THE INTERNATIONAL XPRESS
JULY,03,2023
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
The Sustainable Development Goals
or Global Goals are a collection of
seventeen interlinked objectives
designed to serve as a "shared
blueprint for peace and prosperity for
people and the planet, now and into
the future.The SDGs are: no poverty;
zero hunger; good health and well-
being; quality education; gender
equality; clean water and sanitation;
affordable and clean energy; decent
work and economic growth; industry,
innovation and infrastructure;
reduced inequalities; sustainable
cities and communities; responsible
consumption and production; climate ADOPTION
action; life below water; life on land;
On 25 September 2015, the 193
peace, justice, and strong institutions;
countries of the UN General
and partnerships for the goals. The
Assembly adopted the 2030
SDGs emphasize the interconnected
Development Agenda titled
environmental, social and economic
"Transforming our world: the
aspects of sustainable development
2030 Agenda for Sustainable
by putting sustainability at their
Development". This agenda has 92
center.
paragraphs. Paragraph 59 outlines
the 17 Sustainable Development
Goals and the associated 169
targets and 232 indicators.The
UN-led process involved its 193
Member States and global civil
society. The resolution is a broad
intergovernmental agreement that
acts as the Post-2015
Development Agenda. The SDGs
build on the principles agreed
upon in Resolution A/RES/66/288,
entitled "The Future We
Want".This was a non-binding
Picture Caption Goes Here document released as a result of
Rio+20 Conference held in 2012.
VOLUME #13,NO. #27
The lists of targets and indicators
for each of the 17 SDGs was
published in a UN resolution in
July 2017. Each goal typically has
8–12 targets, and each target has
between one and four indicators
used to measure progress toward
reaching the targets, with the
average of 1.5 indicators per
target. The targets are either
outcome targets (circumstances to
be attained) or means of
implementation targets. The latter
targets were introduced late in the
process of negotiating the SDGs to
IMPLEMENTATION address the concern of some
Member States about how the
Implementation of the SDGs
SDGs were to be achieved. Goal
started worldwide in 2016. This
17 is wholly about how the SDGs
process can also be called
will be achieved. The numbering
Localizing the SDGs. In 2019
system of targets is as follows:
António Guterres (secretary-
Outcome targets use numbers,
general of the United Nations)
whereas means of implementation
issued a global call for a Decade of
targets use lower case letters. The
Action to deliver the Sustainable
United Nations Statistics Division
Development Goals by 2030.This
(UNSD) website provides a
decade will last from 2020 to 2030.
current official indicator list which
The plan is that the secretary
includes all updates until the 51st
general of the UN will convene an
session Statistical Commission in
annual platform for driving the
March 2020.The indicators for the
Decade of Action. There are two
targets have varying levels of
main types of actors for
methodological development and
implementation of the SDGs: state
availability of data at the global
and non-state actors State actors
level.
include national governments and
sub-national authorities, whereas
non-state actors are corporations
and civil society. Civil society
participation and empowerment is
important but there are also diverse
interests in this group Building new
partnerships is useful. However,
the SDGs are not legally binding
and purposefully designed to
provide much leeway for actors.
Therefore, they can interpret the
goals differently and often
according to their interests
 NO POVERTY
Eradicating extreme poverty for all
people everywhere by 2030 is a
pivotal goal of the 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development. Between
2015 and 2018, global poverty
continued its historical decline, with
the poverty rate falling from 10.1 per
cent in 2015 to 8.6 per cent in 2018.
Nowcasts suggest that owing to the
COVID-19 pandemic, the global
poverty rate increased sharply from
8.3 per cent in 2019 to 9.2 per cent in
2020, representing the first increase
in extreme poverty since 1998 and
the largest increase since 1990 and
setting back poverty reduction by
about three years.
The impact of the COVID-19
pandemic reversed the steady
progress of poverty reduction over
the past 25 years. This
unprecedented reversal is being
further exacerbated by rising
inflation and the impacts of the war
in Ukraine. It is estimated that these
combined crises will lead to an
additional 75 million–95 million
people living in extreme poverty in
2022, compared with pre-pandemic
projections.
#1 Between 2015 and 2018, global
poverty continued its historical
decline, with the global poverty rate
falling from 10.1 per cent in 2015 to
8.6 per cent in 2018.
#2 Owing to the COVID-19
pandemic, the global poverty rate
increased sharply from 8.3 per cent
in 2019 to 9.2 per cent in 2020,
rewinding progress by about three
years.
#3 This unprecedented reversal is
being further exacerbated by rising
inflation and the impacts of the war
in Ukraine. It is estimated that these
combined crises will lead to an
additional 75–95 million people
living in extreme poverty in 2022,
compared with pre-pandemic
projections.
#4 The losses have been much higher for
low-income countries, where poverty
reduction has been set back by between
eight and nine years. Although the poverty
rate is projected to decrease to 8.7 per cent
in 2021, it was still higher than the pre-
pandemic level.
#5 For the first time in two decades, the
world’s share of workers living with their
families below the international poverty line
increased from 6.7 per cent in 2019 to 7.2
per cent in 2020, meaning that an additional
8 million workers were pushed into poverty.
ZERO HUNGER
Sustainable Development Goal 2 is about
creating a world free of hunger by 2030. In
2020, between 720 million and 811 million
persons worldwide were suffering from hunger,
roughly 161 million more than in 2019. Also in
2020, a staggering 2.4 billion people, or above
30 per cent of the world’s population, were
moderately or severely food-insecure, lacking
regular access to adequate food. The figure
increased by nearly 320 million people in just
one year. Globally, 149.2 million children under
5 years of age, or 22.0 per cent, were suffering
from stunting (low height for their age) in 2020,
a decrease from 24.4 per cent in 2015.
The number of people going hungry and
suffering from food insecurity had been
gradually rising between 2014 and the onset of
the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 crisis
has pushed those rising rates even higher and
has also exacerbated all forms of malnutrition,
particularly in children.
The war in Ukraine is further disrupting
global food supply chains and creating the
biggest global food crisis since the Second
World War.
1) In 2020, between 720 million and 811
million persons worldwide were suffering
from hunger, roughly 161 million more than
in 2019.
2) Also in 2020, a staggering 2.4 billion
people, or above 30 per cent of the world’s
population, were moderately or severely
food-insecure, lacking regular access to
adequate food.
3) Globally, 149.2 million children under 5
years of age, or 22.0 per cent, were suffering
from stunting (low height for their age) in
2020, down from 24.4 per cent in 2015.
4) To achieve the target of a 5 per cent
reduction in the number of stunted children
by 2025, the current rate of yearly decline –
2.1 per cent – must double to 3.9 per cent.
5) In 2020, wasting (low weight for height)
affected 45.4 million or 6.7 per cent of
children under 5 years of age.
6) The share of countries burdened by high
food prices, which had been relatively stable
since 2016, rose sharply from 16 per cent in
2019 to 47 per cent in 2020.
 GOOD HEALTH
AND WELL-BEING
Ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being at all ages is
essential to sustainable development. The COVID-19 pandemic
continues to spread human suffering.

As of mid-2022, COVID-19 had infected more than 500

million people worldwide. The latest estimates show that global
“excess deaths” directly and indirectly attributable to COVID-
19 could have been as high as 15 million by the end of 2021.

The pandemic has severely disrupted essential health services,

triggered an increase in the prevalence of anxiety and
depression, lowered global life expectancy, derailed progress
towards ending HIV, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria, and halted
two decades of work towards making health coverage
universal. 9) From 2010 to 2020, the adolescent birth rate
dropped from 47.9 births to 41.2 births per 1,000
As a result, immunization coverage dropped for the first time in adolescents aged 15 to 19.
10 years, and deaths from TB and malaria increased. Urgent 10) The universal health coverage improved from
and concerted action is needed to set the world back on a a global average of 45 out of 100 in 2000 to 64 in
trajectory towards achieving Goal 3. 2015 and then 67 in 2019.
1) In 2020 and 2021, 14.9 million people were estimated to
have died due to COVID-19 and its impact on health systems
and society.
2) Interruptions in essential health services were reported in 92 QUALITY
per cent of 129 countries surveyed at the end of 2021.
3) As of May 2022, more than 80 per cent of people had EDUCATION
received at least one dose of a vaccine in high-income countries
but the proportion is only about 17 per cent in low-income
countries.
Providing quality education for all is fundamental
4) Between January 2020 and May 2021, the pandemic may
to creating a peaceful and prosperous world.
have claimed the lives of 115,500 health and care workers
Education gives people the knowledge and skills
worldwide.
they need to stay healthy, get jobs and foster
5) In 2020, the global prevalence of anxiety and depression
tolerance.The COVID-19 outbreak, however, has
increased by an estimated 25 per cent, with young people and
caused a global education crisis. Most education
women most affected.
systems in the world have been severely affected
6) In 2015–2021, an estimated 84 per cent of births were
by education disruptions and have faced
assisted by skilled health professionals, an increase from 77 per
unprecedented challenges. School closures
cent in 2008–2014.
brought on by the pandemic have had devastating
7)The global mortality rate of children under age 5 fell by 14
consequences for children’s learning and well-
per cent from 2015 to 2020.
beingIt is estimated that 147 million children
8) 5 million children died before reaching their fifth birthday in
missed more than half of their in-class instruction
2020 alone, down from 5.9 million in 2015.
over the past two years. This generation of
children could lose a combined total of $17
trillion in lifetime earnings in present value..