Professional Documents
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Year 8 - 10-19-23
Year 8 - 10-19-23
Year 8 - 10-19-23
• Vitamins and minerals that are needed by the body in small amounts
Vitamin Function Sources Examples of deficiencies
• Needed for good eyesight (especially in Carrot
the dark) Foods made from milk
A • Helps white blood cells fight pathogens Green vegetables Night blindness
(immune response) Pumpkin
• Helps with healthy skin and tissues Egg yolk
Nuts
• Essential for energy and Whole grains Beri-beri (Vitamin B12
B
cell metabolism Beans deficiency)
Meat
• Helps immune system
Scurvy (swollen, bleeding
C • Helps skin health Citrus fruits (oranges, lemons)
gums; teeth can fall out)
• Keeps blood vessels and bones healthy
• Helps bone and teeth strength Sunlight (absorbed by skin)
D Rickets (soft, bent bones)
• Helps to absorb calcium Oily fish (cod liver oil)
Oils (canola oil, olive oil)
• Antioxidant (prevents cell damage) Nerve and muscle damage
E Margarine
• Helps immune system Muscle weakness
Nuts (peanuts, almonds)
K • Important for blood clotting Leafy green vegetables (kale, spinach) Excessive bleeding
Fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K Water-soluble vitamins: B, C
Mineral Function Sources Examples of deficiencies
Making red blood cells (haemoglobin) Red meat Anaemia (lack of blood cells →
Iron
(important for delivering oxygen to cells) Leafy green vegetables lack of oxygen)
Milk
Cheese (milk products) Osteoporosis (weak bones →
Calcium Promoting strong bones and teeth
Sardines bones can break easily)
Kale
Bananas
Regulate blood pressure Increased blood pressure
Potassium Apricots, prunes
Ensure proper function of muscles and nerves Muscle cramps
Potatoes
The weightlifter uses his muscles to lift weights. The (c) List four other nutrients the weightlifter should
muscles ________________ to make the weights include in his diet aside from protein and
move. This uses energy. The muscles get the energy carbohydrates.
(c) Patient C has bleeding gums and is missing a few explain appearance of the bones in the X-ray?
teeth.
(d) Patient D finds it difficult to defecate and has some (b) Name two nutrients that Andrew can take to treat