Сборник 11 кл

Оглавление
TRAVELLING ……………………………………………….
STAYING IN A HOTEL ……………………………………………..
MASS MEDIA IN THE MODERN WORLD ……………………
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS ……………………
CRIME AND PUNISHMENT …………………………………………..
GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD ………………………………………….
ECOLOGY …………………………………………….
SEASONS AND WEATHER ……………………………………………
MUSIC …………………………………………………….
MY FUTURE CAREER …………………………………………………….
Рекомендации по написанию письма личного характера

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss
TRAVELLING
People like travelling. That’s why there are so many means of transportation. People want
to see the world, to rest, to have new impressions- in other words they travel for pleasure or on
business. If people travel out of the city, they can choose between going by coach, by train, by
plane (by air), by ship (by sea) and hiking. Each of these means has its advantages and
disadvantages.
International traveling by coach is rather convenient and cheap. You can take food with
you or buy it at the stops. There are some modern conveniences in the coaches such as toilets and
TVs. But sleeping in an armchair can cause problems especially to those who are car-sick.
Traveling by train is more convenient, because you can sleep well and it’s not expensive.
People can choose between a carriage with sitting places and a carriage with berths (upper and
lower berths). There are carriages with four-berth compartments and two-berth compartments.
Some trains are not fast they are slow and stop very often.
Travelling by plane is an exciting experience, very convenient and fast for those who are
not airsick. Travelling by plane is rather expensive though people can choose between economic
class, business class and deluxe class. The price depends on the food served and the number of
people around. There are usually sections for smokers and non-smokers. People can also choose
an aisle seat or a window seat if they are available (not booked) at the moment.
Travelling by ship is an unforgettable experience. It’s a great chance to see marvelous
landscapes and seascapes. Besides, the dawns and sunsets in the open ocean are terrific. There
are different types of ships to go by – cruisers, yachts and liners fitted up with all modern
conveniences and entertainment facilities. The disadvantages are the cost of the ticket, the storms
and the sea-sickness.
Hiking is the healthiest way of spending holidays. People usually live in tents, do the
cooking on the fire, fish and have a rest in the open air. This way of traveling is very exotic but
not for everyone, because you can’t find any modern conveniences and entertainment facilities.
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Traveling”.
Remember to say:
• What makes people leave their homes and visit far-away places
• What means of transportation are at our disposal
• What their advantages and disadvantages are
• If you like traveling and how you prefer to do it
Answer the question: What trip was the most successful and memorable for you?
Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
Departure lounge departure gate departures board hand luggage announcement
security check immigration officer security guard excess luggage conveyor belt
check-in desk check board check in taxi trolley runway
on board duty free passengers take off
When you travel by air you have to get to the airport early in order to (a) _______ about an hour
before your flight. If you have a lot of luggage, you can put it in a (b) _________ and push it to
the (c) _________, where someone will (d) _________ your ticket and weight your luggage. If
you have (e) _______, it can be expensive. Your heavy luggage is put on a (f) _______ and
carried away. A light bag is classed as (g) ________ and you can take it with you on to the plane.
An (h) _______ looks at your passport and a (i)________ checks your hand luggage before you
go into the (j)_______ to wait till your flight is called. If you want to, you can buy some cheap
(k) ________ goods here. Then you see on the (l) ________ or you hear an (m) _________ that
you must (n) _________ your plane. You go through the (o) ________, and then there is
sometimes a (p) _________ before you actually enter the plane. When all the (q) _______ are (r)
______, and when the captain and his crew are ready in the cockpit, the plane begins to (s)
________ to the end of the (t) _________. Finally, permission is received from the control tower
and the plane moves faster and faster in order to (u) _______.
Travelling c69 Laser

Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
Destination, stopover, jetlag, souvenir, abroad, self-catering, resort, adventure holiday,

brochure
1. If you stay in ____________ rooms, you have to cook your own food.
2. A ____________ is a kind of small magazine that often advertises holidays.
3. A _____________ is a town where lots of people go on holiday.
4. You suffer from ___________ when you arrive in a country where the time is
very different from the country you left.
5. Your __________ is the place you are going to.
6. A ____________ is a break in the middle of a very long flight.
7. ____________s are fun for people who enjoy physical exercise and trying new
activities.
8. When you go ____________, make sure you take your passport with you/
9. I got a model of the Acropolis as a ___________ of my trip to Athens.
C2
You have 40 minutes to do this task.
The car has become the most popular means of transport in the history of the world.
However, some people say that the world would be better off without cars.
What can you say for and against the use of cars?
Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan
1. Introduction (State the problem).
2. Arguments “for”.
3. Arguments “against”.
4. Conclusion.
STAYING IN A HOTEL
While traveling, people need somewhere to stay, that’s why there are a lot of good hotels
at their disposal. Still, if you do not want to get disappointed, it is advisable to book
accommodation in advance by telephone or Internet, particularly if you are traveling in summer.
In that case you won’t need to leave the hotel because there is no room, which is always an
unpleasant experience, especially if you arrive at night.
Almost all modern hotels have rooms with all modern conveniences: air-conditioning, a
private bathroom, a telephone, a TV-set, and others. The service is usually quite satisfactory.
You can take a single room, a double room or a suite.
Supposing you booked accommodation in a hotel. Your taxi drives up to the entrance of
the hotel; you pay the driver and get out of the cab. The porter helps you with the luggage and
you enter the lobby of the hotel. You go to the reception desk and speak to the receptionist, this
is the clerk who is in charge of rooms and who registers the newcomers.
When you are through with all the formalities, you will get the key to your room and a
pageboy (bellboy) will take you to your room.
At a hotel you can get various services. If you want to have your suit pressed or dry-
cleaned, your shirt ironed, or your laundry done, you should ring for the maid. You can also have
your meals served into your room. The tip is always given with the words of thanks.
In the lobby there are a lot of offices: a booking office, post and an information desk.
Nearly all the hotels have bars, restaurants, gyms and swimming pools.
Bills are usually paid at the end of stay. When you are ready to check out, you tell the
desk clerk to get your bill ready.
As for me, the last time I stayed in a hotel was when…
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Living in a hotel”.
Remember to say about
• Why people stay in hotels
• What modern conveniences you may find in a hotel
• What services you can find in a hotel
• If you have ever stayed in a hotel, where and who with
Form a word that fits each gap

1. Customers usually make a phone call or send a fax to make a................... (reserve).
2. I’m not sure of the exact dated yet so I’d like to make a.................... booking for the
24th to 28th (provision)
3. There are more guests than rooms. I’m afraid the hotel is................... (booking)
4. I’m sorry, but there is no..........................for the honeymoon suite for the period you
require. (available)
5. The customer has been taken ill so we’ve had a ...................... of the booking. (cancel)
6. There is no one in room 507 at the moment and room 508 is also................... (occupy)
7. One of the first jobs to be done by the receptionist each day is to deal with
the.................. (correspond)
8. The hotel asks guests not to leave ....................pieces of jewellery in the room. (value)
9. The management hope that computerized door locks will................. thieves from
getting into hotel rooms. (prevention)
MASS MEDIA IN THE MODERN WORLD

There is every reason to believe that mass media play a great role in modern society.
Their positive aspects are obvious. They give us useful and interesting information and news and
also help to have an enjoyable free time. Young people and adults seek information about
weather, sporting events, and available entertainment, local, national and international news.
People need information in order to conduct their lives intelligently, for professional and
academic purposes.
The term of mass media was specially coined to call al possible means of obtaining
information from such sources as radio and television, printed materials such as newspapers and
magazines, and more recently, from computer network, such as the Internet.
There are thousands of newspapers printed in the world. They remain a popular source of
information. They range from thick daily newspapers both quality and tabloids, which are read
by millions of people across the world, to small, local weekly papers, which offer news. There
are a lot of magazines to all tastes. Both newspapers and magazines are sold in the streets all
around the city, but you can also subscribe to any of them at the post office. My family doesn’t
subscribe to any newspapers; we usually buy them at newsagent’s. My Dad likes reading…
because…., my Mum likes reading….because there she can get information about….
Radio is another source of information. There are dozens of radio stations in Russia. Most
of them broadcast music but of different styles. You can also listen to weather forecast, sports
news, talk shows, news, and daily horoscopes. You can take part in different quizzes and win a
prize. My favorite radio station is…..I like listening to it when I….
Television has become an important source of information. In its popularity television
overtook radio and newspapers. No doubt that television started to produce great influence on
people. It combines all the advantages of other media and satisfies different tastes. Many
programs keep people informed of current events in politics, sports, economics and so on.
Besides news programs, you can watch a lot of entertainment. They let people relax; help to
forget about problems at work. The variety of modern TV channels and TV programs satisfies all
tastes. You can watch all types of films, music concerts, talk shows, TV games, and so on. As for
me, I prefer watching….
However, nowadays many programs and films show too much violence and blood, it can
damage our image of the world we live in. Another negative influence of TV is that it doesn’t
stimulate creative thinking and makes people dependent on the views expressed by others.
The Internet is the newest kind of mass media. Information is becoming even more
available because of advances of the Internet. In the Net people can find nearly all information
they need, get the latest news and do the shopping without leaving home. Email communication
has become one of the most popular ways of keeping in touch with people all over the world.
On the whole, it is hard to imagine modern society without mass media. That is why it is
often called information society.
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on “Mass Media.”
Remember to say:
• About the role of mass media in modern life
• About different types of mass media
• What the negative effects of mass media are
Answer the question: “Where do you prefer to get information from? Why?”
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on “Television”
Remember to say:
• What your favorite television programs are
• If your taste in television programs has changed over the years and why
• When you watch television
• If you watch television with or without your family and friend
Answer the question: “Is there any negative influence of television on people?”
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on “Press”
Remember to say:
• What newspapers and magazines young people prefer reading nowadays
• If you read Russian, why/why not?
• If you would like to be a reporter, why/why not?
Answer the question: Can the Internet replace newspapers in future? Why/Why not?
EXERCISES
1. Read the text below. Use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap.
Internet: how it affects us.
One of the most ____________ (value) functions of the Internet is its
________________ (information) function. The internet keeps people informed about current
events, as well as about the _____________ (late) ________________ (achieve) in science and
culture. You can even find out how to pass from the __________________ (ground) station to
the house of your girlfriend, who __________________ (recent) moved to London.
Recently the system of ________________ (distant) learning became _______________
(popularize). You can study foreign languages and even study in universities. Individual
_____________ (educate) program can be developed _______________ (especial) for you.
The Internet is also ______________ (wide) used in business. Thanks to the Internet we
have rapid __________________ (connect) with partners from all corners of the world. You can
even conduct ______________ (negotiate), hear and see your contacts, and ________________
(change) graphic and textual information.
Television
2. Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
viewers subjective mass media quiz shows indoctrinate

channels objective soap operas commercials switch
(a)_____is a phrase often used to describe ways of giving information and entertainment to very
large numbers of people. It includes newspaper, advertising and radio and, of course, television.
In most countries people can (b) ______to any of three or four different (c) ______. Do
television programmers influence our mind? Do they (d) ______ us? Is the news completely (e)
______ (neutral) or is it (f) ______ (considered from one particular point of view)? Don’t the (g)
______ for alcohol, food and others goods condition our mind? Even the (h) ______ going on
week after week telling the story of one family or group of people sometimes make us want to
copy the life – style we see on the screen. Also (i) ______ which give people big prizes for
answering simple questions can make us greedy. Some programs are watched by tens of millions
of (j) _____.
3. Read the text below. Use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits the gap
On the box.
What do you need to become a __________________ (success) TV personality? The
people who are usually chosen to host TV quiz shows and chat shows seem to have
few______________ (qualify) foe the job apart from having an _______________ (attract)
appearance; in the case of women, this means being blonde and _____________ (beauty). A
certain level of intelligence is and education is ________________ (essence) but most people
who work in the media do not seem to be very ______________ (talent) in any other respects.
The sad thing is that TV personalities have a ____________________ (power) influence on
viewers and it is _________________ (nature) for young viewers to admire these charming
people, wearing the _________________ (late) fashion and always smiling. However, today’s
youth deserve _______________ (good) role models than these.
C2
The Internet is the new way to communicate. Some people think that it has more
drawbacks than advantages.
What can you say for and against using the Internet as a source of information?

4. Conclusion.
Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS

It is impossible to overestimate the role of science and technology in our life. We can’t
imagine our contemporary life without telephones and cars, computers and many other devices
created or modified by scientists. Now we live in the information era when the computer
network embraces the globe and connects not only the countries and space stations but also a lot
of people all over the world. New technologies are being widely developed and used in different
spheres of life.
However, every medal has its reverse. Nowadays we realize that the rapid scientific
progress has aroused a number of global problems: ecological problems, the safety of people and
nuclear power stations and the nuclear war threat. Such inventions as nuclear weapons and
ballistic missiles made wars of annihilation possible.
A lot of people are sure that scientific and technological progress threatens nature.
Different kinds of pollution, holes in the ozone layer, acid rains and greenhouse effect are the
result of it. A lot of inventions are harmful for our environment and the future of our generation.
If we don’t think about the solution to these problems, we’ll ruin the place of our habitat very
soon.
I think that by means of science it is possible to find harmless technologies, use purifying
systems, produce environmentally friendly products and develop alternative energy. But
solutions to these problems need great investment into science.
Do you know that…...?

There are many the Alfred Nobel winners among Russian scientists:
Ivan Pavlov (the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1904)
Ilya Mechnikov (the Nobel Prize for chemistry in1908)
Nikolai Semyonov (the Nobel Prize for chemistry in1956)
Ilya Frank, P.Cherenkov, I. Tamm (the Nobel Prize for physics in 1958)
Lev Landau (the Nobel Prize for physics in 1962)
Peter Kapitsa (the Nobel Prize for his work in magnetism and low-temperature physics,
1978)
Can you add more names?
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Scientific and technological progress”.
Remember to say:
• The role of science and technological progress in our life
• If technological progress threatens nature and people
• What can be done to find the right balance between the technological progress and
the safety of life
Answer the question: “Can you think of anything you would like to see invented that
will make your life easier?
C2
Technology is an important part of our lives. We use computers and other electronic
equipment at work and at home. However, some people believe that we rely too much on
machines, and that the more technology improves, the lazier and weaker humans will become.
What can you say for and against future technological developments?

4. Conclusion.
C2
Some scientists perform experiments on animals. However, some people say that it is
cruel and unnecessary.
What can you say for and against performing experiments on animals?

4. Conclusion.
CRIME AND PUNISHMENT
VOCABULARY
1. Match the criminals with the descriptions.
1. thief a. someone who kills somebody else on purpose

2. robber b. someone who steals things from shops
3. burglar c. someone who takes a person by force and demands
4. mugger ransom in order to set them free
5. forger d. someone who steals things from a bank, post office,
6. kidnapper shop, etc., often using threats and force
7. arsonist e. someone who uses force to take control of an
8. shoplifter airplane, train, etc.
9. vandal f. someone who takes things which do not belong to
10. hijacker them
11. blackmailer g. someone who damages other people’s property
12. smuggler on purpose.
13. murderer h. someone who attacks people in the street in order to
steal something
i. someone who sets fire to property on purpose
j. someone who breaks into people’s houses to steal
things.
k. someone who demands money or favors from
someone by threatening to tell secrets about them
l. someone who takes something illegally to another
country
m. someone who illegally copies something, especially
something printed or written on paper, to make people
think that it is real
2. Match each punishment to the description

a life sentence a fine community service a suspended sentence
 When you are given this sentence, you don’t go to prison. If, however, you commit
another crime in the near future, you will be sent to prison. ____________________
 When you are given this sentence you have to pay some money to the
court.____________________
 When you are given this sentence, you have to do something for your local area. The
work you are given might be connected to the crime you committed.
______________
 When you are given this sentence, you are sent to prison for a very long time for
committing a serious crime. ________________________
3. Go through the list of offences. Then look at the forms of punishment and decide which
is appropriate for each offence. Write sentences as in the example.
OFFENCES
 Murder
 Hijacking an aircraft
 Kidnapping
 Littering
 Writing graffiti on a public building
 Stealing a car
 Pickpocketing
 Stealing sweets
 Making noise late at night
 Being on a bus without a ticket
 Violent behavior in a football match
 Toxic waste pollution
PUNISHMENT
To be sentenced to life imprisonment, to be sent to prison, to be fined a large/small amount of
money, to be given a suspended sentence, to be put on probation, to do community service, to be
given a warning, to be given corporal punishment, to be sentenced to death penalty or capital
punishment.
e.g. Murder is a major offence. I think that someone who murders somebody should be
sentenced to life imprisonment.
4. Complete the following chart.

Verb Noun Person
accuse accused
vandalize vandal
smuggle
start a fire deliberately arson
blackmail blackmailer
commit a crime crime
hack into a computer hacking
hijack hijacker
imprison prison or imprisonment prisoner
kidnap kidnapping
kill
mug mugger
commit an offence offence
pickpocket pickpocket
rob
shoplift shoplifter
stalk stalking
steal thief
suspect suspicion
forge forger
5. Match the crimes in the box to the descriptions (1-10).
arson burglary forgery hijacking mugging pick pocketing

robbery shoplifting smuggling vandalism domestic violence
1. I caught him just as he was taking my wallet from my back pocket.

……………………………………..
2. The gang was arrested while trying to get diamonds and drugs into the country
illegally.
……………………………………….
3. Terrorists ordered the pilot to fly the plane to another country.
…………………………
4. The teens smashed windows and sprayed graffiti on the walls of the youth centre.
…………………………………………..
5. The thieves held the bank manager at gun-point while they took the cash.
……………………………………..
6. When he broke the back window to get in, the alarm went off.
…………………………
7. He was found guilty of coping classic paintings and trying to sell them as originals.
……………………………………….
8. The gang of youth was arrested for attacking the woman and taking her handbag.
…………………………………….
9. The two girls were found guilty of taking the item from the supermarket without
paying for it.
……………………………………….
10. He had set fire to the forest just for fun. ……………………………….
11. The woman was often seen with bruises on her face. ……………………………..
6. Match the words from the box with the definitions.
the accused witness policeman jury judge defense lawyer

prosecutor
1. somebody who has been charged with committing a crime

2. a professional who decides how a criminal should be punished
3. a professional who speaks for the accused and advises him/her in court
4. someone who has seen the crime happen
5. a group of people in court who decide whether somebody is innocent or guilty
6. somebody who is to deter people from committing crimes and to arrest those who break
the law
7. a professional who represents the law in court
CRIME and PUNISHMENT

They say that criminal situation in the world is getting worse all the time. Unfortunately,
there are a lot of types of crime. Let’s begin with thefts. Most people are afraid of burglary, when
their houses or flats are broken into and valuable things are stolen. And also we can be attacked
and robbed in a dark corner. Not less upsetting is pocketing. There are cases when people can be
blackmailed and even kidnapped.
However, there are types of crimes which can be called social ones. First, it is vandalism,
when people destroy monuments, tombs or draw graffiti over the walls.
There are also such types of crime as shoplifting, drug dealing and a set of economic
crimes (forgery, fraud, arson and smuggling). Most awful is rape, when women or children are
sexually abused. The shock they get can later ruin their lives.
Next comes terrorism, it takes the form of bombing, shooting, hijacking, or assassination
and it is always a deliberate use of violence against civilians for political or religious ends.
Murderers are the most dangerous criminals. As a rule, having committed one murder, they
don’t stop.
Let’s speak about punishment. When a crime is committed, the police begin investigating
it. If they are a success, the criminal is arrested and faces the trial. The jury finds him guilty or
not guilty. If the accused is found guilty, the judge passes the sentence on him. The accused has
the right to apply to the higher court where his or her case will be heard again. In many countries
the capital punishment or death penalty in other words, is abolished. So life sentence is the most
severe punishment.
There are many reasons for crime. First of all, social scientists suggest that criminal
behavior is due to social issues like unemployment, poor housing and lack of education. If a
person remains unemployed for a long time it becomes difficult for them to support themselves.
Some people may turn to crime as an easy way of making money. Another reason is advertising.
TV advertising makes you want things you don’t really need. Some people end up stealing things
they want, but they can’t afford. Some TV programs also play their role in the rise in crime
among teenagers. Seeing violence so often on the television makes young people think that it’s
all right, and makes them more likely to act in a violent way in real life. What’s more, criminals
are often shown in a way that makes them and their lifestyle look glamorous and desirable.
To improve the situation we must fight crime by turning our attention to such issues and
to improve society in general. Also some people believe that everyone should take
responsibility for his or her actions and that crime cannot be excused because of poverty and lack
of education. Such people argue that strong measures should be taken against the smallest of
offences, so that the offenders do not move on from petty to more serious crime. One thing that
all people agree on is that the fear of crime has a detrimental effect on society and communities
should be helped to understand the real threat of crime in the area.
To sum up, I’d like to say that society should fight against any crime and no crime should
be left unpunished. But even more important is that innocent people should never be found
guilty.
What makes people commit crimes? Do you agree?
• Social conditions: poverty and drug/alcohol addiction

• Homeless teens steal in order to eat
• The gap between the living conditions of different classes
• The rich commit crimes for the sake of easy money and to be wealthier
• Young people often grow up without any firm idea about the difference between right
and wrong, because parents are too busy working to guide their children
• The police may also be to blame. There are cases when the offender may not be
punished at all or may be given a fine
C3
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Crime and Punishment”.
Remember to say:
 what types of crime you know
 why people commit crimes
 what types of punishment you know
Answer the question: “What is the criminal situation in the place you live?”
VOCABULARY EXERCISES
1. Read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each gap.
The young man lived in a slum area of the city all his life and it was just a matter of time
before he was in (1)…………….. with the law. At school, which he hardly ever attended, not
only did he (2)……………….
The school property but he was also a bully, frightening and beating up other children. When he
was fifteen, he was (3)………………..for breaking into a local shop. At the age of sixteen, he
was (4)…………….with assault. He got off with two years’ (5)……………………for this and
was set free. Within six months, he was back in (6)……………after he had been arrester for
stealing cars. This time, he was (7)………………….to two years in prison. After his release, he
again turned to crime. This time it was bank robbery. At his trial he pleaded (8)……………...,
despite the fact he had been caught red-handed. He was found (9)…………………….and the
judge sentenced him to ten years (10)………………
School sociologists blame his background, while others say he was just bad.
1. A problems B defense C trouble D court

2. A mug B vandalize C thieve D rob
3. A accused B charged C sentenced D arrested
4. A charged B accused C released D suspected
5. A punishment B bail C probation D fine
6. A court B probation C jail D trial
7. A punished B accused C committed D sentenced
8. A guilt B suspicious C innocent D free
9. A suspicious B guilty C illegal D against
10. A prison B probation C offence D imprisonment
2. Complete the word patterns with words from the box. Laser
Accuse charge suspect apologize get away let off sentence blame
1. _____________ somebody with a crime.
2. _____________ somebody ____________ with a warning.
3. _____________ somebody of (doing) something.
4. _____________ somebody of (doing) something.
5. _____________ with a crime.
6. _____________ somebody for a crime.
7. _____________ somebody to time in prison.
8. _____________ for (doing) something.
WORD FORMATION
1. Fill in the spaces in the following text using a suitable form of the words given in
brackets.
The ________________ (systematize) of fingerprints reached Britain in 1901 and proved
_____________ (use). In 1930, Scotland Yard set up its first _______________ (classify)
system to enable officers to compare fingerprints found on the scene of crime with those
of___________________ (crime) known to the police. Fingerprint technology has advanced
__________ (great) since then. Different types of powder are used to (strong) the impression of
the fingerprint before it is taken. Another ______________ (revolutionary) has been in the way
that fingerprints are identified. Today, the first _______________ (searching) is done by the
computer, which then produces a ________________ (select) of possible matches. The final
____________________ (identify) however is done by police experts.
Crime laser c143

2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in bold
1. Most ____________ (crime) are eventually caught by the police.
2. There was an investigation into the ___________ (fail) of the police to catch robbers.
3. The woman was able to give a very detailed _________________ (describe) of her
attacker to the police.
4. I accept that _______________ (poor) is connected to crime, but not all poor people
become criminals.
5. The accused man walked free from the court because there was no _____________
(prove) that he committed the crime.
6. The government is trying to ___________________ (low) the age at which young
children can be sent to prison.
brackets
The unlucky burglar
This is a true story about a rather unfortunate ____________ (crime). He was an ____________
(extreme) persistent burglar, who was busy robbing an empty house when he was suddenly and
_____________ (expected) disturbed by the ____________ (arrive) of the two people who
lived there. After a short, angry _____________ (argue) with the couple, he managed to push
past them and escape into their back garden. ___________ (lucky) fir him, he found the garden
was _____________ (complete) surrounded by high fences at the sides, and a wall at the end.
Although he had no ______________ (know) of what was on the other side, he decided to get
over the wall. Showing great ______________ (athlete) ability, he ran at the wall and was
_____________ (succeed) in getting over it – but when he landed on the other side he found to
his _____________ (amaze) and horror that he was standing in the local prison yard.
C2
Our modern society deals with tolerance and human rights. In many countries all over
the world capital punishment has been abolished. However, some people think that there would
be fewer crimes if people were still sentenced to the death penalty.
What is your opinion on capital punishment?
Follow the plan:

1. Introduction. (State the problem)
2. Express your opinion and give reasons for it.
3. Give other people’s arguments and explain why they are wrong.
4. Conclusion.
GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD

Nowadays the humanity faces a great number of various problems. The scientific and
technological progress has changed the life on our planet and as a result our natural resources are
exhausted, the ecological balance of the planet is disturbed, many species of flora and fauna
disappeared, pollution threatens everything alive. But the environmental problems are not the
only ones. Every year thousand of people die because of wars of annihilation, terrorism, different
diseases, natural disasters, social problems and in different terrible accidents.
Our environment is vitally connected with the problem of peace on our planet. The
scientists consider that nuclear war could destroy mankind completely. It’s true to say that
nowadays great masses of chemical and bacteriological weapons have been stocked in the world.
If any of these weapons is used, the casualties will run into tens of millions, because mankind
has no immunity against bacteriological weapons, and the use of chemical weapons will result in
mass contamination of the area.
In recent years terrorism has become a serious issue. People always panic about the
possibility of terrorists getting hold of nuclear weapons or they may blow up a nuclear power
station instead. Another worry is about the possibility of our water supplies being poisoned.
Lately other forms of terrorism such as “suicide terrorism” and bombing have become a real
threat. Everyone remembers the tragedy which happened on the 11 th of September in the USA
when terrorists hijacked two planes and crashed them into two buildings in New York.
Unfortunately, there is little we can do about it, except, place our faith in the government, and
hope that measures taken to prevent terrorism are successful.
There are also diseases that still can’t be cured. One of them is AIDS. This devastating
disease strikes the body’s immune system. Millions of people have already died of AIDS. To
overcome this problem we need further progress of science and personal responsibility. Other
examples of incurable diseases are different forms of cancer and heart disorders.
They say that recent extreme weather is due to global warming. Bad weather threatens
our homes and even our life. One of the worst weather hazards is the storm known as a hurricane
or cyclone (the combination of enormous wind speed, heavy rainfalls and high seas). Another
terrible thing is a tornado. Tornadoes are black, twisting clouds that suddenly appear from
nowhere, travel at terrifying speed, move in unpredictable ways and cause catastrophic damage
in seconds. It’s extremely difficult to forecast where they are likely to strike. People also suffer
from earthquakes (a sudden shaking movements of the ground), floods (when water covers the
land), drought (a long period of time when there is little or no rain and crops die) and avalanches
(a large amount of snow and ice that suddenly falls down a mountain; a large amount of
substance that falls down somewhere: an avalanche of rock/stones/mud).
To sum up, I think that the most dangerous problem is natural disasters because we can’t
predict and avoid them in time.
As for the ecological situation in the world, we can say that it’s getting worth. People cut
down forests and rainforests, pollute air, water and soil, so rare plant and animal species
disappear and the climate changes. We have the time, the money and even the technology to
repair the damage. All we need to do is to open our eyes and act immediately. We can prevent
tragedies if only the government hires responsible specialists who don’t overlook human or
computer errors, look after the buildings, toads and transport, keep nature under a strong control
and develop an ability to resist any terrorist activity.
Here are some of the ways to solve ecological problems. Express your own opinion if
they are helpful or not:
• The factories and plants must be removed from cities
• Green zones must be created. The greenery must be protected and increased
• Pollution control systems must be introduced
• Purifying systems for cleaning and trapping harmful substances must be widely used
• Noise must be reduced
• We must keep the streets of towns clean
• We must utilize the waste
• People must develop international cooperation in the field of environmental protection
Can you add other measures to mentioned above?
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
__
What can you say about ecological situation in the place you live?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Global problems of the world”.
Remember to say:
• What global problems of the world are and what causes them
• What people must do to protect the environment
• The measures which should be done to survive
Answer the question: “What is the most serious problem of the world in your opinion
and why?
1. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with an appropriate word from the box.
floods earthquake famine drought disease
emergency refugees aid charity injuries
1. The crops have failed again and ............... is widespread.

2. The latest San Francisco …………… measured 4.5 on the Richter scale.
3. In case of ............... break the glass and push the button.
4. Half a million …………… have now crossed the border in an attempt to find food.
5. I never give to ……………. I think it should be the government’s responsibility.
6. The present government has given more in …………… to needy countries than any other
in living memory.
7. Many children have suffered terrible …………… as a result of the fighting.
8. A new …………… has been discovered which causes partial blindness and skin
problems.
9. There has been a …………… in certain parts of the country due to the lack of rain.
10. there has been so mush rain that some rivers have burst their banks and there have
been………………… .
WORD FORMATION
1. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences with the correct form of the words in
brackets.
1. The __________________ of the ozone layer is one of the worst things that has
happened. (destroy)
2. If we don’t send food, there will be______________ on a massive scale.(starve)
3. We need to find a _____________________ to the problem before things get seriously
out of hand. (solve)
4. It is shocking that ten per cent of the population live below the _________________ line.
(poor)
5. Some of the most beautiful Indian tigers are facing ________________. (extinct)
6. If the ________________ (pollute) gets any worse, I’m going to move to the country.
7. I believe the __________________ of the planet is worth fighting for. (survive)
brackets.
It is no exaggeration to say that the world has become a global village. Modern methods
of_________________ (communicate) have made the world much smaller and the problems we
face such as _______________ (pollute) are not restricted to one country. The _____________
(destroy) of the rainforests in Brazil is everyone’s problem and the _________________
(starve) which is common in many African countries is challenge for Europe too. The
_____________ (extinct) of rare species is a tragedy for the planet as a whole and the
_____________ (exhaust) of oil supplies will shake the ___________ (found) of the world’s
economy. The _______________ (protect) of the environment is the responsibility of all
nations, rich and poor. However, uncontrolled economic ____________ (compete) between
strong and weak nations leads to _____________ (create) of great inequality between the rich
and poor nations of the world.
C2
Many cities in Europe do everything to promote bicycles as an ecologically clean type of
transportation; however the governor of St. Petersburg signed a decree according to which
bicycles won’t be allowed in 24 central streets and embankments of St. Petersburg.
Do you agree that bicycles should be banned in the centre of St. Petersburg?
Use the following plan:

4. Make a conclusion.
ECOLOGY
The environmental crisis – number one international problem.
We are in the environmental crisis because human beings have broken out the circle of
life and destroying the environment.
The first threat to the planet is the extinction of plants and animal life. Many animals
find it more and more difficult to survive as their natural habitat is being destroyed by growing
cities. The earth forested areas are in danger of disappearing completely as trees are burnt or cut
down. Illegal hunting helps some rare species to become extinct. This process can be controlled
if we protect animals in danger by law, open more parks and plant more forests; introduce
harsher punishment for illegal hunters and raise public awareness about endangered species.
The second problem is water, air and land pollution. Factories and cars release poisonous
chemicals into the air. The chemicals mix with the water in the clouds, and the polluted rain
which falls later damages trees, lakes and buildings. Gases from aerosol sprays and fridges are
going into atmosphere destroying the ozone layer which prevents us from getting harmful
radiation. As a result more and more people are getting skin cancer. Our society is producing too
much packaging and food waste; that is why diseases spread more easily. People are using a lot
of detergents for cleaning their houses and cars, this wasted water is poured into rivers, oceans
and steams killing fish. A few steps can help to change the situation. We must throw away less
rubbish and use litter bins; control the use of pesticides and fertilizers; use recycling.
Deforestation, using aerosols and burning fossil fuels cause the process of Global
Warming (Greenhouse Effect). This environmental change leads to rising temperatures, melting
ice-caps in the polar region and droughts and floods in hot countries.
These problems are very serious. Both scientists and politicians agree that unless some
radical steps are taken in the nearest future, life on our planet may be destroyed.
Answer the questions:

1. What do you know about the ozone layer?
2. How does the rapid growth of cities influence nature?
3. How can we safe nature resources?
4. Why is our food not as healthy as it should be?
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Ecology”.
Remember to say:
• What you know about the threat of extinction of plants and animals
• About different types of pollution
• About the environmental change on our planet
Answer the question: “What is the ecological situation in the place you live?
WORD FORMATION
1. Complete these sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets.
1 What can we do to reduce the ………... (pollute) of the atmosphere?
2 The change in the climate has produced ……….. (disaster) floods.
3 Many rare species are threatened with …….. (extinct).
4 Many of the gases produced by factories are ………. (harm) to our health.
5 Exhaust fumes have ………. (damage) effects on the environment.
6 Many countries must try and control the growth of the ……….. (populate).
7 Protecting the environment is essential to our ……… (survive).
8 The ………. (protect) of the environment is everyone’s responsibility.
9 While some countries get richer, the ………. (poor) in others gets worse.
10 Millions of people in the world are threatened with ………. (starve).
2. Read the following text and fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold.
One of the world’s ____________________ (danger) species, the rhinoceros, is still
being hunted for their horn. The World Wildlife Federation supports _______________
(organize) which try to stop the ___________ (hunt) by providing vehicles and _____________
(equip) for several national parks in Africa. Protected areas have a high fence around them, so
rhinos roam in ______________ (safe). The WWF also helps in _________________
(transport) of rhinos from _____________ (danger) areas into the protected ones. It is very
important to lessen the demand for rhino horns. Raising _________________ (aware) of the
problem is one of way to help the situation. Rhino _____________________ (conserve) is one
of the WWF’s main tasks. _____________________ (hope) the WWF will be able to put a stop
to the _________________ (acceptable) act of rhino hunting.
There are many problems which ________________ (threat) our natural environment.
Acid rain, _______________ (globe) warming and air and water _____________ (pollute) are
among the most serious ones. There are several ways to help improve the situation. Firstly, we
should encourage _________________ (recycle) because it is the _____________ (produce) of
new materials which causes the most damage. We must learn to reuse things like plastic bags and
glass jars. Secondly, driving an environmentally- friendly car is also _______________ (help).
Furthermore, joining an __________________ (organize) which plants trees or cleans up
beaches would be _______________ (prove) that you are really _______________ (concern)
about the environment. Lastly, supporting groups such as Greenpeace, which try to prevent many
____________________ (environment) disasters, would help to ensure that our planet will be
clean and safe for future generations.
More and more animals are fighting for __________________ (survive) nowadays, and
it is not only ________________(hunt) who are to blame.
Thousands of fish die every year as a result of the _________________ (legal)
________________ (dump) of waste in rivers by factories all over Europe. _______________
(investigate) are often carried out to discover who is __________________ (response) for these
ecological disasters, but even when the offenders are found, the ______________ (punish) for
this kind of ________________ (behave) is not as severe as it should be. Factories will only
reform once the public _________________ (threat) to stop buying their products, and not
before. It is the only __________________ (solve) to a very serious problem.
C2
Many people argue that ordinary people can do a lot to help the environment, including
recycling materials and preventing waste. However, this depends on cities providing facilities
for recycling and educating people on the need to help the environment, which some people think
is too expensive.
Do you think your city does enough to support people who want to help the
environment?
Use the following plan:

4. Make a conclusion.
SEASONS AND WEATHER

There are four seasons in the year. They are spring, summer, autumn and winter. Every
season is beautiful in its own way.
Spring is a wonderful season. Nature awakens from its winter’s sleep. The days become
longer and the nights grow shorter. The ground is covered with fresh green grass and snowdrops,
the first spring flowers. Then trees cover with new leaves and begin to blossom. The birds begin
to sing and build their nests. The air is fresh and the sun shines brightly in the sky. The days are
warm and everything is full of life and joy. In May downpours and thunderstorms are quite
frequent.
Summer comes in June. It is the hottest season of the year. The trees are green and the
gardens are full of flowers. I don’t like when it is boiling hot and stuffy in the summer. But I like
summer showers when the air becomes fresh and humid.
Some people prefer autumn to summer. It is still warm in September but leaves change
color. It is the best time to go to the suburbs of Saint Petersburg, for example to Pavlovsk.
October brings nasty and gloomy weather. It is getting colder and colder. It often pours or
drizzles. Fogs are often in the morning too. In November the first snow appears but melts quite
quickly and causes a lot of sleet in the streets. The days become shorter.
Winter comes suddenly with frosts and blizzards. It snows a lot and freezes hard so it’s
easy to fall down and get hurt. On the other hand winter is a beautiful season when the snow
covers the ground, the sun appears and the air is crisp and fresh.
Unfortunately the problem of the global warming and the greenhouse effect causes a
great climate changing. The weather is becoming quite unpredictable. It has become a common
situation that instead of snowing hard it is raining heavily on the New Year’s Eve. The weather
forecasts are very popular. In St. Petersburg the weather has become a typical topic for
conversations and discussions as in the UK.
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Seasons and weather”.
Remember to say about
• Four seasons
• What weather each season is characterized by
• What climate changes we face today
Answer the question:

What is your favorite season and why?
C2
Some people say that there is no bad weather there are bad clothes. Others claim that the
best place to live is the part of the world where there is no winter and autumn like in Australia or
Africa.
Do you think whether we are lucky or not to have four seasons which change one
another during the year?

Follow the plan:
4. Сonclusion.
MUSIC
Can you think of a day without music? Music has always been a vital part of our life. It
forms people’s internal world, helps correctly understand occurring events and bring up taste.
There is music everywhere: at home, in a concert hall, in cafes and restaurants, in every car.
People can’t live without music. They listen to music, they dance to music, and they learn to play
musical instruments. Professionals say that music isn’t just the combination of pleasant sounds
only. It is an art that reflects life. Music reflects people’s ideas and emotions. For many people
music is the way to relax and have fun.
When speaking of different forms of music, first of all it is necessary to mention classical
music. Classical music is always a complex of emotions; it contains the powerful appeal to
listeners. It addresses both to our senses and intellect. There is no doubt that the appreciation and
understanding of classical music comes in time and very much depends on the person’s
education and intelligence. It is necessary gradually to prepare yourself for acquaintance to
serious music. Also it is good to learn and find out some information about the composer, about
his time. However, anyone would appreciate the masterpieces of Mozart, Beethoven, Bach,
Tchaikovsky.
Many young people today are gravitating towards the new rhythms probably as a result of
changing times. Pop has always been popular: rock’n’roll, jazz, blues, rock and hard rock, disco,
R’n’B, rock, house music, rap, drum-and-bass and other genres find many admirers. Pop is easy
to listen and understand. Such simple and thoughtless music is necessary to the man now- it lifts
mood, helps to forget about the problems and relax. Modern music unites people all over the
world and makes them feel a part of a global family. Such music is a kind of a global language
for them. It cuts across all the barriers — age, color, class, sex, religion and brings people
together. Some types of modern music have a great influence on teenagers’ appearance and
behavior.
As for me, I’m into….
Read the information about classical music. Translate and speak about your
attitude to it.
For:
1. Classical music gives the listeners a keen sensual delight and pleasure.
2. Classical music has a deep intellectual appeal.
3. Classical music has a strong ethical effect: it ennobles the listeners.
4. Classical music supports the ideas of good.
5. Classical music creates a special spiritual world for the listener which enriches his
inner world and makes him happy.
Against:
1. Classical music is a complicated art: it’s difficult to find one’s way into it.
2. It’s an exclusive art: it’s not a popular art and many people don’t like or understand it.
3. The length of most classical music pieces can send any listener to sleep.
4. Most people want the kind of music to which they can dance or just talk to friends.
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk on the topic “Music”.
Remember to say:
• The role of music in our life
• The understanding of classical music
• The types of modern music
• The kind of music you prefer and why
WORD FORMATION
Read the following text and fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold.
Primary schools in London are trying out an ambitious plan through which young
children get an _____________ (introduce) to serious music. The idea comes from a group of
famous ______________ (music) who are concerned about the _____________ (survive) of
certain types of classical music. They see the plan as one possible _____________ (solve) to the
problem of declining audiences at classical concerts.
Their ______________ (argue) is that an interest in classical music should be developed
in early __________________ (child). They reject the idea that children are ______________
(interesting) in serious music or necessarily find it boring. The group goes into a school and
gives a live ____________ (perform) or a short classical piece and then this is followed by an
_____________ (explain) of how the instruments work. These sessions have proved so
_________________ that they have now become a regular feature in some schools.
Read the following text and fill in the correct word derived from the words in bold.
The most _____________ (success) pop group in history was the Beatles and the
most__________ (excite) bands of the 1960s and 1970s were male bands. The Spice Girls
were____________ (usual) when they became____________ (fame) in the 1990s, but now
female pop groups are not only common but quite___________ (interest) from a__________
(music) point of view as well. But what happens when a schoolgirl suddenly becomes
very_____________ (wealth) and well known? She leaves behind the____________ (bore) life
other girl lead, earns a lot of money and buys____________ (expense) clothes. She
gets___________ (invite) to trendy parties. Will she forget all her old school friends?
Talent (Longman синий)

My ___________ (favour) composer is Chopin and I am fortunate enough to have a
friend who is also a very gifted ___________ (piano). As a _______________ (profession)
musician, she believes strongly that ___________ (music) ability is mostly something you learn,
not a ______________ (character) that you are born with. She thinks that ___________
(industry) students can improve their ability enormously. I feel really __________ (envy) when
I hear my friend perform and the ecstatic ____________ (respond) that she gets from her
audiences at the end of a ___________ (perform). Both the public and ______________
(criticize) agree that she is one of the country’s most talented _____________ (art). The huge
amount of money she earns gives her the ___________(free) to do almost anything that she
likes, which I. as a humble _________ (poem), cannot compete with.
C1 Personal Letter
This is a part of a letter from Sean, your English pen friend.
…I’m thinking of starting music lessons. Do you play any instruments? Have you
ever had lessons? I’m not really sure what instrument to choose. What do you
suggest? I want to be able to play pop music, I think..
Write back to Sean answering all his questions.

Remember the rules of letter writing.
C2
Millions of people all over the world are into different types of pop music; however a
great number of people claim that listening to modern pop music shows the lack of taste and
intelligence.
What can you say for and against pop music?

4. Conclusion.
For and against pop music

For
1. Young people search for new rhythms and new styles.
2. The words of the songs deal with the younger people’s world: their hopes, dreams,
disappointments and joys.
3. The new rhythms are full of vigor and force: just what appeals to young children. The
tunes are easily caught.
4. It is an experimental kind of music. Different groups are looking for new rhythms and
sometimes achieve really.
5. The popularity of the genre of pop music speaks in its favor. It attracts great masses of
young people. Why should we deprive them of the joy they obviously get from this music?
Against
1. The rhythms are new but they lack variety, it’s the same monotonous rhythm again and
again.
2. The tunes are mostly primitive as easily forgotten as caught.
3. The words of some songs are absolutely senseless. The songs often contain…
4. Medical research has proved beyond doubt that the volume of sound produced by
powerful music at some pop concerts does great damage both to senses of hearing and to the
nervous system. Cases of mass hysteria are not unusual at pop concerts.
MY FUTURE CAREER
In the life of every man is the time when he is to decide what he is going to be. It is
important to choose the right occupation but it is not easy to do. And it is always rather
regrettable when a man begins to doubt the use of his activities and realizes in the long run that
he has made a mistake. Some people go on living the way they are used to, reluctant or being
afraid to change anything, their lives become boring and dissatisfied. Others make a fresh start
and get engaged in the work they are cut out for.
Every job has its ups and downs. Besides, there are some popular professions but some
are not. From my point of view, the professions of a dustman, a builder or a miner are not
prestigious, but nevertheless we still can not do without them. That is why the problem of
prestige is subjective. I think the future profession should be interesting and meet the demands of
people. Besides, it is impossible to forget about the material aspect of the profession. It is
common knowledge that a good salary must give opportunity to satisfy all needs and
requirements of a person. It is interesting to notice that for some people job satisfaction is more
important than high salary.
Today the most popular professions are lawyers, economists, engineers and computer
operators. To be a designer is attractive too. These professions are undoubtedly prestigious. Most
of them are closely connected with the knowledge of foreign languages, especially English.
To get a prestigious job nowadays is not as easy as it may seem and you have to pass
several stages, the first of which is leaving school with good results. Then you have to go to
University and get a degree. The properly written CV and a letter of application are very
important steps in looking for a job. They are a bridge for an interview. If you want to do your
best try not to be late, dress formally and try to find about the company as much as possible
before the interview not after. You should also be polite, sociable and self-assured. Never ask
questions if you are not suggested to. But try to answer all possible questions of an interviewer to
show you are the person they need.
Finally, when you are given the job of your dreams try to remember everything you
know, be punctual, hard-working and do your best.
Translate and use in your own sentences:

1. Frankly speaking ….
2. To be well-grounded in the many subjects
3. To cut a long story short, I’d like to specialize in the sphere of ……..
4. To have work experience
People look for jobs at different places. One can:

• be employed by the government or a company
• work/be freelance
We often speak of:

• full-time jobs
• part-time jobs
• regular jobs
• odd jobs
Jobs can offer some prospects:

• promotion
• financial reward
• perks and bonuses
• good job opportunities
Jobs can be attractive and unattractive. These are some qualities that make them
such.
Attractive jobs Unattractive jobs

creative backbreaking
challenging boring
exciting dangerous
fulfilling exhausting
interesting messy
pleasant monotonous
popular not respected
prestigious tiring
satisfying
skilful
rewarding
well paid
Different jobs can require:

• special knowledge
• accuracy
• courage
• a good imagination
• a lot of (little) experience
• meeting people
• physical strength
• special training
• working from home/ traveling a lot
• working late (long) hours
• working night shifts
Are these jobs popular? Describe them and explain why you consider them
popular?
Accountant, airhostess, architect, (auto) mechanic, carpenter, chef, chemist, computer

operator, designer, surgeon, dentist, interpreter/translator, interior decorator, journalist, lawyer,
librarian, model, musician, nurse, photographer, police officer, programmer, editor, electrician,
engineer, estate agent, fashion designer, fireman, hairdresser, receptionist, secretary, social
worker, sport instructor, teacher, travel agent, vet, pharmacist, plumber, tailor, mason
Do you know that ……?
CV (Curriculum Vitae) – personal information, information about your education,
qualifications, skills and experience.
Letter of application – description of your personal qualities, qualifications and skills
required to a particular job, written in a form of a formal letter.
Here is a list of points which you might find important when you are looking for a
job. Which are the 3 most important and the 3 least important for you? Give your reasons.
• top wages
• opportunity to use your own ideas
• on-the-job training when you begin
• further training
• chance to help other people
• opportunity to become well-known
• outdoor work
• no special qualification needed
• regular working hours
• flexible working hours
• work in a team with friendly people
• opportunity to become self-employed
С3 STUDENT CARD
Give a 2-2.5 minute talk about your future profession
Remember to say:
• What important things you should keep in mind choosing a future job
• What role school plays in the choice of profession
• What job you are going to choose
Answer the question: “What steps are needed to be taken while looking for a job?”
Applying for a job

1/ Put each of the following words or phrases in its correct place in the passage below.
references short-list experiences vacancy qualifications fill in

interview applicants apply application form
In times of high unemployment there are usually very many (a) ________ when a (b)
___________is advertised. Sometimes large numbers of people (c) ___________, and send off
(d) __________for a single job. It is not unusual, in fact, for hundreds of people to (e)
___________ to a firm for one post. This number is reduced to a (f) ___________of perhaps six
or eight, from whom a final choice is made when they all attend an (g) ______________. Very
possibly the people interviewing will be interested in the (h) ________________the candidates
gained at school or university and what (i) ______________ they have had in previous jobs.
They will probably ask for (j) _____________ written by the candidates’ teachers and
employers.
Choosing the right job

2/ Instructions as above
commute salary prospects promotion retire
pension ambitious perks increments commission
Job satisfaction is important but I have a wife and a baby so I have to think about money
too. If a job interests me, I need to know what (a) _______________ it offers and also whether
there are regular annual increases, called (b) ________________. I want to know if I will receive
a (c) ____________ when I (d) _________ at the age of 60 or 65. If the job is selling product, I
ask if I’ll receive a percentage of the value of what I sell, called (e) ___________. It is also
important to know if there are extra advantages, like free meals or transport, or the use of a car.
These are called (f) ___________or fringe benefits. Are the future (g) _______________ good?
For example, is there a good chance of (h) _______________ to a better job, with more money
and responsibility? Is the job near my home? If it isn’t, I’ll have to (i) ______________ every
day and this can be very expensive. I’m very keen to be successful. I’m very (j)
_________________. I don’t want to stay in the same job all my life.
3/ Fill in the blanks. The first letter of each missing word has been given.
There is a lot of u______________ (1) nowadays so it is getting more and more difficult to get
the kind of j_______ (2) you really want. Then you have to decide what is more important to
you- how much you e______ (3) or job satisfaction? Do you prefer to work with your hands
(called manual work) or do you prefer to work in an office (called clerical work)? Do you prefer
to work indoors or o_________ (4)? Besides certain professions require different qualities and
abilities. Salespeople need to be p__________ (5) to get people to buy their products.
Receptionists should be p________ (6) in order to make people feel welcome. Surgeons must be
very a______________ (7) as they shouldn’t make mistakes in their work. A secretary has to be
e____________ (8) and c_________ (9) in order to do her work quickly and accurately. And
what qualities will you need in your future profession?
WORD FORMATION
4/ Read the text and put the words in brackets into the correct form.
A New Opportunity in __________ (inform) Technology!
Are you looking for a change? Are you __________ (bore) with your present job? Do
you need more __________ (vary) in your work? Are you __________ (energy) with good
people skills? Stop! A.T. Computers is offering an __________ (excite) new job in our Sales
Department, organizing a new __________ (advertise) campaign in the USA. It’s a __________
(challenge) position which involves traveling and a lot of __________ (responsible). If you are
__________ (interest) and have necessary experience and __________ (qualify), we will be
very __________ (please) to hear from you.
5/ Read the text and put the words in brackets into the correct form.
Dear Sir or Madam,
I read your____________ (advertise) in International Business magazine and I am
writing for more information concerning entry__________ (require) for the course in
English Language. Could you tell me what language____________ (qualify) are required? I
do not possess the First Certificate and would like to know if___________ (accept) on the
course depends on having the FCE? In fact, as I am an___________ (account) for an
international company I would be interested in a course which focuses on
language____________ (develop) for both social and____________ (busy) purposes. I
would also like to know the__________ (distant) from the college to London and
if__________ (attend) at all classes is obligatory, or whether an occasional___________
(absent) for purposes of travel be acceptable.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Nelson Fernandez.
6/ Fill in the correct word derived from the word in brackets.
Although recently there has been a small ______________ (reduce) in the number of
people out of work in Europe,_______________ (employ) is still the number one
_____________ (society) problem facing the fifteen member states of the European Union.
Moreover, _______________ (equal) of opportunity between men and women is still an issue
that_______________ (political) in many countries have not come to grips with. In
_______________ (profess) such as the law and engineering women are still noticeable by their
absence. __________________ (employ) still discriminate against female ___________
(employ) in a number of ways even if their __________________ (qualify) are the same as
those of men. It would be a pity if the ___________________ (achieve) of the EU on an
economic level were marred by __________________ (fail) in the vital area of social policy.

Job interviews
Many people feel very ____________ (nerve) about job interviews but remember the
interviews must have liked your _____________ (apply), so you only have to live up to their
_____________ (expect)! Before you go into the interview room, take a few deep
_____________ (breathe). If you think about something nice, that brings you a feeling of
_____________ (happy) then you will smile, and give an impression of __________
(confident). Make sure that you take all the right papers with you – if you forget something, you
could look _____________ (profession).
If they ask why you left your last job, don’t give a long ___________ (explain). You have a
right to your ___________ (private) and so do your previous employers. Any future employer
will like it if you show ____________ (loyal) to your old boss. Take your time to answer
questions, and relax. If you follow this _____________ (advise), you have a good chance of
getting the job!

Media career opportunities
Nowadays there is ___________ (vary) of career opportunities in the media. It is
possible to study ___________ (journalist) at most universities, many of which offer
___________ (option) courses in reporting on sports and ___________ (entertain). Newer
degrees in media studies, which where ___________ (available) as recently as ten years ago,
attract ___________ (enthusiasm) students from all over the country.
Some graduates prefer to work in ___________ (advertise) as it allows them to use their
___________ (create) in the ___________ (produce) of increasingly sophisticated TV and press
advertisements.
___________ (fortunate) no all graduates find work easily as there is still a lot of
___________ (employ) industry, but things are improving.
C1 Personal Letter
This is a part of a letter from your English pen friend.
...I need some money to go on holiday with my friends at the end of August. Do you
think I should find a job? Have you or any of your friends done summer jobs? I’m
thinking of working as a waiter for a few weeks. Do you think it’s a good idea? What
other jobs do you think I could do? And what do you think the problems might be? Let
me know what you think.
Write back soon.
Best wishes,
Sheryl
Write back to Sheryl answering her questions.

Ask 3 questions about the holiday she is going on with her friends.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
Read and discuss arguments for and against teenagers at work.

For
Working teenagers:
 get a taste of work at an early age
 earn extra pocket money
 get experience of a work place and society
 learn to handle money
 gain the sense of independence and self-respect
 become reliable and initiative
 Many parents can’t support their children at university or college. By working part-time
students can help their parents with their burden
Against
If you have a part-time job…
 you will be tired, you won’t be able to concentrate at school and you won’t be so healthy
 you won’t have enough time to do your homework and your school results will suffer
 you won’t have time to relax, to spend on hobbies or with your friends
 You won’t have a carefree childhood (there is plenty of work when you leave school)
C2
Composition type” for and against”.
Use the arguments above to write an argumentative composition on the following topic:
Millions of teenagers all over the world do part-time jobs. However, a great number of people
believe that teenagers have to study and that if they work after school, they won’t be able to
concentrate on their studies.
What can you say for and against working teenagers?
4. Conclusion.
C2
Many young people go to university after leaving school. However, a number of school-
leavers feel that university is not for them and it’s better to try to find a job and start earning
money as quickly as possible.
Do you agree that going to university is not an important step in finding a good job?

Follow the plan:
4. Conclusion.
Study the vocabulary, fill in the missing words
Use: I am very... ...is one of my strong points

truthful
accurate
adaptable adaptability
cooperative
creative creativity
quick-minded
flexible flexibility
energetic
organized organization
persistent
punctual punctuality
responsible
tactful tact
determined
intelligent
Использованная литература:
1. Боярская Ю.А. Английский язык. Руководство для подготовки к экзамену. М.,
«АСТ», «Астрель», 2004.
2. Музланова Е.С., Кисунько Е.И. Английский язык. Экспресс-репетитор для
подготовки к ЕГЭ. Грамматика и лексика. М., «АСТ», «Астрель», 2008.
3. Музланова Е.С., Кисунько Е.И. Английский язык. Экспресс-репетитор для
подготовки к ЕГЭ. Письмо. М., «АСТ», «Астрель», 2009.
4. Музланова Е.С., Кисунько Е.И. Тесты по английскому языку для подготовки к
экзаменам. М., «АСТ», «Астрель», 2004.
5. Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylor-Knowles. Macmillan Exam Skills for Russia: Grammar
and Vocabulary. 2006.
6. Беспалова О.Г. Developing communication skills in English. СПб., СМИО Пресс, 2005.
7. Virginia Evans. Round-up Grammar Practice 6. Longman, 2007.
8. Luke Prodromou. Grammar and Vocabulary for First Certificate. Longman, 2007.
9. Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. Enterprise 4. Express Publishing, 2002.
10. Michael Harris, David Mower, Anna Sikorzyńska. Opportunities Upper Intermediate.
Longman, 2002.
11. Longman Exam Dictionary. Pearson Education, 2006.
12. B.J.Thomas. Intermediate Vocabulary. Longman, 1999.
13. Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylor-Knowles. Laser Pre-FCE. Macmillan, 2004.
14. А.П.Миньяр-Белоручева. Сборник разговорных тем по английскому языку. М.,
2004.
15. Т.Ю.Дроздова, И.В.Ларионова. Английский для подготовки к экзаменам. СПб.,
«Антология», 2006.
16. Словарь Dictionary of contemporary English. Pearson education limited, 2003.
17. В.М.Павлоцкий. Учебное пособие по английскому языку для 10-11 классов
гимназий и школ с углубленным изучением английского языка. СПб, 1996.
18. Longman New First Certificate Gold , 2004.
19. Т.Киреева. Пособие для подготовки к единому государственному экзамену по
английскому языку. СПб, Вторая Санкт Петербургская гимназия, 2004.
20. Т.Киреева. Пособие для подготовки и ЕГЭ по английскому языку (говорение,
письмо). СПб., 2005.
21. В.М.Павлоцкий. Учебное пособие для 10-11 классов и школ с углубленным
изучением английского языка. СПб., «Каро», 1999.
22. А.И.Афиногенова. Практикум по разговорному английскому языку и переводу.
Учебное пособие. СПб., «Союз», 2004.
23. В.М.Павлоцкий, М.А.Храмова. 20 topics for free conversation. Учебное пособие.
СПб., «Каро», 2001.
24. Интернет-ресурс http://www.wikipedia.ru

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Рекомендации по написанию письма личного характера

Travelling c69 Laser

Destination, stopover, jetlag, souvenir, abroad, self-catering, resort, adventure holiday,

Write 200-250 words.

Form a word that fits each gap

MASS MEDIA IN THE MODERN WORLD

viewers subjective mass media quiz shows indoctrinate

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS

Do you know that…...?

Can you add more names?

Write 200-250 words.

Write 200-250 words.

CRIME AND PUNISHMENT

1. Match the criminals with the descriptions.

1. thief a. someone who kills somebody else on purpose

2. Match each punishment to the description

4. Complete the following chart.

5. Match the crimes in the box to the descriptions (1-10).

arson burglary forgery hijacking mugging pick pocketing

1. I caught him just as he was taking my wallet from my back pocket.

the accused witness policeman jury judge defense lawyer

1. somebody who has been charged with committing a crime

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss

CRIME and PUNISHMENT

What makes people commit crimes? Do you agree?

• Social conditions: poverty and drug/alcohol addiction

1. A problems B defense C trouble D court

Crime laser c143

Write 200-250 words.

Follow the plan:

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss

GLOBAL PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD

1. The crops have failed again and ............... is widespread.

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan:

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

Answer the questions:

Write 200-250 words.

Use the following plan:

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss.

SEASONS AND WEATHER

Answer the question:

Write 200-250 words.

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss

Talent (Longman синий)

This is a part of a letter from Sean, your English pen friend.

Write back to Sean answering all his questions.

Write 200-250 words.

For and against pop music

Read the text, learn the vocabulary and discuss

Translate and use in your own sentences:

People look for jobs at different places. One can:

We often speak of:

Jobs can offer some prospects:

Attractive jobs Unattractive jobs

Different jobs can require:

Accountant, airhostess, architect, (auto) mechanic, carpenter, chef, chemist, computer

Applying for a job