Parts and Functions of the

Human Body
Lesson 1: The Major Organs of the Body
 The Major Organs of the Body

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:
1. identify the major organs of the body;
2. describe the main function of the major organs;
3. demonstrate ways on how to take care of
the major organs of the body: and
4. understand the importance of maintaining a healthy
lifestyle to keep the organs healthy.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Brain
 The Major Organs of the Body

Brain Game!
 The Major Organs of the Body

What makes up
organs?
Cells are basic units of life.
These are the smallest structures
in the body which cannot be seen
by the naked eye.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Different tissues that

work together to achieve
a certain bodily function
make up an organ.
Organs make up
different organ systems.
The heart is an organ made
of different muscle tissues.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Brain
The Brain is “the control center of
the body “. It is the main organ of
the nervous system.

It is located inside the head and

protected by the skull.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Parts of the Brain

The brain has three main
parts:
1. Cerebrum
2. Cerebellum
3. Medulla Oblongata
 The Major Organs of the Body

Parts and functions of

the Brain
CEREBRUM
The largest part of the brain. It
functions for sensation, emotion,
thinking, reasoning, intelligence,
memory and speech. Its focus is more
on the thought processes of the brain.
 The Major Organs of the Body

CEREBRUM
The brain controls and
accepts information from
the sense organs.
The sense organs are the
eyes, nose, ears, tongue,
and skin.
 The Major Organs of the Body

CEREBRUM
The brain allows us to think,
dream, reason, and
experience emotions.
 The Major Organs of the Body

CEREBELLUM
The cerebellum controls balance
and movement, may it be
voluntary movement such as
speech, or involuntary movement
such as posture.
The cerebellum also connects o
the medulla oblongata.
 The Major Organs of the Body

CEREBELLUM
The brain controls movement such
as talking, walking, and running
 The Major Organs of the Body

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

The Medulla Oblongata is also

called the brainstem. It handles
involuntary functions that are
essential to life, like heart rate,
breathing, and digestion.
Furthermore, it is responsible for
reflex actions like sneezing,
coughing, and blinking.
 The Major Organs of the Body

MEDULLA OBLONGATA

The brain controls

body temperature,
blood pressure, heart
rate, and breathing.
 The Major Organs of the Body
Activity 1 https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/Scie
nce/Body_organs/Major_Organs_yi15308tc
 The Major Organs of the Body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I7wfDenj6CQ
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Heart
 The Major Organs of the Body

The heart is located

inside the chest. It is
protected, together
with the lungs, by the
ribcage. It is
approximately the size
of a large fist.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The heart is considered

as one of the most
important organs in the
body and the main organ
of the circulatory
system.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The heart pumps blood that

circulates in the body.
Blood transports oxygen and
nutrients. These are needed
for the body to function.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Blood also collects

body wastes as it
circulates. Collected
waste is then utilized
to be ready for
excretion.
 The Major Organs of the Body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruM4Xxhx32U
The Major Organs of the Body

The Liver
 The Major Organs of the Body

Liver
The liver is the largest
internal organ in the body.
It is located below the
diaphragm and above the Stomach
stomach and intestines. Intestines
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Liver is a part of the digestive system

with important functions.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Functions of the Liver

1. The liver digests and stores nutrients.
2. The liver converts fat to energy we can use.
3. It helps maintain consistency in blood sugar levels.
4. The liver produces proteins.
5. The liver filters and detoxifies blood.
6. The liver filters and detoxifies blood.
 The Major Organs of the Body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbh3SjzydnQ
The Major Organs of the Body

The Lungs
 The Major Organs of the Body

The lungs are located

inside the chest,
protected by the rib
cage.
They are also covered
by a sac called pleura,
which contain fluids to
cushions it.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Parts of the Lungs Right lung Lobes Left lung Lobes

The left lung has two

lobes, smaller to allow
space for the heart.

The right lung has three

lobes.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Function of the Lungs

The lungs are responsible
for providing adequate
supply of oxygen to the
body through respiration.
Respiration is another
term for breathing.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The lungs are the main

organ of the respiratory
system.
Other organs in the
system help the lungs
perform their function.
 The Major Organs of the Body
Activity 2 https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/Sci
ence/Body_organs/Human_body_gv2238571rl
 The Major Organs of the Body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NUxvJS-_0k&t=9s
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Kidneys
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Kidneys are a

pair of bean-shaped
organs located at
the back of the
abdomen.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Function of Kidneys

The Kidneys are in
charge of filtering and
excreting the wastes
collected by the blood
from the body.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Kidneys are part of the

excretory system.
The organs in the excretory
system work together with
the kidneys in order to
eliminate body wastes.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Each day, the kidneys cleanse

about 180 liters of blood to
filter out 1.5 liters of water and
other wastes.
These water and wastes will be
excreted in the form of urine.
 The Major Organs of the Body

The urine passes through

tubes called ureter and is
stored in the bladder.
It is then released
through the urethra in
the process called
urination.
 The Major Organs of the Body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NUxvJS-_0k
 The Major Organs of the Body
Activity 3 https://www.liveworksheets.com/worksheets/en/Sc
ience/Body_organs/Organ_Sort_kf15757dt
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Stomach &The

Intestines
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Stomach and the Intestines

The stomach and the intestines are
parts of the digestive system.
The stomach and the intestines, and
other parts of the digestive system
work together in order to process
the food and water we take in.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Food is softened and

broken as we chew it using
our mouth.
Then, it is pushed down
through the esophagus
going to the stomach and
intestines where complete
digestion happens.
The Major Organs of the Body

h e
T es
o n
B
 The Major Organs of the Body

The Bones
The adult human body is composed
of 206 bones. The skeleton is the
framework of the body, connecting
all bones. All bones are part of the
skeletal system.
Calcium is essential for cartilages to
develop and harden into bones. This
process is called ossification.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Bones provide shape to

the human body.
The skeleton holds the
body’s shape firm with its
respective parts in their
proper positions.
Bones protect the
internal organs.
Examples of bones
protecting internal
organs are the skull, the
backbone, the ribcage
and the pelvic bone.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Bones in the Legs:

•Femur – longest bone
in the body, located in
the upper leg
•Tibia and fibula –
located in the lower leg
 The Major Organs of the Body

Bones produce red blood

cells in the bone marrow.
The bone marrow is in
the cavities of the bones,
containing blood cells
and fat deposits.
 The Major Organs of the Body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Og5xAdC8EUI
The Major Organs of the Body

The Muscles
 The Major Organs of the Body

The muscles give shape and support to

the body. All muscles are part of the
muscular system.
Muscles are bundles of fibers that
contract and relax to do movement.
There are more than 600 muscles in the
body.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Voluntary muscle
movement happens
when we exert
conscious effort for
our muscles to move,
aware that movement
is happening.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Involuntary
muscle movement
happens naturally as part
of the functions of some
organs and body parts.
 The Major Organs of the Body

There are three basic types of muscles in the body..

Skeletal Muscles

Cardiac Muscles

Smooth Muscles
 The Major Organs of the Body
Activity 4
Homework 1_Importance of the Major Organs of the Body
Explain the importance of the following major organs of the body. Write your answer in your
Science notebook.
 The Major Organs of the Body

Major Organs of the Body: "Your body has important organs

that help you live and stay healthy. Your heart pumps blood,
your lungs help you breathe, your brain thinks and helps you
move, your stomach digests food, and your skin protects you.
Each organ has a special job, and together they make you
amazing!"
 The Major Organs of the Body
Valuing
"Respect and care for your
amazing body, where each organ
plays a special role like a
superhero team working together
for your health and happiness!"
 The Major Organs of the Body
REFERENCES

De Roja, E.V. et al., (2020). iScience 4. iBook Publishing. Inc., Cainta. Rizal.

Sarte, E. T. Ed., D. et al., (2019). Science in Our World 4. VIBAL.

Villona, H.M. Ph.D. et al., ( 2018). Cyber Science 4. REX Book Store Inc., 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc Manila.

Dela Cruz, S. B. et al., (2018). 21st Century Science & Health 4. Phoenix Publishing House. Inc..927 Quezon Avenue Quezon City.

Balatbat, F.P. Et al., 92017). The New Science Links 4. REX Book Store Inc., 856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc Manila.

Bautista, R. R. et al., (2016). Science Journey 4. SUNSHINE INTERLINKS Publishing House. Inc., Brgy. South Triangle Quezon City.

Domitas, C. S. (2016). The Amazing World of Science 4. SALESIANA BOOKS by Don Bosco Press Inc..