Conner Stauffer

Dr. Shea

History of Short Stories

October 11th, 2023

Literary Emotions to Understanding Humility

Literature has always been a powerful way for authors to employ different rhetorical

devices to portray their messages and play with the emotions of a reader. This essay explores the

use of rhetorical strategies in five diverse literary works: "Interpreter of Maladies" by Jhumpa

Lahiri, "The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, "The Rematch" by B.J. Novak,

"The Little Mermaid" by Hans Christian Andersen, and "The Tell-Tale Heart" by Edgar Allan

Poe. Through the lens of rhetoric, these stories are examined to uncover hidden truths and

insights through metaphors, explores what it means to be human, and helps understand the

complexity of communication.

The power of symbolism and metaphors is found everywhere in our short stories. In "The

Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Gilman, the author use powerful symbolism and metaphor to

convey the protagonist's mental decline. The yellow wallpaper in the story symbolizes the

deteriorating mental state of the wife. Initially, it represents an unimportant aesthetic issue, but as

the story unfolds, it transforms into a metaphor for her own entrapment within societal norms.

The metaphorical significance of the woman trapped behind the wallpaper mirrors her

psychological entrapment, an interesting illustration of the story's hidden meaning. Similarly, in

Edgar Allan Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart," the author makes skillful use of metaphor to dive into

the narrator's guilt and obsession. The vulture eye, described repeatedly as "evil," symbolizes the

narrator's inner uneasiness and strange obsession with the old man's eye. This metaphor
expresses the narrator's mental decline into madness and guilt, effectively revealing hidden

aspects of the human psyche. Furthermore, the beating heart hidden beneath the floorboards is

not just a physical organ but serves as a metaphor for the narrator's deteriorating mental state,

becoming a constant reminder of his guilt. This symbolism reinforces the story's theme of

reoccurring burden of guilt. Incorporating Scriptural principles into this analysis, "The Yellow

Wallpaper" can be interpreted in the context of the confinement and oppression of women.

Acting as the same concept of liberation found in biblical teachings. The story raises questions

about the role of women in society and how societal norms can lead to their mental suffering.

Similarly, "The Tell-Tale Heart" allows for reflection on the nature of sin and the consequences

of one's actions; this sort of echo’s biblical themes of conscience and retribution. The narrator's

descent into madness and eventual confession aligns with the biblical idea of the guilty

conscience seeking resolution.

Next, the exploration of human nature. In B.J. Novak's "The Rematch," the author uses

humor and satire to explore the human tendency to underestimate others. The hare's

overconfidence and the tortoise's determination highlight the complexities of human behavior.

Through humor, Novak reveals hidden truths about arrogance and experiencing unpredictable

outcomes. This humorous narrative encourages readers to reconsider their assumptions and

judgments. On a biblical note, "The Rematch" illustrates the concept of humility and the feeling

of pride, aligning with biblical teachings on the virtues of humility and modesty. The hare's

prideful nature leads to his downfall, which is a moral lesson that is constantly told of biblically.

Hans Christian Andersen's "The Little Mermaid" explores themes of love and selflessness

through the mermaid's sacrifice and transformation. Andersen uses the metaphor of the

mermaid's voice, symbolizing her identity, which she willingly gives up for love. This
selflessness becomes a powerful message about the transforming power of love and the sacrifices

one may make for it. The story's moral depth is displayed through its use of metaphor. From a

Scriptural perspective, "The Little Mermaid" reflects the biblical theme of self-sacrifice and the

transformative power of love. The mermaid's decision to sacrifice her voice for love parallels

Christian teachings on selflessness and the redemptive nature of love.

Finally, the Complexity of Communication. In "Interpreter of Maladies" by Jhumpa

Lahiri, the author explores the difficulties of communication and connection through the

character of Mr. Kapasi, a tour guide and translator. Mr. Kapasi's failed communication with

Mrs. Das reveals the barriers of language and bridging emotional gaps. This breakdown in

communication highlights the struggles within the characters and the broader theme of human

disconnection. "Interpreter of Maladies" underscores the importance of effective communication

and understanding, resonating with biblical teachings on empathy and compassion. It serves as a

reminder that meaningful connections require genuine effort and empathy.

Coming to a consensus in the understanding of each literary works, the authors skillfully

use rhetorical devices to bring light to the hidden truths about human nature, society, and

morality. Through symbolism, metaphor, humor, and communication, these narratives engage

readers on vast levels. Moreover, by looking at Scriptural principles, we gain a deeper

understanding of the ethical and moral meanings of these stories. Literature, as a reflection of the

human experience, continues to be a powerful tool for uncovering insights and truths that stick

with readers across time and culture.