Faculty of Hydrocarbons and Chemistry

University of Boumerdes

TP 02 – Vibrations and waves:

Damped Oscillations in RLC circuits

ETUDIANTS: m’essadi khalil

Bourdachi houssameddine
Specialty : MC

1
 2023/2024
Introduction:
This experiment explores damped oscillations in RLC circuits by varying
resistance and observing the resulting behavior on an oscilloscope. Analyzing
critical parameters like resistance levels, natural frequencies, and damping
factors aims to uncover the intricate dynamics between the circuit's
components, providing insights into damped oscillation behaviors in electrical
systems.
Definitions:
 Critical resistance Rc: The minimum resistance in a circuit that results in
critically damped behavior without oscillation.

 Undamped natural period Ta: The time it takes for an undamped system to
complete one full oscillation.

 Damping factor δ: The ratio between the actual damping in a system and
the critical damping value.

 Quality factor Q: The ratio of energy stored to energy dissipated per cycle
in an oscillator or resonator.

 Natural frequency ω0: The frequency at which an undamped system would

oscillate if not subjected to any damping forces.

Equipment & Components :

2
Procedure:
1- Critically damped case:
a- Critical resistance Rc:
Rc = 3x1000 = 3000Ω
b- Inductance the of the coil L1:
2 2
δ 0 − ωa =0 →ω a=δ 0

Rc 2 π
→ =
2L T
−6
Rc . T 3000 ∗12 ∗10 −3
L= = =2.864 ∗10 H
4π 4π

2- Under damped case:

a- Undamped natural period Ta:
From the underdamped graph we get: Ta = 12*10− 6s
Logarithmic Decrement D:

D=
1
n (
ln
)
q (t ) 1 1.2 ∗ 1.89
= ln
q ( t+ nTa ) 2 10.2 ∗ 1.89
=0 ,89

b- Damped natural frequency :

2π
Ѡa =
6
=0.523 ∗ 10 Hz
Ta

c- Damping factor :
D 5 −1
δ= =0.741∗ 10 s
Ta

d- Quality factor Q:
3
 ω0
ωa=√ ω 0 − δ →ω 0=√ δ + ωa =0 ,528 ∙ 10 → Q=
2 2 2 2 6
=3 ,5 6
2δ

e- Natural frequency :
6
ω 0=Q ∗2 δ=0 , 528 ∙10

f- Inductance of the coil L2:

ω 0=
√ 1
L∗c
→ L=
1
2
ω0 ∗c
=1,095∙ 10− 3 H

g- Total Resistance RT2:

Rt
δ= → Rt =δ 2 L=¿162,279Ω
2L

h- Wire Resistance:
Rt = Rg + Rwire + r + Rv
We have Rv=0:
Rwire = Rt – Rg – r = 162,279 – 50 – 35 = 77.279Ω
Conclusion :
We notice that the resistance of the wire is way too big.