7/4/23, 2:18 PM Advanced Signals & Systems Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry

Signals & Systems Questions and Answers –

Miscellaneous Examples on Fourier Series
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This set of Advanced Signals & Systems Questions and Answers focuses on “Miscellaneous Examples
on Fourier Series”.

1. A signal g (t) = 10 sin (12πt) is ___________

a) A periodic signal with period 6 s
b) A periodic signal with period s 10

c) A periodic signal with period s 1

d) An aperiodic signal
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: 10 sin (12πt) = A sin ωt
∴ω = 12π
∴ 2πf = 1
So, fundamental frequency = 6
Hence, fundamental period = s. 1

2. A voltage having the waveform of a sine curve is applied across a capacitor. When the frequency of
the voltage is increased, what happens to the current through the capacitor?
a) Increases
b) Decreases
c) Remains same
d) Is zero
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The current through the capacitor is given by,
IC = ωCV cos (ωt + 90°).
As the frequency is increased, IC also increases.
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3. What is the steady state value of F (t), if it is known that F (s) = 2

s(S+1)(s+2)(s+3)
?
a) 1

b) 1

c) 1

d) Cannot be determined
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: From the equation of F(s), we can infer that, a simple pole is at origin and all other poles
are having negative real part.
∴ F(∞) = lim s→0 sF(s)
= lim s→0 2s

s(S+1)(s+2)(s+3)

= 2

s(S+1)(s+2)(s+3)

= 2

6
=
1

3
.

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4. What is the steady state value of F (t), if it is known that F(s) = 10

2
(s+1)(s +1)
?
a) -5
b) 5
c) 10

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d) Cannot be determined
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The steady state value of this Laplace transform is cannot be determined since; F(s) is
having two poles on the imaginary axis (j and –j). Hence the answer is that it cannot be determined.

5. A periodic rectangular signal X (t) has the waveform as shown below. The frequency of the fifth
harmonic of its spectrum is ______________

a) 40 Hz
b) 200 Hz
c) 250 Hz
d) 1250 Hz
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Periodic time = 4 ms = 4 × 10-3
3

Fundamental frequency = = 250 Hz

10

∴ Frequency of the fifth harmonic = 250 × 5 = 1250 Hz.

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6. A CRO probe has an impedance of 500 kΩ in parallel with a capacitance of 10 pF. The probe is used
to measure the voltage between P and Q as shown in the figure. The measured voltage will be?
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a) 3.53 V
b) 3.47 V
c) 5.54 V
d) 7.00 V
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: X 1 −j
C = =
3 −12
jC ω 2×3.14×100×10 ×10×10

Applying KCL at the node,

V a −10 Va Va Va
+ + +
100 100 500 −j159

∴ Va = 4.37∠-15.95°.

7. The Fourier series coefficient of the signal z(t) = Re{x(t)} is ____________

X[k]+X[−k]
a) 2
X[k]−X[−k]
b) 2
∗
X[k]+X [−k]
c) 2
∗
X[k]−X [−k]
d) 2

View Answer

Answer: c
∗
x(t)+x (−t)
Explanation: Re{x (t)} = 2

The Fourier coefficient of x* (t) is

X1[k] = ∫ x* (t)e-jkωt dt = X [-k]
1

T
∗
1

Or, X [k] = ∫ x(t)ejkωt dt = X [-k]

1
∗ 1

So, X1[k] = X [-k] ∗

1
∗
X[k]+X [−k]
∴ Z[k] = 2
.

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8. The Fourier series expansion of a real periodic signal with fundamental frequency f0 is given by gp (t)
=∑ . Given that C3 = 3 + j5. The value of C-3 is ______________
∞ j2πnf0 t
C e n
n=−∞

a) 5 + 3j
b) -5 + 3j
c) -3 – j5
d) 3 – j5
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Given that C3 = 3 + j5.
We know that for real periodic signal C-k = C ∗
k

So, C-3 = C = 3 – j5.

∗
3

9. A signal e-at sin (ωt) is the input to a real linear time invariant system. Given K and ∅ are constants,
the output of the system will be of the form Ke-bt sin (vt + ∅). The correct statement among the
following is __________
a) b need not be equal to a but v must be equal to ω
b) v need not be equal to ω but b must be equal to a
c) b must be equal to a and v must be equal to ω
d) b need not be equal to a and v need not be equal to ω
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: For a system with input e-at sin (ωt) and output Ke-bt sin (v t + ∅), frequency (v) to output

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must be equal to input frequency (ω) while b will depend on system parameters and need not be
equal to a.

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10. Let us suppose that the impulse response of a causal LTI system is given as h (t). Now, consider the
following two statements:
Statement 1- Principle of superposition holds
Statement 2- h (t) = 0(for t<0)
Which of the following is correct?
a) Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is wrong
b) Statement 2 is correct and Statement 1 is wrong
c) Both Statement 1 and Statement 2 are wrong
d) Both statement 1 and Statement 2 are correct
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: As we know that linear system possesses superposition theorem.
Hence, Statement 1 satisfies the given equation. We also know that time invariant condition depend
on time.
Hence, Statement 2 satisfies the given equation.

11. The Fourier series representation of an impulse train denoted by s(t) = ∑ ∞

n=−∞
δ(t − nT0 ) is
given by _____________
a) 1 ∞ j2πnt
∑ exp(− )
T0 n=−∞ T0

b) 1 ∞ jπnt
∑ exp(− )
T0 n=−∞ T0

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c) 1 ∞ jπnt
∑ exp( )
T0 n=−∞ T0

d) 1 ∞ j2πnt
∑ exp( )
T0 n=−∞ T0

View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: s (t) = ∑ , where ω0=(2T/T0)
∞ jnω0 t
Cn e
n=−∞
T
0

And Cn = 1

T0
∫
T
δ(t)e
−jnω0 t
dt
0
−
2
−jnω t

= 1.e 0

T0

So, Fourier series representation = .

1 ∞ jπnt
∑ exp(− )
T0 n=−∞ T0

12. For which of the following a Fourier series cannot be defined?

a) 3 sin (25t)
b) 4 cos (20t + 3) + 2 sin (710t)
c) exp(-|t|) sin (25t)
d) 1
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: 3 sin (25) = 25
4 cos (20 + 3) + 2sin (710) sum of two periodic function is also periodic function
For 1 which is a constant, Fourier series exists.
For exp (-|t|) sin (25t), due to decaying exponential decaying function, it is not periodic. So Fourier
series cannot be defined for it.

13. The RMS value of a rectangular wave of period T, having a value of +V for a duration T1 (< T) and −V
for the duration T − T1 = T2, equals _____________
a) V
b) √2
V

c) V
T 1 −T 2

d) V
T1

T2

View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Period = T = T1 + T2
−−−−−−−−−−
RMS value = √ 1 T
2
∫ x (t)dt
T 0

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−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
=√ 1

T
[V
2
. (T1 – 0) + V
2
(T – T1 )]

−
−−
= √V 2

= V.

14. A periodic square wave is formed by rectangular pulses ranging from -1 to +1 and period = 2 units.
The ratio of the power in the 7th harmonic to the power in the 5th harmonic for this waveform is equal
to ____________
a) 1
b) 0.5
c) 2
d) 2.5
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: For a periodic square wave nth harmonic component ∝ 1

Thus the power in the nth harmonic component is ∝ n

1
2

∴ Ratio of power in 7th harmonic to 5th harmonic for the given wage form =
2
7

2
5

= 25

4
≅ 0.5.

15. A useful property of the unit impulse 6 (t) is ________________

a) 6 (at) = a 6 (t)
b) 6 (at) = 6 (t)
c) 6 (at) = 6(t) 1

d) 6(at) = [6(t)]a
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Time-scaling property of 6(t)
We know that by this property,
6(at) = 6(t), a>01

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