University of Koya

College of Education
Department of English
Stage 1

Prepared: Karwan Ismail

Lecture: Reading Skills
For Mr. Hedi

Climate Change

13/11/2023
Introduction
Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing humanity
today. It is the long-term alteration of temperature and typical
weather patterns in a place. Climate change could refer to a particular
location or the planet as a whole. Climate change may cause weather
patterns to be less predictable. This report will discuss the causes,
effects, and potential solutions for climate change.
Causes of Climate Change
The primary cause of climate change is human activity, specifically the
burning of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas,
release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat
from the sun, causing the planet's temperature to rise.

Other human activities that contribute to

climate change include:

1) Deforestation: Trees remove carbon dioxide from the

atmosphere, so cutting down trees reduces the amount of
carbon dioxide that can be absorbed.

2) Industrial processes: Many industrial processes release

greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

3) Agriculture: Agriculture releases greenhouse gases, such as

methane and nitrous oxide, into the atmosphere.
Effects of Climate Change
Climate change is having a wide range of effects on the planet,
including:

1) Rising sea levels: As the planet's temperature rises, ice caps and
glaciers are melting, causing sea levels to rise. This is leading to
coastal erosion, flooding, and saltwater intrusion into
freshwater sources.

2) Extreme weather events: Climate change is making extreme

weather events, such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and
wildfires, more frequent and intense.

3) Changes in plant and animal life: Climate change is causing

changes in plant and animal life, as species are forced to move
to cooler climates or adapt to new conditions.

4) Impacts on human health: Climate change is having a number of

impacts on human health, including heat-related illnesses,
respiratory problems, and waterborne diseases.
Potential Solutions
There are several potential solutions to climate change, including:

1) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions: This can be done by

transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as solar and
wind power, and by improving energy efficiency.

2) Protecting forests: Forests play an important role in removing

carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, so it is important to
protect existing forests and plant new trees.

3) Adapting to the impacts of climate change: Some of the impacts

of climate change are already occurring, and we need to adapt
to them by building seawalls, improving water management
systems, and developing more drought-resistant crops.
Conclusion
Climate change is a serious threat to the planet and its inhabitants.
However, there are several potential solutions that can be
implemented to address this issue. By taking action to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the impacts of climate
change, we can protect our planet for future generations.
References

1) National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) - Climate

Change: https://climate.nasa.gov/

2) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC):

https://www.ipcc.ch/

3) United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC): https://unfccc.int/

4) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Climate Change:

https://www.epa.gov/climate-change