Cubism is an influential modern art movement that originated in France in the early 20th century.

It was
a revolutionary style of art that sought to depict objects and figures in a new way by breaking them
down into simple geometric shapes, often with a focus on multiple viewpoints and the concept of
simultaneity.

Cubism was pioneered by two artists, Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque, in the years between 1907 and
1914. They were influenced by the work of Paul Cézanne, who had experimented with breaking down
objects into their component parts and rearranging them on the canvas. In Cubism, the artists sought to
go further, creating works that were almost abstract in their depiction of the subject matter.

There were two main phases of Cubism: Analytical Cubism and Synthetic Cubism. Analytical Cubism,
which was the first phase, involved breaking down objects into their component parts and depicting
them from multiple viewpoints, often using a limited palette of colors. Synthetic Cubism, which followed
Analytical Cubism, involved incorporating different materials and textures into the work, such as collage,
to create a more complex and layered effect.

Cubism was an important influence on many other art movements that followed, such as Futurism,
Surrealism, and Constructivism. It had a profound impact on the development of modern art, particularly
in terms of how artists approached the representation of the world around them.

Today, Cubism is considered one of the most important and influential art movements of the 20th
century, and its impact can be seen in everything from painting and sculpture to architecture and design.

Abstract art is a style of art that emphasizes form, color, and line over recognizable imagery. The term
"abstract" refers to the fact that the art is not intended to depict the physical world in a realistic way, but
instead relies on the visual elements of the work itself to communicate meaning.

Non-objective art is a type of abstract art that is entirely non-representational and has no recognizable
objects or figures. Non-objective art is often characterized by a focus on color, form, and texture, and
may be purely geometric or organic in nature.

The history of abstract art can be traced back to the early 20th century, when artists began to
experiment with new ways of representing the world around them. The Russian painter Wassily
Kandinsky is often credited with creating the first abstract painting in 1910, a work titled "Composition
VII."

Other artists, such as Kazimir Malevich, Piet Mondrian, and Theo van Doesburg, also began to explore
abstract art in the years leading up to World War I. These artists were influenced by a range of factors,
including the emergence of new scientific and philosophical ideas, as well as the changing cultural
landscape of the time.

Abstract art continued to evolve throughout the 20th century, with artists such as Jackson Pollock, Mark
Rothko, and Willem de Kooning pushing the boundaries of the style in new and innovative ways. Today,
abstract and non-objective art remain popular and influential, with artists continuing to explore the
visual language of form, color, and line in exciting and unexpected ways.