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Complex
I ftz s a
functioy
debne at eneay pt on uhve
tom plex
Do plex Vasuabe
uve fom poin
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chey
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Cutiv) Cdat idy)

B vdztudy)
dt-vd) tiC
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xample uave
' c tom Co, 0
the
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tn)y:*2
z
C11whele Cis y
dz dxt
idy
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J d z tidatixdz - z z )

2i(x dr) =>2i|

Cio y z

Jcatiy). Cdatidy)
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cly:2zdz>

Cti.Cdotic2zdd

+il2a. dz)
-

zd + . d
23, dr

( - 2 + i (a2 +2z).dr
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Z T a Complex TunL
point 20 and alk dif
&D dith
difteren table a
atvey point in Sone naiqhboushoud
Point 2 hen the uncto tzs u callsda
andyhc functron at a pt 2»Zo.
Netogal4 Condctwn
Satisky the Cauchy- Riehann apuatro)
Du v and v
tl utiv
orshructiow o Anadytc fundion,.
Cu) Mine-homson methd,
Step - f2)=utiv
d
4t2-u-il
Se aReplate 2 ky*o
 Step 3: 3oth ate
C C,tC2i
If Vx.uAtz,y): ?
utiv
4: fc2)=
Step
c2-uxtVx

PCz=Vy +V
Slep2 Replau y
Sep 3 oh integae
C: C+ic2

3xy-z3 8 ral padt.

Examle ula, p-
fc2), hen fcz):
tcz):
tuncbon
analync

y)» z -u4
Se 1: f '(x,
U 3y-b3x2

Uy b2Z9
fCa. (3y-3)il6xq

Step2: :f2 , y *
( y ) (3(0)-32*)- ico
-3z2 f-sz = -z
 f.y:

Exampe Tf v= loq (z2y2) +z-2y, f(z>=u

analyhic tuncdion, the
hen ft2)=

Stup f lcz=Vy + LVz

Va (22to+1
(z
2 +
y
y C2yto) to-2

2y - 2

(7p
2y
2ty2
Stp z -z, y*0
2

Stup
F2-2+(2H2}
 ft2)= -22+if2 loazt2tC
f 2 - 2 z + i f 2 0q2tJ+C|

omulas.
thaorem
and
Lne1al
auchy'S
the bm d fcaP
2-20
If frz) in
u i in
in oh
on a

at eey point
C2 anayde in&ide ha clete4
ingide thacle*s
ueVe c',
uhea Zo is
ded
Cusnve 'cl.

fc2dz
z-20
C

21TE OCZo)
fomda tox olerivatve
auchy's Inug ral
+em.
If fc2 in
Th2 onm ot t(2)=DC2)
Cz-2
s analyhc af evey point aitR in
and
'c uhn Zoinßde he
cled CLO)
orv a
6fe)dz 2J - z t dz 2ri $(z»),
 3e+Sinhzt2 .dz 7 -4)
Exampe
Example (z 4°C2
-

8)8 z-al -D
Cis the ircle
Shadd
ondi ton 20
hae
We
ci'ela
be injda the
2
Zo 6 X
Zo 8 X
ircle c
Zo 4, 8 Duthole he
fc2.dz - o.

share cis the arcle | : 5 .

Jet32
C C2-22 a-D,r-5

Zo

e+32
cCz-2 Cz-220
C

2Ti C20)
:2
4o) 2 i (e
 2m (e2+3)

arcle
i he
z
.dz, whoe'C
2 - 2 ( 2 - 3 2

24af2. /2-3/ /2
/2-31YV2

3
r- V2
a

o the aave
2- autsicle
Zo
cuAve
3 ingide the
Zo

dz
Ca-2
2 ga )
C2-3)

.h:1, Z-3
2 z-2
2Ti (¢'2)
2T plZ
1

C2-2C1)-
zCID (%)
2T
Cz-22

2T CIDCID 3 C )

CIO
-4T
 otn
d z
6e ,2 EN

C24 C2 HO (2,2

F2,-2
C C24 C24 d C2-2)

az e
CzH)

21T (e2o= 2TiCe)

2ie'- 2hie e dz a e

e-Ti Evaunk

e
,)(a-1)
layler'S Lauvents Seneg
laylor'S Theoem
If fc2 s anadytc at
eay pointuikin a drcle chaing cane a
 then td veny point 2 inide cthe
uncon tl2) an e express ed as a poWer
Z-20 oy a b a t
Senes iv pet hve power o
2
a point z -Zo.
fczfCzoD+(z-Z»f Cz0I +(2-2
2

An (2-2D)"

fc2)
an 4(20) . 2TC2-2*

Lauren+'s horem

i i d e he ing
shaped O O by
point uth Conreat
ene aF
nanhic Grca C& C2
o
C7220,)hen
2
Zoepechve vadii &
R h e un ctron
pt z uthin
s eny
be expregsed a3 tvek -

e pome
fcz) a n bn
t7-2n) tha 4) 2a"(t-a)+ he1
 (7
n
42) dz
Endus

bns
2Ti z-20

Ne have standaud senes pankcn

Teler to Calalug rotus)
For PYoble ms alko reer (alculu
hotus

Cauchy - Riem ann Equatons

Neassaly Londih on tbr a

Complex fun ctron ft2)sulz,y) +i VZq)
earalyh ad

famia1- The tonstanBs 'a2'b' 3uch ha

t2 a-y25 +ibxy analyte e
a pt
CAD 2 b CBa=b Cc a-2b C2ab
o
tt2)- a(z4-p)+ibzy
utiv a(n2 -y2)tibry

ualz2-y*), V= bxy y,
Vz: -Uy
U a2)
ybz
uya2)
u-y Vz: -uy

2a =b by: 20
b 2a
2a-b

Omect

Rendue 7Raovem
Rndue Maona
Ras due oo auchus uhih
fc2 is analy ic
exeptata
Contour C,
clesed
a
and on
on
insde
insd e hen
c , hen
thi tz ho
opoles
2 £ R
te2dz >

R is e
Bum o Tedues
wsthi C
whe Pees
nnt al
Pole
Fomule heoe2m
Cauchy'S Resdue heoren
Enampla
2 dz C>]2= 2 5
evduakr
JC2-4>(2-2
C
Cz-2) 20
i)
C21': o
2:27Snple poe 2
z
i Resfl2 in (zAz Cih Rastep:
22
Z dz
C2-I2 (245-L-2
-3
Ne have DNdi doM
I f 2 Zo is Smple pole
Res (2) - lim c2-200fC2)
Z-2o
2 T 2 -Zo s pola o oder
Poe Ordes
RIs fzo)=1in d C2-2
m- 22o dz L tzo
 N
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N
N

N
N N
N NL

N
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Comple x fom of touner Sees

S
N w W
UN S S
 SRM INSTITUTE OFSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGY TUV
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Cx Find the tomplex to o the
bunes senes t ( o = e in K1
Complex oy o touner eneg in
(-A,)
in T/e
h-
ohene -inTT/ dz
Cn Cx)e
Hoa,
Pa)= Cn
hE-D
Cn la fae 1 d
2 e
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e et
S i n h oe - e l
tini
Cn ( _Sinh
tinT
ubs in qn CI
ibTX
SinhU e
hT
C-1
h - 1tinT
C-1xC-inNT)
e
Sinh)
n- citin2CI-
(-1C-in TT) intt
Snh
2-CintTR
n-
-1'(1-iT)_inm
e
inm
Sinhl S
fca h- +h2
2
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V2

-CItim)x
2e -

L-C1t

e
-CtiT
e
aim)L
h
eh e.e

(tiNT L

T-SnnT (-1 -10--IH

-in

ein oSNT
SinTi(-13+
(-)V

Cn2014im) t - 0 e ' e(-D

e

tinTT