + y + z = 0, x – 3y + z = 2.
23. There are 3 families A, B and C. the 7. Find A–1. Hence solve the system of equations.
number of men, women and children in 1 2 5
these families are as under: a) A = [1 −1 −1];
Men Women Children 2 3 −1
x+2y + 5z=10; x–y–z= –2; 2x+3y–z=– 11.
Family A 2 3 1 1 2 1
Family B 2 1 3 b) A = [−1 1 1] ;
Family C 4 2 6 1 −3 1
Daily expenses of men, women and children are x+2y+ z = 4; –x +y+z=0;x– 3y + z = 2.
Rs.200, Rs.150 and Rs.200 respectively. Only 2 −3 5
men and women earn and children do not. Using c) A = [3 2 −4];
matrix multiplication, calculate the daily 1 1 −2
2x–3y+ 5z=11; 3x +2y– 4z= – 5; x+ y–2z = –3.
expenses of each family. What impact does

; Regularity. Represent the above situation
2 3 10
d) A = [4 −6 5 ];
6 9 −20
2 3 10 4 6 5 6 9 20
𝑥
+ 𝑦
+ 𝑧
= 2; 𝑥
− 𝑦
+ 𝑧
= 5; 𝑥
+ 𝑦
− 𝑧
= −4
8. *Two institutions decided to award their
employees for the three values resourcefulness, 12. The management committee of a residential
competence and determination in the form of
prizes at the rate of Rs.x, Rs.y and Rs.z
respectively per person. The first institution
decided to award respectively 4, 3 and 2
employees with a total prize money of Rs.37,000
and the second institution decided to award
respectively 5, 3 and 4 employees with a total
prize money of Rs.47,000. If all the three prizes
per person together amount to Rs.12, 000, then
using matrix method find the value of x, y and z.
What values are described in this question
9. *Two schools A and B want to award their
selected students on the values of sincerity,
truthfulness and helpfulness. The school A wants
to award Rs.x each, Rs.y each and Rs.z each for
the three respective values to 3, 2 and 1 students 13. Two schools A and B decided to award prizes to
respectively with a total award money of
Rs.1600. School B wants to spend Rs.2,300 to
award to its 4, 1 and 3 students on the respective
values (by giving the same award money to the
three values as before). If the total amount of
ward for one prize on each value is Rs.900, using
matrices, find the award money for each value.
Apart from these three values, suggest one more
value which should be considered for award.
10. Two schools P and Q want to award their
selected students for the values of sincerity,
truthfulness and hard work at the rate of Rs.x,
Rs.y and Rs.z for each respective value per
student. School P awards its 2, 3 and 4 students
on the above respective values with a total prize
money of Rs.4600. School Q wants to award its
3, 2 and 3 students on the respective values with
a total award money of Rs.4,100. If the total
amount of award money for one prize on each
value is Rs.1,500, using matrices find the award
money for each value. Suggest one other value
which the school can consider for awarding the
students.
11. A school wants to award its students for the
values of Honesty, Regularity and Hard work
with a total cash award of Rs.6, 000/–. Three
times the award money for Hard work added to
that given for Honesty amounts to Rs.11, 000/–.
The award money given for Honesty and Hard
work together is double the one given for
algebraically and find the award money for each
value, using matrix method. Apart from these
values, namely, Honesty, Regularity and Hard
work, suggest one more value which the school
must include for awards.
colony decided to award some of its members
(say x) for Honesty, some (say y) for Helping the
others and some others (say z) for supervising the
workers to keep the colony neat and clean. The
sum of all the awardees is 12. Three times the
sum of awardees for cooperation and supervision
added to two times the number of awardees for
Honesty is 33. If the sum of the number of
awardees for Honesty and Supervision is twice
the number of awardees for helping others, using
matrix method, find the number of awardees of
each category. Apart from these values, namely,
Honesty, Cooperation and Supervision, suggest
one more value which the management of the
colony must include for awards.
their students for three values honesty (x),
punctuality (y) and obedience (z). School A
decided to award a total of Rs. 11000 for the
three values to 5, 4 and 3 students respectively
while school B decided to award Rs. 10700 for
the three values to 4, 3 and 5 students
respectively. If all the three prizes together
amount to Rs. 2700, then.
i. Represent the above situation by a matrix
equation and form Linear equations
using matrix multiplication.
ii. Is it possible to solve the system of
equations so obtained using matrices?
iii. Which value you prefer to be rewarded
most and why?
2 −1
24. Find A such that( 1 0 )𝐴 =
−3 4
−1 −8 −10
( 1 −2 −5 )
9 22 15
– 7 −8 −9
1 2 3
25. If X ( ) = ( 2 4 6 ), then find
4 5 6
11 10 9
matrix X.
26. Let A = (2 −1), B = (5 2), C = (2 5),
3 4 7 4 3 8
find a matrix D such that CD – AB = O.
 DETERMINANTS 1
Mark Questions

1. For what value of ‘x’, the following matrices are singular?

𝑦 2 + 6 2𝑦
(i)[1 + 𝑥 7] (ii)[2𝑥 + 4 4] (iii) [ 2𝑥 4 6−𝑥 4
] (iv) [ ] (v)[ ](vi)
3−𝑥 8 𝑥+5 3 𝑥+2 3 3−𝑥 1 𝑦+3 2
2(𝑥 + 1) 2𝑥 (vii) 1 + 𝑥 𝑥 + 4 (viii) 5 − 𝑥 𝑥 + 1 (ix) 3 − 2𝑥 𝑥 + 1
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
𝑥 𝑥−2 5 8 2 4 2 4
𝑝 𝑝+1
2. Find Write the value of the determinant|𝑝 − 1 |.
𝑝
3. Find ‘k’, if the matrix [𝑘 2] has no inverse.
3 4
4. If the determinant of a matrix A of order 3x3 is of value 4, write the value of |5A|.
5. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and |3A| = k|A|, then find ‘k’.
6. If A is a non – singular matrix of order 3 and |A–1| = |A|k, then write the value of ‘k’.
7. A is a square matrix of order 3 and |A| = 5, write the value of |AAT |.
8. If A is an invertible matrix of order 3 and |A| = 5, then find the value of |adjA|
9. If |A| = 2, where A is a 2x2 matrix, find |adjA|.
10. A is a square matrix of order 3 and |A| = 7, write the value of |adjA|.
11. If A is an invertible matrix of order 3 and |A| = 5, then find |adjA|.
12. If A is a non – singular matrix of order 3 and |adjA| = |A|k, then write the value of ‘k’.
13. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that |adjA| = 64, find |A|.
14. If A is a square matrix of order 3 such that |adjA| = 225, find |AT|.
15. If A is an invertible matrix of order 2 and det (A) = 4, then write the value of det(A–1).
16. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 such that |A| = – 1, |B| = 3, then find the value of
|2AB|.
17. Write the adjointof(2 −1).
4 3
2 −2
18. Find (adj A), if A = [ ].
−2 2
19. If A = (3 1 ), then find |adj A|.
2 −3
20. If for any 2x2 square matrix A, A(adjA) = (8 0), then write |A|.
0 8
𝑥 4
21. Find the value of ‘x’, if | |= 0.
2 2𝑥
𝑥 𝑥
22. If|1 𝑥 | = |3 4| ,write positive value of ‘x’.
1 2
𝑥+1 𝑥−1 4 −1
23. If | |=| |, then write ‘x’.
𝑥−3 𝑥+2 1 3
24. *If| 3𝑥 7| = |8 7| , find value of ‘x’.
−2 4 6 4
2𝑥 𝑥+3 1 5
25. If | |=| | , find ‘x’.
2(𝑥 + 1) 𝑥 + 1 3 3
26. If A =[3 4], find the value 3|A|.
1 2
27. Write 𝐴−1 for 𝐴 = [2 5].
1 3
28. If A= [2 3
] , write A –1 in terms of A.
5 −2
29. Write the inverse of the matrix [ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 ]
−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
1 2 3
30. If ∆= |2 0 1|, write minor of a22and a23.
5 3 8
5 3 8
31. If ∆= |2 0 1|, write (i) Minor of element a23.(ii) Write the co–factor of a32.
1 2 3
2 −3 5
32. If Aij is co–factor of the element aij of the |6 0 4 |, then write value of a32.A32.
1 5 −7
33. Evaluate :
(i) |𝑐𝑜𝑠15° 𝑠𝑖𝑛15° | (ii) | 𝑠𝑖𝑛30°𝑐𝑜𝑠30°
| (iii) | √6 √5 |(iv)2| 7 −2
|
𝑠𝑖𝑛75° 𝑐𝑜𝑠75° −𝑠𝑖𝑛60° 𝑐𝑜𝑠60° √20 √24 −10 5
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑎 + 𝑖𝑏 𝑐 + 𝑖𝑑
(v) | |(vi) | |
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑐 + 𝑖𝑑 𝑎 − 𝑖𝑏