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(English) The World Trade Organization (WTO) - Explained With Maps (DownSub - Com)
(English) The World Trade Organization (WTO) - Explained With Maps (DownSub - Com)
Firstly we mark the member states of the World Trade Organization, altogether are
there 160 member states.
The main purpose of the World Trade Organization is to regulate and liberalize
world trade.
Since more than 95% of the trade is processed between member states, is the WTO
very important.
because the return to economic protectionism was considered as a reason for the
Second World War.
Therefore thought one, that economic agreements could protect peace between the
countries.
In the year 1947 were the international trade relations regulated by the General
Agreementon Tariffs and Trade (GATT).
23 countries signed this agreement in 1948, but three of them didn't ratify it.
(Lebanon, Syria and China)
and it was replaced at the beginning of 1995 by the World Trade Organization.
Today are 160 countries member states of the WTO and 24 governments have observer
status.
Here can you see all trade routes, inclusive sea, internet and air.
Most of them are between the industry nations, but the trade with countries in Asia
increases fast, many products
Every member of the WTO has to comply with the "most favoured nation" (MFN)
principle. That means when one member state grants for example
trade benefits to another member state,
it has to grant the same trade benefits to every other nation in the organization.
But there is an exception to the "most favoured nation" principle: free trade
zones.
Here can you see the four most important free trade zones:
To the North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) belongs Mexico, Canada and the
United States.
And the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), which has ten member
states.
Reason for this exception is the idea, that regional integration is the first step
to
global integration.
So decreased duties on average from 40% of the product value to 2.2% today.
The Budget of the World Trade Organization is also used for the so called Dispute
Settlement Body (DSB),
The European Union complained about the U.S. subsidies for the aircraft company
Boeing.
In January 2011 declared the World Trade Organization those subsidies illegal and
allowed the EU
to react with reasonable trade sanctions.
The emerging markets in the south make the majority in the World Trade
Organization,
but they suffer under the industry nations, which support their agriculture with
subsidies.
I hope you enjoyed our trip to the World Trade Organization, but there's still a
question left: