NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

Open Book Examination

ANSWER TEMPLATE

Available for 24 hours

Learner name Nibin Joseph

NEBOSH learner 00806021
number
Learning Partner name 1365 – Hti Pvt Ltd

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your first name, your NEBOSH learner number, and your Learning
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Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 1 of 9

Task 1: Health and safety morals

Question 1
- Inadequate health and safety documentation, with only a thin folder and outdated
policies found, indicating neglect in maintaining current and comprehensive safety
records.

- The health and safety policy was outdated (January 2020) and incorrectly referenced a
local school, suggesting a lack of tailored and updated safety protocols for the nursery.

- A concerning number of near misses and accidents recorded, pointing to a potentially

unsafe environment and insufficient measures to prevent incidents.

- The accident involving the apprentice indicates a lack of proper induction and training,
as well as inadequate supervision, which is crucial for new and inexperienced staff.

- No visible health and safety information or emergency notices throughout the nursery,
which is essential for promoting awareness and guiding actions in case of an emergency.

- Obstructed access to a classroom due to large boxes, highlighting poor housekeeping

practices that could lead to accidents.

- The absence of a first-aider on site when the apprentice was injured, demonstrating a
failure to provide immediate and competent medical assistance.

- The broken climbing frame had been a known issue for over a year without action
taken, showing a disregard for equipment maintenance and child safety.

- The previous owner's refusal to replace the climbing frame despite staff requests
indicates a lack of commitment to investing in necessary safety measures.

- The apprentice was unaware of the rule requiring two workers to be present in the
garden areas, suggesting a failure to communicate safety rules effectively.

- The DM's focus on recruitment over addressing health and safety concerns reflects a
culture where safety is not prioritized.

- The DM's relief at the conclusion of the review and eagerness to move on to other tasks
suggests a dismissive attitude towards health and safety management.

Task 2: The approach taken to the review

Question 2 (a)
- The review has successfully identified the lack of current and comprehensive health and
safety documentation, which is a crucial step towards improving safety standards.

- The discovery of the outdated health and safety policy highlights the need for an
updated, site-specific policy, paving the way for necessary revisions.

- The recorded accidents and near misses provide valuable data that can be analyzed to
prevent future incidents and improve the safety culture.

- The review has brought to light the absence of health and safety information displays,
indicating an area for immediate improvement in safety communication.

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 2 of 9

 - The incident with the apprentice has uncovered deficiencies in staff induction and
training, which can now be addressed to ensure better preparedness for new employees.

- The tour of the facility has revealed potential hazards, such as the obstructed classroom
doorway, which can now be rectified to prevent accidents.

- The condition of the climbing frame has been assessed, and the need for its repair or
replacement has been clearly identified, which can prevent further injuries.

- The review has exposed the need for a first-aider on site, which is a critical requirement
for immediate medical response in case of accidents.

- The review process has initiated a dialogue between the health and safety advisor and
the nursery staff, which is essential for understanding the practical challenges and
concerns of the workforce.

- The commitment to produce a report for the SMT demonstrates a structured approach
to addressing the findings and implementing improvements.

- The review has highlighted the importance of clear communication of safety rules, such
as the requirement for two workers to be present in garden areas, which can now be
enforced.

- The review has identified the need for a cultural shift towards prioritizing health and
safety, which is fundamental for the well-being of both staff and children.

Question 2 (b)
- The DM's lighthearted comment about recruitment feeling like a full-time job suggests a
casual attitude towards the high turnover of staff, which can be indicative of deeper
issues within the workplace environment that are not being addressed.

- The DM's expression of relief and eagerness to move on to other tasks after the review
implies a lack of serious commitment to the health and safety review process, which is
essential for ensuring a safe environment for children and staff.

Task 3: Benefits of combined worker and employer involvement

Question 3
- Enhanced safety culture as workers become more aware and responsible for health and
safety issues.

- Improved identification of hazards due to workers' firsthand experience and knowledge

of specific risks in their work environment.

- Greater commitment to health and safety practices from both workers and
management, leading to better compliance with safety procedures.

- Increased reporting of near misses and unsafe conditions as workers feel their concerns
will be taken seriously and addressed.

- Better communication between management and workers, fostering a collaborative

approach to solving health and safety issues.

- More effective and practical safety measures, as worker input can lead to solutions that
are tailored to the actual working conditions.

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 3 of 9

 - Higher morale and job satisfaction among workers, as they feel valued and part of the
decision-making process.

- Reduced accident rates and associated costs, as proactive engagement can help
prevent incidents before they occur.

- Enhanced reputation of the nursery as a safe and caring workplace, which can attract
and retain staff and clients.

- Compliance with legal requirements for worker consultation on health and safety
matters.

- Development of a more comprehensive and effective safety management system that

reflects the specific needs and conditions of the nursery.

- Empowerment of workers, leading to a sense of ownership and responsibility for health

and safety in the workplace.

Task 4: Accident investigation procedure and communicating health and

safety

Question 4 (a)
- Immediate securing of the accident scene is necessary to prevent disturbance or loss of
material evidence, such as the broken ladder rung.

- It is essential to maintain the integrity of the accident scene for a factual and thorough
investigation, as per ILO's guidelines on the prevention of occupational accidents.

- Securing the scene helps to identify the cause of the accident, which in this case could
be the worn and broken equipment, and implement corrective actions.

- It is a legal requirement in many jurisdictions to preserve the scene of an accident until

an investigation can be conducted.

- Ensuring the scene is undisturbed allows for accurate reporting to authorities, which
may be a regulatory requirement.

- Protecting the scene from further use prevents additional risks to health and safety, as
other children or workers could be harmed by the faulty climbing frame.

- It demonstrates to staff and regulatory bodies that the organization takes health and
safety seriously, which can affect the trust and morale of the workforce.

- Preservation of the scene can be critical for insurance and liability purposes, as it
provides evidence that may impact claims or legal outcomes.

- ILO Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155) - Article 16, implies the
need for procedures to investigate occupational accidents, which would necessitate
securing the scene.

Question 4 (b)
- Effective induction training could have included clear communication about the
nursery's safety protocols, including the requirement for two workers to be present in
garden areas with children, which the apprentice was unaware of.

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 4 of 9

 - Regular staff meetings could have ensured that all employees, including new
apprentices, were informed about the prohibition of using the faulty climbing frame,
preventing the accident.

- Visual communication such as warning signs or labels could have been placed on or
near the climbing frame to alert staff and prevent its use until it was repaired or replaced.

- Written communication, such as updated and accessible risk assessments for all areas
including outdoor equipment, would have informed the apprentice of the potential
hazards associated with the climbing frame.

- A clear reporting system for equipment defects could have escalated the need for
repairs to the climbing frame, ensuring that the issue was addressed before leading to an
accident.

- A designated communication channel for maintenance requests and follow-ups could

have ensured that the repeated requests for a new climbing frame were not ignored, as
was the case with the previous owner.

- Implementing a buddy system for new staff members could have provided the
apprentice with a more experienced worker to guide them, ensuring they were aware of
all safety procedures.

- ILO Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155) - Article 19,
emphasizes the importance of training and information for all levels of employees, which
could have been applied to improve communication and prevent the accident.

Task 5: Identifying the influence of organisational and job factors

Question 5 (a)
- Inadequate health and safety documentation, with only a generic risk assessment and
an outdated policy from January 2020, indicates a lack of ongoing and systematic health
and safety management.

- The health and safety policy is not nursery-specific and is incorrectly referencing a local
school, suggesting a lack of tailored health and safety measures for the nursery
environment.

- High turnover of staff, as indicated by the DM's focus on recruitment, may lead to a lack
of experienced personnel and insufficient health and safety knowledge among the
workforce.

- The DM's preoccupation with other tasks, such as recruitment, suggests a possible lack
of prioritization of health and safety responsibilities.

- The absence of visible health and safety information, such as posters and emergency
notices, suggests a lack of health and safety culture and awareness among staff and
visitors.

- Obstructed access to a classroom due to boxes indicates poor housekeeping practices

that could contribute to accidents.

- The recent accident involving an apprentice highlights a lack of adequate induction and
training, as well as insufficient supervision, particularly regarding the rule of two workers
being present in garden areas.

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 5 of 9

 - The broken climbing frame had been a known issue for over a year, showing a failure to
act on reported hazards and a lack of preventive maintenance.

- The lack of a first-aider on site during the accident suggests non-compliance with basic
health and safety requirements for immediate response to injuries.

- The DM's relief at the conclusion of the review and the intention to focus on other tasks
may indicate a dismissive attitude towards health and safety issues.

- The need for electronic security cards for certain areas could hinder emergency access
if not all staff are equipped with such cards.

- The lack of a systematic approach to health and safety management is evident in the
DM's informal handling of the review and the absence of a comprehensive set of health
and safety records.

- The previous owner's advice to use common sense in lieu of addressing hazards
indicates a reactive rather than proactive approach to health and safety, which can lead
to unsafe acts or conditions being unaddressed.

- The lack of engagement from the previous owner in investing in necessary equipment,
such as the climbing frame, may have set a precedent for neglecting health and safety
investments.

- The temporary assignment of the DM to the manager's duties without apparent

additional support or training could lead to gaps in health and safety leadership and
oversight.

- The reliance on a temporary DM to manage health and safety may result in a lack of
continuity and consistency in health and safety practices.

- The absence of a dedicated health and safety role or committee within the nursery
could mean that health and safety is not being given the necessary focus and expertise it
requires.

Question 5 (b)
- Lack of comprehensive induction and training for the apprentice, as they were
immediately assigned to a classroom on their first day.

- Insufficient staffing levels, leading to the apprentice being put in charge of a group of
children without adequate experience or support.

- No clear communication of safety rules, such as the requirement for two workers to be
present in garden areas with children.

- The apprentice was unaware of the specific hazard related to the climbing frame due to
a failure in hazard reporting and information sharing.

- The absence of a first-aider on site meant there was no immediate guidance or

assistance following the accident.

- The culture of the nursery under previous management may have discouraged reporting
and addressing safety concerns, as indicated by the previous owner's response to
requests for a new climbing frame.

- The lack of visible health and safety information may have contributed to a lack of
awareness of safety procedures and emergency protocols.

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 6 of 9

 - The physical environment, with obstructions like boxes in doorways, suggests a
workplace that does not prioritize safety and orderliness.

- The temporary nature of the DM's role might have led to a lack of consistent safety
leadership and oversight.

- The previous owner's advice to use common sense instead of fixing hazards could have
influenced the apprentice's decision-making in a risky situation.

- The lack of a systematic approach to health and safety management likely resulted in
the apprentice not being properly informed about the risks and safety measures in place
at the nursery.

Task 6: Determining uninsured costs incurred from the accident

Question 6
- Loss of productivity due to the time taken by other employees to respond to the
accident and the subsequent absence of the injured apprentice.

- Costs associated with hiring and training a replacement if the apprentice is unable to
return to work.

- Investigation time to determine the cause of the accident and to develop preventative
measures.

- Repair or replacement costs for the damaged climbing frame and ensuring that all other
equipment is safe to prevent future accidents.

- Potential decrease in reputation and trust from parents, possibly leading to a reduction
in enrollment and revenue.

- Legal fees if the apprentice or their family decided to take legal action against the
nursery for unsafe working conditions.

- Increased insurance premiums in the future due to the accident claim.

- Administrative costs related to the accident, including time spent on reporting and
paperwork.

- Costs associated with potential regulatory fines if found non-compliant with health and
safety laws.

- Morale and psychological impact on staff and children, possibly requiring counseling
services.

- Potential compensation for the apprentice for injury sustained, which could include
medical expenses and loss of earnings.

- Costs for implementing new health and safety measures to prevent similar accidents,
which may include training and purchasing new equipment.

- (ILO Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155), Article 16, which
requires employers to report occupational accidents and diseases to the competent
authority, could imply administrative costs for compliance.)

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 7 of 9

Task 7: Determining the benefits of inspections

Question 7
- Identification of potential hazards: Regular inspections could have identified the worn
and loose rungs on the climbing frame, preventing the accident.

- Prevention of accidents: Inspections would have ensured that unsafe equipment was
repaired or replaced, reducing the risk of injury.

- Compliance with safety standards: Inspections help ensure that the nursery adheres to
relevant safety regulations and standards, potentially avoiding legal issues.

- Improved safety culture: Regular inspections demonstrate a commitment to safety,

encouraging staff to be more vigilant and proactive about potential risks.

- Staff training and awareness: Inspections often reveal gaps in staff training; the
apprentice's lack of knowledge regarding the two-worker rule could have been
addressed.

- Maintenance of equipment: Inspections would have highlighted the need for

maintenance or replacement of the climbing frame, as requested by staff.

- Documentation and record-keeping: Inspections create records that can be used to

track safety improvements and show due diligence in safety management.

- Early detection of safety issues: Regular inspections can detect small issues before
they become serious problems, such as the broken rung.

- Enhanced communication: Inspections provide opportunities for workers to discuss

safety concerns, which could have brought the climbing frame's condition to
management's attention.

- Reduced injury rates: By identifying and mitigating hazards, inspections contribute to

lower rates of accidents and near misses.

- Cost savings: Preventing accidents can save on costs associated with injuries, such as
medical expenses, lost productivity, and potential fines.

- Employee morale and retention: A safe work environment can improve staff morale and
reduce turnover, as suggested by the DM's comment on constant worker replacement.

- ILO Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155), Article 16(c):
Inspections contribute to the implementation of occupational safety and health measures,
as per the convention's guidelines on regular workplace reviews to prevent accidents.

- ILO Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985 (No. 161), Article 5: The lack of a
first-aider on site contravenes the guidelines for providing necessary occupational health
services, which inspections could have identified and corrected.

Your total
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Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 8 of 9

 Documen RRC Textbook
ts and
sources https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-work/resources-
of library/publications/WCMS_107727/lang--en/index.htm
informati
on you
used in https://www.ilo.org/global/publications/ilo-bookstore/order-
your online/books/WCMS_PUBL_9221108406_EN/lang--en/index.htm
examinati
on https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P121
00_ILO_CODE:C187

https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-work/resources-
library/publications/WCMS_107727/lang--en/index.htm

https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P121
00_ILO_CODE:C138

https://www.ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=NORMLEXPUB:12100:0::NO::P121
00_ILO_CODE:C182

https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/safety-and-health-at-work/lang--
en/index.htm

End of examination

Now follow the instructions on submitting your answers in the NEBOSH Certificate Digital
Assessment - Technical Learner Guide, English. All Open Book Examination guidance
documents can be found on the NEBOSH website:
https://www.nebosh.org.uk/digital-assessments/certificate/resources-to-help-you-prepare/

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 9 of 9