 Which values do they exhibit? What makes them effective?

a)AUTO CRATIC STYLE

Hosni Mubarak
Mubarak was Egypt's president from 1981, when, as vice president, he
took the reins of the government following the assassination of Anwar
Sadat, to 2011, when he stepped down in the face of intense anti-
government protests. The fourth Egyptian president came under
criticism for human rights and a lack of democratic institutions in the
nation, but was also seen by many as a necessary ally who has kept
extremists at bay in that critical region. Thus, challenges to his rule
were generally not supported until the popular uprising that filled
Tahrir Square.
 b)DEMOCRATIC STYLE

George H.W. Bush

Republican George H.W. Bush was the 41st president of the United
States, serving from 1989 to 1993. He lost a campaign for re-election
in 1992 to Democrat William Jefferson Clinton, who went on to serve
two full terms.
Bush's official White House biography describes his re-election loss
this way: "Despite unprecedented popularity from this military and
diplomatic triumph, Bush was unable to withstand discontent at home
from a faltering economy, rising violence in inner cities, and continued
high deficit spending. In 1992 he lost his bid for reelection to Democrat
William Clinton."
C)LAISSEZ FAIRE STYLE

Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Hamid Halim
Shah, AC, CH (Jawi: ‫ ;تونكو عبدالرحمن ڤوترا الهاج ابن المرحوم سلطان عبدالحميد حاليم شه‬Chinese: 东姑阿都
拉曼) (8 February 1903 – 6 December 1990) was Chief Ministerof the Federation of
Malaya from 1955, and the country's first Prime Minister from independence in 1957. He
remained as the Prime Minister after Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore joined the federation
in 1963 to form Malaysia. He is widely known simply as "Tunku" or "The Tunku" (a princely
title in Malaysia) and also called Bapa Kemerdekaan (Father of Independence) or Bapa
Malaysia (Father of Malaysia).

Abdul Rahman dominated the politics of independent Malaya (which became Malaysia in 1963), and
led the Alliance to landslide wins in the 1959, and 1964 general elections. He not only served as the
first prime minister of Malaya, but also as its foreign minister.
The formation of Malaysia was one of Abdul Rahman's greatest achievements. In 1961 he made a
speech at the Foreign Correspondents Association of Southeast Asia in Singapore, proposing a
federation Malaya, Singapore, Sabah, Sarawak, and Brunei. On 16 September 1963, with the
federation of all these states except Brunei, Abdul Rahman was formally restyled Prime Minister of
Malaysia.

However, the racial factor was worsened with the inclusion of Singapore, which increased the
Chinese proportion to more than 40%. Both UMNO and the MCA were nervous about the possible
appeal of Lee Kuan Yew's People's Action Party (PAP, then seen as a radical socialist party) to
voters in Malaya, and tried to organise a party in Singapore to challenge Lee's position there. Lee in
turn threatened to run PAP candidates in Malaya at the 1964 federal elections, despite an earlier
agreement that he would not do so (see PAP-UMNO relations). This provoked Abdul Rahman to
demand that Singapore be permanently removed from the union of Malaysia. This order lead to the
development of the Independence of Singapore Agreement 1965 which achieved total
independence for Singapore from Malaysia in that one move.

On 7 August 1965, Abdul Rahman announced to the Parliament of Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur that it
should vote yes on the resolution to have Singapore be put out of the Federation, choosing to "sever
all ties with a State Government that showed no measure of loyalty to its Central Government" as
opposed to the undesirable method of repressing the PAP or seeking common ground through
continued discussions. Singapore's secession and independence became official on 9 August 1965.
In hindsight it was an outcome that fared well for all political interests concerned.

At the 1969 general election, the Alliance's majority was greatly reduced. Demonstrations following
the elections sparked the 13 May racial riots in Kuala Lumpur. Some UMNO leaders led by Tun
Abdul Razak were critical of Abdul Rahman's leadership during these events, and an emergency
committee MAGERAN took power and declared a state of emergency.

Abdul Rahman's powers as Prime Minister were severely curtailed, and on 22 September 1970, he
was forced to resign as Prime Minister in favour of Abdul Razak. He subsequently resigned as
UMNO President in June 1971, in the midst of severe opposition of the 'Young Turks' comprising
party rebels such as Mahathir Mohammad and Musa Hitam. The duo later became Prime Minister
and Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia respectively.
  Who do you see as having a successful leadership style, and
why do you consider him/her a successful leader.

George Bush's Childhood and Education:

Born on June 12, 1924 in Milton, Massachusetts, George Bush's

family moved to a suburb of New York City where he was raised.
His family was very wealthy, having numerous servants. Bush
attended private schools. After high school he joined the military
to fight in World War II before going to Yale University. He
graduated with honors in 1948 with a degree in economics.

Family Ties:

Father: Prescott S. Bush - Wealthy businessman and Senator.

Mother: Dorothy Walker Bush
Siblings: Three brothers - Prescott Bush, Jonathan Bush, and
William "Buck" Bush and one sister - Nancy Ellis.
Wife: Barbara Pierce.
Children: Four sons and one daughter - George W. Bush: 43rd
President of the U.S.; John F. "Jeb" Bush - Governor of Florida;
Neil M. Bush; Marvin P. Bush; Dorothy W. "Doro" Bush.

George Bush's Military Career:

Before going to college, Bush signed up to join the navy and fight
in World War II. He rose to the level of lieutenant. He was a navy
pilot flying 58 combat missions in the Pacific. He was injured
bailing out of his burning aircraft during a mission and was
rescued by a submarine.

Life and Career Before the Presidency:

Bush began his career in 1948 working in the oil industry in

Texas and created a lucrative career for himself. He became
active in the Republican party. In 1967, he won a seat in the U.S.
House of Representatives. In 1971, he was U.S. Ambassador to
the United Nations. He served as the chairman of the Republican
National Committee (1973-4). He was the Chief Liaison to China
under Ford. From 1976-77, he served as the Director of the CIA.
From 1981-89, he served as Vice President under Reagan
Becoming the President:
Bush gained the nomination in 1988 to run for president. Bush
chose Dan Quayle to run as Vice President. He was opposed by
Democrat Michael Dukakis. The campaign was extremely
negative and centered around attacks instead of plans for the
future. Bush won with 54% of the popular vote and 426 out of 537
electoral votes.
Life After the Presidency:

When Bush lost in the 1992 election to Bill Clinton, he retired

from public service. He has joined with Bill Clinton since the
latter's retirement from the presidency to raise money for victims
of the tsunami that hit in Thailand (2004) and Hurricane Katrina
(2005).
Historical Significance:

Bush was president when the Berlin Wall fell, and the Soviet
Union fell apart. He sent troops into Kuwait to help fight Iraq and
Saddam Hussein in the First Persian Gulf War. In 1989, he also
ordered the removal of General Noriega from power in Panama by
sending troops in.

Events and Accomplishments of George Bush’s Presidency:

Much of George Bush's attention was focussed on foreign

policies. In December, 1989, Bush sent troops into Panama to
depose General Manuel Noriega. Noriega was heavily involved in
drug trafficking. The attack was a success with Noriega removed
from power.

From 1990-91, the U.S. and a United Nations Coalition were sent
to Kuwait to remove Iraqi invading forces. This action was given
the name Desert Storm. When the Iraqi forces were removed from
Kuwait, Bush stopped all military activity and did not pursue
deposing Saddam Hussein.

From 1990-91, the Soviet Union began breaking up as the

Communist Party let go of its stranglehold on the country. The
Berlin Wall came done in 1990.

Economically, Bush had boxed himself into a corner with his

campaign promise, "Read my lips: No new taxes." However, he
was required to sign a bill into law to raise taxes to try and
reduce the deficit.

In 1989, many savings and loans were failing. Bush signed into
law a bail out plan paid for by taxpayers.