Bibliography Objectives
Ghosh, S. (2020b, August 25). This study analyses
Factors Responsible for how some of these
Childhood Malnutrition: A socio-economic factors
Review of the literature. affect childhood
https://www.foodandnutritionjour malnutrition and
nal.org/volume8number2/factors identifies the major
-responsible-for-childhood- steps taken by the
malnutrition-a-review-of-the- authorities of different
literature/ countries to eliminate
these causes.
Variables
Childhood malnutrition under
5, nutritional status
Household income, maternal
education, access to
healthcare services,
food security, water,
sanitation, and hygiene
(WASH)
Methods Findings
This study is based on a
systematic review of published
articles in different online
databases including: (i) Scopus,
(ii) Elsevier, and (iii) Web of
Science. Search engines utilized
were Google Scholar, INFLIBNET,
and JSTOR. The period of
publication for the reviewed
articles was from 1990 to 2019.
A study from Germany
shows that for
overweight children,
their medical costs are
ϵ27 higher than a child
of normal weight, and
for an obese child
medical costs are ϵ62
higher.5 Tebeje et al.6
showed that
malnourished, stressed,
and obese mothers
have a high chance of
having obese children.
In addition, a mother’s
intake of energy-driven,
zero-nutritious food and
less physical activity are
the major contributing
factors for raising obese
children.
Meshesha, H. A., Birhane, A.,
Tamire, M., Diress, M. G., &
Worku, W. (2021). Assessment of
Barriers that delay for Acute
Malnutrition Treatment among
under-five children in Lay
Gaynet, Amhara, Northwest
Ethiopia: 2020. A Qualitative
Content Analysis Study.
Research Square (Research
Square).
https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-
234687/v1
To explore the barriers Child’s age and gender,
that delay acute location, distance to
malnutrition treatment healthcare facility household
services among size
parents/caregivers
having under-five Delay in acute malnutrition
children. treatment
Socio-economic status,
knowledge and awareness,
health- seeking behavior,
access to healthcare
services,
A descriptive qualitative content
analysis study with a purposive
sampling technique were
employed to conduct in-depth
interview among
parents/caregivers, and key
informant interview among health
workers, health administrators and
community health development
army leader. The data was
collected by two trained research
assistants, 6 parents/caregivers
for in-depth interviews, and 16
participants for the key informant
interview with observations of the
practice. Open code version 4.02
software was used for data
management during analysis.
Parents faced lack of
health-seeking
behaviours: lack of
awareness, perceptions
of illness behaviours,
poverty, workload, and
traditional beliefs; poor
infrastructures and
difficult geographical
setup, the travel
distance, inaccessibility
of the service, and lack
of organized treatment
facility, COVID-19
pandemic, lack of
sustainable
interventions, lack of
skilled and committed
health worker, lack of
health worker training,
discontinuity of stock
supply and long waiting
time to receive the
treatment were
identified as the barrier
for early prevention and
treatment of under-5
child acute malnutrition
Obasohan, P. E., Walters, S. J.,
Jacques, R., & Khatab, K. (2020b).
Risk Factors Associated with
Malnutrition among Children Under-
Five Years in Sub-Saharan African
Countries: A Scoping Review.
International Journal of
Environmental Research and Public
Health, 17(23), 8782.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph172387
82
This scoping review aimed to
identify the existing literature
that uses classical regression
analysis on nationally
representative health survey
data sets to find the individual
socioeconomic, demographic
and contextual risk factors
associated with malnutrition
among children under five
years of age in Sub-Sahara
Africa (SSA).
child-related, The methodological
parental/household- pattern used in this
related and community or scoping review followed
area-related. Arkey and O’Malley, Lecac
et al., and the Agency for
Healthcare Research and
Quality (AHRQ)-enhanced
framework,
recommendations and
guidelines, respectively.
The steps include the
following: (1) identify the
research question, (2)
identify the relevant study
sources, (3) select sources
of evidence and eligibility
criteria, and (4) chart data
The results section
reports the profile of the
quantitative analysis of
risk factors associated
with malnutrition in
under five children in
SSA following the
Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-
Analyses extension for
Scoping Reviews
(PRISMA-ScR)
checklists
Mohseni, M., & Aryankhesal, A.
(2020). Developing a model for
prevention of malnutrition among
children under 5 years old. BMC
Health Services Research, 20(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-
020-05567-x
this study aimed to provide a
model for the prevention of
malnutrition among children
under 5 years old (CU5) in
Iran.
Nutritional status of using a mixed Based on these areas,
children under five. methods approach. A 118 solutions were
model for prevention finally selected for the
Maternal and child health of malnutrition in CU5 final model. This model
factors: was proposed based is designed based on
Maternal nutrition health, on the earlier steps, the current conditions in
maternal knowledge and with the cooperation different regions of Iran,
practices, birth order and consultation of the factors related to
experts and child malnutrition,
Socioeconomic factors: specialists. In the affective context on
Household income, final step, a Delphi policy making, the
household size, parental method was used to content of previous
education, employment determine the validity policies, the process of
status of parents, access of the proposed policy making in Iran,
to basic services model. and key stakeholders
and actors in policy
making.
Athavale, P., Hoeft, K. S., Dalal, R., This study is an in-depth Demographic Variables: The population was ost infants were fed
Bondre, A., Mukherjee, P., & Sokal- qualitative assessment of - Age and gender of purposively sampled complementary foods
Gutierrez, K. (2020b). A qualitative family barriers and facilitators family members to represent a variety and non-nutritious
assessment of barriers and to implementing recommended - Family composition of household processed snacks,
facilitators to implementing nutrition practices in two demographics. Data counter to IYCF
recommended infant nutrition Mumbai slum communities, Barriers and Facilitators: were collected recommendations. Key
practices in Mumbai, India. Journal within the context of an - Knowledge and through 33 in-depth barriers included: lack
of Health, Population and Nutrition, existing nutrition education- awareness: semi-structured of nutrition knowledge
39(1). based intervention by a local - Attitudes and beliefs interviews with and experience,
non-governmental non-profit - Perceived benefits and caregivers (mothers receiving conflicting
organization. barriers. and paternal messages from
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043- - Social support grandmothers) of different sources,
020-00215-w - Resources and children age 0-2 limited social support,
- Socioeconomic years. and poor self-efficacy
factors. for maternal decision-
- Family dynamics and making.
roles

Sulaiman, A. A., Bushara, S. O., The aim of this study was Child’s age and gender A cross-sectional Among 1,447 surveyed
Elmadhoun, W. M., Noor, S. K., to estimate the prevalence household survey was children, the prevalence
Abdelkarim, M., Aldeen, I. N., Osman, M., of undernutrition among Maternal and households done in four localities of stunting, underweight,
Almobarak, A. O., Awadalla, H., & children <5 years in River characteristic: maternal in RNS. Using and wasting were
Ahmed, M. H. (2018). Prevalence and Nile state (RNS) in North age, household income or Multistage Cluster 42.5%, 32.7%, and
determinants of undernutrition among Sudan. poverty, household size, sampling, 1635 under 21%, respectively.
children under 5-year-old in rural areas: A access to clean water and 5 years' children had Stunting was highest
cross-sectional survey in North Sudan. sanitation facilities. participated. Pretested among the 48–60
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary questionnaire and months of age group
Care, 7(1), 104. Antenatal care, anthropometric (82.5%). Boys had
immunization status, measures were used poorer indicators of
healthcare access during data collection. undernutrition in
https://doi.org/10.4103/ The analysis was done comparison to girls.
jfmpc.jfmpc_73_17 Dietary factors: using SPSS software Geographically stunting
Infant and young child program version 21 was more prevalent in
feeding practices, food and World Health Berber locality
security Organization (WHO)
Anthro 2005 software.
Environmental factors:
sanitation and hygiene,
environmental pollution