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IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE IN BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
IN
Rizal 203
Rizal's Tripartite View of History
A. Bipartite vs Tripartite view of history

SUBMITTED TO:
Ms. Danisa Mantulac

SUBMITTED BY:
Alvaro, Cyrus Arigo Joseph
Badillo, Crizeny Joy
Basilio, Jovelyn Ina M.
Buan, Janine
Cabusao, Rayanne
Canlapan, Allen O.
Carlos, John Lloyd
Castro, Quiona
Guevarra, Angel M.

November 2023
Introduction
What is Bipartite and Tripartite?

Bipartite

 "Bi" means "two," and "partite" refers to "parts" or divisions.

 Bipartite means something is divided or classified into two distinct parts or categories. It can be used in

various contexts, such as in politics, biology, or history, to indicate a dichotomous or two-fold division.

Tripartite

 "Tri" means "three," and "partite" refers to "parts" or divisions.

 Tripartite means something is divided or classified into three distinct parts or categories. This term is

also used in different contexts to indicate a three-fold division, organization, or classification.

These terms are often employed to describe structures, systems, agreements, or any situation where division into

two or three components is relevant. The choice between bipartite and tripartite depends on the specific context

and the number of divisions or categories being discussed.

BIPARTITE VS. TRIPARTITE

Jose Rizal's personal experience of an equal treatment conferred to fellow folks in Calamba regarding

land dispute in 1887 serve us his last straw of faith to the colonial regime. He had already reached the point of

conclusion that the Philippines had no future if it remained a colony of Spain. Thus his transformation of

consciousness had come to full circle at the onset of his second sojourn to Europe 1888 -1892 Rizal now had a

clear mission to imagine a separate Filipino nation. To do this Rizal so historical scholarship to destroy the evils

of Spanish colonialism.

There were efforts to combat colonialism using history by other Filipinos before him. Fr. Jose Burgos,

The leading icon of the secularization movement and whose works greatly influenced Rizal, championed this

though inaccurate in most of his historical accounts. Isabelo Delos Reyes, a notable Filipino journalist, volume
volumes of newspaper articles on Philippines history; albeit relegated to limited value only by his

contemporaries.

The infamous Pedro Paterno the architect of the Truce of Biak-na-bato in (1898), also devoted his life

while in Madrid Spain venturing on historical writing; but his works were merely showing the sameness of the

Spanish and Filipino culture prior to colonization. Nevertheless all this proved the growing interest of Filipinos

to defend themselves through past narratives. Such Filipino approach alarmed the Spaniards and propelled them

to revive the old colonial myth of lazy natives, a belief in the indolence of Filipino as the road cost of societal

stagnation in the Philppines.

This was backed up by another colonial ideology of “ingrate” Filipino’s who entertained the prospect of

expelling the priors and the possibility of a separate Filipino nation in the 19th century. The fundamental thesis

was to blame the natives for their barbarism and stupidity, which intern resulted to general backwardness.

Guardians of the empire were mostly friars and apologies like Barrantes ,Rentana and Quioquiap, who

relentlessly criticized Filipinos further in gratitude to Mother Spain.

Historiography as the bipartite view of history.

• It refers to the biased vision of colonialist to their colony to justify the perpetuation of colonial status quo.

• It can be easily understood by this twofold framework. Darkness-light (dilim- liwanag). Darkness here is

metaphorically pertaining two backwardness while light means civilization.In the context of Spaniard

colonialism it advances the idea that the Philippines had no civilization (kadiliman) before the advent of

Spanish colonialism. But when the Spaniards conquered the archipelago civilization (liwanag) came afterward.

TRIPARTITE VIEW OF HISTORY

It refers to the idea of the colonial subjects against their colonizers to deny the nobility of colonialism. The

threefold framework is light-darkness-light (liwanag-dilim-muling liwanag). The approach centers on how 300

years of Spanish rule in the Philippines ruined the advanced civilization of early Filipinos and the possibility of

returning to their glorious years when colonialism is eliminated.

The Tripartite view of history preoccupied the minds of many Filipino Illustrados who studied in Europe in 19th

century. Propagating it, however was not the end game as it appeared only to be throwing, stones at each other.

Telling the Spaniards that they ruined the Philippines was efficient because it would only be branded as

accusations and black propaganda. What the Filipinos needed that time were solid evidence that could rival the

more dominant views expressed by colonial sentinels.

References:

Cruz, N. D. (n.d.). Rizal’s Tripartite View of History. prezi.com. https://prezi.com/p/nw29b9vzxl81/rizals-

tripartite-view-of-history/

A Legacy of the Propaganda: The Tripartite View of Philippine History. (n.d.). Retrieved November 8, 2023,

from https://www.wheninmanila.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/A-Legacy-of-the-Propaganda-The-

Tripartite-View-of-Phil-History.pdf

Philippine Culture - 764 Words | www2.bartleby.com. (n.d.). https://www2.bartleby.com/essay/Philippine-

Culture-FCCT6M2D4R