1.

Thermodynamic
1. A sealed spherical steel vessel, containing propane and oxygen just ignited, is immersed, in a large pool of water.
The spherical vessel represents a system which is
(IOC 99)
(a) Isolated
(b) Closed
(c) Adiabatic
(d) Open
2. Which of the following represents a differential change in a thermodynamic property
(BHEL 97)
(a) Pdv
(b) vdP
(c) Pdv + vdP
(d) None of the above
3. For an ideal gas, which of the following is (are) zero

(a)
( )
∂u
∂v T

(b)
( )
∂h
∂p T

(c)
( )
∂T
∂P h

(d)
( ∂h )
∂p
T (BHEL 97)
4. Which of the following statement(s) is/are valid according to the (two parameter) Corresponding State Principle?
(a) All substances have the same Pc, Vc, Tc
(b) All substances have the same critical compressibility factor
(c) Z, the compressibility factor is the same function of Pr, and Tr, for all gases
(d) All of the above (GATE 83)
5. When a real gas undergoes Joule-Thomson expansion, the temperature
 (a) May remain constant
(b) Always increases
(c) May increase or decrease
(d) Always decreases (GATE 83)
6. The thermodynamic temperature scale is given by:

Q2 T1
| |=
(a)
Q1 T2
Q1 T1
| |=
(b)
Q2 T2
Qnet T1
| |=
(c)
Q2 T2
Qnet T 1 −T 2
| |=
(d)
Q2 T1
(GRE)
7. In the absence of kinetic and potential energy changes, the useful work obtainable from a closed system
undergoing a process a)
(a) May be equal to the decrease in availability
(b) May be more than the decrease in availability
(c) May be less than the decrease in availability
(d) Is equal to the irreversibility (GRE)
8. A system undergoes a change from a given initial state to a given final state by:
1. an irreversible process with entropy change of the system represented by  S1; and
2. a reversible process with entropy change of the system represented by  SR. Then
(a)  S1 is always >  SR
(b)  S1 is sometimes >  SR
(c)  S1 is always <  SR
(d)  S1 is always =  SR (GRE)
9. The change in Gibbs energy vapourisation of a pure substance is
 (a) Positive
(b) Negative
(c) May be positive or negative
(d) Zero (GRE)
10. In a saturated air-water vapour mixtures
(a) The dry bulb temperature = the wet bulb temperature
(b) The dewpoint temperature < the wet bulb temperature
(c) The dry blub, wet bulb and dew point temperatures are same
(d) None of the above is true (GRE)
11. For each item in the list – I, there could be one or more related items in the list – II. Match them correctly.
(GATE 83)
List – I
A. Intensive property
B. Path function
C. Concept of temperature
D. Gas turbine
E. Dalton’s law
List – II
1. Enthalpy
2. Otto cycle
3. Mixture of ideal gases
4. Pressure
5. Zeroth law
6. Heat
7. Volume
8. Second law
9. Brayton cycle
10. Mixture of all compressive fluids
11. First law
Codes:
(a) A – 2, 3; B – 1, 7; C – 4, 11; D – 5, 9; E – 10
(b) A – 4, 3; B – 6; C – 5, 8; D – 9; E – 3
(c) A – 3; B – 11; C – 8; D – 5; E – 1
(d) A – 1, 3; B – 2, 5; C – 4; D – 9; E – 7
(GRE)
12. During an experiment, an ideal gas is found to obey an additional law, Vp 2 = constant. The gas is initially at a
temperature T and volume V. when it expands to a volume 2V, the temperature will become.
 (a) 2T

(b) √ 2T
(c) T2
(d) T2/2
(GRE)
13. During isothermal expansion, the work done by a gas depends upon
(a) Adiabatic index
(b) Atomicity of the gas
(c) Expansion ratio
(d) Temperature of the gas
(GRE)
14. One hundredth of a kilogram of air is compressed in a piston-cylinder device. At an instant of time when T = 400
K, the rate at which work is being done on the air is 8.165 kW, and heat is being removed at a rate of
temperature rise will be
(a) 10 k/s
(b) 100 k/s
(c) 1000 k/s
(d) 10000 k/s (GATE 83)
15. Which of the following statement is/are correct?
1. Systems never posses work but heat can be
2. Both heat and work are path functions
3. While work is a boundary phenomenon, heat is not
4. Both heat and work are inexact differential.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 and 4 (GATE 83)
16. In steam tables, the entropy is shown as zero for
(a) Saturated vapour at atmospheric pressure
(b) Saturated liquid at atmospheric pressure
(c) Saturated vapour at 0C
(d) Saturated liquid at 0C (GATE 83)
17. Two new scales of temperature, called scale P and scale Q, are so chosen that the boiling point of water is
calibrated to read 200 on both scales. A change of 10 on scale P represents the same change in temperature as
a change of 20 on scale Q. If follows that
(a) 0 on scale P corresponds to - 100 on scale Q
(b) 50 on scale P corresponds to - 100 on scale Q
 (c) 100 on scale P corresponds to - 200 on scale Q
(GATE 83)

Cp
18. For an ideal gas, the ratio of specific heats
Cv
=− ( )
V ∂p
P ∂v s
[CP and CV are specific heats at constant pressure and volume respectively, V = Volume, P = Pressure, S = Entropy)
Which of the following statement is true?

Cp
>0
(a)
Cv
Cp
<0
(b)
Cv
Cp
(c) Since
( )
∂p
∂v
< 0s
, for an ideal gas,
C v
<0

(d) Cp is very nearly equal to Cv for liquid water

(GATE 83)
19. For a closed system, the difference between the heat added to the system and the work done by the system is
equal to the change in
(a) Enthalpy
(b) Entropy
(c) Temperature
(d) Internal energy (GATE 83)
20. Which of the following set of quantities contains, intensive variables?
(a) Pressure, temperature and density
(b) Work, energy and weight
(c) Mass, energy and weight
(d) Kinetic energy, potential energy and internal energy
(SAIL)
21. The phase diagram for water (at moderate pressure) 100 ks most like
(A) (B)

(C) (D)
(GRE)
22. The expression du = CvdT is valid for
(a) An ideal gas regardless of the process
(b) A real substance at constant pressure
(c) A real substance independent of V and P
(d) All real gases at high pressure (GER)
23. For a reversed Carnot cycle, which figure represents the variation of TL for different values of COP for a constant
value of TH = 300 k (say)?
(A) (B)
TH = 300k TH = 300k
COP COP

TL, 0k TL, 0k
(C) (D) TH = 300k (GATE 84)
TH = 300k
COP
COP

TL, 0k
TL, 0k

24. The pressure P of an ideal gas and its mean kinetic energy E per unit volume are related by the relation

E
P=
(a) 2
3E
P=
(b) 2
2E
P=
(c) 3
E
P=
(d) 3 (GATE 84)
25. Reduce pressure is
(a) Always less than atmospheric pressure
(b) Always unity
(c) An index of molecular position of a gas
(d) Dimensionless (GATE 84)
26. Which of the following statements about Van der Waal’s equation is valid?
(a) It is valid for all pressure and temperatures
(b) It represents a straight line on pv versus v plot
(c) It has three roots of identical value at the critical point
(d) The equation is valid for diatomic gases only
(GATE 84)
27. In a converging – diverging nozzle
(a) The converging section can reduce pressure and increases subsonic velocities
(b) The converging section can increase pressure and increase supersonic velocities
(c) The converging section can increase pressure and reduce supersonic velocities
(d) The converging section can reduce pressure and also reduce subsonic velocities
(CIVIL SERVICES)
28. A heat pump for domestic heating between a cold system (the contents of a refrigerator cabinet) at 0C and the
water in the radiator system at 80C. what is the minimum electrical power consumption to provide a heat
output of 90000 kJ/hr?
(a) 1.5 kW
(b) 2.75 kW
(c) 5.67 kW
(d) 8.83 kW (CIVIL SERVICES)
29. For which of the following situations, Zeroth law of thermodynamics will not be valid?
(a) 50 cc of water at 25C are mixed with 150 cc of water at 25C
(b) 500 cc of water at 15C are mixed with 100 cc of water at 15C
(c) 5 kg of wet steam at 100C are mixed with 50 kg of dry and saturated steam at 100C
(d) 10 cc of water at 20C are mixed with 10 cc of sulphuric acid at 25C
(CIVIL SERVICES)
30. A scientific law is a statement that
(a) We postulate to be true
(b) Is generally observed to be true
(c) Is derived from a mathematical theorem
(d) Is a summary of experimental observations
(CIVIL SERVICES)
31. Fig. shows a vessel divided into two parts by a diaphragm. The space ‘A’ contains a gas and space ‘B’ is
evacuated. These two spaces are separated by a diaphragm. Now, if the diaphragm is punctured, the gas will
expand into the evacuated space B. which of the following statement is invalid?
DIAPHRAGM
GAS UNDER
PRESSURE
A B
 (a) A free expansion is a non-quasi-static process
(b) The pressure and volume of gas are not related through the equation of states.
(c) The process is irreversible
(d) The energy is transferred to the system
(GATE 84)
32. If a quasi equilibrium process exists, we have assumed
(a) The pressure at any constant to be everywhere constant
(b) An isothermal process
(c) That no friction exists
(d) The boundary motion to be infinitesimally small
(CIVIL SERVICES)
33. Match List- I (primary fixed points) with List – II (Temperature in C) and select the correct answer using the
codes given below the lists:
List – I (primary fixed points)
A. Freezing point of gold
B. Triple point of water
C. Triple point of oxygen
D. Triple point of hydrogen
List – II (Temperature in C)
1. 0.01 C
2. -218.789C
3. 1064.43 C
4. -259.34 C
Codes
(a) A – 1; B – 2; C – 3; D – 4
(b) A – 2; B – 3; C – 4; D – 1
(c) A – 3; B – 1; C – 4; D – 2
(d) A – 3; B – 1; C – 2; D – 4 (CIVIL SERVICES)
34. A rigid insulated vessel is divided into two parts by a diaphragm. One part of the vessel contains sulphuric acid at
a temperature of 20C and the other part contains water at a temperature of 20C. the diaphragm is removed
thus allowing the two fluids to mix, the pressure and temperature of the contents rise and after some time the
conditions are uniform throughout the vessel. It can be concluded that while considering the contents of the
vessel as the system,
(a) Heat transfer is + and work done is –
(b) Heat transfer is – and work done is +
(c) Both heat transfer and work done are 0
(d) Heat transfer is + and work done is 0
 (CIVIL SERVICES)
35. Which of the following is the highest temperature?
(a) Boiling point of Neon
(b) Freezing point of silver
(c) Triple point of Oxygen
(d) Freezing point of Zinc
(CIVIL SERVICES)
36. In which of the following case the heat transfer Q will be zero?
(a) A rigid steel containing steam at a temperature of 100C is left standing in the atmosphere which is at a
temperature of 27C.
(b) Two kg of air flows adiabatically from the atmosphere into a previously evacuated bottle.
(c) A mixture of ice and water is contained in a vertical cylinder closed at the top by a piston. The upper
surface of the piston is exposed to the atmosphere. The piston is held stationary while a flame, applied to
the base of the cylinder, causes some of the ice to melt.
(d) 0.2 kg of gas contained in an insulated cylinder expands as the piston moves slowly outwards.
(GRE)
37. Which of the following is the lowest temperature?
(a) Triple point of Oxygen
(b) Boiling point of water
(c) Triple point of Oxygen
(d) Freezing point of gold (CIL)

38. In which a case the work done is negative? (The systems to be considered are printed in italics)
(a) A rigid steel vessel containing steam at a temperature of 110C is left standing in the atmosphere
which at a temperature of 32C.
(b) One kg of air flows adiabatically from the atmosphere into a previously evacuated bottle.
(c) A rigid vessel containing ammonia gas is connected through a valve to an evacuated rigid vessel. The
vessels the, valve and the connecting pipe are well insulated. The valve is opened and after a time,
conditions through the two vessels become uniform.
(d) A mixture of ice and water is contained in an insulated vertical cylinder closed at the top by a non-
conducting piston; the upper surface is exposed to the atmosphere. The piston is held stationary while the
mixture is stirred by means of a paddle-wheel protruding through the cylinder wall as a result some of the
ice melts. (GATE 85)
39. The characteristics of a control volume are:
(a) The volume, shape and position with respect to an observer are fixed.
(b) The volume, shape and position with respect to an observer may change.
(c) There is material flow across the boundary.
(d) There is no material flow across the boundary
(GATE 88)
40. A body of weigh 100 N fails freely through a distance of 10 m against an atmospheric drag force of 5 N.
considering the body as these system, the work interaction is:
(a) 1000 Nm
(b) 1050 Nm
(c) 950 Nm
(d) 50 Nm (GATE 88)
41. An insulated rigid vessel contains some gas and electrical resistor. In a certain interval of time the resistor
connected to an external electric power source heats the gas. Considering the vessel and its contents as the
system.
(a) Heat and work transfer are zero
(b) Heat and work transfer are zero
(c) Heat transfer is zero and work transfer is negative
(d) Heat transfer is positive and work transfer is zero
(GATE 88)
42. In a reversible isothermal process undergone by an ideal gas.
(a) Heat transfer is zero
(b) The change in internal energy is zero
(c) Work transfer is zero
(d) Heat transfer is equal to work transfer
(GATE 88)
43. For a system undergoing an irreversible process
(a) Tds = Q
(b) Tds = 2Q
(c) Tds > Q
(d) Tds < Q
(GATE 88)
44. The equation S = R ln(p1/p2) determines the change in entropy of an ideal gas for a reversible process which is
(a) Adiabatic
(b) Isothermal
(c) Isobaric
(d) All of the above
(GATE 88)
45. A system undergoes a change of state during which 100 kJ of heat is transferred to it and it does 50 kJ of work.
(a) 50 kJ
(b) 70 kJ
(c) 170 kJ
(d) All of the above
(GATE 88)
46. In a steady flow reversible isobaric heating of an ideal gas from state 1 to state 2, the equations for heat transfer
and work are:
(a) Q = CP(T2-T1); W = P(V2-V1)
(b) Q = CP(T2-T1); W = 0
2
∫ Cpdt ; W =0
(c) Q = 1
(d) None of the above
(GATE 88)
47. For a pure substance at its triple point, the number of degree of freedom is:
(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) None of the above
(GATE 88)
48. The state of a real gas is changed from pressure P 1, temperature T1 to pressure P2 temperature T2. The change in
enthalpy, h2 – h1, is given by:
T2

∫ Cpdt
T1
(a)
T2 p2

∫ Cpdt +∫ ( δh
δp )
dP
T1 p1 T
(b)

[ ( )]
T2 p2
δh
∫ Cvdt +∫ v −T
δp
dP
T1 p1 p
(c)

[ ( )]
T2 p2
dv
∫ Cpdt +∫ v−T
dT
dP
T1 p1 p
(d)
(GATE 88)
49. The value of compressibility factor is approximately unity when:
(a) p = pc, T = Tc
(b) p = 0
(c) T = 10, Tcp < pc
(d) None of the above
Where, P = pressure, T = Temperature, Pc = Critical pressure, Tc = Critical temperature.
(GATE 88)
50. The Joule Thomson coefficient  is defined as:

(a)
μ=( ) δT
δP h

μ=( )
δT
(b)
δP s

μ=(
δT )
δP
(c) h

μ=( )
δP
(d)
δT s
.
(GATE 88)
51. The availability per unit mass of a system,, in the absence of kinetic and potential energy change is
defined/calculated by:
(a)  = Maximum work obtainable when the system goes to the dead state
(b)  = Maximum useful work obtainable when the system goes to the dead state.
(c)  = (u – T0S) – (u0 – T0S0) + P0(V-V0)
(d)  = (h – T0S) – (h0 – T0S0)
(GATE 88)
52. The dew point temperature of humid air is
(a) Always higher than the wet bulb temperature
(b) Never higher than the wet bulb temperature
(c) The temperature of air obtained on cooling it till saturation at constant pressure
(d) The temperature of air obtained on cooling it till saturation at constant volume
(GATE 88)
53. With reference to air standard Otto and Diesel cycles, which of the following statements are true?
(a) For a given compression ratio and the same state of air before compression, Diesel cycle is less efficient than
on Otto cycle.
(b) For a given compression ratio and the same state of air before compression, Diesel cycle is more efficient
than on Otto cycle.
(c) The efficiency of a Diesel cycle decreases with an increase in the cut-off ratio.
(d) The efficiency of a Diesel cycle increases with an increase in the cut-off ratio.
(GATE 88)
54. In thermodynamic analysis, a pure substance is that which;
 (a) Consists of only a single chemical species
(b) Has no dissolved impurities
(c) May have a number of chemical species but the composition remains constant
(d) Behaves as a perfect gas
(GATE 87)
55. At its critical point, any substance will
(a) Exist in all the three phases
(b) Change directly from solid to vapour
(c) Lose phase distinction between liquid and vapour
(d) Behaves as an ideal gas
(GATE 87)
56. If a closed system obeys the following form of the first law equation, dq = du + pdv
(a) It is a simple compressible system undergoing reversible process
(b) It is a pure substance undergoing infinitesimal process
(c) It is undergoing an irreversible process
(d) It is undergoing an isentropic process
(GATE 87)

()
r−1
T 2 P2 r
=
T 1 P1
57. If during a process, the temperature and pressure of a system are related by, then the
system consists of
(a) Any gas undergoing an adiabatic process
(b) An ideal gas undergoing a polytropic process
(c) Any pure substance undergoing an adiabatic process
(d) An ideal gas undergoing an adiabatic process R = 8.314 kJ/k mol K.
(GATE 87)
58. Steam coming out of the whistle of a pressure cooker is
(a) Dry saturated vapour
(b) Wet vapour
(c) Superheated vapour
(d) Ideal gas
(GATE 87)
59. A cat weighing 2 kg jumps from the floor to a window 1.5 m high. Neglecting the air drag, work done by the cat is
(a) Zero
(b) Nearly 30 m
(c) 3 Nm
 (d) None of the above
(GATE 87)
60. In case of power failure, a battery is used to light a bulb, run a fan and heat an electric iron (each of 100 w rating)
for 10 minutes. In this process, the work done and heat supplied by the battery are given by:
(a) W = 0, Q = 0
(b) W = 180 kJ, Q = 0
(c) W = 60 kJ, Q = 120 kJ
(d) None of the above
(GATE 87)
61. A refrigerator with its door open is left running in a closed room. If the fan is also on and heat transfer from the
room is negligible the room temperature will
(a) Fall for some time and then rise
(b) Keep on increasing
(c) Decrease continuously
(d) Remain unaffected
(GATE 87)
62. Given that the critical point and triple point data for water are
Tc = 374C Pc = 22.1 MPa
TT = 0.01C PT = 0.6 kPa
Indicate the phase change that will occur in following cases
1. Ice at 0.5 kPa is heated isobarically.
2. Water vapour at 400C is compressed isothermally.

(a) 1 along AB, 2 along CD

(b) 1 along CD, 2 along AB
(c) 1 along OD, 2 along PR
(d) 1 along RD, 2 along OR
(GATE 87)
63. When d is the diameter of the molecules of a gas in a confined space, the collision frequency will be proportional
to
(a) d
 (b) 1/d
(c) d2
(d) 1/d2
(GATE 86)
64. The inversion temperature Ti of a gas is related to the Van der Waal’s constants as

8a
T i=
(a)
27 R b
27 R b
T i=
(b) 8a
2 Rb
T i=
(c) a
2a
T i=
(d)
Rb

(GATE 86)
65. If Q1 be the heat absorbed, Q2 be the heat delivered and W be the work done on a Carnot heat pump, the
coefficient of performance is given by

Q1
(a)
Q1−Q 2
Q2
(b)
Q1−Q 2
Q1
(c) W
Q2
(d) W

(GATE 86)
66. For a mixture of solid, liquid and vapour phases of a pure substance, in equilibrium, the number of independent
intrinsic properties needed will be
(a) 0
 (b) 1
(c) 2
(d) 3
(GATE 86)

67. in the Van der Waal’s equation

( p+
a
v 2 )
( v−b )=RT

The greater the value of constant ‘a’

(a) Closer the gas is to the ideal conditions
(b) Lesser are the forces of cohesion
(c) Easier is to liquefy the gas
(d) Higher is the density of the gas
(GATE 86)
68. The entropy of a mixture of ideal gases if the sum of the entropies of constituents evaluated at
The greater the value of constant ‘a’
(a) Temperature and pressure of the mixture
(b) Temperature of the mixture and the partial pressure of constituents
(c) Temperature and volume of the mixture
(d) Pressure and volume of the mixture (GATE 86)
69. For an ideal gas, the internal energy is a function of
(a) Temperature and pressure only
(b) Temperature and volume only
(c) Pressure only
(d) Temperature only (GATE 86)
70. A system is said to be consisting of a pure substance when
(a) It is homogeneous in composition
(b) It is homogeneous and invariable in chemical aggregation
(c) It has only one phase
(d) It has more than one phase (GATE 86)
71. The relation pv = constant, where  is the ratio of the specific heats of ideas gas, is applicable to
(a) Any adiabatic process
(b) Only reversible adiabatic process
(c) Only irreversible adiabatic process
(d) Only isothermal process (GATE 85)
72. The efficiency  of any heat engine and efficiency R of a reversible heat engine operating between common heat
source and heat sink are related as
 (a)  > R
(b)  < R
(c)   R
(d)   R (GATE 85)
73. On the T - S diagram, the area under the curve represents
(a) Total work done during the process
(b) Total heat absorbed during the process
(c) Total heat rejected during the process
(d) Degree of irreversibility
(GATE 85)
74. The enthalpy of a pure substance is defined as
(a) H = U + mRT
(b) H = U - mRT
(c) H = U + PV
(d) H = U - PV
(GATE 85)
75. Incomplete combustion is indicated by
(a) High temperature of exhaust gases
(b) Low temperature of exhaust gases
(c) High percentage of carbon monoxide in exhaust gases
(d) Low percentage of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases
(GATE 85)
76. The vacuum in a condenser is found to be 152mm of mercury. If the barometer reads 736 mm Hg, the absolute
pressure in torr is
(a) 152
(b) 304
(C) 584
(d) 888
(CIVIL SERVICES)
77. A refrigerating machine working on Reversed Carnot cycle takes out 2 kW per minute of heat from the system
while working between temperature limits of 300 k and 200 k. COP and power consumed by the cycle will be
(a) 1, 1 kW
(b) 1, 2 kW
(C) 2, 1 kW
(d) 2, 2 kW
(CIVIL SERVICES)
78. Joule Thomson coefficient for an ideal gas having equation pv = RT is
(a) Zero
(b) 0.5
(c) Unity
(d) Infinite
(CIVIL SERVICES)

79.
( )( )( )
∂P
∂v T
∂V
∂T P
∂T
∂P V is equal to
(a) Zero
(b) 1
(c) -1
(d) Infinite
(CIVIL SERVICES)
80. The volume V versus temperature T graphs for a certain amount of a perfect gas at two pressure, P 1 and P2 are as
shown in fig. It can be concluded that

(a) P1 represents monoatomic gas and p2 represents diatomic gas

(b) The adiabatic index for p1 is higher than that for p2
(c) The pressure p1 is greater than the pressure p2
(d) None of the above
(CIVIL SERVICES)
81. For a heat engine operating on Carnot cycle the work output is 1/4" of the heat transferred to the cold system.
The efficiency of the engine is
(a) 20 %
(b) 25 %
(c) 75 %
(d) 80 %
(CIVIL SERVICES)
82. In a system which undergoes irreversible process, positive work done is 50 kJ and the heat added is 45 kJ. The
change in entropy is
(a) negative
(b) positive
(c) Zero
(d) indeterminate
(L & T)
83. In an adiabatic process, 5000 J of work are performed on a system. In the non-adiabatic process by which the
system returns to its original state 1000 J of heat are added to the system. The work done during the non-
adiabatic
process is
(a) + 6000 J
(b) - 6000 J
(c) + 4000 J
(d) - 4000 J
(L & T)
84. If a mixture of air and water vapour is cooled at constant volume, condensation eventually occurs. Which of the
following statements about this process is NOT true?
(a) Condensation occurs below the normal dew point temperature
(b) condensation occurs when the specific volume of the water vapour becomes equal to the saturation specific
volume
(c) The partial pressure of the water vapour decreases during the cooling process
(d) the relative humidity decreases during the cooling process
(L & T)
85. The net energy transferred as heat and as work to a closed non-flow system is equal to the change in
(a) entropy
(b) enthalpy
(c) internal energy
(d) temperature
(L & T)
86. It can be shown that for a simple compressible substance the relationship

C p −C v=T ( )( )
∂V
∂T p
∂P
∂T p exists.
Which of the following statements is not true?
(a) Cp is always greater than Cv
(b) The right side of the equation reduces to R for an ideal gas

( ) ( )
2
∂P ∂V
(c) Since
∂V T can be either positive or negative, ∂T P must be positive, T must have a sign that is

opposite to that of
( )
∂P
∂T T

(d) Cp is very nearly equal to Cv for liquid water.

(GRE)
87. A system of 100 kg undergoes a process in which its specific entropy increases from 0.3 kJ/kg K to 0.4 kJ/kg K.
At the same time the entropy of the surrounding decreases from 80 KJ/k to 75 kJ/k. The process is
(a) Impossible
(b) Irreversible
(c) Reversible
(d) Semi-reversible
(HCL)
88. The enthalpy of steam entering a turbine in a Rankine cycle is 3200 kJ/kg K. The enthalpy after isentropic
expansion is 2400 kJ/kg and the enthalpy at the end of the actual expansion is 2560 kJ/kg. The turbine efficiency
is
(a) 88 %
(b) 80 %
(c) 73.75 %
(d) 70 %
(HCL)
89. Gas is being pumped into a spherical balloon at the rate of 100 cubic metres per minute. When the radius r = 50
metres, at what rate in m / min is the surface area changing?
(a) 5 
(b) 10
(c) 10 
(d) 20
(SAIL)
90. Thermodynamic cycle shown on temperature entropy diagram is

(a) Joule cycle

(b) Ericsson cycle
(c) Sterling cycle
(d) Bell-Coleman cycle
(HCL)
91. Fig. shows thermodynamic expansion processes A, B, C and D. which line is closest to the isentropic process?

(a) A
(b) B
(c) C
(d) D

(GATE 85)
92. The loss of available energy associated with the transfer of 100 kJ of heat from a constant temperature system at
600 K to another at 400 K when the environment temperature is 300 K, is
(a) 500 KJ
(b) 250 KJ
(c) 166.67 KJ
(d) 750 KJ
(GATE 85)
93. While designing air conditioning systems, it should be ensured that oxygen concentration should not fall
below ....... percent and carbon dioxide concentration should not exceed .......... percent
(a) 21....0.3
 (b) 20.......1
(c) 12......5
(d) 5....... 12
GATE 85)
94. Octane number of 2, 2, 4 trimethyl pentane is
(a) 0
(b) between 50 and 70
(c) nearly 80
(d) 100
(GATE 85)
95. The air standard diesel cycle is less efficient than the Otto cycle for the
(a) same compression ratio and heat addition
(b) same pressure and heat addition
(c) same rpm and cylinder dimensions
(d) same pressure and compression ratio
(GATE 85)
96. For the same maximum pressure and heat input the most efficient cycle is
(a) Diesel cycle
(b) Dual cycle
(c) Otto cycle
(d) Stirling cycle
(GATE 85)
97. Cetane
(a) C16 H34
(b) C12 H32
(c) C10 H32
(d) C8 H16
(GATE 85)
98. A pressure-volume diagram for some engine is shown in figure A. This diagram has been closely translated into
temperature-entropy diagram in figure B. The point X shown on p-v diagram is represented on T-S diagram by
 (a) point S
(c) point Q
(b) point P
(d) point R
(GATE 85)
99. A liquid is boiling in a airtight vessel. Using an exhaust tube the vapour is pumped out at a faster rate. What will
happen to the liquid?
(a) Temperature will go down but boiling will continue
(b) Temperature will rise and boiling will continue
(c) Boiling will stop
(d) Whatever vapour inside will condense
(GATE 85)
100. The primary reference fuels used for determining the anti-knock quality of compression ignition engine fuels are
(a) n-heptane and cyclohexane
(b) Cyclopentane and penta decane
(c) n-heptane and hexadecane
(d) Hexadecane and cyclo hexane
(GATE 85)