TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR.

OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.

IMPORTANT LEGAL INFORMATION

The handouts, videos and other review materials, provided by Topnotch Medical Board
Preparation Incorporated are duly protected by RA 8293 otherwise known as the
Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, and shall only be for the sole use of the person:
a) whose name appear on the handout or review material, b) person subscribed to Topnotch
Medical Board Preparation Incorporated Program or c) is the recipient of this electronic
communication. No part of the handout, video or other review material may be reproduced,
shared, sold and distributed through any printed form, audio or video recording, electronic
medium or machine-readable form, in whole or in part without the written consent of
Topnotch Medical Board Preparation Incorporated. Any violation and or infringement,
whether intended or otherwise shall be subject to legal action and prosecution to the full
extent guaranteed by law.

DISCLOSURE
The handouts/review materials must be treated with utmost confidentiality. It shall be the
responsibility of the person, whose name appears therein, that the handouts/review
materials are not photocopied or in any way reproduced, shared or lent to any person or
disposed in any manner. Any handout/review material found in the possession of another
person whose name does not appear therein shall be prima facie evidence of violation of RA
8293. Topnotch review materials are updated every six (6) months based on the current
trends and feedback. Please buy all recommended review books and other materials listed
below.
THIS HANDOUT IS NOT FOR SALE!

This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch.
This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch
since we update our handouts regularly.

ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY

BUZZWORDS
By Edroico Mari B. Brillante, MD

NEUROANATOMY
OCULOMOTOR NERVE
PALSY
Midbrain lesion. Describe the
• “Down and out eyeballs”
eye manifestations.
• Ptosis Middle Cerebral Artery
• Mydriasis Lenticulostriate artery
Basal Ganglia
CN# NAME FUNCTION CNS ENTRY/EXIT
I Olfactory Sensory Telencephalon
II Optic Sensory Diencephalon
III Oculomotor Motor
Midbrain
IV Trochlear Motor
V Trigeminal Mixed Pons
VI Abducens Motor
Junction between
VII Facial Mixed
pons and medulla
VIII Vestibulocochlear Sensory
IX Glossopharyngeal Mixed
Medulla
X Vagus Mixed
XI Accessory Motor Spinal cord
XII Hypoglossal Motor Medulla Contralateral leg weakness. ANTERIOR CEREBRAL
Infarction of what artery: ARTERY

AFFECTED
AREA SUPPLIED PRESENTATION
ARTERY
Anterior Motor & sensory Contralateral paralysis
cerebral cortices of the and sensory loss of
artery lower limb lower limb
Contralateral paralysis
and sensory loss of face
Motor & sensory and upper limb
Middle cortices of the
cerebral upper limb and If stroke in dominant
artery face, temporal hemisphere = aphasia; if
lobe & frontal lobe stroke in nondominant
hemisphere =
hemineglect
Posterior Contralateral
A patient hit on the back of his cerebral Occipital lobe hemianopia with
head. What vessel is VERTEBRAL ARTERY artery macular sparing
ruptured?

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 1 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
ORGAN 2/3 1/3
External Acoustic
Bone Cartilage
Meatus
Eustachian Tube Cartilage Bone
Tongue
CN VII CN IX
innervation

Frontal sinus drainage: Middle Meatus

STRUCTURES (SUPERIOR
STRUCTURES DRAINED
TO INFERIOR)
Spheno-ethmoidal recess • Sphenoidal sinus
Superior nasal concha
Superior meatus • Posterior ethmoidal sinus
Edinger-Westphal nucleus OCULOMOTOR NERVE Middle nasal concha
• Anterior ethmoidal sinus
• Middle ethmoidal sinus
Middle meatus
• Maxillary sinus
• Frontal sinus
Inferior nasal concha
Inferior meatus • Nasolacrimal duct

AFFERENT EFFERENT
REFLEXES
NERVE NERVE
Pupillary Light
Optic Nerve Oculomotor Nerve
Reflex
Trigeminal Nerve
Corneal Reflex Facial Nerve
(V1)
Trigeminal Nerve
Sneeze Reflex Vagus nerve
(V2)
Trigeminal Nerve
Jaw Jerk Reflex Trigeminal Nerve
(V3)
Glossopharyngeal
Gag Reflex Vagus Nerve
Nerve
Carotid Sinus & Glossopharyngeal
Vagus Nerve
Body Reflexes Nerve
Vestibulo-ocular Vestibulocochlear
EOM nerves
reflex Nerve

MUSCULOSKELETAL
Most distal supply of the
Branches
CN Nucleus Ganglion Distribution brachial plexus
Edinger Ciliary muscle and
III Ciliary BUZZWORD NERVE AFFECTED
Westphal sphincter pupillae
Lacrimal gland and Scapular winging Long thoracic nerve
VII Lacrimal Pterygopalatine glands in palate and Upper trunk of brachial
Burner or stinger
nose plexus
Superior Submandibular and Upper trunk of brachial
VII Submandibular Erb-Duchenne palsy
salivatory Sublingual glands plexus
Inferior Lower trunk of brachial
IX Otic Parotid gland Klumpke palsy
salivatory plexus
Lower trunk of brachial
Pancoast tumor
Anterior pituitary is derived plexus
RATHKE’S POUCH Tunnel of Guyon Ulnar nerve
from:
Ligament of Struthers Ulnar nerve
ANTERIOR POSTERIOR Medial intermuscular septum
Ulnar nerve
(Adenohypophysis) (Neurohypophysis) or arcade of Struthers
Hypophysial pouch Neurohypophysial Cubital tunnel Ulnar nerve
(Rathke’s pouch): bud: downgrowth Radial tunnel syndrome Deep branch, radial nerve
Origin
upgrowth from roof of from the forebrain Arcade of Frohse Radial nerve
primitive mouth (diencephalon) Tendinous origin of extensor
• Pars nervosa Radial nerve
carpi radialis brevis
• Pars distalis o ADH
Distal edge of supinator Radial nerve
Acidophils Basophils o Oxytocin
GH FSH Releases ADH and Vascular leash of Henry Radial nerve
PRL LH oxytocin which are Ill-fitting axillary crutches Radial nerve
Secretions Fractures of proximal
TSH produced in the Radial nerve
ACTH supraoptic and humerus and humeral shaft
• Pars intermedia: paraventricular Prolonged application of
Radial nerve
o MSH nuclei of the tourniquet
hypothalamus Pressure of the back of the
arm on the edge of operating Radial nerve
Brain sands / Corpora table
Pineal Gland
arenacea Wrist-drop Radial nerve
2/3 Anterior: CN VII Kiloh-Nevin syndrome Anterior interosseus nerve
Tongue innervation:
1/3 Posterior: CN IX Dog handler’s syndrome Superficial radial nerve
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 2 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
BUZZWORD NERVE AFFECTED
Cheiralgia paresthetica Superficial radial nerve
Handcuff palsy Superficial radial nerve
Wartenberg’s disease Superficial radial nerve
Saturday night palsy Radial nerve
Pronator teres syndrome Median nerve
Carpal tunnel syndrome Median nerve
Supracondylar fracture of
Median nerve
humerus
Lunate dislocation Median nerve
Hand of benediction Median nerve
Ape hand deformity Median nerve

Lateral part of the antecubital Radial Nerve

fossa

ARRANGEMENT OF Fracture of the medial

AREA DIRECTION
STRUCTURES epicondyle involves what Ulnar Nerve
Radial Nerve nerve?
Antecubital
Lateral to Biceps Tendon
Fossa
Medial Brachial Artery
(RN TAN)
Median Nerve
Inferior Portion
V – Intercostal Vein
of Ribs Superior to
A – Intercostal Artery
(COSTAL = Inferior
N – Intercostal Nerve
VAN)
N – Femoral Nerve
Femoral
A – Femoral Artery
Triangle
Lateral to V – Femoral Vein
(FEMales
Medial E – Empty space
showing
L – Inguinal Lymph
NAVEL)
Nodes
N – Common Fibular /
Hernia MEDIAL to the inferior
Popliteal Area Peroneal Nerve DIRECT Inguinal Hernia
Lateral to epigastric vessels
(POPS like to N – Tibial Nerve
Medial
watch NNVA) V – Popliteal Vein Quadriceps Femoris Femoral Nerve
A – Popliteal Artery

Foot drop: Common Peroneal Nerve

BUZZWORD AFFECTED NERVE

Wrist drop Radial nerve
Claw hand Ulnar nerve
Paresthesia (ring + little
Ulnar nerve
finger)
Paresthesia (middle + index +
Median nerve
thumb)
Humeral neck fracture Axillary nerve
Humeral shaft fracture Radial nerve
Median nerve (Anterior
Supracondylar fracture
interosseous nerve branch)
Saturday night palsy/ Crutch
Radial nerve
palsy
Winging of scapula Long thoracic nerve
Dropped scapula Accessory nerve
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 3 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
BUZZWORD AFFECTED NERVE REMEMBER the variations in venous drainage:
Femoral neck fracture Sciatic nerve Ovarian vein Right Directly to IVC
Acetabular fracture Sciatic nerve Testicular vein
Left Left renal vein → IVC
Adrenal / Suprarenal vein
Sciatic/ Common & Deep
Foot drop
Peroneal nerve Nodes affected in pathologies
Superficial Inguinal LN
Loss of sensation (medial side of the vulva:
Saphenous nerve
foot)
Loss of sensation (lateral side BUZZWORD LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
Sural nerve
foot) Ovary & Testis Para-aortic lymph nodes
Paresthesia (Glove and Superficial inguinal lymph
Diabetes mellitus Scrotum & Vulva
stocking pattern) nodes
Deep cervical à Jugular
Posterior oropharynx
Extensor Pollicis Brevis lymph nodes
(EPB) Medial malleolus Inguinal lymph nodes
DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis:
Abductor Pollicis Longus Popliteal à Inguinal lymph
Lateral malleolus
(APL) nodes

BUZZWORD UPPER LIMB INJURY Gland located below the

Skene’s gland
Tennis Elbow Lateral Epicondylitis urethra:
Golfers Elbow Medial epicondylitis
Dupuytren’s contracture Thickened palmar fascia

Muscles transected in median

Perineal body
episiotomy

MALE REPRODUCTIVE
Produces testosterone: Leydig cells
• 3 Arteries
• 2 Nerves
Contents of the spermatic
• 2 Others
cord
• 1 Vein
• 1 Lymphatic Vessel
It’s easier to remember the contents of the spermatic cord this way:
3 Arteries → testicular artery, cremasteric artery, artery of vas deferens
2 Nerves → autonomic nerves, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
2 Others → vas deferens, processus vaginalis
1 Vein → testicular veins
1 Lymphatic vessel → testicular lymph vessels
Location of adult breast: 2nd to 6th rib Make sure your total content is always 9 in number.
Drainage of the right ovarian
Inferior Vena Cava Internal spermatic fascia Transversalis Fascia
vein:

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 4 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.

GASTROINTESTINAL
Aortic opening in the
T12
diaphragm:

Superior – Gastroduodenal
Pancreaticoduodenal artery Inferior – Superior
Mesenteric
Crypts of Lieberkuhn: Intestines

HEAD AND NECK

Socket for the eyeball Tenon’s fascia

Peyer’s patches Ileum

Gall bladder fundus is at what
9th
rib level:

LEVEL STRUCTURE ASSOCIATED

C3 Hyoid Bone
Cricoid Cartilage
C6
Start of Trachea and Esophagus
C6 – T4 Trachea
C6 – T10 Esophagus
T3 – T4 Manubrium
T5 – T8 Heart
5th ICS MCL Apex of Heart
5th ICS MAL Pleural tap
9th Costal
Gallbladder fundus
Cartilage 1/3 Cartilage, 2/3 bone Eustachian Tube
T9 – T10 Xiphoid process
T10 – L3 Stomach
ORGAN 2/3 1/3
L1 Transpyloric plane
External Acoustic Meatus Bone Cartilage
L1– L3 Duodenum
Eustachian Tube Cartilage Bone
T12 – L3 Kidneys
Tongue innervation CN VII CN IX
L1 End of Spinal Cord in Adults
L2 Ureteropelvic Junction
Maxillary Alveolar Process
Iliac Crest Le Fort I
L4 Fracture
Bifurcation of Abdominal Aorta
L5 Trans/ Intertubercular Plane
S2 ASIS, PSIS

Most mobile part of the

Superior
duodenum:

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 5 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.

CARDIOVASCULAR AND HEMATOLOGY Moderator band is found in: Right Ventricle

Accompanying vein of
posterior interventricular Middle cardiac vein
artery:

VEIN ARTERY
Great Cardiac vein Anterior Interventricular artery
Middle Cardiac vein Posterior Interventricular artery
Small Cardiac vein Right Marginal artery

Auscultatory location of Left lower end of

tricuspid valve: parasternal border

Frosted-glass cytoplasm Monocytes

Distribution & Main Functions of the Cells of the

Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Cell Type Major Location Main Function
Precursor of
Monocyte Blood
macrophages
CT, Lymphoid
organs, lungs, bone
Production of
Macrophage marrow, pleural
cytokines, chemotactic
and peritoneal
factors, & several
cavities
other molecules
Liver participating in
Kupffer Cell
(perisinusoidal) inflammation, antigen
Azygos vein drains to: Superior Vena Cava processing, and
Microglial Central nervous presentation
Cell system

Langerhans
Epidermis of skin
Cell Antigen processing
Dendritic Lymph nodes, and presentation
Cell spleen
Localized digestion of
Osteoclast Bone
bone matrix
In CT under various Segregation and
Multinuclear
pathological digestion of foreign
Giant Cell
conditions bodies

RESPIRATORY
Inferior border of the
Oblique fissure
superior lobe of the left lung:

ENDOCRINE
Calcitonin is produced by: Parafollicular cells
Active hormonal gland found
Pancreas
in retroperitoneal space:

TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 6 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.
 TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or https://www.facebook.com/topnotchmedicalboardprep/
This handout is only valid for October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.

LYMPHATICS

Part of the bladder near the

Apex
symphysis pubis:

Lymph nodes harvested from

Bronchopulmonary / Hilar
the thorax just after entering
Lymph Nodes
the pulmonary hilum:

• Ureteropelvic Junction
Ureter constrictions • Over pelvic brim
• Ureterovesical junction
Accompanied by Uterine
Female Ureter
Artery

INTEGUMENTARY
Sudoriferous glands Sweat glands

Cords of Billroth are located in Scalp layer. Wound gaping: Aponeurosis

Reed pulp, spleen
what organ?
Lymph node level, thyroid
Cervical Lymph Node V
cancer drains first:

BUZZWORD LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE

Oral Cavity and Lips Levels I, II, III
Oropharynx, Hypopharynx,
Levels II, III, and IV
Larynx
Nasopharynx and Thyroid Level V
Ovary & Testis Para-aortic lymph nodes
Superficial inguinal lymph
Scrotum & Vulva
nodes
Deep cervical à Jugular
Posterior oropharynx
lymph nodes
Medial malleolus Inguinal lymph nodes
Popliteal à Inguinal lymph
Lateral malleolus
nodes

UROGENITAL
END OF ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY BUZZWORDS
Blood supply of the perineum Internal pudendal artery
TOPNOTCH MEDICAL BOARD PREP ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY HANDOUT BY DR. OICO BRILLANTE Page 7 of 7
For inquiries visit www.topnotchboardprep.com.ph or email us at topnotchmedicalboardprep@gmail.com
This handout is only valid for the October 2023 PLE batch. This will be rendered obsolete for the next batch since we update our handouts regularly.