Inversions

Subject-Verb-Object

I am tall.
Interrogative question:
Are you tall?

We bought a new car.

Interrogative question:
(Auxiliary verb) Did you buy a new car?

1st - highly possible likely future

results - Should
If I have time, I will buy some groceries
Inverted - Should I have time, I will buy
some groceries
2nd - When the situation is impossible
+ highly unlikely. Results are in the
present or future (past participle used)

If I were you, I would go to the shops

Inverted - Were I you, I would go to the
shops.

3rd - Hypothetical past situation that

affects past results.

If I had won the lottery, I would have

bought a new house.
Inverted - Had I won the lottery, I would
have bought a new house.

FORMALITY.
Negative adverbials of frequency

Normal = Subject + adverbial + verb + object

You rarely come to class.

Inverted = adverbial + auxiliary verb + Subject +

main verb + object
Rarely do you come to class.

Rarely, sometimes, hardly ever, hardly,

seldom, at no point, never.

She did not put gas in her car.

She, at no point, did put any gas in her

car.

At no point did she put gas in her car.

Gas prices have become way too
expensive.
Negative agreement adverbial. Inversion

Neither, nor do I, so do I.

I don’t like tomatoes, neither do you.

I don’t have any homework, nor do you

I do not usually wake up at 6am, nor do I

like to wake up at 5 am.
CAUSATIVE VERBS + FORMS

True causative verbs - (to) Have, (to)

Make, (to) Let

Let - the subject (I) allows the

object/person (the doctor) do something
they want to do.

Subject + causative V. + object + main

verb+ M.V object

I let the doctor heal me

Have - Minimal force.
Subject/causer + causative V. + M.V
object + bare infinitive (by the
object/causee)

- It means (indicates) payment for a

service.
- It can also mean rank, hierarchy, rank,
status.
I had my room cleaned by a cleaner.

I had my brother clean my room. - more

formal

GET - Subject/causer + causative V. +

object/causee + to infinitive verb + M.V
object
I got my brother to clean my room. -
informal
Bare infinitive - clean, make, talk, eat
To infinitive - to clean, to make, to talk,
to eat

to Make - force someone to do

something. Greater resistance (they don’t
want to do it).
Subject/causer + causative V. +
object/causee + main verb + M.V object

The scammer makes me transfer

money.
The teacher makes the student
complete their homework.
The school makes students wear
uniforms.
Subject + causative + possessive +
object + main verb + time adverbial

I had to have a copy of the report you

sent
Do you have/get your hair done at
Alleycatz by a hairdresser

We will have three new phone lines

installed (by electricians)

The photographers had their bags

searched at the airport (by security)