BS EN 474-12:2022

Earth-moving machinery - Safety

Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators

bsi.
BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 474-12:2022

ICS 53.100

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from

legal obligations.
This British Standard was published under the authority of the
Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2022.

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

Date Text affected
 BS EN 474-12:2022

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 474-12

NORME EUROPEENNE

EUROPAISCHE NORM March 2022

JCS 5 3.100 Supersedes EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008

English Version

Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 12: Requirements

for cable excavators
Engins de terrassement - Securite - Partie 12 : Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 12: Anforderungen
Prescriptions applicables aux pelles a cables fiir Seilbagger

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.

EUROPEA NCOMMITTEE FORSTA NDA RDIZATION

C OMITE EUROPEE N D E NORMALIS A T I O N
EUROPAISCHES KOMIT E E FUR NORMU NG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 474-12:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Contents Page

European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 6
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 7
4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures............................................... 9
4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
4.2 Access .................................................................................................................................................................. 9
4.3 Operator's station ........................................................................................................................................... 9
4.4 Seat 9
.......................................................................................................................................................................

4.5 Operator's controls and indicators ........................................................................................................ 10

4.6 Steering system ............................................................................................................................................. 10
4.7 Swing brakes .................................................................................................................................................. 10
4.8 Stability ............................................................................................................................................................ 10
4.9 Excavator operation .................................................................................................................................... 13
4.10 Lifting operation ........................................................................................................................................... 17
4.11 Cable excavator with electrical power source ................................................................................... 17
4.12 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................................... 17
5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures ....... 18
6 Information for use ..................................................................................................................................... 20
6.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 20
6.2 Operator's manual ....................................................................................................................................... 20
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards ......................................................................................... 22
Annex B (normative) Performance and test requirements for cable excavator swing brakes .... 27
B.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 27
B.2 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................ 27
B.3 Minimum performance .............................................................................................................................. 27
B.4 Conditions for testing the swing service brake ................................................................................. 2 9
Annex C (informative) Illustrations .................................................................................................................... 30
C.1 Standard applications................................................................................................................................. 30
C.2 Special applications ..................................................................................................................................... 33
C.3 Wheel type cable excavator in transport position for road travelling ..................................... 35
Annex D (informative) Examples of free-fall operation and activation ................................................ 36
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered.................................................. 40
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 45

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EN 474-12:2022 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 474-12:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 "Construction
equipment and building material machines - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2024.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008.

This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.

For bibliographic references, see EN 474-1:2022.

EN 474 "Earth-moving machinery - Safety" comprises the following parts:

Part 1: General requirements

Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers

Part 3: Requirements for loaders

Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders

Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators

Part 6: Requirements for dumpers

Part 7: Requirements for scrapers

Part 8: Requirements for graders

Part 9: Requirements for pipelayers

Part 10: Requirements for trenchers

Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors

Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators

Part 13: Requirements for rollers

This document is intended for use in combination with part 1 of the series.

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The main differences between this document and EN 474-12:2006+A1:2008 are as follows:

a) normative references (Clause 2) (revised and updated);

b) definitions (Clause 3) (revised and updated);

c) list of significant hazards (Annex A) (revised and updated);

d) requirements for operative protective structures (revised);

e) free-fall requirements (revised);

f) verification methods table (Clause 5) (added);

g) stability requirements (revised and updated);

h) requirements for swing brake (revised);

i) illustrations (updated);

j) Annex ZA (updated).

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users' national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.

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EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Introduction

This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);

health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);

machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);

consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-B
standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.

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1 Scope

This document together with EN 474-1:2022 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events relevant to cable excavators when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse which are
reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A) associated with the whole lifetime of the
machine as described in EN ISO 12100:2010, 5.4.
The requirements of this document are complementary to the common requirements formulated in
EN 474-1:2022. This document does not repeat the requirements of EN 474-1:2022 but supplements or
modifies the requirements for cable excavators.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not provide performance requirements for safety related functions of control
system(s).
The following significant and relevant hazards are not covered in this document:
Laser;
Lightning.
Drilling and foundation equipment (covered by EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021 to
EN 16228-7:2014+A1:2021) are not dealt with in this document.
This document does not provide requirements for main electrical circuits and drives of machinery when
the primary source of energy is an external electrical supply.
This document does not deal with demolition machinery.
This document is not applicable to cable excavators which are manufactured before the date of
publication of this document by CEN.

2 Normative references

The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 474-1:2022, Earth-moving machinery-Safety-Part 1: General requirements

EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 1: Common

requirements

EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, Cranes-Mobile cranes

EN 14502-2:2005+A1:2008, Cranes-Equipment for the lifting of persons-Part 2: Elevating control

stations

EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery-Electrical equipment of machines-Part 32: Requirements for

hoisting machines (!EC 60204-32:2008)

EN ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery-Access systems {ISO 2867:2011)

EN ISO 6165:2012, Earth-moving machinery-Basic types-Identification and terms and definitions

(ISO 6165:2012)

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EN ISO 7096:2020, Earth moving machinery-Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration

(ISO 7096:2020)

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery-General principles for design -Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)

ISO 7546:1983, Earth-moving machinery-Loader and front loading excavator buckets-Volumetric

ratings

ISO 10262:1998+Cor. 1:2009, Earth-moving machinery-Hydraulic excavators-Laboratory tests and

performance requirements for operator protective guards; Technical Corrigendum 1

ISO 10567:2007, Earth-moving machinery-Hydraulic excavators-Lift capacity

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 474-1:2022, EN ISO 12100:2010
and the following apply.
NOTE 1 Terminology for hydraulic excavators are specified in ISO 713 5 :2009.

NOTE 2 Terminology for cable excavators are specified in ISO 1 5 219:2004 and illustrated in Annex C of this
document.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/

ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp

3.1
cable excavator
excavator (see 4.4 of EN ISO 6165:2012), having a wire rope-operated upper structure primarily
designed for excavating (e.g. with a dragline bucket, a front shovel or grab, a chisel), for compacting
material (e.g. with a compaction plate), for demolition work (e.g. by hook or ball) and for material
handling with special equipment and attachment

[SOURCE: EN ISO 6165:2012, 4.4.3, modified]

3.2
boom hoist system
system which consists of the boom and its adjustment mechanism

Note 1 to entry: Boom hoist system can consist of e.g. lower-, intermediate- and head-section, the A- frame system
and the boom hoist winch system, hydraulic-mechanical adjustment mechanism.

3.3
lift system
parts of the machine used for earth-moving-, demolition-, compaction- and lifting operation (e.g. with
hook assembly) application which consists of the main winch system

3.4
lifting and lowering operation
lifting and lowering of a load without disengaging the lifting drum and the lift drive system

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3.5
free-fall
intentional drop of a tool enabled by a complete or partially controlled disengagement of the lifting drum
and the lift drive system

Note 1 to entry: The lifted tool is falling only by gravity.

3.5.1
free-fall operation
setting up of the machine in which the free-fall function can be activated

3.5.1.1
automatic free-fall operation
triggering and braking of free-fall is done by the control system without intervention of the operator

3.5.1.2
manual free-fall operation
triggering and braking of free-fall is done by the operator

3.5.2
free-fall function
function to enable free-fall

3.5.3
triggering of free-fall
action (manual or automatic) that causes the starting of the free-fall

3.5.4
free-fall brake
device to decelerate and hold a winch drum which is disconnected from its drive by a lifting winch
disconnecting system

3.5.5
lifting winch disconnecting system
system to disengage the lift drive system from the lifting drum

Note 1 to entry: This system can also be used as free-fall brake.

3.6
dynamic compaction
compacting ground by dynamic impact of a pounder weight

3.7
hoisting rope
rope intended to lift the load in vertical direction

3.8
digging rope
rope intended to be used for earth moving application to pull the tool, e.g. a dragline bucket

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EN 474-12:2022 (E)

3.9
closing rope
rope intended to be used for opening and closing, e.g. a grab

Note 1 to entry: A closing rope can also be used to lift the load, mainly in vertical direction.

4 Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures

4.1 General

4.1.1 Context

Cable excavators shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures
of this clause. In addition, the machines shall be designed according to the principles of
EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but not significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
4.1.2 Specific relation to EN 474-1

Cable excavators shall comply with the requirements of EN 474-1:2022, as far as not modified or replaced
by the requirements of this part
4.2 Access

EN 474-1:2022, 4.2.1 shall apply with the following addition:

Access systems shall be provided to ensure access to the positions for assembly/dismantling of elements
assembled on the site; particularly boom sections, shrouds, ropes and shall comply with
EN ISO 2867:2011.
4.3 Operator's station

4.3.1 General

EN 474-1:2022, 4.3 shall apply with the following modifications in 4.3.2 to 4.3.3.
4.3.2 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS)

EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.3 does not apply for cable excavators.

4.3.3 Operator's protective guard

EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.4 shall be replaced by the following:

Cable excavators shall be designed so that operator's protective structures can be fitted.
For cable excavators, intended for dynamic compaction operation, protective structures shall be provided
by the manufacturer. The protective structures shall provide performance of level II in accordance with
8.lb (top guard) and 8.2b (front guard) of ISO 10262:1998+Cor. 1:2009.
Rope shovels and draglines equipped with boom and dipper handle are not required to provide a front
guard.
4.3.4 Moveable operator station

EN 474-1:2022, 4.3.5 does not apply.

Moveable operation station shall be in accordance with EN 14502-2:200S+A1:2008.
4.4 Seat

EN 474-1:2022, 4.4.1.4 shall apply with the following additions:

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The seat shall meet the requirements of EN ISO 7096:2020, the input spectral class shall meet the class
EM 6 for the test excitation vibrations.
4.5 Operator's controls and indicators

4.5.1 General

EN 474-1:2022, 4.5.1 shall apply with the following addition to 4.5.1 d):
The movements of the controls for driving and steering (see 4.6) do not need to correspond to the
intended direction of movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction.
4.5.2 Operating mode

Cable excavators intended for use in different modes shall be fitted with a lockable operating mode
selector for at least:
a) excavator operation mode (see 4.9);

NOTE 1 Excavator operation mode can include e.g. excavating, compaction, demolition.

b) lifting operation mode (see 4.10).

The activation of the selected operation mode shall be optically indicated at the operator's station(s).
NOTE 2 A remote control is also considered as an operator's station.

The selection of an operation mode shall not initiate any machine movement.
4.5.3 Controls on stabilizers

Control devices (except remote controls) for extending/retracting the stabilizers (e.g. outriggers,
retractable crawlers) shall be in a position or provided with means where the movements of the
stabilizers can clearly be seen by the operator and from where crushing of the operator is not possible.
If the horizontal movement of the stabilizers is controlled from a fixed control on the ground level, it shall
only be possible to affect that movement on the side where the controls are situated.
4.6 Steering system

EN 474-1:2022, 4.6 shall apply with the following modification:

EN 474-1:2022, 4.6.1 does not apply for cable excavators.
The movements of the controls for steering do not need to correspond to the intended direction of
movement if the upper structure is not in the normal driving direction (see 4.5.1).
4.7 Swing brakes

Cable excavators shall be equipped with swing service and swing parking brake systems which shall meet
the performance and test requirements as defined in Annex B.
4.8 Stability

4.8.1 General

The level of the cable excavator shall be indicated so that it is clearly visible to the operator in the
operator's station (e.g. inclinometer in the cab).
Cable excavators with outriggers shall be fitted with a level indicating device (e.g. inclinometer) in every
control station where the levelling movements can be controlled.

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The accuracy of the level indicating device (e.g. inclinometer) shall be better or equal to± 0,1°.
EN 474-1:2022, 4.11 applies with the following addition:
The calculation of the lift capacity of cable excavators shall be made on the basis of the following criteria:
the machine is standing on flat and firm surface;

if the machine is intended to be used on inclined surfaces, the slope has to be considered in the
calculation;

the tipping lines shall be taken from ISO 10567:2007, 4.1.3 and 4.1.4. For track type undercarriages
the tipping line in travelling direction is given either by the line connecting the centreline of the
support idlers/sprockets or the line connecting the centreline of the first and last support rollers,
depending on the slope of the chain (according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3.2, Figure 1);

A table of the rated lift capacity shall be available at the operator's station (see Clause 6).
4.8.2 Calculation of tipping load

The tipping load of a cable excavator Ptip shall be calculated as follows:

where

m is the mass of the cable excavator including the mass of the equipment (e.g. boom, jib)
(kg] ;
X is the horizontal distance of the centre of gravity of m to the smallest tipping line
according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m] ;
R is the horizontal distance from the application point of P to the smallest tipping line
according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m].
The rear tipping load of a cable excavator Ptip, rear shall be calculated as follows:

Pltp,rear
=(9,81xmxX1J[NJ
RI

where

m is the mass of the cable excavator including the mass of the equipment (e.g. boom, jib)
[kg] ;

X1 is the horizontal distance of the centre of gravity of m to the smallest rear tipping line
according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m] ;
Ri is the horizontal distance from the application point of P to the smallest rear tipping
line according to EN 16228-1:2014+A1:2021, 5.2.3.3 [m].
4.8.3 Stability in different applications

4.8.3.1 General

The mass of the intended load and the location of its centre of gravity as well as the mass of the attachment
shall be included in the determination of the rated operating load and the capacity of the attachment.

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4.8.3.2 Compacting material application

The rated lift capacity Pr for cable excavators in compacting material application shall be determined
either by:
a) 75 % of the tipping load Pt;p as calculated according to 4.8.2, or

b) maximum winches lift capacity,

whichever is less.
The dynamic effect of release of suspended load is an upward load ?upward:

P,1pward = P, X Q' 1Q [ N]

where

is the rated load;

?upward shall not exceed ?tip.rear;
?upward shall not cause unintended backward motions of parts of the machine.
4.8.3.3 Lifting operation

4.8.3.3.1 Stability

For lifting operation mode stability shall comply with EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, 4.1.2.6.
4.8.3.3.2 Verification

EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.7 does not apply.

Each cable excavator intended to be used in lifting operation mode shall be tested according to
EN 13000:2010+A1: 2014, 5.2.
If suitable methods ensure (e.g. quality management system) that the manufactured machines comply
with the tested prototype, it is not necessary to test every machine individually and verification methods
according to 5.1 of EN 13000:2010+A1:2014 apply.
4.8.3.4 Dragline bucket

The rated lift capacity for cable excavators in dragline bucket application shall be determined either by:
a) 75 % of the tipping load Ptip as calculated according to 4.8.2, or

b) maximum winch lift capacity

whichever is less.
The mass and the volumetric rating of the bucket and the density of the material have to be taken into
account when a bucket is designed/selected for a specific application.

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4.8.3.5 Grab and front shovel

The rated lift capacity for cable excavators in grab and front shovel application shall be determined either
by:
a) 66 % of the tipping load Ptip as calculated according to 4.8.2, or

b) maximum winch lift capacity

whichever is less.
The volumetric rating of the front shovel shall be determined according to ISO 7546:1983.
The mass and the volumetric rating of the front shovel and the grab as well as the density of the material
have to be taken into account where these attachments are designed/selected for a specific application.
4.9 Excavator operation

4.9.1 Holding brake

The lift system of cable excavators shall be fitted with a brake, which actuates immediately after releasing
operational controls (e.g. levers or pedals) or in case of loss of energy.
The holding brake for hoisting and for derricking systems operated by winches shall be able to exert a
restraining torque at least 33 % greater than the maximum torque transmitted from the rope drum to
the brake under working or erection conditions, whichever is greater.
4.9.2 Limiting devices

4.9.2.1 Limit switch for the boom hoist system

The boom hoist system of cable excavators shall be equipped with a limiting switch to stop the movement
at the maximum allowable boom upper position/angle. Boom lowering shall be possible after actuation
of this limiting switch.
4.9.2.2 Limit switch for unwinding of the hoisting winch

All cable excavators shall be fitted with a limit switch for unwinding the hoisting winch(es). As a minimum
the limit switch shall ensure three revolutions of rope on the drum. Temporary deactivation of the limit
switch shall only be possible during free-fall, rigging operations, transport and changing of the rope.
4.9.3 Free-fall operation

4.9.3.1 General

Cable excavators designed for free-fall operation shall comply with 4.9.3.2 to 4.9.3.5.
4.9.3.2 Common requirements for free-fall operation

The free-fall system shall be designed that an uncontrolled run-up or run-off of the rope is avoided, e.g.
by a rope guide.
There shall be a specific lockable selector (e.g. could be integrated in the mode selector according to 4.5.2)
to enable/disable the free-fall operation.
There may be one selector for all winches or one selector per winch.
The design of the free-fall system may provide different types of operation (automatic/manual) as well
as different types of deactivation (automatic/manual) and triggering (automatic/manual) as described
in 4.9.3.3 to 4.9.3.5.

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These different types shall be selected either by a separate control or by the lockable free-fall operation
selector.
The selected type shall be indicated at the operator's station.
Examples to illustrate some of the procedure of free-fall operation and the activation are shown in
Annex D, Figures D.1 to D.4.
4.9.3.3 Free-fall brake

The lift system of cable excavators shall be fitted with a free-fall brake.
The use of the main winch disconnecting system shall only be possible when the free-fall function is
activated.
The free-fall brake shall be designed that the deceleration of a dynamic load shall be possible.
A proportional actuation of the free-fall brake shall be possible.
4.9.3.4 Manual free-fall operation

4.9.3.4.1 General

Manual free-fall operation shall only be possible for following conditions:

free-fall operation is selected;

free-fall function is activated.

4.9.3.4.2 Activation/deactivation of free-fall function

Activation of free-fall function shall only be possible by actuation of two independent controls
simultaneously (e.g. pedals and additional control).
There shall be no lowering at activating/deactivating the free-fall function.
The free-fall function can be with an automatic deactivation (see 4.9.3.4.3) or manual deactivation (see
4.9.3.4.4).
Triggering after activation of the free-fall function shall be done by a separate control (e.g. by releasing
the pedals).
4.9.3.4.3 Automatic deactivation of free-fall function

Free-fall function is deactivated automatically for following conditions:

- hoist winch stands still;

and
- moving the control for winch to lifting or lowering position.

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4.9.3.4.4Manual deactivation of free-fall function

Free-fall function has to be deactivated manually by operator.

Triggering of free-fall after lifting or lowering can be done by the following options:
automatic (triggering of free-fall will start automatically when returning the control for lifting or
lowering to neutral position);

NOTE 1 In this case, the holding brake (see 4.9. 1) will not be activated automatically after returning the
control for lifting or lowering to neutral position.

or
manual (triggering of free-fall will start by actuation by the operator after returning the control for
lifting or lowering to neutral position).

NOTE 2 Triggering of free-fall will start by actuation by the operator e.g. by releasing the brake pedal.

4.9.3.5 Automatic free-fall operation

When a cable excavator is fitted with an automatic cycle mode, including free-fall operation (e.g. ramming
operations with a compaction plate), the activation of the automatic cycle mode shall be possible only
after selecting free-fall operation mode.
The cable excavator shall be equipped with a system to control the automatic cycle mode.
The control system shall be designed to:
operate repeated and continuous ramming cycles, according to a sequence set by the operator;

control the cycles (lifting, free-fall, braking);

automatically stop the operations when the initiated sequence has been completed;

stop the initiated sequence when a fault or an abnormal behaviour is detected.

The control system shall not stop the cycle during the free-fall.
If the automatic cycle is deactivated by a stopping device according to EN 474-1:2022, 4.5.1 or an
emergency stop (if equipped) the cycle shall not be stopped during the free-fall.
After stop of the automatic cycle or loss of energy, restarting of the automatic operation shall only be
possible by an intentional action by the operator.
4.9.4 Boom

The boom of cable excavators shall be secured against repulsing in case of a sudden release of the load.
The connection (bolts) of the boom-pieces shall be so designed that mounting and disassembling can be
made without the need for a person staying under the boom.
4.9.5 Ropes, rope drum, rope pulley

4.9.5.1 General

The rope drum and rope pulley shall be built and designed so that trip-out of the rope is avoided when
used as intended.
There shall always remain at least three revolutions of rope on the winch drum.

15
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

4.9.5.2 Ropes

The ropes of cable excavators shall have safety factors according to Table 1.
Table 1 - Safety factors of ropes

All modes of Hoisting or Digging ropes Boom holding ropes

operation, closing ropes
Operation with load Lifting the boom
except lifting
connected without load
mode and
foundation running stationary running stationary
application ropes ropes ropes ropes
3,55 3,00 3,55 3,00 3,05 2,73
NOTE The factors are the relation between the minimum breaking force of the rope and the maximum static
load on the rope. For safety factor of ropes for foundation application, e.g. diaphragm walling application, see
EN 16228 (parts 1 to 7). For safety factor of ropes for lifting application see EN 13000:2010+A1:2014.

4.9.5.3 Rope drum

The ratio between the nominal rope diameter and the pitch circle diameter of the drum shall be 1:20 at a
minimum.
In working operation, the beaded edge of the winch drums shall extend at least 1,5 times the rope
diameter beyond the outer layer of the rope (see Figure 1).

5
1
4

Key
1 D (pitch circle diameter)
2 d (nominal rope diameter)
3 minimum l,Sd
4 drum
5 flange

Figure 1 - Hoist drum

16
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

4.9.5.4 Rope pulley

The ratio between the nominal rope diameter and the pitch circle diameter of the pulley shall be 1:20 at
a minimum.
Exceptions from the above requirements can be made for fair leads of drag ropes, rope guidance pulleys
and auxiliary ropes, such as grab guidance rope, digging guidance rope, ballast guidance rope of fair leads.
4.10 Lifting operation

4.10.1 General

EN 474-1:2022, 4.12 shall be replaced by the following clauses.

If the lifting operation mode is selected, the control system shall be designed in such a way that the free­
fall function is not possible to be activated.
4.10.2 Lifting and lowering operation

The holding brake for lifting and lowering shall be in accordance to 4.9.2.
4.10.3 Limiting and indicating device for the lifting operation mode

EN 474-1:2022, 4.12.4, 4.12.5, 4.12.6 do not apply.

Cable excavators intended for lifting operation mode shall be fitted with limiters and indicators and event
recorder according to EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, 4.2.6.2.
Recording load data in the event recorder is only required for the lifting operation mode.
If there is only one working position for the crawler extension and the undercarriage is fitted with a
mechanical lock that blocks the crawler in the extended track position, EN 13000:2010+A1:2014,
4.2.6.2.5 does not apply.
Change of operation mode from lifting operation to earth moving operation shall be possible with actual
load not in excess of 30 % of the rated load in lifting operation for the actual configuration.
4.11 Cable excavator with electrical power source

Cable excavators with electrical power source shall meet the requirements of EN 60204-32:2008 as far
as the electrical power source and the electrically driven systems are concerned.
4.12 Maintenance

4.12.1 General

EN 474-1:2022, 4.22 shall apply with the following addition:

Winches and ropes are subject to frequent inspection or replacement because of the wear pattern.
The manufacturer shall make due provision for access (see EN ISO 2867:2011) for the inspection or
replacement of ropes, or provide a mechanical system that eliminates the need to access the mast/boom
for replacement.
4.12.2 Control of winches for maintenance purpose

For maintenance purpose, the maximum rotation speed of winches shall be reduced to 2 rpm.
The control of the reduced rotation speed shall be lockable.
This control can either be the operating mode selector (see 4.5.2) or a separate control which interlocks
other operating functions (e.g. machine driving, movement of the boom) of the machine.

17
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

It shall not be possible to operate more than one winch at the same time. This control shall be of hold-to­
run type.
From the control station for this mode it shall be possible to have a view to the winch and the person
guiding the rope for handling and communication.

5 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction

measures

Safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of Clause 4 of this document shall be
verified according to Table 2.
Table 2 sets out verification methods which shall be applied for each safety requirement in this document.
Where X(s) is indicated in the table, the corresponding verification method( s) shall be applied.
Table 2 shall be read in conjunction with the corresponding clauses.
Table 2 includes the following verification methods:
a) calculation: to establish that the requirements of this document have been met;

b) visual verification: to establish that something is present (e.g. a guard, a marking, a document);

c) measurement: to show that the required numerical values have been met (e.g. geometric dimensions,
safety distances, resistance of insulation of the electric circuits, results of physical tests);

d) functional tests: to show that the adequate signals intended to be forwarded to the main control
system of the complete machine are available and comply with the requirements and with the
technical documentation;

e) special verification: by reference to a standard which is mentioned in the corresponding clause.

Table 2 - Verification of safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures

c::
c:: 0
0 ....
.... .....
..... ..... CIS
CIS ..... Ill u
u c:: Q,) -=
.....
.. -= Q,) ....
Q,) c:: .... - ..
.c 0
....
..
Q,) e CIS
c::
Q,)
>
Q,)
e
..... >
CIS .. 0 -
....
= - -
= ..... CIS
= CIS Ill u ....
c:: u = u
- Ill CIS c:: Q,)
Q,) CIS .... Q,) =
Ill i::i..
= -
Q,) u > � � Vl
CIS
-
.....
.... ,...., ,....,
,...., ,...., ,....,
u E-< CIS .c u 't:l Q,)

4.1 General x
4.2 Access x
4.3.3 Operator's protective guard x
4.3.4 Movable operator station x
4.4 Seat x
4.5.1 Operator's controls and indicators, General x
4.5.2 Operating mode x x

18
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

c::
c:: 0
0
.... .....
...
.
..... ..... ('CS
('CS ..... Vl l.J
l.J c:: cu ii::
.....
.. ii::
.... cu ...
cu c:: - ..
.c 0
....
..
cu 8 ('CS
c::
cu
>
cu
8
..... >
('CS .. 0 -
- ....
= - = ..... ('CS
...
= ('CS Vl l.J
c:: l.J = l.J
('CS c:: cu
cu
Vl
-
('CS .Vl
.. cu = i;:l..
= -
cu u > � � Vl
('CS
-
.....
.... """" """"
"""" """" """"
u E-- ('CS .c l.J 't:i cu

4.5.3 Controls on stabilizers x

4.6 Steering system x
4.7 Swing brakes x
4.8.1 Stability, General x x
4.8.2 Calculation of the tipping load x x
4.8.3.2 Compacting material application x
4.8.3.3 Lifting operation x
4.8.3.4 Dragline bucket x
4.8.3.5 Grab and front shovel x
4.9.1 Holding brake x
4.9.2 Limiting devices x
4.9.3 Free-fall operation x
4.9.4 Boom x
4.9.5.1 Ropes, rope drum, rope pulley, General x x
4.9.5.2 Ropes x
4.9.5.3 Rope drum x
4.9.5.4 Rope pulley x
4.10.1 Lifting operation, General x
4.10.2 Lifting and lowering operation x
4.10.3 Limiting and indicating device for the lifting x x
operation mode
4.11 Cable excavator with electrical power x
source
4.12.1 Maintenance, General x x
4.12.2 Control of winches for maintenance purpose x

19
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

6 Information for use

6.1 General

Information for use shall be provided in accordance with EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.4.
6.2 Operator's manual

EN 474-1:2022, 6.3 applies, with the following additions:

The operation manual shall contain the following information:
indication that all rated load lift capacities are based on the machine being on a level and firm
supporting surface. For safe working loads, the user is expected to make due allowance for the
particular job conditions such as soft or uneven ground, non-level conditions, side loads, hazardous
conditions, experience of personnel; In particular, instructions shall be done about the necessity to
take measures to guarantee that the ground shall support the machine and can reliably withstand
the supporting forces in all tramming, travelling and working conditions, to avoid any negative effect
on stability;

information about rated load lift capacity in relation to the various boom configurations and about
the maximum ground pressure;

safety instructions for the selection and use of additional protection (e.g. top guard, front guard) see
4.3.3 related to the application (e.g. dynamic soil compaction);

information regarding operation, adjustment and maintenance of the swing brake;

safety instructions for the lifting operation, excavator operation and the free-fall operation;

instructions for mounting and dismantling;

information regarding maintenance and check of ropes, description of danger zone of the winch and
the need for activation of the selector according to 4.12.2;

safety instructions for maintenance of the machine;

instructions for inspection and replacement;

information that tests for lifting operation were carried out (see Clause 5, Table 2 and 4.8.3.3);

condition for stopping the operation of the machine in relation to the maximum permissible wind
speed (the reference value of 1,2 m2 /t used to determine the lifting load);

information on necessary activities in relation to the wind speed (e.g. reducing of the load capacity,
lowering the boom, fixing the boom);

information how to calculate the minimum rated load at typical load shapes, where the wind area
per load deviates from the value 1,2 m2 /t, usually used in the load chart calculation (for examples see
Table 3);

information if the used load deviates from this typical configuration, a special calculation for the
allowable wind velocity is necessary (for calculation see EN 13000:2010+A1:2014, N.4).

20
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Table 3 - Calculation examples for typical shapes

Rect. pipe Container Container
Flat Flat Square 0,50 x
Shape ofload to be lifted Pipe plate plate pipe 0,25 20' 40'

D or b (m) 0, 5 1 0, 5 0, 5 0, 5 2,3 2,3

length of load (L) (m) 20 10 20 20 20 6 12

L/D or L/b 40 10 40 40 40 2,6 5 ,2

D x Vs 7 na na na na na na

b/d na na na 1 2 1 1
Wind area of load (A) (m2) 10 10 10 10 10 13,8 27,6

factor (Cf) 0,7 5 1 ,3 5 1,7 1 ,9 2,2 1,4 1,4

Wind area of load x factor
(A x Cf) (m2) 7, 5 13, 5 17 19 22 19,3 38,6

Wind area per load A.cw (m2/t) 1 ,2 1 ,2 1,2 1 ,2 1,2 1,2 1 ,2

Minimum rated load (ton)

[(A X Cf)/ A.cw] (t) 6,3 1 1,3 14,2 1 5 ,8 18,3 16,1 32,2

Key
A.cw = wind area per load (assumed as a coefficient value of 1,2)
D= diameter (Pipe)
b= breadth of load across wind front
d= depth of load parallel to wind flow
L= length of load
Vs= wind speed (m/s)

21
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Annex A
(informative)

List of significant hazards

This annex contains in Table A.1 all the hazards, hazardous situations and events identified by risk
assessment as significant for earth cable excavators as defined in the scope of this document and which
require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
Table A.1 - List of significant hazards

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events

Mechanical hazards

Due to machine parts or workpieces, e.g. 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 4.9
by potential energy (falling objects, height from the ground, gravity)

by kinetic energy (acceleration, deceleration, moving/rotating elements) 4.1, 4.4

-
mechanical strength (break-up) 4.1, 4.8, 4.9

by stored energy, e.g.: 4.1

-
elastic elements (springs)

Crushing hazard 4.1, 4.2.4.4, 4.12

Shearing hazard 4.1

Cutting or severing hazard 4.1

Entanglement 4.1

Drawing-in or trapping hazard 4.1

Impact hazard 4.1

Stabbing or puncture hazard 4.1

Friction or abrasion hazard 4.1

Injection 4.1
Slipping, tripping and falling 4.1

Instability 4.1, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8

Electrical hazards
Touching live parts 4.1
Electrostatic phenomena 4.1
Electromagnetic phenomena 4.1

22
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Short-circuit 4.1
Overload 4.1
Thermal hazards
Burns, scalds 4.1

Radiation of heat sources 4.1

Noise hazards
Permanent hearing loss, tinnitus 4.1

As a consequence of an interference with speech communication or with 4.1

acoustic signals.
Physiological impairment (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness) 4.1

Vibration hazards

Vibrations transmitted to the operator when sitting during operation 4.1

Portable hand-held and/or hand-guided machinery (e.g. vascular disorder, 4.1
neurological disorder)

In conjunction with a rigid position (e.g. trauma of the spine, osteo-articular 4.1
disorder, low-back morbidity)

Radiation hazards
Radio frequency electromagnetic radiation 4.1

Laser Not covered

Material/substance hazards
Hazards from contact with/or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, 4.1
fumes and dusts
Fire 4.1
Explosion 4.1

Ergonomic hazards
Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 4.1, 4.12

Inadequate consideration of anatomy 4.1, 4.12

Insufficient means for evacuation/emergency exit 4.1

Inadequate local lighting 4.1

Inadequate design or location of visual display units 4.1

Design, location or identification of control devices 4.1

Flicker, dazzling, shadow, stroboscopic effect 4.1

Human error during operation 4.1

23
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Hazards associated with the environment in which the machine is used

Lightning Not covered

Pollution 4.1

Snow, water, wind, temperature 4.1

Exhaust gas/lack of oxygen at workplace 4.1

Dust and fog 4.1
Unexpected start up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or similar
malfunction)

Failure/disorder of the control system and control circuits 4.1

Restoration of energy supply after an interruption 4.1
Software error Not covered
Failure of the power supply 4.1
Hazards due to:
-
assembly and installation
-
setting
-
cleaning
-
fault-finding
-
maintenance

Maintenance 4.1, 4.12

Insufficient means of access during use, setting and maintenance 4.1, 4.12

Hazards due to portable machinery - hand-held and/or hand-guided

machinery
Instability 4.1

Accidental starting/or continued operation 4.1

Hazards relating to travelling function 4.5.1

Movement when starting the engine 4.1

Movement without a driver at the driving position 4.1

Movement without all parts in a safe position 4.1

Excessive speed of pedestrian controlled machinery 4.1

Insufficient ability of machinery to be slowed down, stopped and 4.1
immobilised
Hazards linked to work position (including driving station) on the
machine
Fall of persons during access to (or at/from) the drive/work position(s) 4.1, 4.2, 4.11

24
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Fire (flammability of the cab, lack of extinguishing means) 4.1

Mechanical hazards at the work position: 4.1, 4.2, 4.4, 4.11

contact with the wheels; rollover and overturning; fall of objects, penetration
by objects; slipping during access; contact of persons with machine parts or
tools (pedestrian controlled machines

Insufficient visibility from the drive/work position(s) 4.1

Inadequate seating 4.1, 4.4

Hazards due to the control system

Inadequate location of manual controls 4.1, 4.5.1

Inadequate design of manual controls and their mode of operation 4.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.3

Hazards due to the power source and to the transmission of power 4.10
Engine and batteries 4.1
Transmission of power between machines Not covered

Couplings and towings 4.1

From/to third persons
Unauthorised start-up/use 4.1

Drift of a part away from its stopping position 4.1

Lack or inadequacy of visual or acoustic warning means 4.1

Insufficient instructions for the driver/operator (operation manual, 4.1, 6

signs, warnings, and markings)

Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to

lifting
Mechanical hazards caused by load falls, collisions, machine tipping

Lack of stability 4.1, 4.8

Uncontrolled loading, overloading, overturning moments exceeded 4.1, 4.8

Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 4.1, 4.9

Inadequate holding devices/accessories 4.1

Access of persons to load support 4.1

From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 4.1, 4.8
From inadequate selection of chain, ropes, lifting and accessories and their 4.1, 4.9
inadequate integration into the machine
Abnormal conditions of assembly/use/maintenance 4.1

Hazards linked to driver/operator position

25
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Hazard Relevant clauses of

this document

Insufficient visibility from driver position 4.1

Supplementary, for machinery intended for underground work

Mechanical hazards and hazardous events due to:

Fire and explosion 4.1

Emission of dust, gases, etc. Not covered
Supplementary, for machinery presenting particular hazards due to the
lifting of persons
Mechanical hazards due to
inadequate mechanical strength, failing of loading control 4.1
inadequate working coefficients

Failing of controls in person carrier (function, priority) 4.1

Overspeed of person carrier 4.1
Falling of persons from person carrier 4.1

26
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Annex B
(normative)

Performance and test requirements for cable excavator swing brakes

B.1 General

This annex specifies minimum performance criteria and methods of test for the swing service break and
swing parking brake of cable excavators as defined in EN ISO 6165:2012.

B.2 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
B.2.1
swing
rotation of the upper structure of an excavator in relation to a fixed reference frame on the ground

B.2.2
working swing revolution speed
turntable-swing speed, reached in a 180° revolution of the upper structure with maximum rotation
command input starting from a still position, specified in revolutions per minute

B.2.3
deceleration swing angle
angle measured in degrees of swing while the swing motion is decelerated from working swing revolution
speed to a complete stop

B.2.4
swing torque
torque which propels the upper structure relative to the understructure

Note 1 to entry: The swing torque is specified in Nm.

B.2.5
swing service brake
device or system to decelerate the rotation of the upper structure relative to the understructure and to
bring it to a stop at any position

Note 1 to entry: It can be e.g. a frictional brake, electrically, hydrostatic or other hydraulically operating brake.

B.2.6
swing parking brake
device or system to hold the stopped upper structure in any position relative to the understructure

B.3 Minimum performance

B.3.1 Swing drive system

B.3.1.1 Test-swing revolution speed

The test-swing revolution speed shall be the working swing revolution speed as defined in B.2.2.

27
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

B.3.1.2 Deceleration swing angle (3B

The deceleration swing angle /Js shall be less than the highest of the following values (/3smax) :

fJBrnax -
-
90°

or
2
n x 3 60
flsmax = 2
xn s + /Jso
1

with

is the deceleration swing angle [ 0 ] ;

n =n is the test-swing revolution speed [ min-1 ] ;

nB = 250 [ min-2 ] ;

/Jso =
40 [ 0 ] .

y
200
180 /
160 /
/
,
140 ./
120 ../
.,,-
�
100 -

80
60
40
20
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x
Key
X upper structure-revolution [min- 1 ]
Y max. deceleration swing angle [0]

Figure B.1 - Swing service brake

B.3.2 Swing service brake

The swing service brake shall be capable to decelerate the upper structure to a complete stop from the
test swing revolution as specified in B.3.1.1 (see also Figure B.1). A disconnection of the device/system
shall not be possible.
During 10 tests, the deceleration swing angle shall not exceed more than 20 % of the deceleration swing
angle f3 as defined in B.3.1.2. These ten (10) tests shall be made in a sequence rate as rapidly as the swing
acceleration and deceleration will allow.

28
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

B.3.3 Swing parking brake

The swing parking brake shall withstand a torque moment at least 25 % above the torque required for
holding the acting torque derived from wind loads combined with the inclination permitted by the
manufacturer.
The swing parking brake shall apply automatically when the control for swinging is in neutral position or
shall be capable of being manually applied, with and without the engine running.
The swing parking brake shall remain effective when the source of energy fails.
The swing parking brake on cable excavators shall be fully mechanical, e.g. spring friction brake.

B.4 Conditions for testing the swing service brake

The test to define the test swing revolution speed according to B.3.1.1 and deceleration swing angle
according to B.3.1.2 shall be made with a test set-up which produces the maximum rotational energy to
be braked by the slewing brake system for the excavator mode.
Outriggers and blade, if present, shall be placed on the ground in their working position as specified by
the manufacturer.
The swing system pressures shall be adjusted and function as specified by the manufacturer.
The machine shall be positioned at a flat surface with a maximum slope of± 1 %.
The measurement starts with the actuation of the braking at test swing revolution speed.

29
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Annex e
(informative)

Illustrations

C . 1 Standard applications

C.1.1 Crawler type cable excavator with lifting equipment

Figure C.1 - Crawler type cable excavator with lifting system

30
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

C.1.2 Crawler type cable excavator with dragline equipment

Figure C.2 - Crawler type cable excavator with dragline equipment

C.1.3 Crawler type cable excavator with grab equipment

·- LI LI

Figure C.3 - Crawler type cable excavator with grab equipment

31
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

C.1.4 Rope shovels and draglines equipped with boom and dipper handle

Figure C.4 - Rope shovels and draglines equipped with boom and dipper handle

32
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

C.2 Special applications

C.2.1 Crawler type cable excavator with hole drilling equipment (casing oscillator)

Figure C.5 - Crawler type excavator with hole drilling equipment (casing oscillator)

NOTE The safety requirements for these special applications are laid down in EN 1 6228-1 :2014+A 1 :2021 to
EN 1 6228-7 :2014+A1 :2021.

33
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

C.2.2 Crawler type cable excavator with piling equipment (hydraulic or diesel hammer)

Figure C.6 - Crawler type cable excavator with piling equipment (hydraulic or diesel hammer)

NOTE The safety requirements for these special applications are laid down in EN 16228-1 :2014+A1 :2021 to
EN 16228-7:2014+A1 :2021 .

34
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

C.2.3 Crawler type excavator with wall cutter equipment (diaphragm wall grab)

Figure C.7 - Crawler type excavator with wall cutter equipment (diaphragm wall grab)

NOTE The safety requirements for these special applications are laid down in EN 1 6 2 28- 1 : 2014+A 1 : 2021 to
EN 16228-7: 2014+A1:2021.

C.3 Wheel type cable excavator in transport position for road travelling

Figure C.8 - Wheel type cable excavator in transport position for road travelling

35
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Annex D
(informative)

Examples of free-fall operation and activation

positioning of load
and definition of
parameters

Start automatic cycle

No
(Continue automatic cycle
automatic free running
fall operation)

Stop
automatic
cycle

Stop
automatic free
fall,operation
(4.9.3.5)

End

Figure D.1 - Automatic free-fall operation

36
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Activation of free
fall function
(4.9.3 .4.2)

No Triggering of
free-fall

Yes

Single free-fall

(Hoist
winch stands
No
still) Moving of the control for
winch to the lifting
or lowering?

Yes

Automatic deactivation
of free fall function
(4.9.3 .4.3)

End

Figure D.2 - Manual free-fall operation with automatic deactivation

37
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Activation of free
fall function
(4.9.3 .4.2)

No No
Triggering of
free-fall

Single free-fall

(Hoist
No winch stands
still) Moving of the control for
winch to the lifting or
lowering?

Lifting or lowering
of load

returning the control for

winch to neutral position

Yes manual
No
manual triggering of free fall
triggering after lifting or lowering
(4.9.3.4.4) (4.9.3 .4.4)

Deactivation of free
fall function (4.9.3.4.2)
by the operator

End

Figure D.3 - Manual free-fall operation with manual deactivation and manual triggering

38
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Activation of free
fall function
(4.9.3.4.2)

No No
Triggering of
free-fall

Yes

Single free-fall

No

Lifting or lowering
of load

automatic
returning the control for
�-- triggering ------<
winch to neutral position
(4.9.3.4.4)

Deactivation of free
fall function ( 4.9.3.4.2)
by the operator

End

Figure D.4 - Manual free-fall operation with manual deactivation and automatic triggering

39
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Annex ZA
(informative)

Relationship between this European Standard and the essential

requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC machinery, and amending
Directive 95/16/EC (recast) [2006 L157] aimed to be covered

This European Standard has been prepared under a Commission's standardization request M/396 to
provide one voluntary means of conforming to essential requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC of the
European Parliament and of the Council of 17 May 2006 on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC
(recast) [2006 L157] .
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive, compliance
with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of
this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that
Directive, and associated EFTA regulations.
Table ZA.1 - Correspondence between this European Standard and
Directive 2006/42/EC [2006 L157]

The relevant Essential Clause(s)/subclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
1.1.2 (a) 4, 5, 6
1.1.2 (c) 4, 5, 6
1.1.2 (d) 4, 5, 6

1.1.2 (e) 4, 5, 6
1.1.3 Materials and products 4.3, 5

1.1.4 Lighting 4.3, 5

1.1.5 Design of machinery to 4.1.2
facilitate its handling
1.1.6 Ergonomics 4.2, 4.3, 4.5, 4.12, 5
1.1.7 Operating positions 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 5
1.1.8 Seating 4.4, 5
1.2.1 Safety and reliability of 4.10, 4.12, 5 This document does not
control systems provide performance
requirements for the safety
related parts of control
systems
1.2.2 Control devices 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 4.6, 4.9.1, 4.9.3,
4.10.2, 4.12.2, 5
1.2.3 Starting 4.5, 5
1.2.4.1 Normal stop 4.5, 5

40
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

The relevant Essential Clause(s) /subclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
1.2.4.2 Operational stop 4.9.1, 4.9.3.3, 4.9.3.5, 4.10.2, 5
1.2.5 Selection of control or 4.5.2, 4.9.3.2, 4.9.3.4, 4.9.3.5,
operating modes 4.12.2, 5
1.2.6 Failure of the power 4.11, 5
supply
1.3.1 Risk of loss of stability 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 5, 6.2
1.3.2 Risk of break-up during 4.3, 4.9.1, 4.10.2, 5, 6.2
operation
1.3.3 Risks due to falling or 4.3.3, 4.9.3, 4.9.4, 4.9.5, 4.10, 5,
ejected objects 6.2
1.3.4 Risks due to surfaces, 4.3, 5
edges or angles
1.3.6 Risks related to 4.3, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.8, 4.9.3, 5
variations in operating
conditions
1.3.7 Risks related to moving 4.3, 5
parts
1.3.8 Choice of protection 4.1.2
against risks arising from
moving parts
1.3.8.1 Moving transmission 4.1.2
parts
1.3.9 Risks of uncontrolled 4.3.4, 4.7, 4.8.1, 4.8.3, 4.9.1, 4.9.3,
movements 4.10.2, 4.12.2, 5
1.4.1 General requirements 4.12, 5
1.4.2.1 Fixed guards 4.1.2
1.4.2.2 Interlocking movable 4.1.2
guards
1.4.3 Special requirements 4.1.2
for protective devices
1.5.1 Electricity supply 4.11, 5
1.5.3 Energy supply other 4.3, 5
than electricity
1.5.4 Errors of fitting 4.1.2
1.5.5 Extreme temperatures 4.3, 5
1.5.6 Fire 4.1.2
1.5.7 Explosion 4.1.2
1.5.8 Noise 4.1.2

41
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

The relevant Essential Clause(s)/subclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
1.5.9 Vibrations 4.4, 5
1.5.11 External radiation 4.1.2
1.5.12 Laser radiation Not covered
1.5.13 Emissions of 4.3, 5
hazardous materials and
substances
1.5.14 Risk of being trapped 4.3, 5
in a machine
1.5.15 Risk of slipping, 4.2, 5
tripping or falling
1.5.16 Lightning Not covered
1.6.1 Machinery 4.12, 5
maintenance
1.6.2 Access to operating 4.2, 4.12.1, 5
positions and servicing
points
1.6.3 Isolation of energy 4.12, 5
sources
1.6.4 Operator intervention 4.2, 4.12, 5
1.7.1 Information and 4.1.2
warnings on the machinery
1.7.1.1 Information and 4.8.1, 5
information devices
1.7.1.2 Warning devices 4.10.3, 5
1.7.2 Warning of residual 6
risks
1.7.3 Marking of machinery 4.1.2
1.7.4 Instructions 6
1.7.4.2 Contents of the 6
instructions
1.7.4.3 Sales literature Not covered
2.2.1 General 4.1.2
2.2.1.1 Instructions 6.2
3.2.1 Driving position 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 4.3.4, 5, 6.2
3.2.2 Seating 4.3.4, 4.4, 5
3.2.3 Positions for other 4.5.3, 4.12.2, 5
persons

42
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

The relevant Essential Clause( s) /subclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of
Directive 2006/42/EC
3.3 Control systems
3.3.1 Control devices
3.3.2 Starting/moving
of this EN
4.1.2
4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 4.6, 4.9.1, 4.9.3,
4.10.2, 4.12.2, 5
4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 4.6, 4.9.1, 4.9.3,
4.10.2, 4.12.2, 5

3.3.3 Travelling function 4.1.2

3.3.4 Movement of 4.1.2
pedestrian-controlled
machinery
3.3.5 Control circuit failure 4.6, 5
3.4.1 Uncontrolled 4.7, 4.8.3, 4.9.2, 4.9.3, 4.9.4, 4.9.5,
movements 5
3.4.2 Moving transmission 4.12, 5
parts
3.4.3 Roll-over and tip-over 4.3.2 Not applicable for this type
of machinery in the scope.
3.4.4 Falling objects 4.3.3, 5
3.4.5 Means of access 4.2, 5
3.4.6 Towing devices 4.1.2
3.4.7 Transmission of power Not covered
between self-propelled
machinery (or tractor) and
recipient machinery
3.5.1 Batteries 4.1.2
3.5.2 Fire 4.1.2
3.6.1 Signs, signals and 4.10.3, 5
warnings
3.6.2 Marking 4.1.2
3.6.3.1 Vibrations 6.2
3.6.3.2 Multiple uses 4.9.3, 5, 6.2
4.1.2.1 Risks due to lack of 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 5
stability
4.1.2.3 Mechanical strength 4.9, 4.10, 5
4.1.2.4 Pulleys, drums, 4.9.3.2, 4.9.5, 4.10.3, 4.12.1, 5
wheels, ropes and chains
4.1.2.6 Control of 4.1.2
movements

43
BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

The relevant Essential Clause(s)/subclause(s) Remarks/Notes

Requirements of of this EN
Directive 2006/42/EC
4.1.2.7 Movements of loads 4.3.4, 5
during handling
4.1.3 Fitness for purpose 4.8.3.3.2, 4.10, 5
4.2.1 Control of movements 4.9, 4.10, 5
4.2.2 Loading control 4.10, 5
4.2.3 Installations guided by 4.9.5, 5
ropes
4.3.3 Lifting machinery 4.10, 5
4.4.2 Lifting machinery 4.10, 5, 6.2
5.5 Fire 4.1.2
5.6 Exhaust emissions 4.1.2
6.1.1 Mechanical strength 4.3.4, 5
6.2 Control devices 4.3.4, 4.5, 5
6.3.1 Risks due to 4.3.4, 5
movements of the carrier
6.3.2 Risk of persons falling 4.3.4, 4.8, 5
from the carrier
6.3.3 Risk due to objects 4.3.3, 5
falling on the carrier
6.5 Markings 4.1.2

WARNING 1 - Presumption of conformity stays valid only as long as a reference to this European
Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this
standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union.

WARNING 2 - Other Union legislation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of
this standard.

44
 BS EN 474-12:2022
EN 474-12:2022 (E)

Bibliography

[1] ISO 15219:2004, Earth-moving machinery-Cable excavators-Terminology and commercial

specifications

[2] EN 16228-2:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 2: Mobile drill

rigs for civil and geotechnical engineering, quarrying and mining

[3] EN 16228-3:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 3: Horizontal

directional drilling equipment (HDD)

[4] EN 16228-4:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 4: Foundation

equipment

[5] EN 16228-5:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 5: Diaphragm

walling equipment

[6] EN 16228-6:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 6: jetting,

grouting and injection equipment

[7] EN 16228-7:2014+A1:2021, Drilling and foundation equipment-Safety-Part 7:

Interchangeable auxiliary equipment

45
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