New Terminology

1. Eclipse – phenomenon in which light from one heavenly body is blocked by another

2. Launch- send a ship or rocket for the first time into space

3. Opaque – objects that do not allow any light to pass through them

4. Transparent – objects that allow all light to pass through them

5. Translucent- objects that allow only little amount of light to pass through them

6. Satellite - a body revolving around a planet

Answer the following questions –

Q1. Classify the following into transparent, translucent and opaque objects.

1.

Transparent Translucent Opaque

Cellophane paper Butter paper Mirror

Air Frosted glass Book

Glass sheet Oily paper rubber ball

brick

stone

pen

earth

wood

Q2. Explain with the help of neat and well labelled diagrams the formation of solar and lunar
eclipse.

Ans. Solar eclipse- A solar eclipse occurs when the sun ,the moon and the earth are in a straight
line. The moon obstructs the path of the sunlight and its shadow falls on the earth. The people
living in the area where the shadow is formed cannot see the sun. It occurs only on a new moon
day.

ormation of Solar Eclipse

Lunar eclipse-Sometimes the sun, earth and moon are in a straight line. The shadow of the earth
falls on the moon .This is called lunar eclipse. A lunar eclipse occurs only on a full Moon night.

Formation of Lunar Eclipse

Q3. What is an artificial satellite? Write four uses of artificial satellites.

Ans. Satellites designed by man are called artificial satellites. They revolve around the earth in a
fixed orbit in the same manner as the moon.

Uses of artificial satellites-

1. Weather satellites are used for forecasting the weather of a place on the earth. They can
warn us about storms floods or cyclones. For example : ATS -6

1. Communication satellites relay the radio and television signals around the world and also
transmit telephone signals to different places. For example: APPLE and Intelsat Satellites

1. Earth Resource satellites are used to locate oil under the oceans find out about earth’s
vegetation and mineral resources. Example: Landsat.

1. Spy satellites gather information regarding the military movement of the enemy .For
example: EMISAT.

Give reasons-

1. A cockroach left on the moon surface died.

Ans. It is because there is no oxygen on the moon for the cockroach to breathe in.

1. Satellites are of great benefit to fishermen.

Ans. It is because weather satellites send us pictures showing formation of storms, cyclones and
clouds which can save the life of the fishermen.

3.During a total solar eclipse , the birds return to their nests.

Ans. It is because during a total solar eclipse it becomes dark during the daytime. The birds
thinking it is night start returning to their nest.