Kinetic Energy:

Definition: Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.
Formula: The kinetic energy (KE) of an object with mass
?
m and velocity
?
v is given by the formula
?
?
=
1
2
?
?
2
KE=
2
1
?
mv
2
.
Units: The SI unit of kinetic energy is joules (J).
Kinetic energy depends on both mass and velocity. A heavier object or a faster-
moving object will have more kinetic energy.

Linear Momentum:

Definition: Linear momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity. It
is a vector quantity.
Formula: The linear momentum (
?
p) of an object with mass
?
m and velocity
?
v is given by the formula
?
=
?
?
p=mv.
Units: The SI unit of linear momentum is kilogram-meter per second (kg�m/s).
Linear momentum is conserved in an isolated system (a system with no external
forces), according to the law of conservation of linear momentum.

The relationship between kinetic energy and linear momentum can be expressed in
terms of velocity. The kinetic energy can be written in terms of linear momentum as
follows:

?
?
=
?
2
2
?
KE=
2m
p
2

This equation highlights the fact that kinetic energy depends on the square of the
object's momentum and is inversely proportional to its mass.

In summary, while kinetic energy is related to the square of an object's velocity

and is a scalar quantity, linear momentum is a vector quantity directly
proportional to velocity. Both concepts are essential for understanding and
analyzing the motion of objects in classical mechanics.

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