Title: MOP / QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Code: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060 Rev.: 0

Date: OCTOBER 2022 Page: 1 Of: 14

DOCUMENT: MOP / QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL QRO060 PAGE1 OF 7

CODE: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060October 10 / 2022

TITLE: MOP (MEASURING OF PRESERVATION AND THE REPAIRS)

REPAIR METHODOLOGIES FOR HYDRAULIC BASES

Procedure with hydraulic base, with fluid concrete and with stabilized
base

QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CONTROL

REV. DATE DESCRIPTION NAME NAME/ SIGNATURE NAME/ SIGNATURE

RESPONSIBILITIES AND MANAGEMENTS ELABORATED REVIEWED PASSED

JAVIER E DIAZ JOSE ALBERTO

A SEP 3 QA/QC SPECIALIST VICTOR GARCIA
DOMINGUEZ
CHACIN
JAVIER E DIAZ
B. SEP 5 QA/QC SPECIALIST
CHACIN
D Oct 10 INCLUDES PROCEDURE WITH LAYERS OF ASPHALT JAVIER E DIAZ
FOLDER CHACIN
 Title: MOP / QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Code: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060 Rev.: 0

Date: OCTOBER 2022 Page: 2 Of: 14

HYDRAULIC BASE REPAIR METHODOLOGY

The measures for a hydraulic base repair are subject in this procedure, to the types of
damage that the hydraulic base presents, in this in particular, hydraulic base repairs are
specified for subsequent excavation work, and base cuts.
The hydraulic base is a layer of selected granulated stone materials that is generally placed
on the subbase or subgrade. The main functions of the hydraulic base are to provide support
and uniform load-bearing capacity for the asphalt layer, which are the asphalt wearing course
or the hydraulic concrete layer, both for roads and access ramps.
The hydraulic base will support the vertical and radial loads, which it receives and transmits,
reducing the induced stresses and distributing them properly to the immediate lower layer
"Subgrade", providing the pavement structure with the necessary rigidity to avoid excessive
deformations, it also has as function to drain the water that can infiltrate and prevent the
capillary rise of groundwater.

A normal step in the installation of the hydraulic base is to place, after subgrade compaction,
a layer between 15 and 20 cm thick of hydraulic base compacted at 100% with the required
moisture characteristics and complying with the granulometry established in the table. N°-2
and N°-4, of part 4 - Materials for pavements, of the chapter "Materials for Hydraulic Bases"
of the norm of the Secretary of transport and communications N-CMT-4-02.002/21 SCT of
the Undersecretary of infrastructure, general direction of technical service to construction.

For the construction of the Hydraulic Base, the aspects contained in Standard N-CTR-CAR-
1-04-003/00 must be considered. A variation of -2% in 20% of the volumetric depths will be
accepted in compaction, provided that the average degree of compaction is greater than that
specified. According to standard It is built with a minimum thickness of 20 cm. compacted to
95%-100% of its Proctor Maximum Dry Volumetric Weight, or as defined by the project.
 Title: MOP / QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Code: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060 Rev.: 0

Date: OCTOBER 2022 Page: 3 Of: 14

There are also two standardized processes applied to repair hydraulic bases, such as the
use of fluid concrete and stabilized base, which are described in this procedure.

REPAIR OF HYDRAULIC BASE WITH FLUID CONCRETE OR WITH

STABILIZED BASE

A composite procedure developed to equalize densities and load-bearing capacities, in

substitution for hydraulic bases in slabs built after placing the hydraulic base, is in the use of
fluid concrete, a homogeneous mixture of sand-cement, calculated under a density design.
between 15 and 45 kg, which supplants the use of aggregate for hydraulic base repair. This
design is based on the design proportion contained in the installed hydraulic base.

A Hydraulic Base can have a ratio of 70/30, 60/40, etc, which means the composition of fines
and granulometry of aggregates that compose it, this design was calculated the equivalent in
weight for a specific kilo load, this the design is carried out by laboratory calculations and it is
defined what load will be used.

On average and approximately for this type of hydraulic base of the QRO060 project, a fluid
concrete between 25 and 30 kg would be estimated. This fluid concrete will contain a
density, load capacity and load transfer quality, equivalent to the hydraulic base, in addition
to this will supplant the total cubic space of the area contemplated for the hydraulic base.
This practice is frequently used in excavations and to replace materials with high plastic
limits and/or over-saturated, which make compaction with them impossible.

This repair with fluid concrete guarantees and ensures that the flexible asphalt layer does not
add or create potholes in the finished asphalt layer, in addition, the fluid concrete will be
homogeneously integrated with the installed hydraulic base.
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Code: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060 Rev.: 0

Date: OCTOBER 2022 Page: 4 Of: 14

Fig No. 2

Figure No. 2 shows how the repair with fluid concrete is, it is a simple process to execute,
with a design adjusted to the proportion of hydraulic base, it is an excellent solution, which
guarantees in the long term the impossibility of pothole formation and cracks in the asphalt
layer.
The process only contemplates the repair with the placement of fluid concrete instead of
repair with a hydraulic base, this alternative will be used for areas and you know that
potholes or compression cracks may occur.

REPAIR WITH STABILIZED BASE

The stabilized base is obtained from granular materials, mixed with adequate amounts of
cement and water, and later compacted, according to the standard of the SCT N-CSV-CAR-4-
02-005-03(RECONSTRUCTION WORK). TITLE: 02. Pavements CHAPTER: 005. Construction of
Subbases or Stabilized Bases
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There are some treatments to which hydraulic bases or floors can be subjected to take
advantage of their best qualities and build adequate sub-bases and pavement bases.

The stabilized base is the incorporation of cement and water to the materials selected for the
construction of pavements, (hydraulic base and/or granulometric materials) in order to modify
their characteristics and improve their behavior, matching them or improving their load
capacities, which It makes it very effective for repairs of excavations of sepas, in hydraulic
bases.

When some granulometric materials do not meet the requirements indicated in the
Regulations for Transportation Infrastructure of the SCT or if the resistance of the material is
not sufficient to support the loads of vehicular traffic, then the so-called modified bases or
stabilized bases are built, the which are made by adding a cementitious product to the soil
and mixing it together with water in an adequate proportion, which modify the characteristics
of quality and resistance.

Once the compaction of the subbase or stabilized base is completed, it is recommended that
they be protected to prevent traffic during curing or when asphalt emulsions or asphalts are
used, until they set.
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Some of the stabilized bases are:

Trench Repair with Stabilized Base

 Title: MOP / QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Code: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060 Rev.: 0

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For the construction of the hydraulic base, the following steps will be followed:

1.- First, the hydraulic-based materials (gravel-sand) will be homogenized with their natural
humidity and they will be chamfered.

2.- As a next step, the stabilized base will be laid on the sub-base and will be compacted
until reaching one hundred percent (100%) of its maximum dry volumetric weight of the
Modified AASHTO test determined in the laboratory.

3- Surface irrigations will be given during the time that the compaction lasts only to
compensate for the loss of humidity due to evaporation.

4- The initial compaction may be achieved with vibratory rollers type VAP-70 "Müller" or
equivalent, which provides an impact on the ground of at least twenty-one (21) tons.

5- Compaction with vibration equipment should be taken care of, since, if this is exceeded
too much, the degree of compaction will be reduced instead of increased, due to the
structure of the lower layers being broken.

6- For the construction of the Hydraulic Base, the aspects contained in Standard N-CTR-
CAR-1-04-003/00 must be considered.

In the basic orders and processes of pavement installation, the hydraulic base is placed
shortly before placing the asphalt pavement or hydraulic concrete, to protect and safeguard
the hydraulic base, conserve its humidity and its compaction, impregnation irrigation is
placed on it, on the Base layer, once finished, later a cationic type asphalt emulsion will be
applied, verified in terms of quality, by the laboratory and prior authorization from the Works
Supervision.
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The amount of asphalt emulsion to apply will depend on the texture obtained in the finished
base, after drying, sweeping and compacting, and must be determined by the work
laboratory.

In a tentative way, and only for a preliminary calculation of volumes, it can be considered that
the amount of asphalt emulsion applied may be between 0.9 to 1.1 lt/m², depending on the
texture obtained on the surface of the finished base and accepted by the Supervision of the
work

After carrying out the impregnation irrigation, it is pored with washed fine sand, to protect it
from impregnation.

When excavation cuts are made in the hydraulic base, the homogeneity of the material layer
is broken, and its continuity is impacted; and to repair this, a series of steps and technical
indications must be followed:

1st As a first step we must clean the excavated area and fill the trench with tepetate. This fill
of the trench must be compacted with 100% modified Proctor, the area must be free of loose
material, oversized stones, concrete particles or any other that contaminates the area of the
filled trench.

2° To achieve a homogeneous bond of the existing hydraulic base, with the new material
(hydraulic base), a blade cut at approximately 45° should be made around the entire area to
be repaired, as shown in Fig. N°1 , drawing (b) of this procedure. This cut will be made with a
backhoe or mechanical shovel that accesses the stump area, cutting the ends of the trench
with a blade.
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Fig. No. 1

3° The blade cut at 45° can vary depending on the thickness of the base.

4° The area of the hydraulic base to be repaired must be hydrated, reaching the optimum
humidity point for the hydraulic base.

5° The new Hydraulic Base for filling and repairing the hydraulic base, must be worked until
reaching the optimum humidity point of the material, just before placing the material on site. If
the existing base is dry, it should be moistened before repair.

6° The missing portion of material (hydraulic base) is placed in the cut area of the trench,
leveling and compacting with a vibro of 3 to 4 tons of compression, performing a series of
approximately 15 cycles.
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7° After this local repair process, of each area of trenches or excavation areas, it is
necessary to take into account the general impact produced by a certain movement of
materials and repairs, having been carried out after the hydraulic base placement and
impregnation works. .

8° Once the local repairs have been completed in each of the excavation areas, an extra
refinement, conformation and final compaction treatment must be carried out, prior to the
placement of the asphalt layer or hydraulic concrete.

9° Once the compaction of the repaired area has been carried out, it must be primed with
impregnation irrigation like the rest of the hydraulic base.

10° The additional treatment is made up of two continuous processes, one of general
scarification of all the areas of the hydraulic base and their compaction. This procedure will
finish homogenizing and unifying the layers placed with the repairs carried out in each of the
trench areas.

11° The characteristics of the hydraulic base must comply with the specifications of standard
N-CMT-4-02.002/21

REPAIR WITH DOUBLE REWRAPPING OF STRAIN

Repair by Rebinding is performed using the criterion of double or more multiple load transfer
layers, or multiple layers.

This is done in cases that generally coincide with the same excavation and trench details,
used in a hydraulic base model of less than 20 cm.

In accordance with the recommended practices in the particular details of paving of the SCT,
this procedure is perhaps one of the most used in urban roads, but in cases of highway
paving "Not" it is recommended, since the constant periodic flow of traffic and the massive
flow of loads above 15 tons, would make it vulnerable to failures and undermining and
surface cracking, this procedure would not work due to the limit of plasticity, and liquid index
of the asphalt, which would not behave optimally vertical load support.
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Code: HYA-QA/QC-MOP-QRO060 Rev.: 0

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REPAIR PROCEDURE WITH FOLDER

A-. Two consecutive layers of asphalt will be placed that will cover the space of 15 cm of
hydraulic base in each excavation, these layers will be, one of 8 cm the lower layer and the
upper one of 7 cm, with placement interval.

B-. These layers will be compacted in each repaired stump space, to achieve general
conformity in the capacity to transfer and support loads.

c-. Once each layer is compacted, it must be consolidated with a hydraulic base level and
leveled at the base level, to uniformly receive the 7 cm asphalt layer of the general pavement
of the work, as stipulated in the paving project.

D-. This procedure will streamline the repair process and the paving areas can be unified, to
guarantee a uniform folder for each area.
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