Electrical

Course Utilities

Confidence Not Confident

Last Edited @October 17, 2023 5:38 PM

References:

Philippine Electrical Code

National Building Code

Graphics Standards

Visual Dictionary of Architecture (FDK Ching)

ELECTRICITY - made up of atoms

Electrodynamic (AC) - Dynamic Electric, alternate current

Electrostatic (DC) - Static Electricity, direct current

Alternate Current (AC)- reverse Direct Current (DC)

direction of flow at regular intervals
Flows in one direction ( - to + ),
Reverse in direction, reverses fixed polarity
polarity
Uniform in strength
Frequency @ 60 hertz
Battery/dry cell
Phase @ SP/3P
2 types: continuous, fluctuating
230VAC

Electric Circuit - path for electric current w/ EMF (electromotive force) applied
Circuit Diagram - electrical layout

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 Close Circuit - complete, continuous path

Open Circuit - broken, incomplete, disconnected

Parallel Circuit Series Circuit

OHM’s Law - relationship of EMF, Current, Resistance

Formula:

I = Current (Amperes) Amperes (Amps) - inherent in wires

(conductor), Ammeter
V = EMF (Volts)
Voltage (Volts) - EMF, pressure of force,
R = Resistance
Voltmeter
(Ohms)
Ohms - friction/resistance, Ohmmeter

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 Nominal sizes of wires:

2.0mm²Ø - Lighting

3.5mm²Ø - Power

5.0-5.5mm²Ø - Independent

8.0mm²Ø - Spare

💡 Principle:

1 VOLT causes 1 AMPS to flow with 1 OHMS (1:1:1)

Definition of Terms:

Device - does not consume electricity

Watt - rate of power/ power consumption

heat volts + ampere

Watt meter - any one time

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 Watt-hour meter - periodic, KWH Meter/Electricity Meter

Alternator - AC generator

Generator - ME to EE

Motor - EE to ME

Battery - electrochemical, electrolysis

Primary - non renewable

Secondary - rechargeable

ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION

1. Generator Station - power stations, source of electricity

2. Transmission Lines - high voltage lines

3. Substation - distributed power to several circuits

4. Circuit - lines along highways and major roads, serve communities and business

5. Tap Lines - serves smaller groups and neighborhoods

6. Individual Transformers - reduces power to usable voltage levels

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