PERFORMAX Introduction

Earl M. Becker

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Strengths & Weaknesses

Emulsion-based Systems

Strengths (compared to WBM) Weaknesses (compared to WBM)

Shale Stability Higher potential for lost circulation
Membrane  Inherently high PV’s & Gels
Osmotic (low activity)  Lower Fracture propagation
pressure with OBM
Clay Stability High unit cost per barrel
Cuttings encapsulation Waste management costs
High Rates-of-penetration Environmental risks
Gas solubility & kick detection
Minimize bit balling & accretion
Torque & Drag Reduction

PERFORMAX Overview 1
 Advantage Engineering
Static Density Comparison

Surface Density
11.5 lbm/gal
Synthetic-based mud (SBM)
Oil-based mud (OBM)
Water-based mud (WBM)
Downhole Conditions
Temperature
Pressure

Fracturing Data in Shale:

WBM versus OBM

DEA-13

PERFORMAX Overview 2
 Fracture Propagation
WBM:
Full pressure shielded from tip
by solids filter cake buildup.

OBM/Synthetic

Full pressure essentially

at fracture tip.

DEA-113

Inherent Differences between WBM and OBM

Salt type and concentration Formation wetting - (shale & clay) are

Oils muds contain 25% (wt) calcium chloride naturally water-wet

• Activity of 0.746 Capillary entry pressure effects

WBM contains (at best) 20% (wt) of sodium Solids removal efficiency
chloride Emulsion systems typically are 90%
• Activity of 0.839 WBM range from 70-75 %
Solvency PERFORMAX ~ 80%
Water is highly polar and is an excellent Recycling
solvent
Temperature & density stability
Organic base fluids are poor solvents

PERFORMAX Overview 3
 Definition of a HPWBM

Water-based mud that closes the drilling performance gap between

conventional WBM and emulsion systems

Provide the drilling performance benefits of emulsion systems without

their environmental liability

Cutting-edge water-based technology

Possesses the drilling performance mechanisms of emulsion systems

PERFORMAX System

PERFORMAX is a high-performance WBM designed to mirror the

drilling performance attributes of emulsion muds (OBM & SBM)
It is an alternative, not a technical replacement, for emulsion muds

PERFORMAX Overview 4
 PERFORMAX Products & Functions
Product Function

MAX-PLEX Aluminium & Resin complex that works in combination with

MAX-SHIELD to generate semi-permeable membrane and
improve well-bore stability
MAX-SHIELD Micronized deformable sealing polymer used to generate
semi-permeable membrane with MAX-PLEX for shale
stabilisation
MAX-GUARD Polyamine for suppressing the hydration of reactive
claystone / gumbo
PENETREX Provides hydro-phobic coating to reduce bit balling, reduce
drill-string accretion & maximise ROP
NEW-DRILL PHPA for cuttings encapsulation & improved cuttings
integrity

PERFORMAX Overview 5