CMP 215 - BASIC

APPLICATION
SOFTWARE PACKAGES
(2 UNITS)
First Edition Prepared by: Prof. S.A. Arekete
Adopted and Edited by: Dr. T. A. Olowookere
  What does Computer System mean?
 A computer system is a basic, complete and
functional computer, including all the hardware
Computer and software required to make it functional for a
System user.
 It should have the ability to receive user input,
process data, and with the processed data, create
information for storage and/or output.
 A computer system allows users to input,
manipulate and store data.
Computer Computer systems typically include a computer,
System.. monitor, keyboard, mouse and other optional
components.
All of these components also can be integrated into
all-in-one units, such as laptop computers.
 During the data processing stage, instruction sets,
known as programs, are provided to let the system
know what to do with the entered system data.
Without these programs, the computer would not
know how to process data that enters the system,
and the data might be discarded.
Computer Known as a stored program computer, this type of
System.. computer is the most common in use today.
It is very flexible, as it can process any task by
loading a program from storage.
Computer systems can work by themselves or
access other devices that are external or connected
with other computer systems.
 We can further classify computer system into two:
 Hardware system, &
 Software system

Hardware & The electronic parts include the CPU,

Motherboard, Memory, Power unit, and
Software Input/Output devices constitute the hardware
Systems system.
Software system includes stored programs like
operating systems, utility programmes,
programming languages, and software packages.
  What is Software?
 In the broadest meaning of the term, software refers to all the
non-hardware components of a digital device. Those
components include data files as well as files that contain
program code.
 In common use, however, the term software is used for
computer programs, such as operating systems, applications,
and apps.
Software  By definition, the software is a set of computer programs with
Definition associated documentation and data that provides instructions
and data to execute a user’s commands.
 Software consists of computer programs that control the
workings of the computer hardware (statements to the
computer) and program documentation used to explain the
programs to the user.
 It is an indispensable part of the machine you cannot see, but it
allows you to use the computer … just like how a mouse,
monitor, hard drive and keyboard help you use the computer.
 Software is indispensable for any computer system
Systems software needed for input, calculations,
Why Learn and output
About Application software aids in productivity
Software? Personal tasks using software
 Income tax preparation
 Keeping a budget
 Internet research
 Games
  Every day, we interact with software created by
expert software development companies that helps
us perform tasks and increase our efficiency.
 From the Microsoft Windows that greet us when
we turn on the computer to the browser we use to
Software surf the web, and the application on our
smartphone that guides us on the routes/direction
to a particular destination!
 Each one of these different kinds of software helps
us perform our day to day tasks either directly or
indirectly.
  The two major types of computer software are:
 System Software
 Application Software
What AreThe
Two Major
Whereas, two other types of computer software are:
Software
 Programming Software
Types?
 Driver Software
Often, programming and driver software are
considered as types of system software.
 Systems Software is a set of programs that support
the computer system by coordinating the activities
of the hardware and the applications.
Systems software is written for a specific set of
hardware, most particularly the CPU.
System  System software helps the user, hardware, and
Software application software to interact and function
together. These types of computer software allow
an environment or platform for other software and
applications to work in. This is why system
software is essential in managing the whole
computer system.
  When you first power up your computer, it is the
system software that is initially loaded into
memory.

 Unlike application software, the System software is

not regularly used by end-users. It only runs in the
System background of your device, at the most basic level
while you use other application software. This is
Software why system software is also called “low-level
software”.

 Operating systems are an example of system

software. All of your computer-like devices run on
an operating system, including your desktop,
laptop, smartphone, and tablet.
  For desktop computers, laptops and tablets:
Microsoft Windows
Mac (for Apple devices)
Examples of Linux
operating
systems  For smartphones:
Apple’s iOS
Google’s Android
Windows Phone OS
APPLICATION
SOFTWARE
 Application Software is a set of programs that
solve specific user-oriented problems.
As a user of technology, application software or
‘apps’ are what you engage with the most.
These types of computer software are productive
Application end-user programs that help you perform tasks.
Software Software applications are also referred to as non-
essential software. They are installed and operated
on a computer-based on the user’s requirement.
There are plenty of application software that you
can use to perform different tasks. The number of
such apps keeps increasing with technological
advances and the evolving needs of the users.
  Application software helps users solve particular
problems
Application
 In most cases, application software resides on the
Software… computer’s hard disk
 Application software can also be stored on CDs,
DVDs, and flash or keychain storage devices
 Application
Software

Proprietary Off-the-shelf
Categories of Software Software

Application
Software In-house
Contract
Customized Standard
developed Package Package

In-house
Contract
developed
 Proprietary software: one-of-a-kind program for a
Categories of specific application, usually developed and owned
Application by a single company
Software… Off-the-shelf software: existing software program
that is purchased
How System
Software  Application programs interact with systems
interacts with software; systems software then directs computer
hardware to perform the necessary tasks
Application
Software
How System
Software
interacts with
Application
Software
  Application and System software can
be likened to two different layers or
tiers of software within the same eco-
system. Software (basically, Operating
System
How System System) is designed to be able to interact
Software directly with the underlying hardware, such
interacts with as the hard drive, memory and graphics card
and it’s peripherals.
Application
Software The type of low level programming involved
is very time intensive, error prone and
extremely difficult to do.
  To get around this, the system software provides a
way for application software to interact with these
sub-systems via an API (Application Programming
Interface).
 This is how the application software is able to affect
and interact with things like the logical file system
How System which inevitably depends on the computer’s physical
Software storage and memory, for example.
 Application Programming Interface
interacts with
 Not all machines should be expected to have exactly
Application the same setup. The Application Programming
Software Interface (API) makes it possible for the same piece
of program to be used on different computers.
 It is the layer of the software that allows the
application programs to call on the services of the
OS.
Differences  The main difference between System Software and
Application Software is System Software are
between programs such as the operating system, that
Application control the operation of a computer and its devices
and that enable the computer to run application
Software and software whereas Application Software are those
System programs that enables users to perform specific
tasks on a computer, such as writing a letter or
Software playing a game.
  To give instructions to computer, you need some
interface as medium. There are mainly two
interfaces, command line interface and graphical
user interface.
Roles of User  With command line interface, you have to write
commands via text while using graphical user
Interface? interface, you give commands by using buttons,
icons etc.
 To it sum up, GUI is used to issue commands to
computer by using graphical tools representing
commands.
 GUI(Graphical User Interface) is a way for humans
to interact with computers. It allows the use of icons
or other visual indicators to interact with electronic
devices.
GUI uses windows, icons and menus to carry out
commands such as opening, deleting, and moving
Roles of User files.
Interface? GUI operating systems allows users to manipulate
elements on the screen using a mouse, a stylus, or
even a finger.
GUI systems have made computers far more user-
friendly than CLI systems.
A computer with a well-designed GUI can be used
by almost anybody.
 GUI(Graphical User Interface) is a way for humans
to interact with computers. It allows the use of icons
or other visual indicators to interact with electronic
devices.
GUI uses windows, icons and menus to carry out
commands such as opening, deleting, and moving
Roles of User files.
Interface? GUI operating systems allows users to manipulate
elements on the screen using a mouse, a stylus, or
even a finger.
GUI systems have made computers far more user-
friendly than CLI systems.
A computer with a well-designed GUI can be used
by almost anybody.
Application
SoftwareVersions
 Software producers include a version number with their
products.
 Version numbers identify the release of the program being
used.
 Recent releases have numbers greater than earlier releases
(Recent Ver. 16.0; Earlier Ver. 1.0).
 Whole numbers are major revisions (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, etc.).
 Decimal numbers refer to maintenance releases or updates and
fixes (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, etc.).
 Software upgrading is the process of keeping the
application program current.
Software Types of upgrades:
Upgrades  Patch – Small changes in the program.
 Service release – Major changes in the program.
What are This are usually the basic software tools you can
use to enhance your productivity.
Application
Those who don’t know much of programming can
Software at least utilize application packages to enhance the
Packages? delivery of their services.
  An application software (app or application for
short) is computer software designed to perform a
group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities
What are for the benefit of the user.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_softw
Application are.
Software  Examples: a word processor, a spreadsheet, an
accounting application, a web browser, a media player,
Packages? an aeronautical flight simulator, a console game or a
photo editor.

 The collective noun “application software” refers

to all applications collectively.
 •Programs/Applications that enable you to perform tasks
required in home, school, and business

 Word processing Applications

Productivity  Spreadsheet Applications
 Presentation Applications
Application  Database Applications
Software (or  Graphics Applications
Packages)  Internet/Web Applications
 Data Analysis Applications