November 2014

V
O

CPSI JOURNAL
L
U
M
E A MAGAZINE BY THE COAL PREPARATION SOCIETY OF INDIA
Number - 16
VI

Government is ready with draft rules for auction of 74 coal block out of
blocks 210 recently cancelled by the Apex Court and timelines have been
fixed for ensuring time bound allocation through a transparent, fair and
flawless E auction process.

Piyush Goyal
Hon'ble Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Power,
Coal and New & Renewable Energy, Government of India

Coal washing will be made mandatory. This will require setting up large
number of washeries. Therefore, the environment ministry is finalising
the terms of reference for setting up coal washeries. This will make
getting environmental clearance for setting up washeries a less
cumbersome process. This move may help India defend using coal as a key
energy source at a time global climate talks are moving towards the need
for its phase out. The country has made it clear that its electricity needs
preclude that option.
Prakash Javadekar
Environment Minister

n f e rence s
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"Coal ortunity : P -17 April 201 elhi - India
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 About Coal Preparation Society of India (CPSI)
Coal Preparation Society of India (CPSI) is a non-
government and non-profit body of coal washing, coal
mining and allied industries. CPSI is dedicated
towards promotion of beneficiation of Indian coal in
order to make it clean and environmentally acceptable
energy resource.
Main objectives of CPSI
To promote
l the concept and cause of preparation/
beneficiation/cleaning of coal and making Coal-
Energy chain clean and environment friendly.
To act
l as a facilitator for the public and private
sector companies, government and non-
government agencies to work together for long-
term national objectives such as development of
state-of-art coal-preparation infrastructure in India.
To act
l as a clearing-house for mining, material
handling, beneficiation, blending, loading and
allied technologies.
To establish
l an effective network amongst coal
producers, consumers, coal washery operators,
washery design engineers, equipment manufac-
turers, material handling and transport groups,
technical and research organizations and academic
institutions, venture capitalists, traders both
domestic and international.
To provide an independent platform for deliberating
l enhancing bilateral trade and joint ventures.
important issues - pertaining to technological,
operational, financial, commercial, and policy
aspects of the Indian Coal Preparation Industry.
CPSI
l is registered under the Societies Registration
Act, XXI of 1860 and its head office is located in New
Delhi. Currently, the Society has 41 Corporate Life
Members, over 100 individual life members and
over 20 international members.
CPSI
l is a Member of the International Organizing
Committee (IOC) of the International Coal
Preparation Congress (ICPC) that is held once
every three years in different parts of the world.
Benefits to Members
Networking
l the coal professionals and staying
connected
Networking and liaison with members, industry
clients, PSUs and private companies in coal, power,
iron & steel, cement and allied industries, academic
and R&D institutions-domestic and international
etc.
Government - Industry Inter phase:
l
Regulatory issues, facilitating Members'
clarifications on queries and concerns on important
issues.
Independent
l Platform for sharing knowledge and
experience:
Offers opportunities to participate in technical/
commercial/entrepreneurial seminars, workshops,
conferences, round-table discussions, and training
programs.
Access to international experts and up-to-date
industry database.
Global Network:
l
Creates opportunity to develop international
business through contacts with International Coal
Preparation Congress (ICPC), which is held once
every three years.
CPSI co-hosts the Coal Prep Show held in last
week of April every year in Lexington, Kentucky,
USA.
Provides opportunity to join business delegations
of different countries to explore possibilities for
Disseminates commercial and economic
information including trade enquiries/tenders
received from abroad.
CPSI has a bilateral tie up with the Coal Preparation
Society of Ukraine (CPSU) for technical exchange of
journals, books, participation in conferences and
seminars.
For becoming a Member of CPSI, Please contact :
Secretary General
Coal Preparation Society of India
1332 A/B, Vasant Kunj,
New Delhi - 110 070 (India)
Tele/Fax: 91-11-26136416
Mob. : +91-9810302360, 9999104023
E-mail : hl.sapru@monnetgroup.com
kbtrehan@yahoo.com
rksachdev01@gmail.com
Website : www.cpsi.org.in
 CPSI JOURNAL
VOLUME - 6, NUMBER - 16, NOVEMBER 2014 Dear Industry colleagues,
Contents
l From the President
l Editorial Note
l From the Vice President
l From the Secretary General
l The First FGX Unit in the
European Union
– Dr. Ireneusz BAIC, Blaschke
Wiesław, Szafarczyk Józef
l Organic Efficiency, Tromp
Curve and its Interpretation of
Coal Washing Units
– K.M.P. Singh, U.S.
Chattopadhyay, T. Gouri
Charan
l Moving forward with the
Huaneng GreenGen IGCC
demonstration
– Xu Shisen
l Technical Evalution of an
operating mini flotation plant -
A Case Study
– U.S Chattopadhyay, T. Gouri
Charan, R. Venugopal
l Conference on "Coal Washing
in India – Emerging Business
Opportunity : Priorities &
Challenges" 16 -17 April, 2015
New Delhi - India
l First Meeting of the Inter-
national Organizing Committee
of the XVIII International Coal
Preparation Congress (2016)
held at St. Petersburg during
October 06–12, 2014
Government Notification
Coal Statistics
News
Authors' Profile
Corporate Members
From the President
Indian coal industry has come out of over two year's long ordeal of
investigative phase and if I am permitted to say, it has been a 'Koyla
Samudra Manthan'. Finally, facilitated by the Hon'ble Supreme Court,
the Government has now decided to start with a clean slate. As a result,
coal industry in the country is abuzz with policy consultations for
meeting the challenges and cashing on the opportunities emerging out of new situation. The
developers of captive coal mines, particularly those, whose allocations have been impacted
by the Supreme Court Judgment of 25th August, 2014 read with its order dated 24th
September 2014 are working on various options as to how to keep the down-stream plants
running? At the same time, the coal majors like Coal India Ltd, and Singareni Collieries
Company Ltd, have also started brainstorming as how they would face the challenge of the
new situation emerging out of Government having opened the coal sector albeit partially
for mining and sale of coal. New avenue of business has been opened for E - auction related
experts and service providers. Coal India is reported to be worried as to how to safe guard
against poaching of skilled operators, qualified/DGMS certified statutory personnel and
efficient officers by the private developers at higher pay packets and perks?
New team in the Ministry of Coal under able stewardship Shri Anil Swarup who recently
took over as the Coal Secretary is burning the midnight oil to initiate action to start the
auctioning process so that the domestic coal output does not take a hit. Government needs to be
complimented for having lost no time in framing the Draft Rules to be notified under the Coal
Mines (Special Provisions) Ordinance 2014 and putting these on Ministry's web site for
seeking public comments. It is amply clear from the manner in which the Draft Rules have
been framed, that the new policy of allocation of coal blocks is not a revenue-maximizing
approach but a sincere attempt to keep the electricity tariff low, bring in a transparency,
fairness and equity in the allocation process. It is also creditable for the coal ministry to set
the timelines for completing the allocation process within the current financial year.
With regard to the coal preparation scenario in the country, there are quite a few positive
developments. It is heartening to know that the Prime Minister's Office has asked the Coal
Ministry for time-bound schedule for developing coal washeries, including timelines for
both tendering and commissioning.
I consider it my privilege to inform the coal, coal prep and allied industries that the 19th
International Coal Preparation Congress (ICPC) will be held in the year 2019 in New
Delhi. As is well known, ICPC is held once in three years in different parts of the World.
17th ICPC was held in 2013 in Istanbul, Turkey. Next in the series 18th ICPC will be held in
St. Petersburg, Russia. A unanimous decision to this effect was taken at the meeting of the
International Organizing Committee (IOC) held during 6-12 October 2014. It is now time
for the industry to gear itself up, for hosting this very prestigious international event which
will provide an opportunity for accessing the best coal washing and allied technologies
most suited for our coals, both thermal and coking.
Before I conclude, I extend greetings and best wishes to all our Members and industry
colleagues and other friends and their families for a very happy, bright and prosperous New
Year 2015.
Jai Bharat Mata!
Warms regards,
R. K. Sachdev
CPSI Journal welcomes readers' comments, letters to the editors, and articles on
the topical issues. Interesting events, photographs and news are also welcome.
Please post your comments at E-mail : infodesk@cpsi.org.in
For more details about CPSI & regarding membership please log on to www.cpsi.org.in
or contact rksachdev01@gmail.com
Published by the Coal Preparation Society of India, New Delhi, www.cpsi.org.in
Disclaimer : CPSI does not take any responsibility of the opinions expressed and information
contained in the articles published in this Journal. (For restricted circulation only)
 CPSI Journal

The facts and the need

E With a 66% share of installed power generation capacity (255 GW,
plus about 40GW captive power plants), the coal industry has a

D major role to play in the nation's development. India is blessed with

enormous coal reserves (one fifth of the world reserves). The coal

I
consumption in 2013-14 was 643 MT against the indigenous
production of 462 MT (mostly from Coal India Limited). The coal
Udaya Bhaskar Kodukula
washing capacity from all the 52 washing plants is 131Mtpa,

T indicating that around 30% of the coal is being washed before it is used for power
generation. In contrast, the US has 660 MT washing capacity for a total coal production
of 1.1 BT (60% of the coal mined). The environmental, logistic and power plant

O operational benefits of the washed coal are pretty straight forward.

Until recently, there was an ambiguity about who should bear the coal cleaning

R expenses. Now the MOEF enforcements coupled with the integration of the coal and
power sectors in one ministry, the paradigm of who will bear the washing expense

I
would boil down to overall benefit rather than piecewise thinking process.
In the last ten years, Coal India Limited has increased the production capacity from 303
MT to 472 MT, an increase by more than 55% of its capacity. While this is a commendable
A increase, Indian coal demand also increased at a higher rate which resulted in increased
imports from 21.7 MT to 170 MT during the same time period.

L To cater the rising needs of the day, reforms in the Indian coal sector (captive or
commercial coal mining by private players) are imminent: There is a great need for both
domestic and international expertise, cutting-edge technologies, and the best practices
in coal mining and preparation (wash plants, material handling, logistics, environment
etc.)

N CPSI sincerely appreciates the government's efforts: Attracting state equity holders to
help accelerate land acquisition issues, inviting both Indian and foreign investors, global

O auctioning coal blocks and brining electricity connections to the underprivileged

villages at an affordable cost.

T
As a loyal society for coal preparation development in India, CPSI is hosting an
international conference on coal preparation during the 16th and 17th of April 2015.
CPSI invites technologists, academicians, researchers, industrial partners, and investors

E from India and around the globe to the “Coal washing in India – Emerging Opportunity:
Priorities and Opportunities.”

Udaya Bhaskar Kodukula

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 2

 CPSI Journal

Coal Preparation Society of India

(Registered under Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860)
K.B. Trehan
Vice President

From the Vice President

Dear Friends,

We are extremely lucky to have Hon'ble Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi as our leader, who is
very keen and has a great appetite for industrial development; and we are sure that Coal and Power
industries would now grow faster. Bringing three ministries (Power, Coal & Renewable Energy)
under one umbrella is an excellent idea, thereby ensuring complete cohesiveness, working in
tandem and faster delivery..

The 10 point road map provided by the Hon'ble Prime Minister would certainly place increased
focus on Infrastructure, improve Coal production and steer the economy towards betterment.
Amongst other points, the 10 point agenda includes reforms in the Infrastructure & Investment
areas, Energy as one of the priority areas, sorting out inter- ministerial issues, addressing concerns
related to economy, executing policies in a time bound manner etc. Reforms initiated by the
Government are bound to trigger more and more investment in infrastructure that would make the
country an attractive investment destination and push the growth of India on a very high pedestal
in the coming years.

Our Hon'ble Coal Minister has repeatedly emphasized and put stress on improving the quality of
coal supplies through coal washing. In this direction, CPSI has been taking several initiatives and
putting all its available resources for promoting building up of country's washing capacities.

In the present scenario of coal shortage fast growth in domestic coal production is a must, I seek
support and assistance from all concerned to achieve our objectives and make the coal - energy chain
economically viable and environment friendly to fulfill country's needs.

We at CPSI look forward to more and more Companies joining in our efforts.

K.B. Trehan

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 3

 CPSI Journal

Coal Preparation Society of India

(Registered under Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860)
H.L. Sapru
Secretary General

From the Secretary General

Coal Industry as a whole is going through a turbulent period after recent judgment of the
highest court of the country. All stakeholders are pinning hope on the government for early
resolution of the issues arising from the cancellation of all 218 coal (barring 4 – of NTPC,
SAIL and UMPPs) by the Supreme Court. Industry is looking forward to a workable
mechanism to ensure, at least the operating captive coal mines and those which are
production-ready, so that there is no disruption in supply of coal to the end-use plants.
Only solace one can draw is the positive side on which the present government has been
working in all sectors of economy. Therefore, let us hope for a better future of our coal
industry.

On the coal washing front also the government is showing very positive signs. Recently,
the Prime Minister's Office is reported to have asked the Ministry of Coal to closely
monitor the progress of setting up of coal washeries. PMO is also seriously watching at the
delays that are happening in tendering process of coal washeries.

In line with the current thinking in the government, CPSI is organizing a Conference on
the topical theme “Coal Washing in India – Emerging Business Opportunity: Priority &
Challenges”.

Let us hope that the New Year 2015 ushers in a bright future for India's coal industry
making our country economically string and less dependent on coal imports.

H L Sapru

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 4


The First FGX Unit in the European Union
Abstract
The article describes the dry coal cleaning tests on the air
concentrating table of the FGX-1 type. The researches were
conducted on the Polish hard coal. There were analyzed the
possibilities of obtaining clean refuses, very clean
concentrates and products of high calorific value, as well as
the possibilities of removing pyritic sulphur and deshaling of
coking coal. The exemplary results of the tests have been
summarized. The usefulness of the deshaling technology in
the Polish coal mines have been proved.
Key words : dry process, coal cleaning, separating
effect, deshaling
1. Introduction
The technologies of the dry coal separation have been
applied in Poland from the twenties of the last
century. In the several processing plants the air jigs
(pneumatic separation plants) and the air
concentrating tables were operating. These units
were characterized by small accuracy of the
separation of the coal fractions from the grains of
barren rock. The concentrates contaminated with
rock were obtained. There were also big losses of the
carbonaceous substance in the refuse. Due to that the
unit stopped to be used. The dry deshaling was
replaced by the wet cleaning methods - enrichment in
the jigs.
The processes of wet coal cleaning are very expensive
and for many years after the World War II the grain
fractions smaller than 20 (30) mm were not enriched.
They were transferred directly to the power plant in
the raw state, in which the ash content exceeded 25-
35%. The units (boilers) in the power plants were
adjusted to this ash content. The environmental
protection requirements, however, forced (already in
the eighties) in many Polish hard coal mines the
necessity of construction of complicated wet
* Institute of Mechanised Construction & Rock Mining, (IMBiGS),
Centre of Waste and Environment Management Branch in Katowice
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
— Dr. Ireneusz BAIC*, BLASCHKE Wiesław*,
SZAFARCZYK Józef*
enrichment systems. The concentrates obtained in this
processes, due to the significant processing costs, are
however very expensive. In the recent years it has
resulted in losing the competitiveness in comparison
with the imported coals.
For the last several years in Poland the solutions of
technological nature aimed at reducing costs of
production of commercial assortments of hard coal
have been looking for. One of the methods of cost
reduction may be replacing wet cleaning processes
with the process of dry deshaling the coal output.
The reported news, as well as the publications
presented at the International Coal Preparation
Congress (ICPC) by the Chinese scientists [1,2,3] and
practitioners drew attention of the Polish engineers to
the new constructions of air concentrating tables of the
FGX type.
The Institute of Mechanised Construction & Rock
Mining (IMBiGS) - Centre of Waste and Environment
Management - Branch in Katowice after in-depth
analyzes of quality of the Polish coal and quality
requirements of power generators, made the decision
of bringing from China an air concentrating table of the
FGX-1 type.
Before the purchase of the FGX-1 a 2-tons sample of
coal from one of the Polish company was sent to the
Tangshan Schenzou Machinery Ltd. Company. The
obtained positive results of deshaling process
conducted on this coal resulted in decision of buying
the FGX-1 unit. Purchasing and bringing to Poland the
air concentrating table was entrusted to the WARKOP
Sp. z o. o. company. In 2012 the unit was delivered to
Poland. It was installed in the territory of one of the
coal mines belonging to the TAURON Wydobycie SA
Company.
u November - 2014 r 5
 CPSI Journal

The purchased FGX-1 unit is the first of this type
installation in Poland, as well as in the European
Union.
2. Application of the FGX unit
The Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. produces
series of ten models of the air concentrating tables of
the FGX type. Out of these models the IMBiGS chose
the FGX-1 model with the lowest capacity (up to 10
Mg/h). The choice of this model was determined by
the assumption that it will be a unit designed for the
research purposes. The capacity of the FGX-1 allows to
use it to the quarter- and semi-industrial tests.
The air concentrating table of the FGX-1 type was
complemented with the Polish auxiliary units. The
power supply module, scales, systems for raw coal
transport and for discharging the obtained separation
products were constructed. A screen extracting the
grains exceeding, determined at a given stage of tests,
size (+50, +25, +6) was installed. A crushing machine
grinding the feed of raw coal to the required grain class
was also built-up.
The block diagram and view of the research
installation are shown in the picture 1, 2 and 3.
The unit equipped with the air concentrating table of
the FGX-1 type enables to conduct the comprehensive

LABORATORY

CONTROL UNIT
UNIT
crushing machine
calorimeter
termogravimeter
raw coal (steam
coal, coking
coal), material
from the
landfill + 50 m m
SUPPLY CLASSIFICATION SHREDDING FGX - 1
UNIT UNIT UNIT SCOPE OF
TESTS
Qrt

< 50 m m Ar
r
Wt
combustible parts

<6m m

Picture 1 : The block diagram of the test stand for preliminary dry hard coal deshaling.

Picture 2 : The research installation for preliminary Picture 3 : Air concentrating tables of the FGX type.
dry coal cleaning.

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 CPSI Journal

studies on coal from the different coal mines in order to
determine its susceptibility to the dry cleaning
process.
3. The ways of conducting tests
As known form the Chinese experience, in case of the
air concentrating table of the FGX type, the most
effective is separation of the grains of the limit size 80-6
mm. The grain class 80-0 mm may also be a subject to
enrichment process under the assumption that the
share of the grain class 6-0 mm in total feed directed to
the process does not exceed 10 (15) %.
On the test unit, equipped with the air concentrating
table of the FGX-1 type, that belongs to the IMBiGS the
operating parameters are set separately for each type
of tested coal. For this purpose, from the point of view
of a given research objective, the optimal values of the
following parameters are determined experimentally:
l angles of inclination of the separation deck,
l amount of air supplied to the separation zones,
l frequency of vibration of the separation deck,
l height of the baffle plate in the discharge zone of
the rock, middling's and coal.
The researches on coal deshaling that lasted almost a
year (we do not conduct the tests during the winter
period, as well as during the days of heavy rain)
enabled to gain a rich experience in conducting
separation processes and to develop a research
methodology for obtaining optimal separation for the
particular fractions of raw coal output from the Polish
coal mines.
So far, the studies were conducted on samples from the
several coal mines. Some of the results are presented
below.
4. The tests aiming at obtaining clean refuse
According to information received from the
manufacturer the air concentrating tables of FGX type
enables to the separate from the coal output the clean
refuse products that can be substitutes for the natural
aggregates used in engineering and construction
works. As a part of the works conducted by the
IMBiGS the possibilities of obtaining such products
were analyzed. The exemplary results of the tests are
summarized in the table 1. The criterion of the process
effectiveness was the ash content in the refuse
products at a level exceeding 80%. During the series of
tests the quality parameters of the other separation
products were a secondary (resulting) problem.
5. Tests aiming at obtaining the possible cleanest
coal products
The experience gained by the IMBiGS has shown that
there is a possibility of producing clean coal
concentrates that can be treated like an ecological fuel.
The results of this type of research are summarized in
the table 2. As a result of the air separation process the
very clean concentrates with low ash content (ap.
20%), as well as middling's that contained big amount
of coal grains were obtained. These products,

Table 1 : Tests results for the raw steam coal of granulation of 25-8 mm.

Raw steam coal 25-8 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 39,5 28,0 65,8 86,1

2. Total moisture content [%] 8,7 6,9 3,8 2,3

3. Sulphur content [%] 0,55 0,60 0,33 0,39

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 16727 20914 5494 948

5. Yield [%] 100 81,4 1,6 14,0

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 CPSI Journal

Table 2 : Tests results for the raw steam coal of granulation of 20-0 mm.

Raw Steam Coal 20 - 0 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 31,7 21,2 29,5 80,5

2. Total moisture content [%] 9,6 9,0 8,4 5,3

3. Sulphur content [%] 0,56 0,62 0,68 0,44

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 17 151 21 558 18 885 1 860

5. Yield [%] 100 77 3 18

depending on the ash content, can become a tradable
product that is sold to the power industry, they can be
enriched on the simultaneously operating air
concentrating table or they can also be directed to the
wet enrichment processes. In Poland very clean
concentrates are sought in order to heat the houses that
are equipped with the appropriate boilers.
6. Tests aiming at obtaining products of high
calorific value.
A part of raw hard coal in the grain class 20-0 mm
extracted in Poland has relatively low calorific value. It
varies in the range of 16-19 MJ/kg. Currently, the
Polish power sector is searching for coal with a
calorific value of 22 MJ/kg. The tests conducted by the
IMBiGS on the FGX unit have shown that the removal
of even small amount of rock allows to increase the
calorific value to the level required by the power
plants and thermal power plants. The exemplary
results of tests on increasing the calorific value of the
raw coal in the grain class of 20-0 mm are shown in
the table 3.
7. Analyzing the possibilities of removing sulphur
from the coal output.
Hard coal deposits located in the eastern part of the
Upper Silesian Coal Basin are characterized by high
sulphur content. In Poland high sulphur content is
considered to be the level exceeding 1,2%. There are
also coal deposits in Poland that sulphur content
exceeds 4%. There is even one coal seam in which the
sulphur content is higher than 12%. Obviously such
seams are not extracted. Sulphur in this kind of coal
seam is mainly in the form of pyrite. Pyrite of a density
higher than density of coal is possible to remove by
using gravity methods. The IMBiGS conducted the
research on possibility of removal pyrite by using the
owned unit equipped with the air concentrating table

Table 3 : Tests results for the raw steam coal of granulation of 20-0 mm.

Raw steam coal 20 - 0 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 31,8 21,8 40,6 85,7

2. Total moisture content [%] 10,3 5,0 4,4 2,2

3. Sulphur content [%] 0,69 0,62 0,61 1,28

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 19 244 24 383 14 459 1 307

5. Yield [%] 100 71 15 12

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 CPSI Journal

Table 4 : Tests results for the raw steam coal of granulation of 25-6 mm

Raw steam coal 25-6 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 10,2 5,5 10,5 23,5

2. Total moisture content [%] 17,9 18,2 17,8 14,2

3. Sulphur content [%] 1,90 0,86 1,70 5,88

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 21 255 23 074 22 424 18 038

5. Yield [%] 100 20,6 67,7 9,7

of the FGX-1 type. For this purpose, the operation
parameters were selected in a way enabling to remove
pyrite in a maximum extent. The quality parameters of
the other products of the separation process were a
secondary (resulting) problem. The results of tests on
reducing sulphur content in raw coal from one of the
Polish coal mine in which extracted coal has a
sulphur content above 1,8% are summarized in the
table 4.
8. Tests of deshaling coking coal
The coking coal users require that the ash content of
trading product should not exceed 7-7,5 %. It is
connected with the necessity of obtaining coke of high
quality. It is worth-mentioning here that Poland is
currently the biggest exporter of coke. Therefore, it has
to fulfil the highest quality standards.
It is obvious that by using dry coal separation method
it is impossible to obtain the concentrates of an ash
content lower than 7,5% without very big coal losses in
the middling's. Therefore, this method will not replace
the wet methods of coking coal enrichment in the
heavy medium, jigs and flotation machines. These
processes are, however, very expensive. In order to
reduce the total costs of coking coal production the
IMBiGS conducted the tests aiming at examining the
possibilities of removing a part of refuse grains from
coking coal. Their removal will enable to reduce the
load of jigs and flotation machines and at the same
time it will increase the efficiency of these processes.
The tests results of coking coal deshaling are
summarized in the table 5. The obtained results have
shown the possibilities of applying the air separation
process as a bypass element in the system of a wet
enrichment.

Table 5 : Tests results for the raw coking coal of granulation of 50-25 mm

Raw coking coal 50-25 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 38,4 19,9 33,3 65,0

2. Total moisture content [%] 4,0 1,7 2,6 2,0

3. Sulphur content [%] 0,53 0,62 0,62 0,38

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 18 980 26 076 21 336 9 251

5. Yield [%] 100 49,2 13,2 37,1

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 CPSI Journal

Table : 6 Tests results for the raw coking coal of granulation of 25-6 mm

Raw coking coal 25-6 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 28,15 19,8 56,6 82,2

2. Total moisture content [%] 5,8 4,8 2,2 1,6

3. Sulphur content [%] 0,64 0,63 0,50 0,87

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 22 672 25 847 12 052 3 004

5. Yield [%] 100 83,0 8,4 8,4

Table : 7 Tests results for the raw coking coal of granulation of 25-0 mm

Raw coking coal 25-0 mm

No. Name of parameter Feed Coal Middling Rock

1. Ash content [%] 18,4 12,2 27,0 75,6

2. Total moisture content [%] 7,8 7,0 3,3 2,2

3. Sulphur content [%] 0,68 0,66 0,63 0,57

4. Calorific value [kJ/kg] 25 711 27 991 23 668 4 921

5. Yield [%] 100 77,0 16,8 5,8

9. Summary technology a study tour to China was organized in

The researches analyzing application of the air
concentrating table for the processing of hard coal in
Poland, that have been lasting for almost a year and a
half, have shown the possibilities and benefits of using
this technology. The obtained tests results were
published by the employees of the IMBiGS in the
Polish scientific journals and they were also presented
at the conferences in Slovakia and Czech Republic
[4÷13].
The method of dry deshaling applying the air
concentrating tables aroused great interest of the coal
industry in Poland. As a result of the tests on coals
from the concerned coal mines the possibilities of
purchasing the commercial air concentrating tables of
the FGX type are currently taken under consideration.
As a consequence of this great interest in the Chinese
April 2014. The representatives of eight Polish coal
companies took part in it. The visit to the Tangsan
Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. Company, as well as to
several coal mines using FGX unit has expanded
knowledge of the Polish engineers on the air dry
cleaning of coal output. At this point we would like to
express our sincere gratitude to the Tangsan Shenzou
Machinery Co. Ltd. Company and the coal mines
using FGX unit for giving us an opportunity of going
on this study tour. As a result of this visit i.e. more
orders from the Polish coal industry is directed to the
IMBiGS. The tests that are currently conducted by the
IMBiGS on the different assortments of coal are
intended to confirm the desirability of purchasing the
commercial versions of the air concentrating tables of
the FGX type.

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 10

 CPSI Journal

References:
1. 1. SCHCN L., 2002 - The compound dry cleaning machine and its application. Proceedings of XIV
International Coal Preparation Congress and Exhibition. Johannesburg-Sandton. RPA, p. 419-423.
2. LI GONGAMIN, 2006 Coal compound dry cleaning technique-study and practice. Proceedings of XV
International Coal Preparation Congress. Pekin. Chiny, Vol II, p. 439-447.
3. Li Gongmen, Yang Yunsong, 2006 - Development and application of FGX series compound dry coal cleaning
system. China Coal – Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.
4. Baic I., Blaschke W., Góralczyk S., Sobko W., Szafarczyk J, 2013 - Odkamienianie urobku węglowego metodą
suchej separacji. Monografia „Innowacyjne i przyjazne dla środowiska techniki i technologie przeróbki
surowców mineralnych” Wyd. ITG KOMAG, Gliwice, s. 99-108.
5. Baic I.,. 2013 - Wykorzystanie powietrznych stołów koncentracyjnych do otrzymywania substytutów
kruszyw oraz produktów węglowych; Materiały konferencyjne – Szkoła Górnictwa Odkrywkowego,
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. S. Staszica w Krakowie, Kraków.
6. Blaschke W., 2013 - Nowa generacja powietrznych stołów koncentracyjnych. Zeszyty Naukowe IGSMiE
PAN, Kraków, s. 67-74.
7. Baic I., Blaschke W., 2013 - Analiza możliwości wykorzystania powietrznych stołów koncentracyjnych do
otrzymywania węglowych paliw kwalifikowanych i substytutów kruszyw. Polityka Energetyczna, Tom 16
Zeszyt 3, s. 247-260.
8. Blaschke W., Baic I., 2013 - Wykorzystanie powietrznych stołów koncentracyjnych do otrzymywania
substytutów kruszyw metodą deshalingu. Kruszywa Nr 3/2013s. 48-50.
9. Blaschke W., Baic I., 2013 - Otrzymywanie substytutów kruszyw z wykorzystaniem metody deshalingu.
Proceeding International Conferences – The New Mineral Policy and Progressive Technologies in Mining,
Geology and Environment. Demanowska Dolina, Słowacja, s. 121-125.
10. Blaschke W., Baic I., Szafarczyk J., 2014 - Ograniczenie kosztów produkcji węgla kamiennego poprzez
wdrożenie technologii suchej separacji; Materiały konferencyjne XXIII Szkoły Eksploatacji Podziemnej,
SESJA – Nowe techniki i technologie w eksploatacji podziemnej złóż, Kraków.
11. Baic I., Blaschke W., Sobko W., Szafarczyk J., Okarmus P., 2014 - Badania możliwości usuwania kamienia z
urobku węgla koksowego na powietrznych stołach koncentracyjnych; Monografia – Innowacyjne i
Przyjazne dla Środowiska Techniki i Technologie Przeróbki Surowców Mineralnych – Bezpieczeństwo -
Jakość – Efektywność – ITG KOMAG, Gliwice, s. 65-79
12. Blaschke W., Okarmus P., Ziomber S., 2014 - Skuteczność suchego odkamieniania węgla koksowego metodą
separacji na powietrznych stołach koncentracyjnych. Monografia – Innowacyjne i Przyjazne dla Środowiska
Techniki i Technologie Przeróbki Surowców Mineralnych – Bezpieczeństwo - Jakość – Efektywność – ITG
KOMAG, Gliwice, s. 81-91
13. Baic I., Blaschke W., Sobko W., 2014 - Ekologiczne oczyszczanie urobku węgla kamiennego za pomocą
powietrznych stołów koncentracyjnych. Na mokro czy na sucho? Kwartalnik Ekologia Nr1/69/2014, Wyd.
Polska Izba Ekologii, ISSN 15704994, s.32-34
14. Ghost T., Patil D., Parek B.K., Honaker R.Q., 2013: Uprading low Rank Coal Using A Dry, Density – Based
Separator Technology. Proceedings of the 17th International Coal Preparation Congress. Istambuł, p. 295 - 308
15. Yang Yunsong, 2006 – Application practice of FGX -24 compound dry coal cleaning machine. China Coal –
Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 11

 CPSI Journal

16. Yang Wensheng, Zhang Shaopeng, 2006 – Combined coal cleaning process of compound dry cleaning – water
medium cyclone. China Coal – Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.
17. You Zhiwen, An Wenhua, 2006 – Thinking about using Romjig – dry cleaning combined process for
separating the injection coal for blast furnace. China Coal – Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou
Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.
18. Zou Shanhong, Liu Ping, Qian Hao, Wu Bin, Wang Peisi, 2006 – Design of compound dry coal cleaning system in
Xinyi Mine. China Coal – Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.
19. Xu Bo, 2006 – Application of compound dry coal cleaning technology in Jixi Mining Group Co. Ltd. China
Coal – Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.
20. Chen Li, 2006 – New process for improving fuel coal quality of the power plants. China Coal – Technology
monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006.
21. Chang Shijiu, 2006 – Practices of compound cleaning machine separating coal refuse. China Coal –
Technology monograph of the Tangsan Shenzou Machinery Co. Ltd. No 1.2006

IMC says CIL should set up washeries near reject based power plants
Inter Ministerial Committee (IMC) set up by Ministry of Coal for formulation of policy for allocation of
washery rejects has recommended that Coal India Ltd, should set up washery reject based power plants near
the coal washery site, doing away with the need to transport these rejects over long distances. Presently, CIL
generates about 1.30 million tonnes of washery rejects. With more and more coal washeries coming up,
volumes of rejects would also increase.

Prime Minister's Office seeks time-bound schedule for

commissioning of coal washeries
The Prime Minister's Office has asked the Coal
Ministry for time-bound schedule for developing coal
washeries, including timelines for both tendering and
commissioning.
The government had earlier said that comprehensive
measures for enhancing domestic coal output were
being put in place along with stringent mechanism for
quality control and environmental protection, which
includes supply of crushed coal and setting up of
washeries.
"The PMO recently conveyed it to the Coal Ministry
that the ministry may send its time bound programme
for development of coal washeries (including timelines
for tendering and commissioning)," said an official.
PMO has also asked the timeframe for
operationalisation of rationalised coal linkages, the
source said.
State-owned Coal India Ltd has awarded contracts for
construction of two washeries as part of efforts to
augment its capacity to crush coal and ensure better
quality of the dry fuel.
The company had earlier said: "CIL has initiated
action through global tenders to establish 16 coal
washeries with an aggregate capacity of 100.6 MT...
Construction job of three washeries are in progress and
the same for two washeries have been awarded. Jobs of
other washeries are in different stages of evaluation."
Of the 16 coal washeries, six are coking coal with a
capacity of 18.6 million tonnes per year and 10 non-
coking coal washeries with a capacity of 82 million
tonnes per year, it said.
CIL operates 17 coal washeries with a total capacity of
39.4 million tonnes per year. Out of these, 13 are coking
coal washeries with a total capacity of 24.90 million
tonnes, while four are non-coking coal washeries with a
total capacity of 14.50 million tonnes, it added.
The Standing Committee on Coal and Steel had
earlier pulled up Coal India for delays in setting up of
washeries and had desired that the coal PSU prepare
an action plan to expedite the work of commissioning
of washeries.
Sourse - Press Trust of India

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 12


Organic Efficiency, Tromp Curve and its Interpretation
of Coal Washing Units
Background of the development
The yield and quality of the clean-coal product
from an industrial coal preparation plant and the
theoretical yield and quality determined from
washability curves are known to be different. In
the ideal cleaning process, all coal particles lower
in density than the density of separation would be
recovered in the clean product, while all material
of greater density would be rejected as refuse.
Under these conditions the product yield and
quality from the actual concentration process and
the yield and quality expected from the
washability curves would be identical.
The performance of separators is, however, never
ideal. As a result, some coal particles of lower
than the separation density report to rejects, and
some high-ash particles of higher than the
separation density report to clean coal. These are
referred to as misplaced material.
Coal particles of density well below the density of
separation and mineral particles of density well
above the density of separation report to their
proper products: clean coal and refuse. But as the
density of separation is approached, the
proportion of the misplaced material reporting to
an improper product increases rapidly. Tromp, in
a study of jig washing, observed that the
displacement of migrating particles was a normal
or near-normal frequency (Gaussian curve), and
from this observation the partition curve
(distribution, Tromp curve) in the form of an
ogive was evolved.
* Scientist, CSIR-CIMFR, Dhanbad, India
Volume - 6
CPSI Journal
— K.M.P. Singh*, U.S. Chattopadhyay*,
T. Gouri Charan*
The two main measures of plant efficiency are the
organic efficiency and the Ecart Probable Moyen
(EPM) that is derived from the partition curve.
Organic efficiency measures the overall
performance of the washing process whilst the
EPM reflects the performance of the separating
unit only.
Organic Efficiency
The organic efficiency is a measure of the actual
yield obtained from a washing process compared
to the theoretical yield obtainable from the specific
coal at the same ash content. It is defined as follows:
organic efficiency
Actual yield % of clean coal
= × 100 ... (1)
Theoretical yield % of product of the same ash content
The theoretical yield is obtained from the
washability of the feed coal. Organic efficiency is
a function of the separating unit efficiency as well
as the washing characteristics of the coal. One
would expect that the organic efficiency would be
reduced when coals of high near-dense content
are processed. A more efficient process, such as
dense-medium, will always result in a higher
organic efficiency than a less efficient process, like
a jig for example, when both are processing the
same coal. Organic efficiency is the measurement
used as the basis for comparing the economy of
differing processing options.
Organic efficiency cannot be used to compare the
efficiencies of different plants as it is a dependent
u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 13
 CPSI Journal

criterion and is much influenced by the washability
of coal. It is possible to obtain a high organic
efficiency even when the separating efficiency as
measured by partition data is quite poor.
The Construction of the Tromp Curve
In order to determine the metallurgical
performance of a coal washer, samples of the
feed, product and tailings are taken and applied
to a sink-float analysis. Discrete Tromp partition
factors are then calculated in the conventional
way [1-6]
The Tromp curve is constructed by taking the
representative samples of clean coal and rejects
separately from the convenient point after the
washing system operated under steady state. The
individual samples of clean coal and refuse are
subjected to complete float and sink analysis. The
samples of clean coal and refuse are divided into a
number of specific gravity fractions and two
products (clean coal and refuse) are expressed on
percent basis which obviously add up to 100. The
percent weights of the fractions totaling 100 (in case
of both clean coal and refuse) are then expressed as
percent weight of the feed coal by multiplying the
individual weights by the actual yield percentages
of clean coal and refuse and dividing the resultant
figures by 100. The actual yield percentages of
clean coal and refuse can be calculated from an ash
balance worked out from the ash contents of the
feed, clean coal and the refuse i.e.,
Yield of clean coal
Ash% in refuse - Ash% in feed
= × 100 ... (2)
Ash% in refuse - Ash% in clean coal
Reconstituted feed is then calculated by adding
values of percent weights of feed coal for clean
coal and refuse at each specific gravity range.
Mean relative density/ Nominal specific gravity
is determined by averaging lowest and highest
specific gravity at each gravity range.
The partition co-efficient is calculated as fraction
of percent weights of feed coal for clean coal to the
reconstituted feed at each nominal specific
gravity and multiplied the resultant figures with
100. The partition co efficient can also be
calculated as fraction of percent weights of feed
coal for refuse to the reconstituted feed at each
nominal specific gravity and multiplied the
resultant figures with 100. Then the tromp curve
can be constructed by plotting the partition
coefficient against the nominal specific gravity.
Table 1 shows the calculated values for drawing
Tromp Curve for 60% yield of clean coal and 40%
yield of refuse.

Table 1 : Washability Results of a Two-Product Separation (a case study)

Relative % Weight % Feed Re-Calculated Mean Partition Co-efficient
density Clean Coal Rejects Clean Coal Rejects Feed r.d. Rejects Cleans
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
<1.35 50.0 0.0 30.0 0.0 30.0 0.0 100.0
1.35-1.40 20.0 0.0 12.0 0.0 12.0 1.375 0.0 100.0
1.40-1.45 15.0 2.0 9.0 0.8 9.8 1.425 8.2 91.8
1.45-1.50 10.0 5.0 6.0 2.0 8.0 1.475 25.0 75.0
1.50-1.55 4.0 18.0 2.4 7.2 9.6 1.525 75.0 25.0
1.55-1.58 0.5 10.0 0.3 4.0 4.3 1.565 93.0 7.0
1.58-1.70 0.5 30.0 0.3 12.0 12.3 1.640 97.6 2.4
1.70-1.80 0.0 25.0 0.0 10.0 10.0 1.750 100.0 0.0
>1.80 0.0 10.0 0.0 4.0 4.0 100.0 0.0
100.0 100.0 60.0 40.0 100.0

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Column 1 - Relative density fractions
Column 2-Weight percentage of the clean-coal
fractions this is a series of direct calculations of
percentage, the weight of each fraction being
referred to the summation of the weights of all the
clean-coal fractions, e.g. wt percentage of the 1.50-
1.55 r.d. fraction of the clean coal = 4.0%.
Column 3 - Weight percentage of the reject fractions
similar to column 2, this is a series of direct
calculations of percentage with reference to the
summation of the weights of all the reject
fractions, e.g. wt. percentage of the 1.50-1.55 r.d.
fraction of reject = 18.0%.
Column 4 - Percentage of feed reporting to clean-coal
direct calculations of the percentage of each
density fraction of clean coal referred to a basis of
the original feed and calculated as:
% of feed reporting to Clean =
Column 2 x % yield of clean coal
100
Column 5 - Percent of feed reporting to reject
Similarly, direct calculations of the percentage of
each density fraction of reject referred to a basis of
the original feed and calculated as:
% of feed reporting to Clean =
Column 3 x % yield of reject
100
Column 6 - Reconstituted percentage weights of the
r.d. fractions in the original feed e.g. percentage
weight of the 1.50-1.55 r.d. fraction in the raw
feed: 9.60
Reconstituted percentage weights (Calculated feed) =
Column 4 + column 5
Column 7 - Mean relative density of the fractions this
is the average relative density of each of the
intermediate fractions, e.g. 1.50-1.55 r.d., mean
1.525.
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
Column 8 & 9 - Partition coefficients (partition or
distribution factors) Percentage of each r.d. fraction
reporting to reject/Cleans, e.g.
Partition coefficient for Cleans = Column 4 × 100
Column 6
Similarly,
Partition coefficient for Rejects = Column 5 × 100
Column 6
The tromp curve may be constructed by plotting
mean relative .density (column 7) as abscissa
against ordinate of partition coefficient (column
8) or (column 9).
The following important parameters are derived
from the tromp curve:
Partition density : This is the relative density
corresponding to a partition number of 50 on the
Tromp curve. It is also referred to as the ''cut point
density'' and is usually denoted as d50.
Ecart Probable Moyen : The Ecart Probable
Moyen (EPM) or probable mean error is defined
as follows:
EPM = (d75 ~ d25)/2
Where, d75 is the relative density corresponding to
a partition coefficient of 75 and d25 is the relative
density corresponding to a partition coefficient of
25.
Imperfection
The partition curve is independent of the
washability characteristics of the feed coal but is
dependent upon :
l The particle size distribution of the coal
processed;
l The relative density of separation.
It follows that the shape of the partition curve will
vary for different particle sizes and partition
u November - 2014 r 15
 CPSI Journal

densities, and, as a result, the EPM will be a 100

function of both the mean particle size of coal 90

processed and the cut point density. The EPM can
be made independent of density by introducing 80

the term ''Imperfection,'' which is defined as 70

follows:

Distribution Ratio.
60
Imperfection (I) = EPM/(d50 - 1) ...for wet process
50
Imperfection (I) = EPM/d50
40
The more efficient a process, the sharper the
separation will be and the steeper the slope of the 30

partition curve. A perfect separation will result in

20
a vertical partition curve and an Ep equal to 0.00.
From the washability data of the cleans and 10

rejects shown in Table - 1, the partition points 0

required for drawing the Tromp curve are -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

calculated and the graphical representation is Specific Gravity

shown in Figure-1.
Figure-2 : Error Curve in Gravity Separation
100
The area marked in fig: 1 & 2 as a b c and c d e are
90 the error area, b and d of the fig 2 represent the
same point value i.e. 0.0.
80

As for the construction of a Tromp curve is

70
concerned, no ash content is required to be
determined on individual density fractions.
Partition coefficient

60

The characteristic feature of the Tromp curve is

50
that it is, to a large degree, independent of the
40 density composition of the feed coal and remains
practically unaltered so long the same washing
30
unit is used to treat coals of equivalent size-
20 grading under more or less similar conditions of
operation and rate of feeding. This unique feature
10
makes the curve suited for use in comparing the
0
cleaning results obtained on dissimilar coals and
1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 in the prediction of practical results of cleaning
Specific gravity
for any particular coal in a separator of known
Figure-1 : Tromp Curve design and accuracy.
The tromp curve of a specific processing unit is
The Ecart Probability Moyen (Ep) was found to be
characteristic of the unit in question but, it is also
0.025 and Specific gravity of separation was 1.50

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 16


influenced by the particle size of the coal
processed and the density at which the coal is
processed. Several other factors also influence the
tromp curve and these include:
l The feed rate of coal into the unit;
l The specific operating conditions employed.
Error area suffers from the disadvantage that
high-density separations often include low-
partition coefficients even at high densities, and a
very extensive range of float-sink liquids is
required to get a complete curve.
Interpretation of the Tromp Curve
According to the definition, generally accepted,
the Tromp curve indicates the percentage of each
density fraction of the feed coal that is recovered
in one of the products of separation for example,
the sinks. The shape and gradient of the Tromp
curve is a measure of the sharpness of separation
in any washing system. The steeper the slope of
the Tromp curve, the more precise or sharper is
the mode of separation. For an ideal separation,
the misplaced materials in either of the resulting
products (cleans or sinks) being zero, the curve is
represented by a straight vertical line. On the
other hand, a Tromp curve tending to be
horizontal throughout its length signifies an
extreme case in which practically no separation
can be achieved. However, most of the Tromp
curves remain in between these two extremes.
The shape of the tails or the loops at the
extremities of the Tromp curve are also of much
significance in so far as they indicate the amount
of high-ash refuse materials and low-ash coal
fractions misplaced in the clean coal and sink
products respectively. The shorter the length of
the tails, the better is the efficiency of separation.
These tails have sometimes peculiar and irregular
shapes and are often referred to as anomalies of
the Tromp curve. Recent studies have shown that
Volume - 6
CPSI Journal
the so-called anomalies are also quite significant,
as they often help in detecting or interpreting
irregularities of any washing operation.
Precautions
The efficiency evaluation for any washing unit a
higher degree of accuracy is always desired; to
achieve this some important precaution must be
taken in to consideration as below.
(a) Sample collection:
1. The plant must be operating under stable
condition.
2. The collection of sample should be taken over
the full period of plant operation.
3. The increment weight and frequency should
be as per stander and the quantities of the
samples taken up for tests are at least double
of those indicated for normal washability
tests on raw coals, to ensure that the sample
for test is large enough to provide in each
specific gravity fraction a reasonable number
of particles of the size-fraction submitted to
test.
4. To achieve the requirement of minimum
breakage, large dreg should be avoided while
collecting the samples. As far as possible
mechanical samplers (automatic or semi-
automatic) should employed, preference
being given to those systems of automatic
samplers, where the entire coal stream in
motion is correctly sampled.
5. Collected samples should be Transport with
utmost care from the sampling points in the
washery to laboratory. If so possible, F-S
testing should be done at site.
6. Samples should be stored in a clean & dry
place with proper labeling.
7. The containers should be such that minimum
u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 17
 CPSI Journal

risk is involved for size-degradation of the
samples or loss of fines during handling and
transportation.
(b) Test procedure:
1. The float and sink analysis of the washed
products must be done with out most care,
especially near the specific gravity range,
where the separation is supposed to take
place. Quite often, it is considered to maintain
a density interval of 0.02 over the density
range of ±0.10 near the assumed cut point. The
indirect methods may be used to generate
intermediate data (washability curve/
interpolation).
2. For higher densities of cut (say sp.gr. 1.60 or
above), F-S tests on washed fractions should
normally be extended to above 2.20 sp. gr. to
obtain a full scale partition curve.
3. A n y u n d e r s i z e f r a c t i o n , p r o d u c e d
involuntarily during handling and transport
of the samples should be screened out before
submitted to float and sink test.
4. Any screening of samples for float and sink
tests should be conducted by a skilled
operator, with proper care. Sometimes it is
desirable to perform this screening operation
after float and sink analyses of the samples are
completed.
5. All washed fractions submitted to float & sink
analysis should be air-dried gently before
testing.
Limitations :
The efficiency values derived from the invariably
linear/most favorable part of the curve i.e. d75~d25.
Hence, values derived for the purpose of setting
guarantees of performance for a separator may
often not represent much of a challenge to the
separator when required to treat a relatively
easily cleaned coal. The situation frequently
occurs where, at a low density of separation, the
sharpness of separation (as recorded by a low
e.p.m.) will be good, yet the recovery organic
efficiency will be very poor. The reverse is true at
a high-density of separation.

References
1. K. F. Tromp, "New Methods of Computing the Washability of Coals", Gluckauf, 37, 125-131, 151-
156. Excerpts in Colliery Guardian. t54, 955-959, 1009 (1937).
2. K. F. Tromp, "Modified Methods of Assessing Separation Efficiency". Mine and Quarry 10, 6, 49-50
(1981).
3. A. Terra, "Significance of Anamorphosed Partition Curve and the Ecart Probable Error in Washery
Control", Contribution C-3, Proceedings the 2nd International Coal Preparation Congress, Essen,
West Germany (1954).
4. K. Aso, "On the Theory of Partition Curve and its Applications to Coal Preparation or Mineral
Dressing", Memoirs, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University.Fukuoka, Japan, 17, I (1957).
5. B. S. Gottfried and P. S. Jacobsen, "A generalized distribution curve for characterizing the
performance of coal cleaning equipment", Bur. Mines Rl8238 (1977).
6. A. I. A. Salama and M. W. Mikhail, A Method for Evaluating Density Separation Efficiency, Mine
and Quarry II, 12,28-30 (1982).

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 18


Moving forward with the Huaneng GreenGen IGCC
demonstration*
(Posted by World Coal Association on 4 November, 2014)
China has abundant coal reserves but is short on oil
and gas resources; therefore, its power generation fleet
is expected to rely primarily on coal for the long term.
However, coal-fired power generation can result in
undesirable emissions such as particulate matter, SO2,
NOx, Hg, and large quantities of CO2. As global
environmental concerns mount, especially those
related to climate change, controlling criteria
emissions and greenhouse gas emissions has become
increasingly important. How best to realise the goal of
clean and efficient utilisation of coal for electricity
generation is a challenge facing China as well as the
broader international energy community.
IGCC can be a possibility
Globally, integrated gasification and combined-cycle
(IGCC) power plants are a potential option that would
make possible lower-emissions, higher-efficiency coal
utilisation. However, costs must be decreased and
reliability must improve before IGCC is ready for
commercial application.
Emergence of IGCC
Research and development on IGCC began in the
1960s. Industry demonstrations started in the 1990s
and commercial operation and further developments
are now under way globally. IGCC technologies
developed in the US, Europe, and Japan share the
following features :
1. These countries regard IGCC technology
development as an important part of their national
energy strategies.
2. Core technologies and key equipment are
produced in their own countries or regions.
3. Investment in demonstration projects has come
from both governments and corporations.
*Originally published in Cornerstone, Volume 2, Issue 3
** President, China Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
— Xu Shisen**
4. Through demonstration, project developers are
hoping to commercialise their core technologies
and become more competitive in the future.
To effectively meet the demands of the future IGCC
market, GE (US) and Siemens (Germany)respectively
acquired their nationally developed coal gasification
technologies. Along with the Mitsubishi Group
(Japan), these companies have become global IGCC
suppliers, offering two IGCC core technologies - coal
gasification and syngas turbines.
State of IGCC in China
Currently, Chinese technology providers are able to
design and optimise large IGCC power stations and
provide gasification syngas purification, waste heat
boilers, steam turbines, air separation, and other
systems and equipment for IGCC power stations. This
lays a solid technical foundation for large-scale
commercial construction and operation of IGCC
power stations. In addition, China has recently seen
breakthroughs in domestic gasification research and
development. The two-stage dry pulverised coal
pressurised gasification technology developed by the
Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute is
competitive with internationally developed
technologies in all key indices. Moreover, the design
and manufacture of 1000 t/d and 2000 t/d gasifiers
have been completed, which are being used in Inner
Mongolia's Shilin coal-to-methanol project and the
CHNG GreenGen 250 MW IGCC power plant,
respectively. The 1000 t/d and 2000 t/d multinozzle
impinging stream coal water slurry gasifiers
developed by Yankuang and East China University of
Science and Technology have also been placed into
operation. However, gas turbine technology in China
still lags behind systems developed internationally.
Today the operating conditions for China's systems
are not yet suitable for the commercial application of
u November - 2014 r 19

low-heat-value syngas turbines for IGCC power
stations. One ongoing project, however, is focused on
the research, development, demonstration, and
deployment necessary to advance Chinese IGCC
systems.
The GreenGen plan
In 2004, China Huaneng Group (CHNG) took the lead
in putting forward the GreenGen Plan and joined with
several power generation and coal-producing
enterprises to launch an effort to demonstrate a coal-
based power generation system with increased
efficiency and near-zero emissions. The purpose of this
plan was to research, develop, and demonstrate a new
coal-based system that would include hydrogen
production from coal gasification, power generation
based on combined-cycle hydrogen turbines and fuel
cells, and carbon capture, utilisation, and storage
(CCUS). The plan garnered support from China's
National 863 Program in the 11th and 12th Five-Year
Plans.
The core technology for GreenGen is power generation
based on IGCC - a well-known technology that
includes gasification of coal to produce syngas, which
is purified before being combusted to drive an
electricity-generating gas turbine. The high-
temperature exhaust gas from the gas turbine is
utilised by a pre-boiler to produce steam, which then
drives a steam turbine to produce additional
electricity. Compared with supercritical pulverised
coal combustion power generation, IGCC can be more
efficient, may offer greater potential for improve-
ments, and can be used to realise near-zero emissions,
including increased ease of CO2 capture. Moreover, it
can be combined with coal-derived hydrogen and fuel
cell power generation technologies to form a more
advanced and diversified energy production system.
For these reasons, development of IGCC technologies
is an important direction for the future of coal-based
clean energy power generation in China.
GreenGen is being carried out in three phases. In Phase
I, a 250-MW IGCC power station with proprietary
technologies was constructed. In Phase II (currently
under way), the key technologies involved in
GreenGen will be further researched, developed, and
demonstrated. Examples of key technologies include
hydrogen production from coal gasification, the
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
separation of H2 and CO2 (i.e., pre-combustion CO2
capture), fuel cell power generation, and CCUS. In
Phase III, the plan is to build a 400-MW GreenGen
demonstration project that will include full integration
of key technologies, realising high-efficiency coal
utilisation with near-zero emissions. During all phases
the emphasis is on improving the technical reliability
and economic feasibility of the GreenGen system in
preparation for eventual deployment and widespread
commercial use.
Progress to date
From 2004 to 2008, CHNG completed the system
design, equipment bidding, and all preliminary work
for the 250-MW IGCC demonstration power station,
which was sited in Tianjin. In May 2009, the project
was approved by the National Development and
Reform Commission, which made it clear that the core
technologies should be domestically sourced.
Construction began in July 2009 and was completed by
September 2012. In November 2014 the plant
successfully passed the standard test of 72 hours of
continuous operation with another 24 hours of
operation at full load. The IGCC facility was formally
put into commercial operation in December 2012.
Thus, as of late 2012, China joined the ranks of those
countries that have mastered IGCC power station
design, construction, and operation. This achievement
marked a major breakthrough in China's strategic
effort to advance its clean coal power generation.
The overall system is based on a 2000-t/d two-stage
dry pulverised coal pressurised gasification
technology, a proprietary IGCC process design, and a
power island with an E-class multi-shaft combined-
cycle generating unit. This project realised
independent development, design, manufacture, and
construction. Many technologies had to be mastered to
reach this stage, including the design of a large IGCC
power station, gasification, purification, air
separation, heat recovery boiler, and steam turbine
power generation, all of which are important to further
promoting clean coal power generation in China. As
the technologies used for GreenGen were domestically
sourced, China has also gained an enhanced capacity
for independent innovation from project experience.
Currently, the GreenGen IGCC demonstration power
station has realised steady operation at high capacity
(maximum 92% of design) for 29 consecutive days.
u November - 2014 r 20

Since the successful completion of Phase I of the
GreenGen Plan, CHNG has been actively pursuing
Phase II: researching and developing the key
technologies within GreenGen. Specifically, with the
support awarded under the 863 Program, CHNG is
developing a pilot-scale system that will draw about
7% of the syngas from the GreenGen IGCC power
station, shift CO and H2O to CO2 and H2, and then
separate the CO2 from the H2 after desulphurisation.
The CO2 will be liquefied and used to explore how to
enhance oil recovery with the end fate of the CO2 being
geological storage. The separated H2-rich gas will be
sent to the gas turbine for mixed firing after
compression.
About 60,000-100,000 tonnes per year of CO2 will be
captured and stored under the Phase II (CCUS)
demonstration. Phase II will lay the foundation for
subsequent research on CO2 capture for the entire
IGCC power plant.
This demonstration of pre-combustion CCUS will
boast the largest capacity and the most comprehensive
process evaluation underway in China when it is in
operation. Experiments will be undertaken under
various loads and other operating conditions, paving
the way for the exploration of low-energy
consumption, high-recovery CCUS. With the research,
development, and design of the demonstration plant
for the CO2 capture technology already complete, the
construction under Phase II began in early 2014. Since
the sites for the oil displacement wells and CO2 storage
were determined previously, CO2-EOR and CO2
storage experiments will be conducted as soon as the
CO2 capture plant is ready.
Analysis of IGCC's technical features
The designed power generation output is 265 MW,
generating efficiency is 48%, power-supply efficiency
is 41%, and coal consumption for power supply is 299
g/kWh.
Compared with sub-critical and most supercritical
coal-fired units, GreenGen's designed standard coal
consumption of power supply is superior. However, it
consumes more coal than a 1000-MW ultra-
supercritical coal-fired unit. This can be attributed to
the fact that the GreenGen IGCC power plant employs
E-class turbines. If F-class, G-class, or even the higher-
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
rated H-class gas turbines are subsequently employed,
the efficiency of the GreenGen IGCC power station
will increase markedly. In terms of parasitic power, the
power consumption from the IGCC power station
remains quite high as the air compressor and
supercharger units of the power station are currently
driven by electricity. If gas-fueled drives are adopted,
the station's power consumption rate is expected to fall
from 28% to just 5%, making the plant even more
efficient.
The 1000-MW ultra-supercritical power plant of the
Phase III Shanghai Waigaoqiao Power Plant, the 1000-
MW ultra-supercritical air-cooled Ningxia Lingwu
Power Plant, and the GreenGen 250-MW IGCC power
plant. Currently, the GreenGen IGCC demonstration
power station is competitive with the most advanced
ultra-supercritical units in several technical indices.
Similar to the standard coal consumption, use of
higher-rated turbines would further improve the
technical indices of the GreenGen IGCC facility.
Currently, the GreenGen IGCC Power Station emits
0.9, 47.87, and 0.6 mg/Nm3 of SO2, NOx, and
particulate matter, respectively. The emission rates are
far below the emissions of some of the most advanced
coal-fired power stations in China and are competitive
with advanced gas-fired units. With further possibility
to improve on performance as the scale of the
technology is increased, the GreenGen project has
already demonstrated that gasification can be an
efficient, low-emissions option for coal utilisation in
China and the world.
Plans for future development
Industry-wide concepts
Compared with the widely used and fully commercial
pulverised coal-fired power plants, IGCC is less
developed and in the demonstration stage in China.
The high construction and operating costs are among
the main obstacles for future development and
deployment. It is a top priority to speed up
development and demonstration of IGCC technology
in China and to promote the technology based on the
following:
l Use high-temperature and high-pressure gas
turbines to improve IGCC efficiency. If G-class or
even H-class gas turbines are used, IGCC power
u November - 2014 r 21

stations could become much more efficient
(reaching 58%), making IGCC increasingly
competitive.
l Reduce the construction costs for IGCC power
stations. Increasing the scale of equipment
produced in China, coupled with standardised
designs and integration of chemical and power
industry standards, will considerably reduce
construction costs and thus accelerate the
commercialisation process.
l Increase the rate of the development of IGCC
technology and the building of demonstration
projects through support of several large-scale
IGCC commercial demonstration power stations.
This will advance relevant technologies and the
mass production of equipment, so as to bring
down specific investments and power generation
costs.
l Develop integrated IGCC/polygeneration
systems to realise diversified production of
chemical products, fuels, and power as end
products and thus improve the overall cost-
effectiveness of the IGCC system.
l Strengthen research into and demonstration of
IGCC-based CCUS technologies to lay a solid
foundation to scale up coal-based energy power
generation with near-zero emissions and drastic
reductions of greenhouse gases in the future.
Future plans for GreenGen
Based on the success of GreenGen Plan Phase I, CHNG
is now executing Phase II with plans to subsequently
move forward with Phase III. The steps involved in
Coal Processing Innovation Award 2014
CPSI invites nominations from the Coal, Coal Preparation and allied industries,
Corporate Members, Academic and R & D Institutions etc. for "Coal Processing
Innovation Award 2014". This award has been instituted for recognition and
encouragement for outstanding work done in the field of coal processing.
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
Phase II and Phase III are detailed below:
l Phase II (2013-2017): Carry out trial operations and
optimise to improve the existing systems and key
equipment and further improve the operating
safety, stability, and reliability of the individual
units within the overall process. Research and
develop IGCC-based CCUS technologies and
advance fuel cell and hydrogen-enriched gas
combustion technologies. Conduct feasibility
studies on large-capacity, high-parameter IGCC
and CCUS. Begin preliminary preparations for
GreenGen Phase III.
l Phase III (2018-2025): The plan is to build a 400-
600-MW GreenGen demonstration plant that will
include integration of key technologies such as
IGCC, CCUS, fuel cell power generation, and
combined-cycle power generation based on
hydrogen-rich turbines and polygeneration. This
demonstration plant will realise efficient coal-
fired power generation with near-zero emissions
of all major pollutants and CO2. Meanwhile,
efforts will be made to continuously improve the
cost-effectiveness and competitiveness of
GreenGen-based IGCC units in preparation for
widespread commercial deployment.
A Common Objective
With Phase I complete and Phase II successfully under
way, the GreenGen project team is moving forward
with the objective that this project can become the
benchmark for commercial-scale, cost-effective, near-
zero emissions, coal-based power generation. This is a
goal that, if realised, would offer much strategic value
not only to China, but to the world.
u November - 2014 r 22

Technical Evalution of an operating mini flotation plant
- A Case Study
Abstract
The Indian coking coal washeries are very old and presently,
the existing fine coal circuits are unable to recover effectively
the fines, below 0.5mm, available from the washeries. As a
result this enviably leads to discharging vitrinite-rich coal
slurry having ash content between 25%-35%, in nearby
ponds and lagoons and pollute the environment. Central
Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad has
developed a low cost, eco-friendly fine-coal treatment
process that can abate the problems associated with the
beneficiation of the coal fines. The process produces low ash
(~15%) cleans that enhances the quality of composite clean
when blended with pre treated coarser fraction for
production of metallurgical or foundry coke. The present
paper highlights the performance of a 10tph Flotation plant
treating coking coal fines.
Introduction
Coking coal is an essential prerequisite for
manufacture of Iron & Steel through blast furnace
route. In India, the annual requirement of coking coal
for various metallurgical purposes is about 35 to 40
million tonnes, out of which the availability from the
indigenous sources is about 10 to 15 million tonnes
only. The rest of the coking coal requirements are
managed through imports from different countries.
Around 10-12 million tonnes of coking coal is being
washed every year to produce clean coal for steel
making. During the process around 10-15% of coal
mined is produced as fines (-0.5 mm) which contains
25-35% ash.These fines are upgraded by conventional
flotation in cells in the washeries. Due to deterioration
in the quality of feed coal,most of these flotation
plants are either not running at all or running much
below their capacity.As a result these washeries are
* Scientist, CSIR-CIMFR, Dhanbad, India
** Professor, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
— U.S Chattopadhyay*, T. Gouricharan*,
R. Venugopal**
releasing the coal fines which are basically vitrinite
enriched as slurry waste to nearby impoundments,
thereby polluting the surroundings and wasting the
good quality coking coal fines [Sinha,KMK, 2000]. The
coal fines (below 0.5mm) having better coking
propensity is a valuable prerequisite in preparing
cleans for metallurgical coke. Though enriched in
vitrinite content, the fines cannot be mixed directly
with clean coal due to their high ash content (more
than 25%) and of high percentage of silica content. The
slurry needs to be washed through improved coal
cleaning technology for enrichment of coking
propensity and for utilization of total cleans as high
valued component for coke making. These fines may
be beneficiated to the required ash level) > 18 and used
for metallurgical purposes due to the fact that they
have better coking propensity on washing to a lower
ash levels. Beneficiation of this coal slurry by froth
floatation techniques is assuming increasing
importance in India.
Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research,
Dhanbad has developed a low cost, eco-friendly fine-
coal treatment process that can abate the problems
associated with disposing of tailings and coal fines as
slurry [Kumar. A, 2000]. A series of 5 to 10 tph mini
flotation plants were installed in and around
Dhanbad, India and through these installations it is
possible to recover 50% cleans at about 15% ash level,
from raw tailings of ash ranging from 30% to 35%.
However, the flotation circuits needs to be optimized
depending upon the performance of the individual
flotation cells and the characteristics of the material to
be processed [Sen, 1984]. The present paper highlights
the performance of a flotation plant treating such coal
fines.
u November - 2014 r 23
 CPSI Journal

Experimental operating flotation plant and mass balancing studies

were carried out using a step by step approach around
The process adopted for the production of low ash
various nodes and finally for the whole flotation plant.
good quality coking coal in coal beneficiation plant is a
Using mass flow rate of the fresh feed and chemical
specially designed Froth flotation system as depicted
assays of the streams, flow rates and recoveries of
in Figure 1. The fine coal particles of size below 0.5mm
concentrate, tailings in each stream were calculated
are conditioned in a conditioner by using water and
[Smith, H.W., 1983]. The raw assays vs. adjusted
collector, diesel oil in a requisite quantity. The
assays of the ash% and percent solid content of
conditioned coal slurry is then fed into a series of
different streams were plotted and depicted in Figures
flotation cells where air bubbles by the rotation of
2 & 3. It may be noted that each point in the plots
high-speed impellers of special design and with the
represents an assay in a given stream during a specific
help of a frother. The froth laden clean coal is then
plant survey. The mass flow rate, water distribution,
discharged to a filter for dewatering, while the tailings
recovery and assays of coal are shown in Table 1. The
from the flotation cells are taken to settling ponds. The
efficiencies of the separations were evaluated with ash
tailings are settled in the pond and clarified water is
contents. The ash contents was calculated by
percolated to a well from where it is again recycled to
conventional method and the results were used to find
the system for reuse [K Sen et al. March, 2002]
the combustible recoveries, ash rejection% values and
The samples from feed to the flotation cells, separation efficiency% and depicted in figures 4, 5, 6
concentrate and tailings were collected from the and 7 respectively.

W1
W2
S1 D K
SLURRY CONDITIONER
10 TPH
F1
FLOTATION CELLS
FOR
T1 T2 T3 T4 BRIQUETTING

SETTLING
C1 C2 C3 C4 PONDS

W3
C5

VACUUM
S3
FILTER
S2
S5 FILTRATE
C!,C2,C3,C4,C5 : Concentrate
WELL C6 : Filter Cake
C6 T1,T2,T3,T4 : Tailings
W1,W2,W3 : Water
S1 : Raw Slurry
S2 : Filtrate
S3, S5 : Overflow
CLEANS D: : Diesel Tank
K : Frother Tank

Fig. 1 : Flow Diagram of Flotation Plant

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 24

 CPSI Journal

Figure 2 : Mass Balancing Plots Figure 3 : Mass Balancing Plots

(Experimental ash% Vs Adjusted ash%) (Experimental solids% Vs Adjusted solids%)

Table 1 : Mass Balancing of Flotation Plant

Ash% Solid%
Mass
Sl. No Stream Flow Expt Adj Expt Adj Water
1 100.0 27.0 26.8 80.0 80.0 25.0
2 Feed 116.2 25.0 25.8 21.2 21.2 432.0
3 C1 45.5 12.1 11.9 52.7 52.6 41.0
4 T1 70.7 34.6 34.7 14.1 15.3 391.0
5 C2 36.4 18.3 17.9 49.6 49.5 37.1
6 T2 34.3 52.3 52.5 10.2 8.8 354.0
7 C3 1.8 23.9 21.3 11.1 11.1 8.0
8 T3 33.3 53.5 53.6 15.9 8.8 346.0
9 C4 1.0 21.9 23.8 12.5 12.3 13.0
10 T4 33.5 56.4 55.2 16.1 8.6 333.0
11 C5 84.7 14.2 14.8 64.8 46.1 99.0
12 S4 16.2 19.8 19.6 10.2 9.3 157.0
13 Cake 68.5 14.0 13.7 73.5 73.5 25.0

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 25


Figure 4 : Variation of Cleans Yield and
Ash with Cell No
Figure 6 : Variation of Ash Rejection with Cell No
Results and Discussion
It may be seen from the Figures 2 & 3 that the plant data
is very consistent in this particular case, with just a few
outliners. The mass balance data shown in Table – 1 for
the different stream shows that the majority of coal is
floated in the cell 1 and 2 and which is clearly shown in
Figure 4. The coal particles carried by each tailing
streams are entering in the next cell where it is further
processed and thereby recovering some coal particles.
The total concentrate is recovered from the cells
sometimes from the first two cells or from the four
cells. Thus depending on relative cell levels the cut
points from each cell may be expected to vary. The
pulp from cell 1 may be loosely equated to feed (say 25-
30% ash) where as cell 4 may be equated to tailings (65-
70% ash) with intermediate pulp from cell 2 to 3. It may
be seen that the first two cell recovers the finest
concentrate where as the coarsest comes from the last
cell. Depending upon the nature of slurry and its
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
Figure 5: Variation of Tailings Yield and
Ash with Cell No
Figure 7: Variation of Efficiency Index with Cell No
floatability, the first and second cell may be used as
additional conditioners for better yield of concentrate.
The recovery of coal is optimum in the first two cells
with significant drop in recovery of coal in the third
and final cell as depicted in figure 4. It may be due to
the proper conditioning and high flotatbility of the
coal particles. Moreover the flotation feed carrying a
lot of vitrinite enriched materials which are highly
floatable in nature. It is also observed that the recovery
of last cell is slightly high than the third cell which
may be due to the recovery of some coarser particles
which were present in the feed and achieved the
maximum retention time.[Crosbie. R. et al October,
2009].
The recovery of tailings is also showing reverse trends
(Figure: 5). In case of first cell the recovery is less
compare to third and fourth cell. It indicates that all the
cells are performing well.
u November - 2014 r 26
 CPSI Journal

The efficiency number of the first two cells is high does not allow mineral laden water to overflow into
which indicates the best performance of the two cells froth collecting launder to prevent contamination of
compare to the last two cells as depicted in figure. 7. mineral rich pulp. The critical pulp level determines
The ash rejection of the first two cells as depicted in the final quality of concentrate.
figure. 6 is minimum, which indicates that the stability
The size distribution and size wise ash determination
of froth is more compared to the last cells. [Crosbie.R,
of the individual cell was carried out to know the
et al October, 2009] It may be observed that depth of
optimum liberation behaviour of the individual size.
the froth is greatest at the initial cells where it is most
From figure 8 it indicates that the liberation of dirtiest
stable and least in the final cells where bubble usually
material takes place in cell no 3 and 4. Similarly, from
coalesce. The pulp level in the cell is the most
figure. 9 it reveals that the recovery of low ash cleans
significant variable affecting cell performance for
takes place in cell one and two, whereas the recovery of
particular slurry. Each flotation cell has individual
coarsest material reported in cell three and four.
pulp level control which helps proper froth depth and

Figure 8 : Variation of Ash% of different screen fractions with Cell No

Figure 9 : Variation of Cum Yield of different size fraction with Cell No

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 27

 CPSI Journal

Conclusions
The raw slurry used as feed material in the operating
mini flotation plant consists of 25% ash. It was
observed from the mass balancing data that the yield at
14% ash level is about 69%. The mass balance data for
the different stream shows that the majority of coal is
floated in the cell 1 and 2. The recovery of first and
second cell is 45.5% and 36.4% at an ash of 12.1% and
18.3% respectively while the recovery of the 3rd and
4th cell is low. The efficiency number of the first two
cells is high and the ash rejection is low which indicates
the best performance of the first two cells compared to
the last two cells.
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the Director CIMFR,
Dhanbad for giving his consent to publish this paper in
the journal. The authors are also thankful to all the staff
members of the Coal Preparation division for providing
valuable support at various stages of this work.

References
1. Sinha. K.M.K., Chattopadhay.U.S. and Sen. K., Recycling and treatment of Settling pond fines- A Challenge
to industry and environment , International Symposium: Processing of Fines (2), Nov.,2000.,National
Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, India : 831007, page no. 416-422.
2. Kumar. A., and Sen. K., Design and Construction aspects of mini coal flotation plant, International
Symposium: Processing of Fines (2), Nov.,2000.,National Metallurgical Institute, Jamshedpur,India : 831007,
page no. 388-402
3. Sen Kalyan, Das Chowdhury. K.P., Chatterjee. T.K., and Chakravarti A.K. : Optimisation of Coal Flotation
Process in Composite Washery, Fuel Sci. & Tech., Vol. 3, No.3, July. 1984.
4. Kalyan Sen, B K. Dutta, U. S. Chattopadhyay, , K. M. K. Sinha; A. Kumar, Dr D. K. Chakraborty, S. K. Kabiraj
Scientist, Central Fuel Research Institute, Dhanbad, India “Some Design Aspects on the Mini Coal Slurry
Flotation Plants”. XIV Int. Coal Preparation Congress and Exhibition, 11-15th March, 2002.
5. Smith, H.W. and Frew J.A., (1983), Design and analysis of sampling experiments – A sensitivity approach,
International Journal of Mineral Processing, 11, pp. 267–284.
6. Crosbie. R, Runge. K, Brent. C, Korte. M, and Gibbons. T, “An Integrated Optimisation Study of the Barrick
Osborne Concentrator : Part B – Flotation, 10th Mill Operators Conference, Adelaide, SA, Oct, 2009.

Allocation of mineral resources by auction

Following the coal block allocation by auction, Ministry of Mines has moved a draft Bill for allocation of
Mining Leases (MLs) in respect of notified minerals through competitive bidding process. Draft copy of the
Bill proposing an amendment of the Mines & Minerals (Development & Regulation) Act 1957 has been posted
at the web site of the Ministry of Mines. The draft Bill aims at improving the transparency in allocation as well
as a fair share of the value of minerals for the government.

Timelines fixed by MoC for allotting coal blocks under new Rules :
l December 22' 2014 – Request for Proposals. l February 11' 2015 – Bid submission due date.
l March 3' 2015 – Qualification of technical bids. l March 6' 2015 – Price bidding through e - auction.
l March 16' 2015 – Allotment letters to successful bidders.

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 28

 Organised By
Coal
COAL PREPARATION SOCIETY OF INDIA
Beneficiation 2015
TAFCON Conference & Expo
Thu16 - Fri 17 April 2015
Hotel The Ashok, New Delhi, INDIA

Theme:
Coal Washing in India - Emerging Business Opportunity:
Experience...
Priorities & Challenges
CLEAN COAL
to a new level !

Coal washing will be made mandatory.This will require setting up large number of
washeries.Therefore,the environment ministry is finalizing the terms of reference
for setting up coal washeries.This will make getting environmental clearance for
setting up washeries a less cumbersome process.
Shri Prakash Javadekar
Hon’ble Environment Minister, Govt. of India

TATA STEEL NTPC SAIL CMPDI NMDC JINDAL STEEL & POWER MONNET ISPAT & ENERGY MAHANADI COALFIELDS ACB INDIA

MBE COAL &

GUPTA CORPORATION NALCO WATER a’XYKno FINANCIAL CENTER MINERAL TECHNOLOGY INDIAN METALS & FERRO ALLOYS MMD HEAVY MACHINERY APMDC ANDRITZ SEPARATION METSO MINERALS

Corporate Members are CPSI’s Strength

ELECTROSTEEL CASTING ENESTEE ENGINEERING EMTA COAL FLSMIDTH

ULTRA TECH CEMENT BATEMAN ENGINEERING VOLTAS GLOBAL COAL & MINING BEVCON WAYORS ARDEE HI-TEC KSN TECH VENTURES R&S ENGINEERING SARDA ENERGY & MINERALS

TATA PROJECTS M.N. DASTUR & COMPANY MAGNETIC RESOURCES MULTOTEC GMDC ADITYA BIRLA INDU PROJECTS SCHENCK PROCESS Neyveli Lignite Corpn. Ltd.
Industry Scenario
By 2020, India’s annual coal production is expected to touch one billion
tonne mark. This will necessarily mean more production from large
mechanized open cast mines.This is bound to impact the quality of run of
mine (ROM) coal due to increase in `out of seam’ dilution and accordingly
matching coal washing capacity would be needed.
Recent amendment to the Environment Protection Rules 2014 is a
positive development for the Indian coal preparation industry. Under the
new provisions, besides the consumers, the coal producers / suppliers are
also responsible for ensuring that coal of ash content not exceeding 34% is
supplied to the power plants located beyond a distance of 750 KM and
those located in urban and environmentally sensitive locations. This
becomes effective from January 2015 and the distance will be further
reduced to 500 KM effective June 5’ 2016.
Under the new dispensation the Central and State pollution control
enforcement agencies will now have some teeth to act against the coal
suppliers and the coal consumers who violate the mandate.At the same
time this new mandate is bound to help in boosting up the pace of setting
up of new coal washeries in the country.
Overview of the Event
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
MINISTRY OF COAL
ANIL SWARUP
SECRETARY
MESSAGE
India is endowed with abundant coal resources but due to the
very generic nature of their formation, our coal deposits have high
inherent ash content. As electricity generation, iron & steel and
many other industries are heavily coal dependent, it is important
that the run of mine (ROM) coal should be beneficiated and ash
content brought down so as to meet the technological requirement
of the user industry and also to comply with the Environment
Protection Rules 2014 in respect of thermal coals.
I understand that the Coal Preparation Society of India (CPSI)
has been dedicatedly promoting washing / beneficiation of domestic
coal as a step towards a clean coal production - supply chain in the
country.
I am very happy to know CPSI is organising a Conference on a
very important and topical theme“CoalWashing in India - Emerging
Business Opportunity:Priority & Challenges”.

In the above backdrop, the Coal Preparation Society of India (CPSI) – a I am sure this conference will be a good opportunity for all
participants and stakeholders to deliberate upon some of the key
non-government and non-profit professional body of the Coal Preparation
issues pertaining to the theme and also discuss how best our
Industry will organize a Conference during 16-17 April 2015 at New Delhi
country’s coal industry can deliver the required quantity of coal to
on topical theme: meet the requirement of the economy as a whole.
Coal Washing in India-Emerging Business Opportunity:
I look forward to some positive recommendations emerging
Priorities & Challenges out of the conference deliberations that would provide some
Focus of the event will be on current and projected coal scenario in the positive suggestions to the government in making new Coal Policy.
country, quality related compulsions, industry’s immediate concerns with I wish the conference a great success.
regard to existing as well as new coal washing facilities,planned as well as in
the pipeline. Policy and Regulatory aspects and associated issues will also
be covered. (Anil Swarup)
Concurrent to the Conference, Expo will be organised by TAFCON
Group, professional trade exhibitions organiser’s with an expertise and
experience of over 6 decades.TAFCON has been serving the mining and
allied industry for more than 20 years.
The Event will highlight Indian Coal Industry’s ambitious plans of increasing
coal making capacity matching with rapid increase in Coal Production in an
environment friendly manner.
Besides a large number of industry professionals the event has the assured
support and participation of 41 large companies who are corporate
Members of CPSI. Government policy makers, professional managers &
decision makers, from coal, power, iron & steel, cement and allied
industries from India and abroad will be participating in this important
conference.
The Conference aims at Technology Showcasing and New Business
Opportunities in India Coal Preparation Industry both for domestic and
international companies.
The conference will deliberate upon the pressing issues pertaining to the
Indian Coal,Coal Preparation,Power generation,Iron & Steel,Cement and
allied industries with a view to suggesting compatible solutions. Over 300
participants from more than 12 countries and trade delegates are
expected to participate in this event.
Positive recommendations and suggestions emerging from
Conference deliberations shall be compiled and forwarded to
the Government of India for considerations in making new coal
policies.
Views and Vision of the Government

“Coal India Ltd.should sell crushed and washed coal only,accordingly the Company has been asked to take steps
so that only such coal is sold by the end of the next three to four years”.

“Coal production in the last four years has hardly been growing by 1-1.5 per cent. I have an ambitious target of
nearly a billion tonnes in the next four years”
Shri Piyush Goyal
Hon’ble Minister of State (I/C) for
Coal, Power & New & Renewable Energy
Govt. of India

“Comprehensive measures for enhancing domestic coal Using Washed Coal may help India defend using coal as a key energy
production are being put in place along with stringent source at a time global climate talks are moving towards the need for
mechanism for quality control and environmental its phase out.The country has made it clear that its electricity needs
protection, which includes supply of crushed coal and preclude that option.
setting up of washeries” Shri Prakash Javadekar
Shri Arun Jaitley Hon’ble Environment Minister
Hon’ble Finance Minister Govt. of India
Govt. of India
In his Budget for 2014-15 speech

Participants Profile
Ÿ Coal Bi-products and Chemicals Ÿ Foreign Trade Missions
Ÿ Coal Consumers Ÿ Government Representatives & Policy Makers
Ÿ Coal Preparation & allied Professionals Ÿ Mining and Heath Safety Mining Recycling
Ÿ Coal Producers, Importers and Traders Ÿ Planning, Design and Consulting Organisations / Experts.
Ÿ Consultants, R&D Experts & Academics. Ÿ Power Generation companies, Utilities etc.
Ÿ Economists, Financial and Capital Services Groups. Ÿ Iron & Steel Companies
Ÿ Engineering & Planning Ÿ Cement and allied industry
Ÿ Environment Industries & Professionals Ÿ Research & Development Institutions
Ÿ EPC Contractors, Maintenance Personnel and Solution Ÿ Transport and Logistics Companies
Providers Ÿ Washery, Coal Handling and allied Equipment Manufactures and
Ÿ Equipment Manufacturer and Suppliers Suppliers
Ÿ Exploration and Geological Services

Sponsorship Opportunities
Sponsorship Package with Exhibition Stall: Conference Sponsorship Package:
Sponsorship Amount Delegates Advt. in Exhibition Amount Advt. in
Sponsorship Category Delegates
Category INR (ˆ ) USD ($) Souvenir Stall INR (ˆ ) USD ($) Souvenir

Partner Inside Front Dinner Sponsor (Exclusive) 1 Full Page

10,00,000 20,000 10 Cover Page* 48 6,00,000 12,000 6

Platinum Sponsor 7,50,000 15,000 8 1 Full Page 36 Lunch Sponsor (Each Day) - 2 Nos. 3,50,000 7,000 4 1 Full Page

Diamond Sponsor 6,00,000 12,000 1 Full Page Conference Proceeding (Exclusive) 4,00,000 Inside Back
6 24 8,000 4 Cover Page*
Gold Sponsor 4,00,000 8,000 4 1 Full Page 18 Conference Kits (Exclusive) 2,00,000 4,000 2 1 Full Page

Silver Sponsor 2,50,000 5,000 2 1 Full Page 12 Tea/ Coffee (each day) – 2 nos 1,25,000 2,500 1 1 Full Page

Bronze Sponsor 1,50,000 3,000 1 1 Full Page 9 Souvenirs (Exclusive) 1,00,000 2,000 1 1 Full Page

VIP Mementoes (Exclusive) 75,000 1,500 1 1 Full Page

Exhibition Stall Options

Option 1: Bare / Raw Space
Indoor Bare Space with basic facilities and One Expo Directory.
Exhibitors can adopt design of the choice with prior approval of
the Organiser.
Option 2: Built-up Stall
Built-up Stand includesWall Panels,Fascia in English,One Spot
Light per 3 sqm., One 5 amp socket per 12 sqm., One Table, 2
Chairs for every 12 sqm., General Electricity for Stand, One
Expo Directory.
Delegate Fee
Indian Delegates Overseas Delegates CPSI Members Authors

INR 10,000 per delegate
10% discount, in case of 3 and more
Delegates from an Organisation
USD 200 per delegate
10% discount, in case of 3 and more
Delegates from an Organisation
Complimentary Registrations for No participation fee for the
Members presenter author.
Incase of Co-Authors also participating,
50% delegate fee is chargeable

Industry Remarks
Hon’ble Minister for Coal
“Very good symposium on Coal Beneficiation organised by CPSI & TAFCON. Congratulations”
Ministry of Coal, Government of India

Chairman
“Impressive & Progressing exhibition”
Coal India Ltd.

Chairman
“Excellent exhibition of Coal Washeries’ capability. Best wishes”
Steel Authority of India

CMD
“ Excellent effort put together for a great Exhibition / Conference. Congratulations”
Monnet Ispat & Energy Ltd.

CMD
“Very good arrangement. Great Participation. Congratulations”
Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd.

Venue - Hotel The Ashok, New Delhi

The venue is set in a prime location in New Delhi's Diplomatic Enclave.The Ashok is the pride of hospitality. No hotel symbolizesThe
traditional grandeur and hospitality of the historic Capital of India more thanTheAshok.HotelTheAshok is 15 km.from International
and 12 km.from DomesticAirports and 6 km.from City Center,the main hub of business activities.

About Organisers
Established in November 2000, Coal Preparation Society of India (CPSI) is a non-governmental and non-profit
body of coal washing,coal mining and allied industries. As a professional body,it is dedicated towards promotion of
beneficiation of Indian coal with a view to making it clean and environmentally acceptable energy source. CPSI is a
COAL PREPARATION SOCIETY OF INDIA
Member of the International Organizing Committee of the International Coal Preparation Congress (ICPC).With
a very broad-based membership CPSI always endeavors provide an independent platform for deliberating various critical issues relating to coal
washing and allied subjects. It aims to provide an independent and neutral expert opinion to the industry as well as to the government, as and when
called upon to do so.

TAFCON is a professionally managed company with over six decades of experience and expertise in organizing InternationalTrade Fairs
and Conferences in India and overseas, on various subjects namely Mining, Minerals & Metals; Materials Engineering Technology;
Environment; Packaging; Printing; Paper; Beauty; Lifestyle; Tot Teen & Mom; Education; Medical & Healthcare; Poultry, Dairy & Food
TAFCON Technology;Travel &Tourism;HeatTreat;Surface Engineering,Coating & Paint etc.

COAL PREPARATION SOCIETY OF INDIA
R.K. Sachdev
Mob: 09810302360
rksachdev01@gmail.com
Contact us
For Conference,Contact For Exhibition,Contact:
COAL PREPARATION SOCIETY OF INDIA TAFCON PROJECTS (INDIA) PVT. LTD.
1332A/B, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi-110070 705 New Delhi House, 27 Barakhamba Road
Tel/Fax: +91-11-2613 6416 New Delhi- 110001,INDIA
E-mail: rksachdev01@gmail.com Tel: +91-11-49857777
hl.sapru@monnetgroup.com TAFCON Fax: +91-11-49857778
Email: coalprep@tafcon.com
K.B. Trehan H.K. Sapru
Mob: 09810074416 Mob: 09999104023
kbtrehan@yahoo.com hl.sapru@monnetgroup.com

www.cpsi.org.in www.tafcon.com
 CPSI Journal

First Meeting of the International Organizing Committee

of the XVIII International Coal Preparation Congress (2016)
held at St. Petersburg during October 06–12, 2014
The first meeting of the International Organizing
Committee of the XVIII International Coal Preparation
Congress (2016) was held in the National Mineral
Resources University (University of Mines) on
October 06-12, 2014.
The meeting was attended by:
Members of the International Organizing
Committee :
1. Prof. Dr. Gülhan Özbayoğlu (Turkey);
2. Andrew Swanson (Australia);
4. Yu.B. Rubenstein – Director for Science of the
Solid Fuel Preparation Institute, OJSC, Doctor of
Engineering, Professor;
5. A.N. Shabarov – Vice Rector (Director) of the
Scientific Center of Geomechanics and Mining
Problems of the National Mineral Resources
University (University of Mines), Doctor of
Engineering;
6. V.N. Nazima – Director General of Giproshakht
OJSC, Candidate of Geology and Mineral
Sciences;

3. Dieter Ziaja (Germany); 7. A.V. Tikhonov – Director General of the Russian

Energy Agency.
4. Raj Kumar Sachdev (India);
5. Ph.D.Eng. Ireneusz Balk (Poland); Attendees of the meeting:

6. Johan de Korte (Republic of South Africa); 1. V.L. Trushko –Vice-Rector for Science of the
National Mineral Resources University
7. Xie Wenbo (People's Republic of China); (University of Mines), Doctor of Engineering,
8. Douglas Jenkinson (Great Britain); Professor;

9. Dr. Mel Laurila (USA). 2. A.P. Suslov – Vice-Rector for Property Operation;
3. T.N. Alexandrova – Head of Department of
Associate Member of the International Organizing
Mineral Processing of the National Mineral
Committee:
Resources University (University of Mines),
1. Prof. Dr. Ljudmilla Bokanyi (Hungary). Doctor of Engineering;

Members of the Russian National Organizing
Committee:
1. V.S. Litvinenko – Rector of the National Mineral
Resources University (University of Mines),
Doctor of Engineering Science, Professor
2. A.B. Yanovsky – Deputy Minister of Energy of the
Russian Federation;
3. L.A. Weisberg – Chairman of the Board of
Directors of Mekhanobr-Tekhnika Research and
Production Corporation, Associate Member of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of
Engineering, Professor;
4. V.Yu. Bazhin – Dean of Department of Chemistry
and Metallurgy of the National Mineral Resources
University (University of Mines), Doctor of
Engineering;
5. M.M. Verzilov – Head of General Information and
Analytical Office of the Department of Coal and
Peat Industry;
6. Ph.D Eng. Zhang Shaoqiang (China);
7. T.D. Khayrullin – Deputy Head of Strategic
Cooperation Department of the Russian Energy
Agency.

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Agenda of the Meeting
1. Admission of L.A. Weisberg, Chairman of the
Board of Directors of Mekhanobr-Tekhnika
Research and Production Corporation, Associate
Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Doctor of Engineering, Professor, to membership
of the International Organizing Committee as a
representative of the Russian Federation.
2. Consideration of new subjects proposed to be
included in the activity list of the technical
workshops.
3. Dates of holding of the XVIII International Coal
Preparation Congress (Congress)in 2016 and the
second meeting of the International organizing
committee in 2015.
4. Discussion and approval of an emblem and a web-
site of the Congress.
5. Reports on the last XVII International Coal
Preparation Congress, Turkey, 2013 (Gülhan
Özbayoğlu).
6. Current state of coal preparation in Russia (Yu.B.
Rubenstein).
8. Information about organization and preservation
of history of the Congresses (Andrew Swanson).
7. Inspection of the premises where the meetings of
the Congress will be held.
8. Consideration of proposals and presentations on
holding of the XIX International Coal Preparation
Congress in 2019 (India and Hungary) and
selection of the host-country.
9. Matters related to organization of the exhibition of
coal preparation technologies and equipment.
10. Approval of the registration fee.
11. Discussion of requirements to abstracts, review
thereof, submission deadlines, contacts with
authors.
12. Admission of a representative of the Republic of
Kazakhstan as an associate member of the
International Organizing Committee.
13. Design of the Congress web-site.
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CPSI Journal
14. Proposals on organization of participation of
representatives of the younger generation of
experts and scientists in the Congress.
14. Organization of the advertising campaign of the
Congress.
Decisions
The following decisions were taken by the organizing
committee after discussion and exchange of
opinions.
1. To admit L.A. Weisberg, Chairman of the Board of
Directors of Mekhanobr-Tekhnika Research and
Production Corporation, Associate Member of the
Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of
Engineering, Professor, to membership of the
International Organizing Committee as a
representative of the Russian Federation.
2. To include the following subjects in the program of
the technical workshops: beneficiation and
processing of carbon ores, modern technologies of
advanced processing of coal, dry separation of
coal, coal quality control, methods of research and
analysis of beneficiation waste, coal drying,
extraction of small-size coal, optimization of
separation processes, information technologies for
coal preparation.
3. To hold the second meeting of the International
Organizing Committeeon June 24 – 27, 2015.
4. To hold the XVIII International Coal Preparation
Congress from June 28, 2016 to July 01, 2016.
5. To approve the proposed emblem of the Congress
(attached).
6. Accept the proposed skin and structure of the
Congress web-site.
7. Preparation of the Congress shall take into account
the problems that arose at the XVII International
Coal Preparation Congress in Turkey in 2013.
8. The lecture halls of the National Mineral
Resources University meet the requirements set
for the premises used for holding of the Congress
meetings.
u November - 2014 r 34

9. To accept Raj Kumar Sachdev's proposal to hold
the XIX International Coal Preparation Congress
in India in 2019 (unanimous decision of the
members of the International Organizing
Committee).
10. To hold the exhibition of coal preparation
technologies and equipment on the premises of
the National Mineral Resources University
(University of Mines).
11. The registration feel shall be USD 700 in case of
early registration (before March 1, 2016), USD 800
in case of late registration and USD 100 for
students.
12. To register an e-mail address of the Congress to
be used to contact the members of the
International Organizing Committee and receive
applications.
13. Abstracts shall be submitted on or before May 10,
2015.
14. Full texts of reports shall be submitted on or before
November 15, 2015.
15. Registration fees for inclusion of reports in the
Congress program and publishing thereof in the
Congress works shall be paid on or before March
01, 2016.
16. To request the Ministry of Energy of the Russian
Federation and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of
the Russian Federation to establish a simplified
19th International Coal Preparation Congress (ICPC)
in 2019
International Organising Committee (IOC) of the 18th
International Coal Preparation Congress in its meeting recently
held in St Petersburg, Russia unanimously voted for 19th ICPC
to be held in 2019 in New Delhi under the aegis of the
Coal Preparation Society of India.
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
procedure of issue of visas to the Congress
delegates and exhibitors.
17. To optimize the procedure of payment of
registration fees (e.g. transfer from a bank account
to the bank account of the Congress, etc.).
18. To ask the members of the International
Organizing Committee to assist with the
organization of the advertising campaign of the
Congress in their countries.
19. To prepare an advertising leaflet of the Congress
and to send it to the members of the International
Organizing Committee (on or before October 24,
2014, responsible person: A.N. Shabarov, Doctor
of Engineering).
20. To finish designing of the Congress web-site (on or
before October 24, 2014, responsible person: A.N.
Shabarov, Doctor of Engineering).
21. To ask the members of the International
Organizing Committee to take steps in order to
ensure participation of young scientists and
experts from their countries in the Congress.
22. To admit the representative of the Republic of
Kazakhstan as an associate member of the
International Organizing Committee.
23. To ask Prof. Dr. Gülhan Özbayoğlu and Dr. Mel
Laurila to provide the lists of delegates of the XVII
and the XVI International Coal Preparation
Congress and exhibitors.
u November - 2014 r 35
 CPSI Journal

Glimpses of the First Meeting of the International Organizing

Committee of the XVIII International Coal Preparation Congress (2016)
held at St. Petersburg during October 6–12, 2014

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 i c s
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CPSI Journal
S
oal Inventory of Coal Resources of India
C
Coal Resources
Inventory of Geological Resources of Coal in India : As a result of exploration carried out up to the
maximum depth of 1200m by the GSI, CMPDI, SCCL and MECL etc, a cumulative total of 301.56 Billion
tonnes of Geological Resources of Coal have so far been estimated in the country as on 1.4.2014. The details
of state-wise geological resources of coal are given as under:

State Proved (Mt) Indicated (Mt) Inferred (Mt) Total (Mt)

West Bengal 13403 13022 4893 31318
Jharkhand 41377 32780 6559 80716
Bihar 0 0 160 160
Madhya Pradesh 10411 12382 2879 25673
Chhattisgarh 16052 33253 3228 52533
Uttar Pradesh 884 178 0 1062
Maharashtra 5667 3186 2110 10964
Orissa 27791 37873 9408 75073
Andhra Pradesh 9729 9670 3068 22468
Assam 465 47 3 515
Sikkim 0 58 43 101
Arunachal Pradesh 31 40 19 90
Meghalaya 89 17 471 576
Nagaland 9 0 307 315
Total 125909 142506 33149 301564
Categorization of Resources : The coal resources of India are available in older Gondwana Formations of
peninsular India and younger Tertiary formations of north-eastern region. Based on the results of
Regional/ Promotional Exploration, where the boreholes are normally placed 1-2 Km apart, the resources
are classified into 'Indicated' or 'Inferred' category. Subsequent Detailed Exploration in selected blocks,
where boreholes are less than 400 meter apart, upgrades the resources into more reliable 'Proved' category.
The Formation-wise and Category-wise coal resources of India as on 1.4.2014 are given in table below:
(in Million Tonnes)

Formation Proved Indicated Inferred Total

Gondwana Coals 125315 142407 32350 300072
Tertiary Coals 594 99 799 1493
Total 125909 142506 33149 301564

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a lS
Co Status of Coal Resources in India during Last 5 years
As a result of Regional, Promotional and detailed Exploration by GSI, CMPDI, SCCL, MECL, State Govts.
etc., the estimation of coal resources in India reached to 301.56 billion tones. The increase/upgradation of
coal resources in the country during last 5 years is furnished in table below:

As on Geological Resources of Coal (In Million tones)

Proved Indicated Inferred Total
1.1.2009 105820 123470 37920 267210
1.1.2010 109798 130654 36358 276810
1.1.2011 114002 137471 34390 285862
1.1.2012 118145 142169 33183 293497
1.1.2013 123182 142632 33101 298914
1.1.2014 125909 142506 33149 301564

Call for early auction of coal blocks - ASSOCHAM

Leading business group Associated Chambers of
Commerce and Industry of India urged the
government to resolve the coal blocks auction issue at
the earliest.
In a letter written to Mr Piyush Goel, minister of state
(I/C) for power, coal and new & renewable energy,
ASSOCHAM secretary general Mr DS Rawat said that
the auction of coal blocks should be conducted as
soon as possible and in any case all or at least a
majority of the blocks should be auctioned in one go
so that the operations of existing end-user
infrastructure and power plants are not adversely
affected.
Preference in allocation should be accorded to captive
block allocatees which have an operational or soon to
be operational end-use project. Only after coal for
these projects is secured, auctions should be opened
for others, ASSOCHAM suggested.
The letter said that the reserve price and upfront
payment should be based on actual mineable reserves
only and not on the basis of geological reserves.
While sub-blocking should remain as it is, clubbing of
blocks should be avoided so that the end user plants
of small capacities can also bid in the auction
process.
The chamber has expressed its willingness to make a
presentation to the government in case it gets such an
opportunity.
Source - Statesman News Service

There are positive indications that the government would reallocate 33 coal blocks back to the same
government companies and state PSUs for captive mining that stood cancelled by the Supreme Court order
of September 24th 2014. However, these companies shall have to pay the penalty of INR 295 per tonnes
fixed by the Supreme Court. These 33 coal blocks are likely to packaged in the total list of 74 blocks that the
Ministry of Coal is preparing to put on auction in December 2014.

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US-China deal marks the beginning of the end of Chinese coal chapter
Mr Li Shuo, Senior Climate & Energy policy officer at
Greenpeace East Asia, said that today could be the
most important day so far this century in climate and
energy politics.
China and United States have come to an historic
agreement, negotiated privately over a period of
months, that represents China's first concrete foray
into international emissions targets.
China's 20% clean energy share by 2030 may not
sound too ambitious at first – but it is. President Xi has
announced that China will install up to 1000GW of
zero-emissions energy by 2030. And, around the year
2030, China's emissions have peaked and be on the
way down.
This represents a step forward from the Chinese
statement at the New York climate summit in
September when Vice Premier Mr Zhang Gaoli said
they would begin carbon reduction "as soon as
possible."
This may be the beginning of the end of China's love
affair with coal but there is still a gap between the
politics and the science.
If the world wants to avoid the most damaging
impacts of global climate change than China's
emission peak can and should happen much sooner.
This year alone coal consumption has fallen by 1% to
2% and the country's air pollution crisis has already
driven major, economic restructuring which has
It is on record : Promote Beneficiation for Low Grade Coal
Promote Beneficiation for Low Grade Coal: There
should also be more focused efforts towards
beneficiation and washing of coal so as to reduce
dependence on imported coal. Developing capability
to beneficiate lower grade coking coal for use in steel
industry should be an area of priority. The proposal of
Coal India Ltd to beneficiate coal by installing new
washeries with state of the art technology / expertise
available internationally will go a long way in
improving the yield of washed coking coal in India.
More than 30 million tonnes of low grade coking coal
Volume - 6 u Number - 16
CPSI Journal
driven down emissions. China no longer sees
pollution as an invisible cost.
Questions remain: There still remains a couple of key
questions, largely pertaining to the UN's post-2020
climate targets due in March of next year.
Under the UN timetable, countries are due to put
forward their "intended nationally determined
contributions", and its safe to assume that the US' 28%
reduction target by 2025 will be centrepiece of their
March submission.
As for China, one question is whether it will use an
absolute target at all. It seems likely that it will
because you have to do calculations on absolute terms
to establish a peak year.
Deal can be done: On the diplomatic side, this
agreement is enormously encouraging; the two
biggest emitters have come to the realisation that they
are bound together and have to take actions together.
The private negotiations were extensive, and
ultimately both Presidents Obama and Xi are giving a
signal that they are willing to overcome narrow
economic interests to recognise their shared
responsibility on this issue.
This bodes well for a global climate agreement at the
Paris summit in December 2015 – it's a sign that things
can be done.
Source - www.greenpeace.org
gets diverted to the power industry due to lack of
washery technology and washing capacity in the
country. This should be gradually stopped and
instead the coal should be supplied to the integrated
steel plants for beneficiating and using in their own
plants. Long term commitment to such supplies
should be linked with the steel companies based on
firm proposals.
Paragraph 4.3.6.5 page 66 of the Working Group on Iron
& Steel for 12th Five Year Plan (2012-17)
u November - 2014 r 64
 CPSI Journal

Shri Anil Swarup takes over as Coal Secretary...

Uttar Pradesh Cadre officer of the coveted Indian Administrative Service (1981
Batch), Shri Anil Swarup started his career as a Collector & DM Kheri district in Uttar
Pradesh and served the state government in various capacities before moving to
centre.
Swarup was born on 1st July 1958 and he is a post-graduate in Political Science. In
central government, Swarup has served in the Ministry of Commerce & Industry,
Labour & Employment and Cabinet Secretariat. Anil Swarup

He headed panel to identify and help restart the 215 large projects worth Rs 7 trillion were stalled for one
reason or other for years.
As the Director General for Labour Welfare, Shri Swarup developed the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
(RSBY) has transformed the life of over 65 million people in the un-organised sector.

Coal Ministry seeks details of investments made in captive coal blocks

With the promulgation of the Coal Mines (Special What are the expenses allowed to be shown as mine
Provisions) Ordinance, the government plans to infrastructure? Investments towards land
compensate owners of cancelled coal blocks. demarcated for afforestation and rehabilitation and
re-settlement of project- affected persons, and
As a first step, allottees of 204 coal blocks have been
infrastructure like civil works, workshop, equipment,
asked to furnish details of investments for land
electrical systems, communication systems, site
acquisition and development of mine infrastructure.
offices, crushing machines, conveyor systems,
A letter to the allottees said that if no information if railway sidings, but not movable equipment, have
provided by the November 10th deadline, it would be been allowed.
presumed that no investments were made, and,
The Ordinance clarified that if a prior allottee
hence, no compensation payable.
becomes a successful bidder in the forthcoming
The letter said that "There is a provision for valuation auction, compensation payable by the government
of compensation for payment to prior allottees for would be adjusted against the bid money payable by
land and mine infrastructure. In this context, it is the allottee.
requested to provide details of land and mine
For all assets and infrastructure, the value appearing
infrastructure as per the proforma enclosed duly
on the balance-sheet date for 2013-14 would be
certified by the authorised signatory within a
accepted with no recognition for the post period
fortnight, ie, by November 10th positively."
investments.
According to the Ordinance, the compensation for
It said that if a prior allottee doesn't win an auction,
land would be the cost of land at the time of
compensation wouldn't be paid till the additional
acquisition plus an interest of 12% a year, payable for
levy paid. The levy has been fixed at INR 295 for every
the period from the date of acquisition till the date of
tonne of coal extracted.
vesting or allotment.
Source – DNA
The letter added that for acquisition cost, registered
sale deeds have to be furnished.

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 65

 il e
o f
Pr
's
CPSI Journal

o r
t h Dr. Ireneusz Baic ispresently
Au Dr. Ireneusz Baic ispresently working as a Branch Director of Institute of Mechanized
Construction & Rock Mechanics in Warsaw, Poland.
His areas of specialization inter alia cover Environmental Protection Technologies,
Sustainable Development, of Natural Resources and Forestry etc. He has authored about
150 technical papers and has to his credit many patents and patent applications.
Dr. Baic is a highly acclaimed and decorated Research Professional of Mining Industry in
Poland. He has won many awards and distinctions including: Honorary Medal of "Merit
of Construction", Knight's Cross of Invention, Innovation, Brussels, Eureka Award 2010,
Silver badge of Honour - Merit for IMGiGS, Warsaw, 2010; Badge of Honour
"Distinguished for Polish Mining Industry" - 2011 and Officer's Cross of the Order of
Invention, Innovation Brussels Eureka Award, Bruissels - 2011 etc.
Besides being a Member of many professional bodies, Dr. Baic is also a Member of the Coal
Preparation Society of India.

Prof. Dr. Eng. Wiesław S. Blaschke

Professor W. Blaschke specializes in the gravitational beneficiation of the fine grains of
minerals. He is involved in work in the field of economics of the operation of coal mining
by introducing a new pricing system for coal, known as the coal pricing formulae,
approved by the Ministry of Industry and Finance.
The results of his own research and that of co-operating teams have been published in
national (160 publications) and foreign (7) journals, at internal conferences in Poland (97),
at foreign conferences (46) and international ones organized in Poland (13). He is the
author (co-author) of 4 books, 44 chapters in collective books, 12 monographs and 7
chapters in collective monographs, 3 course books for students and also co-author entries
in 7 encyclopaedias; he is also the author of five patents.
For scientific activity he has received the Officer's and Knight's Crosses of the Polonia
Restituta Order, the Gold and Silver Crosses of Merit, five awards from the Minister of
Science and Higher Education and the Minister of National Education 17 awards of the
Rector of AGH and the Prof. W. Budryk award.
Prof. W. Blaschke is a member of the scientific committees of the Polish Academy of
Sciences (PAN), dealing with Mining; the Sustainable Management of Mineral Resources
and Energy Problems. Prof. W. Blaschke is a member of the Association of Mining
Engineers and Technicians (Chairman), the AGH Alumni Association, the Polish
Association of Mineral Processing (Chairman for 11 years), the Polish Committee of the
World Energy Council, the Polish Committee of World Mining Congress, the Society of
the Upper Silesian Miners' Guild, the International Organizing Committee for the Coal
Preparation Congress (Poland's representative), Lions Clubs International - LC Krakow
Old Town (former Governor of District 121 Poland).

Prof. R. Venugopal
Prof. Venugopal is Dean (Research & Development) - Indian School of Mines at Dhanbad.

Volume - 6 u Number - 16 u November - 2014 r 66

 CPSI Journal

Jozef Szafarczyk, M.Sc. Eng.

Graduate of the AGH University of Science and Technology in Cracow, Poland. Mining
engineer with forty years of national and international professional experience. Former
managing director of one of the largest coal mines in Poland. Author of many patents as
well as national and international publications. Participant of many mining conferences in
Poland and abroad. Longstanding Member of Board of the Polish Hard Coal Mining
Employer's Association. Currently a Consultant for the Institute of Mechanised
Construction and Rock Mining, specialising in broadly defined management of mining
waste and dry coal separation. Presented the Country Report on Coal Preparation in
Poland at the ICPC International Coal Preparation Congress in Lexington and Istanbul.

K.M.P. Singh
K.M.P. Singh passed M.Phil (Applied Chensitry) from Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad
and joined Central Fuel Research Institute, (Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research,
CIMFR), Dhanbad in the year 2001 as a Scientist and since then continuing to carry out R
& D work primarily in the area of Coal Preparation especially Fine Coal beneficiation. He
has published more than 30 papers in international, national Journals, seminar/
symposiums etc. He is life member of Indian Institute of Mineral Engineers, Jamshedpur,
Mining, Geological and Metallurgical Institute of India, Kolkata and Indian Institute of
Metals, Kolkata. His email Id is singh_kmp@yahoo.co.in

U.S. Chattopadhyay
U.S. Chattopadhyay, passed M.Tech in Mineral Engineering from Indian School of Mines,
Dhanbad and Joined Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad in the year
1997 and since then continuing to carry out R & D work primarily in the areas of Coal
Preparation especially Washability and Fine Coal Separation. Presently, he is holding the
rank of a Principal Scientist and in charge of Coal Washability Section. He is a life member
of Indian Institute of Mineral Engineers, Mining, Geological, Metallurgical Institute of
India, Indian Institute of Metals and Associate Member of Institute of Engineers.

T. Gouri Charan
T. Gouri Charan, is presently working as a Senior Principal Scientist and Head, Coal
Preparation Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research (CIMFR),
Dhanbad. Before joining CIMFR he worked as a Mineral Engineer in a Chromite
Beneficiation Plant, FACOR- Bhadrak and as a Scientific Pool Officer at Regional Research
Laboratory, Bhubaneswar He had joined Central Institute of Mining & Fuel Research,
Dhanbad in the year 1989 as a Scientist in Coal Preparation Division. His main research
interests are in the areas of Coal Washability, Development of flow sheets for Beneficiation
of Coking and Non-coking coals, Fine Coal Beneficiation etc. He has published more than
90 papers in international journals and conferences. Mr. Charan had travelled to Poland,
Australia and Turkey under various scholarships. He is a life member of Indian Institute
of Metals, Indian Institute of Mineral Engineers, Mining, Geological, Metallurgical
Institute of India, and Coal Preparation society of India.

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 CPSI Journal

Our Corporate Members

cmpdi
A Mini Ratna Company
Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Ltd. Mahanadi Coalfields Limited
(A subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.) Jagriti Vihar, Burla District
Gondwana Place, Kanke Road, Sambalpur - 768020, Orissa
Ranchi-834 031, Jharkhand, India Phone : 91-663-2542461 to 2542469,
Phone : +91 651 2231850-53 Fax : 91-663-2542770
Fax : +91 651 2231447 E-mail : pkmishracmpdi@gmail.com
E-mail : dirrdt@cmpdi.co.in Contact : Shri P K Mishra
Contact : Mr. V.K. Sinha

NTPC LIMITED CORPORATE OFFICE

Powering Million Smiles Ispat Bhawan, Lodi Road, New Delhi - 110 003
Phone : 011-24367481-86,
NTPC Ltd. Fax : 011-243 67015
Core - 3, SCOPE Complex, E-mail : sailco@vsnl.com, ajayk.mathur@sailex.com
Lodhi Road, New Delhi - 110 003 Website : www.sail.co.in
Mobile : +91 9470575777 Contact : Mr. P C Tibrewal
E-mail : rsrathee@ntpc.co.in
Contact : Mr. R S Rathee

NMDC Limited
Head office :
Khanij Bhavan, Masab Tank,
Gujarat Mineral Development Corporation Ltd. Hyderabad-500028, INDIA
132 feet - Ring Road,Vastrapur, Phone : 040-23538713 - 21 Fax : 040-2353871
Ahmedabad - 380052, India E-mail : yatish@nmdc.co.in
Contact : Mr. A L Thakor Contact : Mr. Yatish Kumar

Nalco Water India Ltd Tata Steel Ltd.

20A, Park Street, Bistupur, Jamshedpur - 831 001 (India)
Kolkata - 700 016, India E-mail : atul.bhatnag@tatasteel.com
Contact : Mr. Prithwijit Basu Ray Contact : Mr. Atul Bhatnagar

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 CPSI Journal

Emta Coal Limited

Jindal Center 5B, Nandalal Basu Sarani, Kolkata-700071
12, Bhikaiji Cama Place, New Delhi-110066, India Phone : 033-30543054
Tel : +91 11 26188340-50 Fax : +91 11 26161271 Fax : 033-30545352
Email: marketing@jindalsteel.com E-mail : emtagroup@gmail.com
Contact : Mr. L M Dora Contact : Mr. A K Tooley

Bateman Engineering (India) Pvt. Ltd

áXYKno Financial Center
Tenova Mining & Minerals
Level - 3, Leela Vista, Bajaj Nagar Square,
Brigade Software Park, No. 42, 27th Cross
WHC Road, Nagpur-440 010,
2nd Stage, Banashankari, Bangalore 560070, India
Maharashtra, India
Phone : +91 80 3048 5211 Fax : +91 80 3048 5212
Phone : +91 712 6451999, 6452999, 6453999,
E-mail : Enquiries.TMM@Tenova.com
6452390, 6955433, 6452419
Contact : Mr. I B Jha
Fax : +91-712-2245338 /2236999
E-mail : growth@axykno.com
Contact : Mr. R Ramakrishnan

Metso Minerals (India) Pvt Ltd

1st Floor, DLF Building No. 10, Tower A,
DLF Cybercity, DLF Phase II, Gurgaon 122002
Enestee Engineering Private Limited
Tel. : +91 124 235 1541 Fax : +91 124 2351 601 J-9, 10, 11, MIDC, Hingna, Nagpur - 440 016
Contact : Mr. Sunil Yadav Maharashtra, India.
Tel : +91-7104-237977/237586/237592
Fax : +91-7104-237594
Contact : Mr. Madhu K. Nair

FLSmidth India Private Limited

FLSmidth House 34 Egatoor
Kelambakkam (Rajiv Gandhi Salai – Chennai) Voltas Limited
Tamil Nadu – 603103, INDIA Mining & Construction Equipment Division
Tel. : 91-44-4748100/27411000 Unit III, First floor, Pokhran Road No.2
Fax : 91 44 2747 0301/0302 Thane - 400 601, Maharashtra, India
E-mail: Indiainfo@flsmidth.com Ph. : +91-22-67920287 Mobile: +91-9820805224
Web: www.flsmidth.com E-mail : kssprasad@voltas.com
Contact : Mr. S. Shankar Narayan (Mob. : 9940637844) Website : www.voltas.com
Mr. Abhishek Shukla (Mob. : 9999316064 ) Contact : Mr. K S S Prasad

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 CPSI Journal

Indian Metals & Ferro Alloys Ltd.

IMFA Building, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751 010 Monnet Ispat & Energy Limited (MIEL)
Tel. : 91 674 2580100, 2580125, 3051000 Monnet House, 11 Masjid Moth, GK-II, New Delhi- 48.
Fax : 91 674 2580020, 2580145 Phone : 011- 29218542/43/45/46, Fax : 011- 29218541
E-mail : mail@imfa.in Website : www.imfa.in Website : www.monnetgroup.com
Contact : Mr. Sanjeev Das E-mail : monnet@monnetgroup.com
hl.sapru@monnetgroup.com
Contact : Mr. H.L. Sapru

R & S Engineering (India) Pvt. Ltd.

1110-11th Floor, PINNACLE Business Park,
INDU
Corporate Road, Prahlad Nagar, Indu Projects
Ahmedabad - 380015. Gujarat, India 1009, Indu Fortune Fields, 13th Phase,
Phone : 079- 40190114/5/6/7 Venkata Ramana Colony, K P H B Colony,
Mobile : +91-9825010325 Hyderabad - 500 072, Andhra Pradesh
E-mail : chirag@icecubeeng.com Phone: +91 40 23157415
Contact : Mr. Chirag Mehta www. info@induprojects.com
Contact : Mr. Ravi Krishna

Ultra Tech Cement Ltd.

(Manufacturing & Projects) Global Coal & Mining Pvt Ltd.
Ahura Centre, 1st Floor, Mahakali Caves Road, 7th Floor, Corporate Tower, Ambience Mall,
Andheri East, Mumbai-400 097 India N.H.-8 Gurgaon -122001, India
Contact : Mr. Ajit Ostwal Contact : Mr. V K Sehgal

Gupta Corporation Ltd.

5 th Floor, Gupta Towers, Temple Road,
MBE Coal & Mineral Technology India Pvt. Ltd. Civil Lines, Nagpur-440001
Ecospace, 11F/12 (Old Plot No. AA-II/Blk-3), Phone : +91 712 6613651
New Town, Rajarhat, North 24 Parganas, E-mail : anurag.gupta@guptaglobal.com
Kolkata-700 156, India Website : www.guptaglobal.com
Contact : Mr. Gurudas Mustafi Contact : Mr Anurag Gupta

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 CPSI Journal

ANDRITZ SEPARATION (India) Private Ltd.

No.6, Vanagaram Road, Ayanambakkam, MMD Heavy Machinery (India) Private Limited
Chennai – 600 095. India 4th Floor, South Block, Ideal Plaza
Phone : +91 (44) 4399 1111 Fax : + 91 (44) 4399 1110 11/1, Sarat Bose Road, Kolkata - 700 020,
E-mail : separation.in@andritz.com West Bengal, India
Web : www.andritz.com Tel. : + 91 33 22903042, Fax. : + 91 33 22903043
Contact : Mr. Balashun Murgan Mobile : +91 900 7008401
Email : pradeep@mmdindia.com
Contact : Mr. M Pradeep Kumar

Schenck Process India Ltd.

Plot Nos. 67-82 Tupudana
Industrial Area(New), Hatia, Ranchi-834003
Electrosteel Castings Limited
Phone : +91 651 2290745 Fax : +91 651 2290043
19, Camac Street, Kolkata - 700017, India
Contact : Mr. Joydeep Roy
Phone : 033 2283 9990
Fax : 033 2289 4336/4337/4338/4339/4340
Contact : Mr. H K Modi

ACB (India) Limited

7th Floor, Corporate Tower, Ardee Hi-Tech Private Limited
Ambience Mall, N.H. - 8, Gurgaon –122002
Ph. : 0124-2719000 Fax : 0124-2719185 Ardee Hi-Tech Private Limited
E-mail : corporate@acbindia.com 1, Balaji Nagar, Siripuram, Visakhapatnam-530 003
Contact : Mr. V.B. Sahay Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
Tel. : +91 (891) 2702852, 2702853, 6662852, 6644875
Fax : +91 (891) 2755507
E-Mail: sales@ardeegroup.com
Contact : Dr. G V Ramana

Andhra Pradesh Mineral Development

Corporation Limited (APMDC)
H. No. 6-2-915, 3rd Floor, Rear Block,
Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply & Bevcon Wayors Pvt. Ltd.
Sewerage Board (HMWSSB Building) H-11, IDA, Uppal, Hyderabad - 500039, India
Khairthabad, Hyderabad - 500004 Tel. : 91-40-2720 1956/59, 2720 7967/68
Tel. : 040-23323153, 23393814 Fax : 91-40-2720 8279
Fax : 040-23393152 Mobile : 91-88855 64075, 92477 37329
E-Mail : info@apmdc.ap.gov.in, E-mail : info@bevconwayors.com
apmdcltd@yahoo.com, apmdcltd@gmail.com Website : www.bevconwayors.com
Contact : Mr. D Nagaraja Contact : Mr. Y S Reddy

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 CPSI Journal

KSN Tech Ventures Pvt. Ltd,

580, Sector-A, Pocket-C, Vasant Kunj,
New Delhi-110070, India Head Office :
Tel : 91 11 26894490 Cell : 91 9811255464 28 Forge Road, Spartan, Johannesburg,
Fax : 91 11 26124970, South Africa, P O Box 224, Kempton Park - 1620
E-Mail: ksnventures@gmail.com Tel : +27 (11) 923-6000
nalwaya@ksnventures.com Fax : +27 (11) 394-5099/8701
Contact : Mr. K S Nalwaya E-mail : marketing@multotec.co.za
Contact : Mr. Ken Tucky

TATA Projects Limited

M. N. Dastur & Company (P) Ltd.
1-7-80 to 87, Prenderghast Road,
Consulting Engineers
Secunderabad -500003 (India)
Faraday House, P-17, Mission Row Extension
Tel. : +91-40-6623 8733 Mob. : +91-9505941144
Kolkata 700 013, West Bengal, India
Fax : +91-40-6617 2535
Ph : +91 33 2225-5420, 2225-0500
E-mail : srinivasamurthy@tataprojects.com
Fax : +91 33 2225-1422, 2225-7101
Website : www.tataprojects.com
E-mail: info@dastur.com
Contact : Mr. V.S. Murthy
Contact : Mr. Vinod K Tyagi

Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd. Magnetic Resources NL

'Navratna' - Government of India Enterprise PO Box 1388, West Perth, WA 6872
Neyveli - 607 801, Tamil Nadu Ph : 08 9226 1777; Fax: 08 9321 6571
Mob : 0400 747 179
No. 135, Periyar EVR High Road, E-mail : gavin@magres.com.au
Kilpauk Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600010 Web : www.magres.com.au
Phone : +91-1144-28364613 Contact : Mr. Gavin Fletcher

Sarda Energy & Minerals Ltd.

Head Office / Works :
Industrial Growth Center Essel Mining & Industries Ltd.
Siltara, RAIPUR-493 111, Chhattisgarh, India Corporate office :
Phone : 91-771-2216000 Aditya Birla Centre, S K Ahire Marg,
Fax : 91-771-2216198, 2216199 Worli, Mumbai 400 030
E-mail : npandey@seml.co.in Email: sanjay.baid@adityabirla.com
Contact : Ms. Nidhi Pandey Contact : Shri Sanjay Baid

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