ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ACADEMIC SESSION: 1 2023/2024

DEC50103 – OPERATING SYSTEMS

PRACTICAL WORK 01: VIRTUAL OS

PRACTICAL WORK 7 / 9 / 2023

DATE :
PN. NOR HIDAYATI BINTI IDRIS
LECTURER’S NAME:
PN. NOR HAMIZA BINTI GHAZALI / PN. NORAINI BINTI DESA
GROUP NO.:
RUBRIC REPORT TOTAL
STUDENT ID & NAME: PW MARKS
(80%) (20%) (100%)

(1) 02DTK20F1004
MUHAMMAD NAZIV SHAH BIN MOHAMMAD NAZREE

(2)

(3)
DATE SUBMIT:
1 LEARNING OUTCOMES (LO):

1. : Investigate the background process performed by operating systems based on

management of memory, resource and file to ensure the computer system operates at
optimum performance.

2. : Perform installation for workstation and domain server using MS Windows server or
Open-Source server operating system

3. : Demonstrate awareness of professionalism and computer ethics during practical

work to comply with professionals’ bodies such as ACM or IEEE

2 OBJECTIVE

Upon completion lab session, student should be able to:

1. Prepare and check minimum requirement and install virtual machine for operating
system
2. Use the different virtual machine application features.
3. Access the command prompt interface.
4. Use command prompt to manage files and folder
5. Use command prompt to perform basic operating system function.

3 THEORY

PART ONE
Originally, a Virtual PC is a program for APPLE/MAC computer that emulates Windows 95,
Windows 98, Windows NT, as well as IBM OS/2, or Linux on a Macintosh personal
computer, assuming it's equipped with a sufficiently fast microprocessor. With Virtual PC
installed, a Mac can show the desktop for the emulated operating system on one part of the
display, or it can take up the entire screen.

Any program that will run under the other operating systems on "regular" (Intel
microprocessor-based) PCs can be run inside a virtual PC. Now Virtual PC is also available
for Microsoft Windows. This allows users to run multiple OS inside a single PC for testing or
for solving software compatibility.

PART TWO
Operating system (OS) existed long before PCs were invented. Ancient, massive
computers called mainframes and minicomputers employed sophisticated OSs. When IBM
rolled out their PC in 1970 and looked for an OS to operate the PC, that was the time MS-
DOS were released.

MS-DOS uses a command line interface to accept user commands. All of its functions are
done based on the command typed by the user.

Within today's Windows operating system, the command line interface still exists and plays
a very important role. When a windows OS is unable to boot-up, the command line is
critical to perform system recovery and such.
4 EQUIPMENT / TOOLS

1. Personal Computer/Laptop running Windows 7/8/10/11

2. Virtual Box Installer Package
3. WMWare Installer Package

PART ONE

5 ACTIVITY 1A : INSTALLATION OF VIRTUAL BOX

THEORY

Although Microsoft Virtual PC is free, it does not officially support open-source OS. It may
run them, but no support is provided by Microsoft. Because of this, users turn to third party
Virtual PCs like the Virtual BOX. It may not have the robust design of Microsoft Official
Virtual PC but it also free to use and the community support is helpful.

PROCEDURE

1. Turn on the PC and let windows load.

2. Copy the Virtual Box installer package into the PC hard disk.

3. Run the Virtual Box installer package.

4. Click NEXT at the welcome page.

5. You may change the installation location but don't remove any module from the
default. Click NEXT.

6. Click NEXT again.

7. Click YES then INSTALL.

8. If any windows show up asking whether to continue to install any untested

components, choose to CONTINUE ANYWAY.

9. When the installation is done, click FINISH.

ACTIVITY 1B : INSTALLATION OF VMWARE PLAYER

THEORY

VMware Player is a free version of VMware Workstation from VM. It can create virtual
machines and run them but with limited functionality compared to the full version
workstation. It provides simple installation of OS for virtual machines compared to Virtual
Box which requires a bit more technical knowledge to use. It is also well documented
compared to virtual box.
PROCEDURE

1. Install the VMware Player using the installer.

2. Follow the installation instructions carefully.

3. Use default configuration.

ACTIVITY 1C : USING VMWARE PLAYER

THEORY

Virtual machine acts as a computer. It has similar basic capacities as a physical computer.
Usually, a virtual machine will have the exact same physical hardware as the computer it's
run on. Optical drive, network interface card, USB drive, all will duplicate it the virtual
machine. However, to access this physical hardware is different since everything is only in
virtual form.

In this activity, students will learn to use 2 main functions, the optical drive and the network
properties. These 2 functions will be used heavily during all Operating System course
practical work.

PROCEDURE

1. Run the VMware application.

2. At the welcome screen choose Home (House symbol) and then choose Open a
Virtual Machine. Search for Windows XP Professional inside the c:\Iso Image\
Windows XP Professional folder.

3. Now play the Windows XP Professional virtual machine. When windows appear,
choose I copied it.

4. Let windows load until you can the windows desktop.

5. To insert an optical disc (CD or DVD) into the virtual machine is done by inserting
the ISO image of the optical disk into the virtual machine ODD drive. To do this
click the Player menu on top left of the virtual machine windows and select
Manage then Virtual Machine Settings… (or press Ctrl D). A new window opens,
choose the Hardware Tab and select CD/DVD (IDE).

6. To insert a particular CD ISO, in the Connection box, tick Use ISO image file and
browse the location of the ISO image. If you are using a physical disc, choose Use
physical drive and select the ODD containing the disc. To confirm the disc is
inserted, close the Virtual Machine Settings windows and open My Computer to
confirm the content of the virtual machine ODD.

7. Next, to change the Virtual Machine network hardware characteristic, reopen the
Virtual Machine Settings windows. In the Hardware tab choose Network
Adapter. In the Network connection box, tick Bridged: Connected directly to
the physical network. This will be the default setting we will use in all of our lab
 exercises (Please remember this). To change the network IP address or
properties, this can be done through the operating system. Try changing the
network address to 10.122.34.21.

ACTIVITY 1D : USING VIRTUAL BOX

THEORY

Same as WMware, Virtual Box hardware is also accessed through a certain menu.

PROCEDURE

1. Run the Virtual Box application.

2. Choose the new OS. Now click the setting icon (look like a gear). This will open
the setting menu for that particular OS.

3. To access the ODD select storage and then select the single cd icon inside the
Storage Tree box. If you are using a physical disc, select the ODD drive in the
Attributes box. If you’re using an image cd click the cd icon in the Attributes and
then Choose a virtual CD/DVD file… Browse for the cd image. Click the OK
button.

4. Now to change the network hardware setting. Again, open the setting windows for
the operating system. Select Network.

5. Open Adapter 1 tab. Make sure to tick the Enable Network Adapter.

6. Now Choose Bridged Adapter (click Attached to drop down menu). Close the
setting windows by clicking the OK button.

ACTIVITY 1E : PREPARING A VMWARE PLAYER VIRTUAL HARD DISK

THEORY

Before a user can use a virtual machine, the user needs to install the operating system in
the virtual machine. To do that, first the user must prepare the virtual machine hardware
specification (setup up hard drive size, memory size, name, setting etc). A user can
configure his/ her own virtual machine hardware specification as needed. The virtual
machine software will suggest a certain value in order for the installed operating software to
work properly. So basically, a user can set a higher specification than the suggested by
software but must not go below as this will affect the virtual machine performance.

PROCEDURE
1. Run VMware player.

2. Create a new virtual machine.

3. Choose ‘I will install the operating system later’.

4. Select the appropriate OS to be installed. Choose any window OS.

 5. In the virtual machine name box type in the name for your virtual machine, for
example Win7_Amirul_Lab1D. (Name must contain OS product, Student name
and lab no/activity). Change the location to your work directory.

6. Click NEXT. Choose to store the virtual OS as a split file.

7. Finish the configuration.

8. Repeat step 1 to 6 to create another virtual OS for a Ubuntu/Linux OS.

ACTIVITY 1F : PREPARING A VIRTUAL BOX HARD DISK

PROCEDURE

1. Run Virtual Box. Click the NEW button. Click NEXT.

2. Choose the OS developer and then choose the version. Select Window 2003.

3. Type a name. Follows the instruction on how to name the virtual machine in activity
1E. Click NEXT.

4. Use the recommended memory size or you may change it to make it bigger. Do
not change it to a smaller size than recommended. Click NEXT.
5. Select start-up disk and choose Create new hard disk.

6. Choose VDI (Virtual Box Disk image). Click NEXT.

7. Choose dynamically allocated size. Don’t change the recommended hard disk size.
Click NEXT. If any error pops-up, reduce the hard disk size.

8. Change the file location to your working folder. Clicks CREATE. Wait until you
finish.

9. Repeat step 1 to 8 to create another virtual OS for a Ubuntu/Linux OS.

6 RESULT
Make a screenshot for each Activity with description.
PREPARATION FOR HARD DISK
 (8 marks)

7 DISCUSSION
Make a discussion based on the questions below.

1. Based on Activity 1E and 1F, explain why the virtual machine installer package options
are best left as default (memory size, hard disk size) when preparing for the
installation?

The default settings are usually chosen to be compatible with the operating system
you're installing. The installer package has been tested with these settings to ensure
 that the OS will work correctly. Deviating too far from these defaults might lead to
compatibility issues.
(3 marks)

2. From Activity 1C&1D, compare 3 (THREE) features of Virtual Box and VMware player.

VirtualBox:

1. Open Source and Free: VirtualBox is open-source software, providing a free

virtualization platform for various operating systems.
2. Cross-Platform Compatibility: It runs on Windows, macOS, Linux, and more,
allowing users to create virtual machines on different host systems.
3. Extensive Guest OS Support: VirtualBox supports a wide range of guest
operating systems, making it versatile for testing and development purposes.

VMware Player :
1. User-Friendly Interface: VMware Player offers an easy-to-navigate interface
suitable for both beginners and experienced users.
2. Snapshot Management: It provides robust snapshot management, enabling
users to capture and revert to specific virtual machine states, beneficial for software
development and testing.
3. Unity Mode (Windows Hosts): On Windows hosts, VMware Player offers
Unity Mode, integrating virtual machine applications seamlessly with the host
desktop for a more integrated user experience.
(6 marks)

8 CONCLUSION
Write a conclusion based on your work in this practical session.

In conclusion, both VirtualBox and VMware Player (VMware Workstation Player) offer
valuable virtualization solutions with their unique features. VirtualBox stands out as an
open-source and free platform with cross-platform compatibility and extensive guest OS
support. On the other hand, VMware Player impresses with its user-friendly interface,
powerful snapshot management capabilities, and, when used on Windows hosts, the
added advantage of Unity Mode for enhanced integration with the host desktop. The choice
between them depends on individual needs, preferences, and specific use cases.

(3 marks)

Student Name :
Student ID :
ASPECTS
A Install VirtualBox
. (Activity 1A)
B Install VMWare Player
. (Activity 1B)
Utilize VMWare Player
C
ODD and basic Network
.
Setting (Activity 1C)
Utilize VirtualBox ODD
D
and basic Network
.
Setting (Activity 1D)
E Prepare VMWare virtual
hard disk.
. assistance from the lecturer.
(Activity 1E)
F Prepare VirtualBox
virtual hard disk.
. assistance from the lecturer.
(Activity 1F)
G
Troubleshooting problem
PRACTICAL WORK 1.0 : PRACTICAL SKILL ASSESSMENT RUBRIC
DEC50103 OPERATING SYSTEMS
EXCELLENT
5 4
Able to install VirtualBox
successfully without
assistance from the lecturer.
Able to install VMWare
Player successfully without
assistance from the lecturer.
Able to fully utilize VMWare
Player ODD and basic
Network Setting correctly
without assistance from the
lecturer.
Able to fully utilize VirtualBox
ODD and basic Network
Setting correctly without
assistance from the lecturer.
Able to prepare VMWare
virtual hard disk - without
assistance from lecturer.
Able to prepare VirtualBox
virtual hard disk - without
assistance from lecturer.
Able to take initiative to
identify and solve unexpected
problems using their own
creativity without assistance
from the lecturer.
SCORE DESCRIPTION
VERY GOOD
Able to install VirtualBox
successfully with assistance
from the lecturer.
Able to install VMWare Player
successfully with assistance
from the lecturer.
Able to fully utilize VMWare
Player ODD and basic
Network Setting correctly with
assistance from the lecturer.
Able to fully utilize VirtualBox
ODD and basic Network
Setting correctly with
assistance from the lecturer.
Able to prepare VMWare
virtual hard disk with
Able to prepare VirtualBox
virtual hard disk with
Able to identify and solve
unexpected problems with
assistance from the lecturer.
Class :
Date :
GOOD
3 2
Able to install VirtualBox
after second attempt/ Solve
troubleshoot problems.
Able to install VMWare
Player after second attempt/
Solve troubleshoot
problems.
Able to utilize VMWare
Player ODD and basic
Network Setting after
second attempt/ Solve
troubleshoot problems.
Able to utilize VirtualBox
ODD and basic Network
Setting after second
attempt/ Solve troubleshoot
problems.
Able to prepare VMWare
virtual hard disk at a time
after second attempt /
troubleshoot problems
Able to prepare VirtualBox
virtual hard disk at a time
after second attempt /
troubleshoot problems
Able to identify and solve
unexpected problem after
second attempt/
troubleshoot problems
FAIR
Unable to install VirtualBox
although with assistance
from the lecturer.
Unable to install VirtualBox
although with assistance
from the lecturer.
Unable to utilize VMWare
Player ODD and basic
Network Setting although
with assistance by
lecturer.
Unable to utilize
VirtualBox ODD and
basic Network Setting
although with assistance
by lecturer.
Unable to prepare VMWare
virtual hard disk although
with assistance by lecturer.
Unable to prepare
VirtualBox virtual hard disk
although with assistance by
lecturer.
Unable to identify and solve
unexpected problems.
……..……………………………………….….
SCAL SCOR
UNSATISFACTORY E E
1
Unable to install VirtualBox x1
Unable to install VirtualBox x1
Unable to Utilize VMWare
Player ODD and basic x1
Network Setting.
Unable to Utilize
VirtualBox Player ODD x1
and basic Network Setting.
Unable to prepare
VMWare virtual hard disk
x1
Unable to prepare
VirtualBox virtual hard disk
x1
Unable to identify
problems and solve them.
x1
Total Practical Skill: /35
Supervisor Name and Signature