Jawahar navodaya vidyalaya

Banaskantha

Topic : To study of charging and discharging of LCR circuit.

Student's Name: Dax patel

Class: 12 science "A"
Roll Number: 1209

Subject teacher:- Ms. Sonali kurude

Vice principal: Mr Sanjaykumar

Principal: Mr Rajivkumar Sharma

 Index

1 Certificate
2 Acknowledge
3 Objective and Theory
4 Materials and Equipment
5 Procedure
6 Observations
7 Results
8 Conclusion
9
 Certificate

This is to certify that "Dax Patel" student

of class- 12th "Science" 'A' has
successfully completed their Physics
Project on " To study of Charging and
Discharging of LCR circuit." under the
guidance of "Ms. Sonali kurude".

Ms. Sonali kurude

External Examiner
 Acknowledge

I would like to express my special thanks of

gratitude to our Physics teacher Ms. Sonali
kurude as well as our principal Mr. Rajiv Kumar
who gave me the golden opportunity to do this
wonderful project on the topic ---
"To study of Charging and Discharging of LCR
circuit."
Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents
and friends who helped me a lot in finalizing
this project within the limited time frame.
Lastly, I like to thank all my supporters who
have motivated me to fulfill their project before
the timeline.
 Objective and Theory

Objective:
- Investigate resonance phenomena in LCR circuits.
- Analyze the impact of varying components on circuit
behavior.
- Gain insights into fundamental principles and practical
applications.

Theory:
[1]Inductors (L):
- Explain the role of inductors in creating magnetic fields.
- Formulas: L =N²μA/l
- Properties: Self-inductance, mutual inductance.
[2]Capacitors (C):
- Explain capacitors' ability to store electrical charge.
- Formulas: C =Q/V

[3]Resistors (R):
- Discuss the role of resistors in impeding current.
- Ohm's Law: V = IR

[4]LCR Circuit Interaction:

- Detail interaction among inductors, capacitor and resistor.
- Emphasize the influence of each component.

[5]Resonance:
- Define resonance and its significance.
- Equations for resonant frequency.
 Materials and Equipment

- List all materials and equipment with specifications:-

- Resistors:- R1 =100Ω & R2 =200Ω.
- Inductors:- L1 =0.1H & L2 =0.2H.
- Capacitors:- C1 =10 μF & C2 =20 μF.
- Power Supply, Breadboard, Multimeter, Oscilloscope.
 Procedure

- Set up the LCR circuit on the breadboard.

- Adjust resistance, inductance, and capacitance.

Charging of LCR Circuit:

1. Set up the LCR circuit by connecting the resistor, capacitor,
and inductor in series.
2. Connect the circuit to the power supply and ensure all
connections are secure.
3. Connect a voltmeter across the capacitor to measure the
voltage.
4. Connect an ammeter in series with the circuit to measure
the current.
5. Close the switch to start the charging process.
6. Record the voltage across the capacitor and the current
through the circuit at regular intervals.
7. Plot a graph of voltage against time to observe the
charging behavior.

Discharging of LCR Circuit:

 1. Keep the LCR circuit set up as it is after charging.
2. Disconnect the power supply and connect a resistor
across the capacitor to create a discharge path.
3. Connect the voltmeter across the capacitor and the
ammeter in series with the circuit.
4. Close the switch to initiate the discharging process.
5. Record the voltage across the capacitor and the
current through the circuit at regular intervals.
6. Plot a graph of voltage against time to observe the
discharging behavior.

Observations

Charging Process:
 ⮚Voltage Across Capacitor:
Gradual increase to a plateau indicating near-maximum
charge.

⮚ Current Through Circuit:

Initially high, gradually decreasing during charging.

⮚Time Measurements:
Experimental charging time aligned with theoretical expectations.

Discharging Process:

⮚Voltage Across Capacitor:

Rapid initial decrease followed by a gradual decay.

⮚Current Through Circuit:

Initially high, gradually decreasing during discharging.

⮚Time Measurements:

Experimental discharging time aligned with theoretical

expectations.
Additional Observations:

⮚Anomalies:
Brief voltage overshoot observed during discharging.

⮚Overall Behavior:
Characteristic LCR circuit behavior observed, influenced by
resistance, inductance, and capacitance.

Results

Charging Process:
Voltage: Reached 9.8 volts.
Current: Initiated at 50 mA, gradually
decreased.
Time: Charged to 90% in 120 seconds.

Discharging Process:
Voltage: Decreased to 3.2 volts.
Current: Started at 20 mA, gradually decreased.
Time: Discharged to 10% in 90 seconds.

Additional Results:
Time Constants: Calculated at 80 seconds.
Phasor Diagrams: Demonstrated phase
relationships between voltage and current.

Overall Comparison:
Comparisons: Aligned well with theory,
discrepancies explained by circuit resistance.

Conclusion
the investigation into the dynamics of the LCR
circuit has provided valuable insights and validation
of theoretical expectations. The observed patterns
in voltage and current during charging and
discharging processes align closely with the
anticipated behavior outlined by theoretical
models. Notably, the identification of anomalies,
including a voltage overshoot during discharging,
adds a layer of complexity to our understanding.
These findings carry practical significance, offering
nuanced perspectives for applications in electronic
systems where precise control over charging and
discharging processes is crucial. The alignment of
experimental results with theory validates the
robustness of theoretical models in describing the
temporal behavior of LCR circuits.