%matlab assignment

%diya shah
% 22bec038
t=-1:0.001:1;
x=sin(4*pi*t);
figure
plot(t,x);
xticks(-1:1)
title('Signal x1(t) = sin(4*pi*t)');
xlabel('Time');ylabel('x1(t)');
grid on;

%Q1b
syms t;
y=heaviside(t)+heaviside(-t-2)+heaviside(t-2);
fplot(y);
xticks(-5:5);
yticks(-1:4);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

1
1

ans = 1

%Q1c
syms t;
x3=sin(2*pi*t)+2*cos(2*pi*t);
fplot(x3);xlabel('Time');ylabel('Amplitude');

2
2

ans = 2

%Q2a
syms t;
x1=heaviside(t)-3*heaviside(t-2)+2*heaviside(t-4);
fplot(x1);xticks(0:5);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

3
3

ans = 3

%Q2b
x2=heaviside(2*t)-3*heaviside(2*t-2)+2*heaviside(2*t-4);
fplot(x2);xticks(0:5);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

4
4

ans = 4

%Q2c
syms t;
x3=heaviside((t/2))-3*heaviside((t/2)-2)+2*heaviside((t/2)-4);
fplot(x3,[-10,10]);xticks(0:10);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

5
5

ans = 5

%Q2d
x4=heaviside(t-3)-3*heaviside((t-3)-2)+2*heaviside((t-3)-4);
fplot(x4,[0,10]);xticks(0:10);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

6
6

ans = 6

%Q2e
x5=heaviside(t+3)-3*heaviside((t+3)-2)+2*heaviside((t+3)-4);
fplot(x5);xticks(-5:5);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

7
7

ans = 7

%Q2f
x6=heaviside(2*t-3)-3*heaviside((2*t-3)-2)+2*heaviside((2*t-3)-4);
fplot(x6);xticks(-5:5);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');

8
8

ans = 8

%Q2g
x7=heaviside(2*t+3)-3*heaviside((2*t+3)-2)+2*heaviside((2*t+3)-4);
fplot(x5);xticks(-5:5);xlabel('Time');ylabel('x(t)');
9

ans = 9

%Q3
ti=-5:5;
sig=line(ti,3,3)+line(ti,-6,1)+line(ti,3,0)-3*step(ti,-3);

9
Operator '+' is not supported for operands of type 'matlab.graphics.primitive.Line'.

%Q-4:-
tq4 = -1:0.01:5;
xq4 = exp((1 + 1i * 2 * pi) * tq4) .* (tq4 >= 0);
real_p = real(xq4);
imag_p = imag(xq4);
figure;
plot(real_p, imag_p);
xlabel('Re{x(t)}');
ylabel('Im{x(t)}');
title('Plot of Re{x(t)} vs. Im{x(t)}');
grid on;

10
%Q-4:-
tq4 = -1:0.01:5;
xq4 = exp((1 + 1i * 2 * pi) * tq4) .* (tq4 >= 0);
real_p = real(xq4);
imag_p = imag(xq4);
figure;
plot(real_p, imag_p);
xlabel('Re{x(t)}');
ylabel('Im{x(t)}');
title('Plot of Re{x(t)} vs. Im{x(t)}');
grid on;

%Q5
n=-5:5;
im=[0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0];
stem(n,im);xlabel('n');ylabel('δ[n]');

1
%Q6
n2=0:100;
%if a==-0.2
for i=1:length(n2)
a1(i)=(-0.2)^n2(i);%if a==-0.2
a2(i)=(0.2)^n2(i);%if a==0.2
a3(i)=(-1.2)^n2(i);%if a==-1.2
a4(i)=(1.2)^n2(i);%if a==1.2
end
stem(n2,a1);xlabel('Number of Samples');ylabel('Amplitude');

2
stem(n2,a2);xlabel('Number of Samples');ylabel('Amplitude');

3
stem(n2,a3);xlabel('Number of Samples');ylabel('Amplitude');

4
stem(n2,a4);xlabel('Number of Samples');ylabel('Amplitude');

5
%Q7
%two finite discrete-time signals
cc = [1, 2, 3];
h = [0.5, 1, 0.5];
convolution = conv(cc, h);
disp(convolution);

0.5000 2.0000 4.0000 4.0000 1.5000

stem(convolution);xlabel('Number of Samples');
ylabel('Amplitude');

6
%Q8
syms t2;
T = 2; % Period of the signal
x_t = 2 + 4 * sin(2 * pi * t2) - 3 * cos(4 * pi * t2);
N = 10; % Number of harmonics
a0 = (1/T) * int(x_t, t2, 0, T);
an = zeros(1, N);
bn = zeros(1, N);
% Calculate the Fourier series coefficients
for n = 1:N
an(n) = (2/T) * int(x_t * cos(2*pi*n*t2/T), t2, 0, T);
bn(n) = (2/T) * int(x_t * sin(2*pi*n*t2/T), t2, 0, T);
end
disp(a0);

disp(an);

0 0 0 -3 0 0 0 0 0 0

disp(bn);

0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

%Q9
T = 2;

7
syms t;
x_t = 2 + 4*sin(2*pi*t) - 3*cos(4*pi*t);
%Harmonics
N = 10;
coefficients = zeros(1, N);
for k = 1:N
c_k = (1/T) * int(x_t * exp(-1i*2*pi*k*t/T), t, 0, T);
coefficients(k) = c_k;
end
% Display the coefficients
for k = 1:N
fprintf("c(%d)",k);
disp(coefficients(k));
end

c(1)
0
c(2)
0.0000 - 2.0000i
c(3)
0
c(4)
-1.5000
c(5)
0
c(6)
0
c(7)
0
c(8)
0
c(9)
0
c(10)
0

%Q10a
Fs = 1000;
T10 = 1 / Fs;
L = 4000;
t10 = (0:L-1) * T10;
x110 = heaviside(t10 + 1) - heaviside(t10 - 1);
% Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)
X1 = fft(x110);
f = (-L/2:L/2-1) * Fs / L;
mag = abs(fftshift(X1));

Phase = angle(fftshift(X1));
% magnitude spectrum
subplot(2, 1, 1);
plot(f, mag);
title('Magnitude Spectrum of x1(t)');
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');
ylabel('Magnitude');
% phase spectrum

8
subplot(2, 1, 2);
plot(f, Phase);
title('Phase Spectrum of x1(t)');
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');
ylabel('Phase (radians)');
%Q10b
tb = linspace(0, 5, 4000);
xb= exp(-2*tb) .* heaviside(tb);
X2 = fft(xb);
magb = abs(X2);
phaseb = angle(X2);
Fsb = 1 / (tb(2) - tb(1));
fb = linspace(-Fsb/2, Fsb/2, length(tb));

% magnitude spectrum
subplot(2, 1, 1);
plot(fb, fftshift(magb));
title('Magnitude Spectrum of x2(t) (Using Inbuilt Function)');
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');
ylabel('Magnitude');
% phase spectrum
subplot(2, 1, 2);
plot(fb, fftshift(phaseb));
title('Phase Spectrum of x2(t) (Using Inbuilt Function)');
xlabel('Frequency (Hz)');
ylabel('Phase (radians)');

9
function y = ustep(t,ad)
N = length(t);
y = zeros(1,N);
for i = 1:N
if t(i) >= -ad
y(i) = 1;
end

end
y = ramp(t,s,adv)
N = length(t);
y = zeros(1,N);
for i = 1:N
if t(i) >= -adv
y(i) = s * (t(i)+adv);
end
end
end

10