3.

2 SHEAR FORCE & BENDING MOMENT

 SHEAR FORCE & BENDING MOMENT

 The external loading results in developing the internal forces and

internal couples that act on cross sections of the beam.
 Internal force is referred as Shear Force (𝑉) and internal couple is
referred as Bending Moment (𝑀).
 Both the shear force and the bending moment act in the plane of the
beam.
 Shear forces and bending moments are the resultants of stresses
distributed over the cross section. Therefore, these quantities are known
collectively as stress resultants.
 For cut section,

෍ 𝐹𝑉 = 0 𝑃 − 𝑉 = 0 or 𝑉 = 𝑃 ෍𝑀 = 0 𝑀 − 𝑃𝑥 = 0 or 𝑀 = 𝑃𝑥
 SIGN CONVENTIONS

 A positive shear force acts clockwise against the

material and a negative shear force acts
counterclockwise against the material.
 A positive bending moment compresses the upper
part of the beam and a negative bending moment
compresses the lower part.
 EXAMPLES
 Find the shear force V and bending moment M in the beam at cross sections
located as follows: (a) a small distance to the left of the midpoint of the beam,
and (b) a small distance to the right of the midpoint of the beam.
 EXAMPLES
 Find the shear force V and bending moment M in the beam at cross sections
located as follows: (a) a small distance to the left of the midpoint of the beam,
and (b) a small distance to the right of the midpoint of the beam.
 EXAMPLES
 A cantilever beam that is free at end A and fixed at end B is subjected to a
distributed load of linearly varying intensity q. The maximum intensity of the
load occurs at the fixed support and is equal to q0. Find the shear force V and
bending moment M at distance x from the free end of the beam.
 EXAMPLES
 A cantilever beam that is free at end A and fixed at end B is subjected to a
distributed load of linearly varying intensity q. The maximum intensity of the
load occurs at the fixed support and is equal to q0. Find the shear force V and
bending moment M at distance x from the free end of the beam.
 EXAMPLES
 Calculate the shear force V and bending moment M at cross section m kN
D from the left-hand support. N/m

m m
 EXAMPLES
 Calculate the shear force V and bending moment M at cross section m kN
D from the left-hand support. N/m

m m